{"id":163605,"date":"2026-09-05T11:24:46","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T11:24:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=163605"},"modified":"2026-09-05T11:45:18","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T11:45:18","slug":"tsongkhapa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/tsongkhapa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5b97\u5580\u5df4"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"163605\" class=\"elementor elementor-163605 elementor-3052 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff07ec5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ff07ec5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2587cd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d2587cd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2283551 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2283551\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c119749 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c119749\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\uff0c\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u5275\u59cb\u4eba<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f77872 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f77872\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u30fb\u6d1b\u6851\u672d\u5df4\uff08Tsongkhapa Lobsang 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sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec5b4e8 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ec5b4e8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c96e6c7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c96e6c7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-238d336 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"238d336\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u751f\u5e73\u8207\u50b3\u8a18<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54cceea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"54cceea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u51fa\u751f\u65bc\u85cf\u6771\u7684\u5b89\u591a\uff08Amdo\uff09\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u9752\u6d77\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u51fa\u751f\u5730\u88ab\u8a8d\u5b9a\u70ba\u5b97\u5580\uff08Tsongkha\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u4e5f\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u5b97\u5580\u4e4b\u4eba\u300d\u3002\u4ed6\u6700\u521d\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5b78\u7fd2\u662f\u5728\u9644\u8fd1\u4e00\u5ea7\u5c6c\u65bc\u5be7\u746a\u6d3e\u8207\u5676\u7576\u6d3e\u50b3\u627f\u7684\u5bfa\u9662\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p><p>\u5341\u516d\u6b72\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u524d\u5f80\u885b\u85cf\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u5728\u6851\u666e\u5bfa\uff08Sangphu\uff09\u8207\u6d85\u5858\u5bfa\uff08Nethang\uff09\u7b49\u5927\u5bfa\u9662\u6c42\u5b78\u3002\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f80\u4f86\u65bc\u591a\u5ea7\u5bfa\u9662\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u5411\u7576\u6642\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u50b3\u627f\u7684\u5e2b\u7236\u5b78\u7fd2\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u7f85\u4f2f\u7279\u30fb\u745f\u66fc\uff08Robert Thurman\uff09\u5728\u300a\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u8207\u6559\u6cd5\u300b\uff08\u00abLife and Teachings of Tsong Khapa\u00bb\uff0c1982\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u8a73\u7d30\u8a18\u8ff0\u4e86\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u6b77\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u51fa\u4ed6\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u91dd\u6709\u610f\u6574\u5408\u7576\u6642\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u50b3\u7d71\u3002<\/p><p>\u4ed6\u5728<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8207\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u7c21\u660e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u8aa1\u5178\u7c4d\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7d93\u85cf\uff08Sutra\uff09<\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u9762\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8001\u5e2b\u662f\u672d\u5df4\u5805\u8d0a\uff08Drakpa Gyaltsen\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5bc6\u7e8c\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5e2b\u5f9e\u514b\u4e3b\u5091\uff08Khedrup Je\uff09\u8207\u5609\u66f9\u5091\uff08Gyaltsab 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tabindex=\"0\">\u7d93\u85cf\uff08Sutra\uff09<\/span>\u50b3\u7d71\u8207\u5bc6\u7e8c\u4fee\u884c\u56b4\u5bc6\u5730\u7d50\u5408\u8d77\u4f86\u3002<\/p><p>\u4ed6\u5805\u6301\u5169\u689d\u9053\u8def\u5fc5\u9808\u4f9d\u5faa\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6b21\u5e8f\u5b8c\u6210\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u662f\u6212\u5f8b\uff08Vinaya\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u662f\u4f9d\u7167\u4e2d\u89c0\u8207\u91cf\u5b78\u6a19\u6e96\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u6027<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8207\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u7c21\u660e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u8aa1\u5178\u7c4d\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7d93\u85cf\uff08Sutra\uff09<\/span>\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u624d\u662f\u5bc6\u7e8c\u7684\u704c\u9802\u8207\u4fee\u6301\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6b21\u7b2c\u5b89\u6392\u6210\u70ba\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u5b78\u5236\u6539\u9769\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u70ba\u5f8c\u4e16\u85cf\u50b3\u5bfa\u9662\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u4ed6\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u662f\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\uff08\u00abLam Rim Chenmo\u00bb\uff09\uff0c\u65bc1402\u5e74\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u8a72\u66f8\u4ee5\u4e09\u500b\u5c64\u6b21\uff08\u4e0b\u58eb\u3001\u4e2d\u58eb\u3001\u4e0a\u58eb\uff09\u95e1\u8ff0\u83e9\u85a9\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u4e4b\u9053\u3002<\/p><p>\u5510\u7d0d\u5fb7\u30fb\u6d1b\u4f69\u8332\uff08Donald Lopez\uff09\u8207\u7d04\u66f8\u4e9e\u30fb\u5361\u7279\u52d2\uff08Joshua Cutler\uff09\u5df2\u5c07\u6b64\u66f8\u5206\u6210\u591a\u5377\u8b6f\u70ba\u82f1\u6587\uff0c\u4e26\u95e1\u660e\u5176\u54f2\u5b78\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u6b64\u66f8\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u5728\u5bfa\u9662\u4e2d\u88ab\u8aa6\u8a18\u8207\u8b1b\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-157b82d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"157b82d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b04173 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5b04173\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u4e2d\u89c0\u54f2\u5b78\u7684\u8a6e\u91cb<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8154cdb elementor-widget 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class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea81549 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ea81549\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5bc6\u7e8c\u8457\u4f5c<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0b27c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e0b27c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u9664\u4e86<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8207\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u7c21\u660e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u8aa1\u5178\u7c4d\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7d93\u85cf\uff08Sutra\uff09<\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u4e5f\u662f\u7121\u4e0a\u745c\u4f3d\u5bc6\u7e8c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5b78\u8005\u8207\u4fee\u884c\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5bc6\u5b97\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\uff08\u00absngags rim chen 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Wedemeyer\uff09\u5728\u5176\u95dc\u65bc\u8056\u5929\uff08Aryadeva\uff09\u8207\u6708\u7a31\uff08Candrakirti\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u5bc6\u7e8c\u50b3\u7d71\u8207\u4e2d\u89c0\u54f2\u5b78\u878d\u5408\u70ba\u4e00\u5957\u7d71\u4e00\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u9ad4\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b335914 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b335914\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd96f2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cd96f2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u7518\u4e39\u5bfa\u7684\u5275\u5efa\u8207\u5927\u7948\u9858\u6cd5\u6703<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a857d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4a857d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>1409\u5e74\uff0c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u767c\u8d77\u4e86\u300c\u62c9\u85a9\u5927<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4eba\u985e\u5411\u795e\u660e\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u6027\u7948\u6c42\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7948\u9858<\/span>\u6cd5\u6703\u300d\uff08Monlam Chenmo\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u5834\u6b77\u6642\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u5bfa\u9662\u76db\u6703\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u65bc\u85cf\u66c6\u65b0\u5e74\u8209\u884c\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u6578\u5343\u540d\u50e7\u773e\u8207\u4fe1\u773e\u5171\u540c\u53c3\u8207\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u5834\u6cd5\u6703\u4f7f\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7684\u6539\u9769\u904b\u52d5\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u5b97\u6559\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u53ef\u898b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u62c9\u85a9\u6771\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7\u5c71\u4e0a\u5275\u5efa\u4e86\u7518\u4e39\u5bfa\uff08Ganden\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u5ea7\u5bfa\u9662\u5f8c\u4f86\u6210\u70ba\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u7684\u7956\u5bfa\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5e7e\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u54f2\u868c\u5bfa\uff08Drepung\uff0c1416\u5e74\u7531\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u7d73\u592e\u5374\u5091\u3014Jamyang Choje\u3015\u5275\u5efa\uff09\u8207\u8272\u62c9\u5bfa\uff08Sera\uff0c1419\u5e74\u7531\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u5f1f\u5b50\u91cb\u8fe6\u8036\u5354\u3014Sakya Yeshe\u3015\u5275\u5efa\uff09\u76f8\u7e7c\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u9019\u4e09\u5ea7\u5bfa\u9662\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u4e09\u5927\u5b78\u554f\u5bfa\u300d\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u6210\u85cf\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559\u898f\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5bfa\u9662\u7fa4\uff0c\u5728\u9f0e\u76db\u6642\u671f\u5404\u81ea\u5bb9\u7d0d\u6578\u5343\u540d\u50e7\u4fb6\u3002<\/p><p>\u88f4\u723e\u30fb\u7d22\u502b\u68ee\uff08Per S\u00f8rensen\uff09\u5728\u5176\u6709\u95dc\u85cf\u50b3\u5bfa\u9662\u53f2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u5728\u5341\u4e94\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u7684\u5efa\u5bfa\u9ad8\u6f6e\uff0c\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u885b\u85cf\u5730\u5340\u7d93\u6fdf\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u8f49\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68a198a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"68a198a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31e0675 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31e0675\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5bfa\u9662\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6539\u9769<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83c8358 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"83c8358\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7279\u5225\u91cd\u8996\u56b4\u683c\u9075\u5b88\u300c\u5f8b\u300d\uff08Vinaya\uff0c\u6212\u5f8b\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u6279\u8a55\u7576\u6642\u76db\u884c\u7684\u5c07\u5bfa\u9662\u6212\u5f8b\u8207\u5bc6\u7e8c\u4fee\u6301\u6df7\u96dc\u7684\u98a8\u6c23\uff0c\u5805\u6301\u50e7\u4eba\u61c9\u606a\u5b88\u7368\u8eab\u6212\u5f8b\uff0c\u4e26\u9075\u5faa\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u98f2\u98df\u898f\u5b9a\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u7a2e\u56b4\u8b39\u614b\u5ea6\u70ba\u4ed6\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u300c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4f5b\u300d\uff08\u85cf\u6587\u300csangs rgyas gnyis pa\u300d\uff09\u7684\u7a31\u865f\uff0c\u6b64\u7a31\u865f\u5728\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u6cbf\u7528\u81f3\u4eca\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u9019\u5834\u6539\u9769\u4e5f\u6d89\u53ca\u5b78\u5236\u3002\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u78ba\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b78\u7fd2\u9031\u671f\uff1a\u5f8b\u3001\u963f\u6bd7\u9054\u78e8\u3001\u91cf\u8ad6\uff08Pramana\uff09\u3001\u4e2d\u89c0\uff08Madhyamaka\uff09\u8207\u822c\u82e5\u6ce2\u7f85\u871c\u591a\uff08Prajnaparamita\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u9805\u5b78\u7fd2\u7686\u6b77\u6642\u6578\u5e74\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u8faf\u7d93\u8207\u8003\u8a66\u4f5c\u70ba\u7e3d\u7d50\u3002<\/p><p>\u4ed6\u6240\u5275\u7acb\u7684\u300c\u683c\u897f\u8003\u8a66\u300d\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u6700\u9ad8\u5b78\u4f4d\u300c\u683c\u897f\u62c9\u8b93\u5df4\u300d\uff08Geshe Lharampa\uff09\u3002\u5510\u7d0d\u5fb7\u00b7\u6d1b\u4f69\u8332\uff08Donald Lopez\uff09\u5728\u300a\u72c2\u4eba\u7684\u4e2d\u9053\u300b\uff08&#8221;The Madman&#8217;s Middle Way&#8221;\uff0c2006\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u8a73\u7d30\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u9019\u5834\u6539\u9769\u5728\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u8207\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29b3008 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"29b3008\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-890b427 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"890b427\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6b7b\u4ea1\u8207\u8eab\u5f8c\u5f71\u97ff<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fb4c24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1fb4c24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u65bc1419\u5e74\u5728\u7518\u4e39\u5bfa\uff08Ganden\uff09\u901d\u4e16\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u907a\u9ad4\u7d93\u9632\u8150\u8655\u7406\u5f8c\u4f9b\u5949\u65bc\u8a72\u5bfa\u7684\u4e00\u5ea7\u820d\u5229\u5854\u4e2d\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6587\u5316\u5927\u9769\u547d\u671f\u9593\u8a72\u5bfa\u906d\u5230\u6bc0\u58de\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u85cf\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u671d\u8056\u5730\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p><p>\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5f59\u7de8\u70ba18\u5377\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc17\u4e16\u7d00\u5728\u8457\u540d\u7684\u62c9\u85a9\u7248\u4e2d\u4f5c\u70ba\u5b8c\u6574\u6587\u96c6\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u6b64\u5f8c\u6578\u767e\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u773e\u591a\u5b78\u8005\u70ba\u5176\u8457\u4f5c\u64b0\u5beb\u6ce8\u91cb\uff0c\u50c5\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\uff08&#8221;Lam Rim Chenmo&#8221;\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\u4fbf\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u8d85\u904e100\u90e8\u85cf\u6587\u6ce8\u758f\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7684\u7d00\u5ff5\u65e5\uff0c\u5373\u85cf\u66c6\u5341\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\u65e5\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u4ee5\u300c\u7518\u4e39\u6602\u89ba\u300d\uff08Ganden Ngamch\u00f6\uff09\u4e4b\u540d\u8209\u884c\u76db\u5927\u7684\u9165\u6cb9\u71c8\u7bc0\u6176\u795d\u3002\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u85cf\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u4e26\u4e0d\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\uff1b\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u6709\u4eba\u4e0d\u8a8d\u540c\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ecd\u88ab\u5c0a\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u5b78\u8005\u3002<\/p><p>\u55ac\u5f17\u91cc\u00b7\u85a9\u7e46\u723e\uff08Geoffrey Samuel\uff09\u66fe\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u4f5c\u70ba\u85cf\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u6027\u95dc\u9375\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u5176\u5730\u4f4d\u582a\u6bd4\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u746a\u65af\u00b7\u963f\u594e\u90a3\uff08Thomas von Aquin\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u7336\u592a\u6559\u62c9\u6bd4\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u7684\u9081\u8499\u5c3c\u5fb7\uff08Maimonides\uff09\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91d3352 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"91d3352\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-432921e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"432921e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u570b\u969b\u5b78\u754c\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u8207\u7814\u7a76<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d15be08 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d15be08\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u85cf\u5b78\u53ca<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f03\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u4e0d\u6d89\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7acb\u5834\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u5404\u7a2e\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u5b78\u79d1\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5b97\u6559\u5b78<\/span>\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u81ea\u6731\u585e\u4f69\u00b7\u5716\u9f4a\uff08Giuseppe Tucci\uff09\u65bc20\u4e16\u7d00\u4e0a\u534a\u8449\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u4fbf\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002<\/p><p>\u5927\u885b\u00b7\u65af\u5167\u723e\u683c\u7f85\u592b\uff08David Snellgrove\uff09\u3001\u7f85\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u745f\u66fc\uff08Robert Thurman\uff09\u3001\u5510\u7d0d\u5fb7\u00b7\u6d1b\u4f69\u8332\uff08Donald Lopez\uff09\u3001\u4f55\u585e\u00b7\u5361\u8c9d\u677e\uff08Jos\u00e9 Cabez\u00f3n\uff09\u8207\u63da-\u70cf\u723e\u91cc\u5e0c\u00b7\u7d22\u6bd4\u65bd\uff08Jan-Ulrich Sobisch\uff09\u7686\u5728\u591a\u90e8\u91cd\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6574\u7406\u63a2\u8a0e\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7684\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\uff08&#8221;Lam Rim Chenmo&#8221;\uff09\u5982\u4eca\u5df2\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u8b6f\u672c\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5bc6\u7e8c\u6587\u672c\u4ea6\u6709\u53ef\u4f9b\u67e5\u95b1\u7684\u6821\u52d8\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u897f\u85cf\u6d41\u4ea1\u793e\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u662f\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u8eab\u5206\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5236\u5ea6\u5ef6\u7e8c\u6027\u7684\u4fdd\u8b49\u3002\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u9054\u8cf4\u5587\u561b\u4e39\u589e\u5609\u63aa\uff08Tenzin Gyatso\uff09\u5728\u773e\u591a\u6f14\u8b1b\u8207\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5176\u5c0d\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u8b1b\u89e3\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u518d\u5f37\u8abf\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u601d\u60f3\u5c0d\u7576\u4ee3\u4f5b\u6559\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p><p>\u9664\u4e86\u4f5b\u6559\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u50b3\u627f\u63a5\u53d7\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u5728\u6b50\u7f8e\u5b78\u8853\u54f2\u5b78\u754c\u4e5f\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u975e\u897f\u65b9\u7cfb\u7d71\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d55238 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8d55238\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9b9305 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f9b9305\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6587\u96c6\u8207\u7248\u672c\u6d41\u50b3\u53f2<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-80b5746 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"80b5746\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u7684\u300a\u6587\u96c6\u300b\uff08\u85cf\u6587\u300cgsung &#8216;bum\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u5f59\u7de8\u8457\u4f5c\u300d\uff09\u5728\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u672d\u4ec0\u502b\u5e03\uff08Tashilhunpo\uff09\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u5171\u5341\u516b\u5377\uff0c\u6536\u9304\u7d04210\u90e8\u7368\u7acb\u8457\u4f5c\u8207\u66f8\u4fe1\u3002<\/p><p>\u9664\u4e86\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\uff08&#8221;Lamrim Chenmo&#8221;\uff0c\u300c\u901a\u5f80\u89ba\u609f\u7684\u5049\u5927\u968e\u68af\u300d\uff0c1402\u5e74\uff09\u8207\u300a\u5bc6\u5b97\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\uff08&#8221;Ngakrim Chenmo&#8221;\uff0c\u300c<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8207\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u53cd\u8986\u8aa6\u5ff5\u7684\u795e\u8056\u97f3\u7bc0\u6216\u5492\u8a9e\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5492\u8a9e<\/span>\u4e4b\u5049\u5927\u968e\u68af\u300d\uff0c1405\u5e74\uff09\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6700\u5177\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u9084\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u8fa8\u4e86\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\u5584\u8aaa\u85cf\u8ad6\u300b\uff08&#8221;Drang-nges legs-bshad snying-po&#8221;\uff0c\u300c\u8fa8\u5225\u66ab\u5b9a\u7fa9\u8207\u7a76\u7adf\u7fa9\u4e4b\u7cbe\u9ad3\u300d\uff0c1408\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u300a\u6b63\u7406\u6d77\u8ad6\u300b\uff08&#8221;Rigs pa&#8217;i rgya mtsho&#8221;\uff0c\u5c0d\u9f8d\u6a39\u300a\u4e2d\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u6ce8\u91cb\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u5927\u6b62\u89c0\u8ad6\u300b\uff08&#8221;Lhag mthong chen mo&#8221;\uff0c\u6458\u81ea\u300a\u83e9\u63d0\u9053\u6b21\u7b2c\u5ee3\u8ad6\u300b\u95dc\u65bc\u300c\u52dd\u89c0\u300d\u7684\u5c08\u7bc7\u8457\u4f5c\uff09\u3002<\/p><p>\u7f85\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u745f\u66fc\uff08Robert A. F. Thurman\uff09\u5728\u300a\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u3008\u5584\u8aaa\u91d1\u9b18\u8ad6\u3009\u300b\uff08&#8221;Tsongkhapa&#8217;s Speech of Gold in the Essence of True Eloquence&#8221;\uff0c\u666e\u6797\u65af\u9813\uff0c1984\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u300a\u8fa8\u4e86\u4e0d\u4e86\u7fa9\u5584\u8aaa\u85cf\u8ad6\u300b\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u82f1\u8b6f\uff0c\u4e26\u9644\u6709\u8a73\u76e1\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u8003\u8b49\uff1b\u4f55\u585e\u00b7\u4f0a\u683c\u7d0d\u897f\u5967\u00b7\u5361\u8c9d\u677e\uff08Jos\u00e9 Ignacio Cabez\u00f3n\uff09\u5247\u5728\u300a\u7a7a\u6027\u4e00\u5291\u300b\uff08&#8221;A Dose of Emptiness&#8221;\uff0c\u5967\u723e\u5df4\u5c3c\uff0c1992\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u7ffb\u8b6f\u4e86\u514b\u4e3b\u5091\uff08mKhas-grub-rje\uff09\u5c0d\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u4e2d\u89c0\u5b78\u8aaa\u7684\u6ce8\u91cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd1\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u300c\u8272\u62c9\u5bfa\u5091\u624e\u5009\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u300d\uff08Sera Jey Library\uff09\u8207\u300c\u85cf\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559\u8cc7\u6e90\u4e2d\u5fc3\u300d\uff08TBRC\uff0c\u7531\u91d1\u00b7\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af\uff08E. Gene Smith\uff09\u65bc1999\u5e74\u767c\u8d77\u7684\u6578\u4f4d\u5316\u8a08\u756b\uff09\uff0c\u5b97\u5580\u5df4\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u6587\u737b\u8003\u8b49\u5de5\u4f5c\u5df2\u6709\u986f\u8457\u9032\u5c55\u3002<\/p><p>\u5510\u7d0d\u5fb7\u00b7\u6d1b\u4f69\u8332\uff08Donald S. 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