{"id":163603,"date":"2026-09-05T11:24:45","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T11:24:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=163603"},"modified":"2026-09-05T11:45:18","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T11:45:18","slug":"gesar-wang","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/gesar-wang\/","title":{"rendered":"\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u738b"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"163603\" class=\"elementor elementor-163603 elementor-3051 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87d2ada e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"87d2ada\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ac6fc8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2ac6fc8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-422fa97 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"422fa97\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d166bc7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d166bc7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u738b\uff0c\u897f\u85cf\u82f1\u96c4\u53f2\u8a69<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10ce150 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"10ce150\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u53f2\u8a69\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u66f8\u9762\u8b49\u64da\u51fa\u73fe\u572814\u81f316\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u4f46\u53e3\u50b3\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u53ef\u80fd\u9060\u65e9\u65bc\u6b64\u3002<\/p><p>\u77f3\u6cf0\u5b89\uff08R. A. Stein\uff09\u5728\u300a\u897f\u85cf\u7684\u53f2\u8a69\u8207\u541f\u904a\u8a69\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u00abRecherches sur l&#8217;\u00e9pop\u00e9e et le barde au Tibet\u00bb, 1959\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\uff0c\u95e1\u660e\u4e86\u6587\u672c\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u9019\u90e8\u53f2\u8a69\u5b58\u5728\u773e\u591a\u5730\u5340\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u9593\u5dee\u7570\u9817\u5927\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u4fdd\u5b58\u65bc\u897f\u85cf\u5bfa\u9662\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u4e2d\u7684\u6b63\u5178\u5316\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b30\u81f3120\u5377\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u7d22\u502b\u68ee\uff08Per S\u00f8rensen\uff09\u8207\u53e4\u8212\u514b\uff08Andreas 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data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u9019\u90e8\u53f2\u8a69\u4ee5\u5929\u754c\u7684\u6c7a\u8b70\u958b\u7bc7\uff1a\u6d3e\u9063\u4e00\u4f4d\u83e9\u85a9\u82f1\u96c4\u964d\u81e8\u4eba\u9593\uff0c\u62ef\u6551\u53d7\u9b54\u602a\u5a01\u8105\u7684\u5dba\u570b\u3002\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u70ba\u5929\u795e\u68b5\u5929\uff08Brahma\uff09\u8207\u4eba\u9593\u5973\u5b50\u6208\u83ab\uff08Gogmo\uff09\u4e4b\u5b50\u3002<\/p><p>\u4ed6\u5728\u4eba\u9593\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u662f\u89ba\u5982\uff08Joru\uff09\uff0c\u7ae5\u5e74\u6642\u671f\u5145\u6eff\u5c48\u8fb1\u8207\u88ab\u8f15\u8996\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4e00\u5834\u51fa\u4e4e\u773e\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u800c\u7531\u4ed6\u7372\u52dd\u7684\u8cfd\u99ac\uff0c\u4ed6\u624d\u88ab\u627f\u8a8d\u70ba\u5dba\u570b\u4e4b\u738b\uff0c\u4e26\u53d6\u7528\u300c\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u300d\u9019\u500b\u738b\u865f\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u53f2\u8a69\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\u90e8\u5206\u753118\u6b21\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u300c\u5f81\u6230\u300d\uff08\u00abdgra 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elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bf6e3e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6b77\u53f2\u5c64\u6b21\u8207\u795e\u8a71\u5c64\u6b21<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f188d66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f188d66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u85a9\u7e46\u723e\uff08Geoffrey Samuel\uff09\u5728\u300a\u6587\u660e\u7684\u85a9\u6eff\u300b\uff08\u00abCivilized Shamans\u00bb, 1993\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u53f2\u8a69\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5340\u5206\u51fa\u4e09\u500b\u4e3b\u8981\u5c64\u6b21\u3002\u5728\u524d\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u82ef\u6559\u5c64\u6b21\u4e2d\uff0c\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u4ee5\u5e36\u6709\u85a9\u6eff\u7279\u5fb5\u7684\u795e\u8056\u541b\u738b\u5f62\u8c61\u51fa\u73fe\u3002\u5728\u4f5b\u6559\u5c64\u6b21\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u5851\u9020\u70ba\u83e9\u85a9\u8207\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7684\u5b88\u8b77\u8005\u3002\u5728\u8f03\u665a\u671f\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u5c6c\u65bc\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\u8207\u5be7\u746a\u6d3e\u7279\u6709\u7684\u5c64\u6b21\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5247\u8207\u84ee\u82b1\u751f\u5927\u58eb\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bc6\u7e8c\u4fee\u884c\u76f8\u9023\u7d50\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u7a2e\u5c64\u6b21\u7d50\u69cb\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u6d41\u50b3\u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u9593\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u5f35\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5c07\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u8207\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u300c\u51f1\u6492\u300d\uff08\u900f\u904e\u6ce2\u65af\u8207\u56de\u9dbb\u8a9e\u7684\u4e2d\u4ecb\u8f49\u70ba\u300cKesar\u300d\uff09\u4f5c\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u8a8d\u5b9a\uff0c\u662f\u77f3\u6cf0\u5b89\u7b49\u5b78\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8f03\u65e9\u5047\u8a2d\uff0c\u6b64\u8aaa\u6cd5\u6709\u8a9e\u97f3\u4e0a\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u8655\u4f5c\u70ba\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f46\u4e26\u7121\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8b49\u64da\u4f50\u8b49\u3002<\/p><p>\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u54c8\u7279\u5229\uff08Lauran Hartley\uff09\u8207\u767d\u746a\u672c\uff08Pema Bhum\uff09\uff0c\u5247\u50be\u5411\u5c07\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6838\u5fc3\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65bc11\u621612\u4e16\u7d00\u67d0\u4f4d\u771f\u5be6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u897f\u85cf\u5730\u65b9\u541b\u738b\uff0c\u6b64\u4eba\u5f8c\u4f86\u88ab\u795e\u5316\u70ba\u50b3\u5947\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u5b9a\u8ad6\u5c1a\u672a\u78ba\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6f9b6d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f6f9b6d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8280c51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8280c51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6f14\u5531\u5f62\u5f0f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2aef01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2aef01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u9019\u90e8\u53f2\u8a69\u7531\u5c08\u696d\u6b4c\u624b\u6f14\u5531\uff0c\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u8aaa\u66f8\u85dd\u4eba\u300d\uff08sgrung-mkhan\uff09\u6216\u300c\u9748\u611f\u85dd\u4eba\u300d\uff08gling-pa\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5e38\u8072\u7a31\u81ea\u5df1\u4e26\u975e\u5b78\u7fd2\u5f97\u4f86\u9019\u90e8\u53f2\u8a69\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5922\u5883\u6216\u5e7b\u8c61\u4e2d\u7372\u5f97\u50b3\u6388\u3002<\/p><p>\u6709\u4e9b\u6b4c\u624b\u5c6c\u65bc\u67d0\u689d\u300c\u982d\u9aa8\u50b3\u627f\u8005\u300d\u7684\u8b5c\u7cfb\uff0c\u64da\u8aaa\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5165\u9580\u5730\u9ede\u7531\u9748\u9ad4\u50b3\u6388\u9019\u90e8\u53f2\u8a69\u3002\u80e1\u91d1\u666e\u3001\u694a\u6069\u6d2a\u8207\u54c8\u7279\u5229\uff08Lauran Hartley\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u8a73\u7d30\u8a18\u9304\u4e86\u9019\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u5be6\u8e10\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5b8c\u6574\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6f14\u5531\u6642\u9593\u53ef\u9577\u9054\u6578\u9031\uff0c\u500b\u5225\u7bc7\u7ae0\u5247\u97002\u81f312\u5c0f\u6642\u6f14\u5531\u5b8c\u7562\u3002<\/p><p>\u6b4c\u624b\u5011\u4f7f\u7528\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5e3d\u5b50\u3001\u9f13\u8207\u9aa8\u7b1b\uff0c\u5176\u50b3\u627f\u53ef\u8207\u4e2d\u4e9e\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u541f\u904a\u8a69\u4eba\u50b3\u7d71\u76f8\u63d0\u4e26\u8ad6\uff0c\u5b78\u754c\u5e38\u5c07\u5176\u8207\u5409\u723e\u5409\u65af\u7684\u300c\u746a\u7d0d\u65af\u5947\u300d\uff08manaschis\uff0c\u746a\u7d0d\u65af\u53f2\u8a69\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u8499\u53e4\u7684\u300c\u795d\u980c\u85dd\u4eba\u300d\uff08y\u00f6r\u00f6\u00f6lchis\uff09\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u859b\u9054\u53f2\u7279\uff08Klaus Sagaster\uff09\u8207\u6d77\u897f\u683c\uff08Walther Heissig\uff09\u5df2\u7cfb\u7d71\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u541f\u904a\u8a69\u4eba\u50b3\u7d71\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59a4dd6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"59a4dd6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d787b8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d787b8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5b97\u6559\u610f\u7fa9<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9ca0a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c9ca0a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5728\u85cf\u65cf\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e2d\uff0c\u683c\u85a9\u723e\uff08Gesar\uff09\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u6587\u5b78\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u50b3\u627f\u4e2d\u7a4d\u6975\u53d7\u5230\u656c\u5949\u7684\u795e\u8056\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u5be7\u746a\u6d3e\uff08nyingma-pa\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u90e8\u5206\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\uff08kagy\u00fc\uff09\u50b3\u627f\u4e2d\uff0c\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u84ee\u82b1\u751f\u5927\u58eb\uff08Padmasambhava\uff09\u7684\u6230\u58eb\u5316\u73fe\uff0c\u4e26\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u6559\u6cd5\u7684\u8b77\u6301\u8005\u3002<\/p><p>\u4eba\u5011\u70ba\u7d00\u5ff5\u4ed6\u800c\u8209\u884c\u8b77\u6cd5\u4fee\u6cd5\u5100\u5f0f\uff08gsol-kha\uff09\u8207\u7159\u4f9b\uff08sang\uff09\u5100\u8ecc\u3002\u5510\u7d0d\u5fb7\u00b7\u6d1b\u4f69\u8332\uff08Donald Lopez\uff09\u5728\u300a\u9999\u683c\u91cc\u62c9\u7684\u56da\u5f92\u300b\uff08\u00abPrisoners of Shangri-La\u00bb\uff0c1998\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u85cf\u65cf\u5b97\u6559\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4e26\u6307\u51fa\u4ed6\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u653f\u6cbb\u904b\u52d5\u7528\u4f5c\u6c11\u65cf<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u7a2e\u89c0\u5ff5\u6216\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u6a19\u8a8c\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8c61\u5fb5<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u7f85\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u745f\u66fc\uff08Robert Thurman\uff09\u5728\u5176\u6709\u95dc\u85cf\u65cf<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u500b\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u6d41\u50b3\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u8af8\u795e\u6558\u4e8b\u7684\u7e3d\u9ad4\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u8a71<\/span>\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u542b\u7fa9\uff1a\u4ed6\u517c\u5177\u6230\u58eb\u82f1\u96c4\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u795e\u8056\u8b77\u6cd5\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u8f09\u9ad4\u4ee5\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u3002\u5728\u5bfa\u9662\u5100\u8ecc\u4e2d\uff0c\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u5e38\u88ab\u63cf\u7e6a\u70ba\u624b\u6301\u9577\u69cd\u8207\u5bf6\u528d\u3001\u9762\u5bb9\u8d64\u7d05\u7684\u9a0e\u58eb\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u8eab\u908a\u4f34\u6709\u4ed6\u7684\u767d\u99ac\u6c5f\u73e0\uff08Kyang Bu\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u7684\u4e09\u5341\u4f4d\u82f1\u96c4\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df9cc33 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"df9cc33\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06d0e8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"06d0e8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u50b3\u64ad\u7bc4\u570d\u8d85\u8d8a\u897f\u85cf<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c839d05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c839d05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u53f2\u8a69\u4e26\u4e0d\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u897f\u85cf\uff0c\u5b83\u9084\u50b3\u5165\u4e86\u8499\u53e4\u8349\u539f\u5730\u5340\u3001\u8c9d\u52a0\u723e\u6e56\u7554\u7684\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9e\u7279\uff08burjatisch\uff09\u5730\u5340\u3001\u5716\u74e6\uff08tuwinisch\uff09\u8a9e\u5340\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u570b\u908a\u7586\u7684\u571f\u65cf\uff08monguor\uff09\u3001\u6492\u62c9\u65cf\uff08salar\uff09\u548c\u88d5\u56fa\u65cf\uff08yugur\uff09\u8a9e\u8a00\u7fa4\u9ad4\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u8499\u53e4\uff0c\u9019\u90e8\u53f2\u8a69\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300a\u683c\u65af\u723e\u6c57\u300b\uff08\u00abGeser khaan\u00bb\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u572817\u300118\u4e16\u7d00\u88ab\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8499\u6587\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9e\u7279\u7248\u672c\u5e36\u6709\u85a9\u6eff\u6559\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u8207\u504f\u91cd\u4f5b\u6559\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u85cf\u65cf\u4e3b\u6d41\u7248\u672c\u6709\u660e\u986f\u5dee\u7570\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u74e6\u723e\u7279\u00b7\u6d77\u5e0c\u5e0c\uff08Walther Heissig\uff09\u5728\u591a\u90e8\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6574\u7406\u4e86\u8499\u53e4\u8207\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9e\u7279\u7684\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u984c\u6750\u5728\u5404\u5730\u5340\u5982\u4f55\u5448\u73fe\u51fa\u5404\u5177\u7279\u8272\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u5728\u62c9\u9054\u514b\uff08Ladakh\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u90e8\u53f2\u8a69\u4ee5\u85cf\u8a9e\u53ca\u7576\u5730\u65b9\u8a00\u541f\u8aa6\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u7576\u5730\u7684\u671d\u8056\u5730\u76f8\u806f\u7e6b\u30022009\u5e74\u806f\u5408\u570b\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7d44\u7e54\uff08UNESCO\uff09\u5c07\u5176\u5217\u5165\u540d\u9304\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5c0d\u9019\u7a2e\u8de8\u570b\u6027\u7279\u8cea\u7684\u80af\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-073fee5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"073fee5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-568986a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"568986a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u73fe\u4ee3\u63a5\u53d7\u8207\u7814\u7a76<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-192990c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"192990c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5728\u4e2d\u83ef\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u570b\uff0c\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u53f2\u8a69\u81ea1950\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\u88ab\u7cfb\u7d71\u5730\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u4e26\u7de8\u8f2f\u6210\u6578\u5341\u5377\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u63a1\u96c6\u8005\u8207\u7de8\u8f2f\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u67d0\u7a2e\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u50be\u5411\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u78ba\u7acb\u4e00\u7a2e\u8207\u53e3\u50b3\u50b3\u7d71\u591a\u6a23\u6027\u4e26\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b26\u7684\u300c\u6a19\u6e96\u7248\u672c\u300d\u3002\u52de\u502b\u00b7\u54c8\u7279\u5229\uff08Lauran Hartley\uff09\u8207\u8c9d\u746a\u00b7\u84ec\uff08Pema Bhum\uff09\u8a18\u9304\u4e26\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u53cd\u601d\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u50be\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5728\u6b50\u7f8e\u5b78\u754c\uff0c\u81ea\u77f3\u6cf0\u5b89\uff08Stein\uff09\u8207\u6d77\u5e0c\u5e0c\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u85cf\u5b78\u8207\u8499\u53e4\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u9818\u57df\u3002\u7d22\u7f85\u9580\u00b7\u83ab\u624e\u6d85\u8328\uff08Solomon Mowtschanetz\uff09\u3001\u694a\u6069\u6d2a\uff08Yang Enhong\uff09\u8207\u7f85\u8cd3\u00b7\u79d1\u723e\u66fc\uff08Robin Kornman\uff09\u7b49\u5b78\u8005\u5728\u6b4c\u624b\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u6587\u5b78\u7d50\u69cb\u3001\u53f2\u8a69\u6bd4\u8f03\u7814\u7a76\u4ee5\u53ca\u7576\u4ee3\u529f\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u9762\u5747\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/p><p>\u7531\u7f85\u8cd3\u00b7\u79d1\u723e\u66fc\u53ca\u5176\u5718\u968a\u7de8\u8b6f\u3001\u984c\u70ba\u300a\u5dba\u570b\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u738b\u50b3\u300b\uff08\u00abThe Epic of Gesar of Ling\u00bb\uff0c2012\u5e74\uff09\u7684\u53f2\u8a69\u5927\u90e8\u8b6f\u672c\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u64f4\u5c55\u4e86\u9019\u90e8\u53f2\u8a69\u5728\u570b\u969b\u4e0a\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e24dbe e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5e24dbe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e78f666 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e78f666\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u653f\u6cbb\u5de5\u5177\u5316<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8c80fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a8c80fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u53f2\u8a69\u5728\u8fd1\u5e7e\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u627f\u64d4\u904e\u5404\u7a2e\u653f\u6cbb\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u6e05\u671d\u672b\u671f\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u85cf\u65cf\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u7a2e\u89c0\u5ff5\u6216\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u6a19\u8a8c\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8c61\u5fb5<\/span>\uff1b\u5728\u6c11\u570b\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u5247\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u8499\u85cf\u5144\u5f1f\u60c5\u8abc\u7684\u8868\u9054\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u4e2d\u83ef\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u570b\uff0c\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u88ab\u5b98\u65b9\u5ba3\u50b3\u70ba\u300c\u4e2d\u83ef\u591a\u6c11\u65cf\u5927\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u8aaa\u6cd5\u906d\u5230\u624d\u65fa\u590f\u52a0\uff08Tsering Shakya\uff09\u7b49\u85cf\u65cf\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6536\u7de8\u5617\u8a66\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u53ca\u85cf\u65cf\u6d41\u4ea1\u7fa4\u9ad4\u4e2d\uff0c\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u5247\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u62b5\u6297\u6587\u5316\u6ec5\u7d55\u7684\u6c11\u65cf<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u7a2e\u89c0\u5ff5\u6216\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u6a19\u8a8c\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8c61\u5fb5<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u85cf\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559\u5167\u90e8\uff0c\u9019\u90e8\u53f2\u8a69\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u5be7\u746a\u6d3e\uff08nyingma-pa\uff09\u8207\u90e8\u5206\u5676\u8209\u6d3e\uff08kagy\u00fc\uff09\u50b3\u627f\u5f37\u8abf\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u4f5c\u70ba\u85cf\u65cf\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u8b77\u6cd5\u4e4b\u795e\uff0c\u800c\u9054\u8cf4\u5587\u561b\u6240\u5c6c\u7684\u683c\u9b6f\u6d3e\uff08gelug-pa\uff09\u50b3\u7d71\u5247\u5c0d\u9019\u90e8\u53f2\u8a69\u614b\u5ea6\u8f03\u70ba\u4fdd\u7559\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5176\u4e2d\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u524d\u4f5b\u6559\u6642\u671f\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p><p>\u5091\u5f17\u91cc\u00b7\u85a9\u7e46\u723e\uff08Geoffrey Samuel\uff09\u5c07\u9019\u7a2e\u5f35\u529b\u5206\u6790\u70ba\u85cf\u65cf\u5b97\u6559\u5167\u90e8\u591a\u5143\u6027\u7684\u5178\u578b\u8868\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4695fd2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4695fd2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b02e27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1b02e27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u8aaa\u5531\u50b3\u7d71\u8207\u53e3\u982d\u5275\u4f5c<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ce5353 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ce5353\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u53f2\u8a69\u7684\u8aaa\u5531\u8005\u5728\u85cf\u8a9e\u7528\u6cd5\u4e2d\u88ab\u5206\u70ba\u5e7e\u500b\u985e\u5225\uff1a\u300cbabs sgrung\u300d\uff08\u7531\u5e7b\u8c61\u6216\u795e\u8ff7\u72c0\u614b\u4e2d\u964d\u81e8\u7684\u8aaa\u5531\u85dd\u4eba\uff09\u3001\u300cthos sgrung\u300d\uff08\u807d\u805e\u8aaa\u5531\u8005\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u807d\u805e\u5b78\u7fd2\u800c\u5f97\uff09\u3001\u300cdgongs sgrung\u300d\uff08\u900f\u904e<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u7a2e\u88ab\u8ce6\u4e88\u5c0d\u4e16\u754c\u7522\u751f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7121\u5f62\u5b58\u5728\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u9748<\/span>\u7684\u50b3\u6388\u800c\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u300cbrda sgrung\u300d\uff08\u4f9d\u9760\u6587\u5b57\u8f14\u52a9\u8aaa\u5531\u7684\u8aaa\u5531\u8005\uff09\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u4e00\u5206\u985e\u65e9\u5df2\u898b\u65bc\u7f85\u723e\u592b\u00b7\u963f\u723e\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u00b7\u77f3\u6cf0\u5b89\uff08Rolf Alfred Stein\uff09\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u5831\u544a\u4e2d\uff0c\u898b\u5176\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u5dba\u570b\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u53f2\u8a69\u7684\u62c9\u561b\u6d3e\u7248\u672c\u300b\uff08\u00abL&#8217;\u00e9pop\u00e9e tib\u00e9taine de Gesar dans sa version lama\u00efque de Ling\u00bb\uff0c\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c1956\u5e74\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u897f\u85cf\u53f2\u8a69\u8207\u8aaa\u5531\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u00abRecherches sur l&#8217;\u00e9pop\u00e9e et le barde au Tibet\u00bb\uff0c\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c1959\u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p><p>\u77f3\u6cf0\u5b89\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u8a18\u9304\u4e86\u500b\u5225\u8aaa\u5531\u8005\u7684\u751f\u5e73\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u5927\u591a\u5728\u5e74\u8f15\u6642\u7d93\u6b77\u904e\u4e00\u5834\u91cd\u75c5\u6216\u795e\u8ff7\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u6b64\u5f8c\u53f2\u8a69\u7684\u7bc7\u7ae0\u4fbf\u300c\u6d6e\u73fe\u300d\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u5fc3\u4e2d\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u4e00\u89c0\u5bdf\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e5f\u5f97\u5230\u694a\u6069\u6d2a\uff08\u300a\u8499\u85cf\u683c\u65af\u723e\/\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u85dd\u4eba\u6f14\u5531\u98a8\u683c\u6bd4\u8f03\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff0c\u00abA Comparative Study of the Singing Styles of Mongolian and Tibetan Geser\/Gesar Artists\u00bb\uff0c2002\u5e74\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u52de\u502b\u00b7\u54c8\u7279\u5229\u5c0d\u9752\u6d77\u3001\u56db\u5ddd\u5169\u7701\u73fe\u4ee3\u8aaa\u5531\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u8b49\u5be6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5091\u5f17\u91cc\u00b7\u85a9\u7e46\u723e\u5728\u300a\u6587\u660e\u7684\u85a9\u6eff\uff1a\u85cf\u65cf\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u300b\uff08\u00abCivilized Shamans. Buddhism in Tibetan Societies\u00bb\uff0c\u83ef\u76db\u9813\uff0c1993\u5e74\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5f8c\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6\u300a\u5766\u7279\u7f85\u518d\u8a6e\u91cb\u300b\uff08\u00abTantric Revisionings\u00bb\uff0c\u5967\u723e\u5fb7\u8096\u7279\uff0c2005\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u8aaa\u5531\u8005\u985e\u578b\u5728\u985e\u578b\u5b78\u4e0a\u8207\u85a9\u6eff\u5f0f\u7684\u555f\u609f\u6a21\u5f0f\u76f8\u547c\u61c9\uff0c\u4f46\u4e26\u672a\u8207\u82ef\u6559\uff08B\u00f6n\uff09\u7684\u5c08\u9580\u50b3\u627f\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u8b5c\u7cfb\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p><p>\u6839\u64da\u77f3\u6cf0\u5b89\u7684\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u4e00\u6bb5\u5b8c\u6574\u53f2\u8a69\u7bc7\u7ae0\u7684\u8aaa\u5531\u6642\u9577\u5e73\u5747\u5728\u516d\u81f3\u5341\u4e8c\u5c0f\u6642\u4e4b\u9593\uff1b\u4f9d\u7167\u5510\u7d0d\u5fb7\u00b7\u6d1b\u4f69\u8332\u8207\u694a\u6069\u6d2a\u7684\u4f30\u7b97\uff0c\u9019\u90e8\u53f2\u8a69\u81f3\u4eca\u6d41\u50b3\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684120\u500b\u7bc7\u7ae0\uff0c\u7e3d\u8a08\u7d04\u6709\u4e00\u767e\u842c\u8a69\u53e5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u70ba\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u898f\u6a21\u6700\u9f90\u5927\u7684\u53e3\u50b3\u53f2\u8a69\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56fff50 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"56fff50\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7005d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d7005d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u8499\u53e4\u3001\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9e\u7279\u8207\u62c9\u9054\u514b\u7684\u63a5\u53d7<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-302d3e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"302d3e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u8a72\u53f2\u8a69\u7684\u8499\u53e4\u7248\u672c\u300a\u683c\u65af\u723e\u6c57\u300b\uff08Geser Khan\uff09\u8207\u897f\u85cf\u50b3\u7d71\u5e73\u884c\u6d41\u50b3\u65bc\u8499\u53e4\u8207\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9e\u7279\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u73fe\u5b58\u591a\u7a2e\u624b\u6284\u672c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f1716\u5e74\u5728\u5eb7\u7199\u7687\u5e1d\u4e3b\u6301\u4e0b\u520a\u5370\u7684\u300a\u5317\u4eac\u6728\u523b\u7248\u300b\uff0c\u6b64\u7248\u672c\u5c07\u8499\u53e4\u5bae\u5ef7\u6587\u5316\u7f6e\u65bc\u8207\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u8b77\u4f51\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u74e6\u723e\u7279\u00b7\u6d77\u897f\u5e0c\uff08Walther Heissig\uff09\u5728\u5176\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u683c\u65af\u723e\u7814\u7a76\u2014\u2014\u8499\u53e4\u683c\u65af\u723e\u7cfb\u5217\u65b0\u7bc7\u7ae0\u6558\u4e8b\u7d20\u6750\u8003\u300b\uff08\u00abGeser-Studien. Untersuchungen zu den Erz\u00e4hlstoffen in den neuen Kapiteln des mongolischen Geser-Zyklus\u00bb\uff0c\u5a01\u65af\u5df4\u767b\uff0c1983\u5e74\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u300c\u4e9e\u6d32\u7814\u7a76\u300d\uff08Asiatische 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Francke\uff09\u5728\u300c\u5b5f\u52a0\u62c9\u4e9e\u6d32\u5b78\u6703\u300d\uff08Asiatic Society of 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data-id=\"fd96ac9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be9da4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"be9da4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u8c61\u5fb5\u610f\u7fa9\u8207\u5716\u50cf\u8868\u73fe<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6868e04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6868e04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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tabindex=\"0\">\u5716\u50cf\u5b78<\/span>\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u5510\u5361\uff08Thangka\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u683c\u85a9\u723e\u6709\u6642\u51fa\u73fe\u65bc\u66fc\u9640\u7f85\uff08Mandala\uff09\u4e2d\u592e\uff0c\u5468\u570d\u74b0\u7e5e\u8457\u4ed6\u7684\u4e09\u5341\u4f4d\u82f1\u96c4\u8207\u56db\u65b9\u5929\u738b\u3002\u9019\u985e\u63cf\u7e6a\u81ea17\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u4f86\u5df2\u6709\u8f03\u591a\u5b58\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u8207\u56db\u65b9\u5929\u738b\u7684\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u8ce6\u4e88\u683c\u85a9\u723e<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u95dc\u65bc\u5716\u50cf\u5167\u5bb9\u53ca\u5176\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u5b78\u554f\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5716\u50cf\u5b78<\/span>\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b87\u5b99\u8ad6\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u610f\u6db5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u8d85\u8d8a\u4e86\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b89\u5fb7\u70c8\u4e9e\u65af\u00b7\u683c\u9b6f\u4ec0\u514b\uff08Andreas 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