{"id":163346,"date":"2026-09-05T11:22:36","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T11:22:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=163346"},"modified":"2026-09-05T11:38:30","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T11:38:30","slug":"marid","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/marid\/","title":{"rendered":"\u99ac\u91cc\u5fb7\uff08Marid\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"163346\" class=\"elementor elementor-163346 elementor-2165 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" 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data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6587\u5316\u80cc\u666f<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u99ac\u91cc\u5fb7\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u73fe\u65bc\u516c\u51437\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u300a\u53e4\u862d\u7d93\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u6839\u6e90\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u81f3\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8207\u9583\u65cf\u7684\u93ae\u5c3c\u50b3\u7d71\u3002\u5730\u7406\u8d77\u6e90\u4f4d\u65bc\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u534a\u5cf6\uff0c\u5c24\u4ee5\u6c99\u6f20\u8207\u6c34\u57df\u9019\u4e9b\u93ae\u5c3c\u7684\u68f2\u606f\u4e4b\u5730\u70ba\u4e3b\u3002<\/p><p>\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u8a18\u8f09\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u81f3\u300a\u53e4\u862d\u7d93\u300b27\u7ae039\u7bc0\uff08\u9ea5\u52a0\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u516c\u5143610\u5e74\u81f3632\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u5c07\u5176\u5b9a\u4f4d\u70ba\u6840\u9a41\u4e0d\u99b4\u7684\u93ae\u5c3c\u65cf\u7fa4\u9019\u4e00\u795e\u5b78\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5247\u5f62\u6210\u65bc\u54c8\u8fea\u65af\u8a3b\u91cb\u8207\u9b54\u6cd5\u5178\u7c4d\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0813\u81f315\u4e16\u7d00\uff09\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u99ac\u91cc\u5fb7\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u7fa4\u9ad4<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u8b77\u8eab\u4e4b\u7269<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u746a\u5229\u5fb7\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u6709\u5bb3\u4e14\u9811\u6297\u96e3\u99b4\u3002\u9632\u8b77\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u7948\u79b1(\u675c\u963f,Dua)\u4ee5\u6c42\u771f\u4e3b\u4fdd\u8b77\u514d\u53d7\u746a\u5229\u5fb7\u4fb5\u5bb3\u3001\u8aa6\u8b80\u300a\u53e4\u862d\u7d93\u300b\u7d93\u6587(\u5bf6\u5ea7\u7d93,Ayat al-Kursi,\u7b2c2\u7ae0\u7b2c255\u7bc0)\u3001\u4f69\u6234\u523b\u6709\u771f\u4e3b\u8056\u540d\u7684\u8b77\u8eab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u7a2e\u96a8\u8eab\u4f69\u6234\u7684\u7269\u54c1,\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u9632\u8b77\u3001\u9a45\u90aa\u7684\u529f\u6548\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7b26<\/span>(\u5854\u5a01\u8332,Taweez),\u4ee5\u53ca\u9032\u884c\u5100\u5f0f\u6027\u6de8\u8eab(\u5c0f\u6de8,Wudhu)\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u8607\u975e<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u7a2e\u5f37\u8abf\u8207\u795e\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u9047\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u601d\u6f6e\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u79d8\u4e3b\u7fa9<\/span>\u4e2d,\u746a\u5229\u5fb7\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u8a66\u7149(\u83f2\u7279\u7d0d,Fitna),\u4fe1\u5f92\u9808\u4ee5\u9748\u6027\u529b\u91cf\u514b\u670d\u3002\u9632\u8b77\u4e4b\u9053\u5728\u65bc\u89aa\u8fd1\u771f\u4e3b\u7684\u8aa1\u547d(\u656c\u754f\u4e4b\u5fc3,Taqwa)\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5c0d\u61c9\u5f62\u8c61<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u53ef\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u5305\u62ec:\u6613\u535c\u52a3\u5edd(Iblis,\u4e3b\u8981\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u7a2e\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u6709\u5bb3\u6216\u77db\u76fe\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u9748\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u60e1\u9b54<\/span>,\u4f46\u5c6c\u58ae\u843d<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5728\u4e9e\u4f2f\u62c9\u7f55\u8af8\u6559\u4e2d,\u4e00\u7a2e\u70ba\u795e\u50b3\u4fe1\u7684\u5929\u4e0a\u4f7f\u8005\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5929\u4f7f<\/span>\u8eab\u4efd)\u3001\u590f\u4e9e\u9813(Shayatin,\u6cdb\u6307\u60e1\u9b54,\u4f46\u5a01\u529b\u8f03\u5f31)\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u7cbe\u9748\u985e\u5225(\u5982\u5361\u6797Qarin\u3001\u4f0a\u592b\u5229\u7279Afrit)\u3002\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u6bd4\u8f03\u5c0d\u8c61\u6709\u7336\u592a\u6559\u7684\u963f\u6492\u7009\u52d2(Azazel,<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u7a2e\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u6709\u5bb3\u6216\u77db\u76fe\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u9748\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u60e1\u9b54<\/span>\u738b)\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7684\u60e1\u9b54\u5f62\u8c61(\u5225\u897f\u535cBelzebub\u3001\u746a\u9580Mammona),\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f8e\u7d22\u4e0d\u9054\u7c73\u4e9e\u7684\u62c9\u746a\u4ec0\u5716(Lamashtu,\u9811\u6297\u7684\u5973\u60e1\u9b54)\u3002\u5143\u7d20\u529b\u91cf\u8207\u5c0d\u6297\u6027\u7684\u7d50\u5408\u6b63\u662f\u746a\u5229\u5fb7\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u746a\u5229\u5fb7:\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0d\u61c9\u5f62\u8c61<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u746a\u5229\u5fb7\u5c6c\u65bc\u7cbe\u9748\u4e2d\u6700\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u985e\u5225,\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u4ecb\u65bc\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u85e5\u53c9(Yakshas)\u8207\u53e4\u5178\u665a\u671f\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4ee3\u8499(Daimonen)\u4e4b\u9593\u3002\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u55ae\u4e00\u9762\u5411\u3001\u7d14\u7136\u90aa\u60e1\u7684\u9748\u9ad4\u4e0d\u540c,\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u60e1\u9b54\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u746a\u5229\u5fb7\u5177\u6709\u5169\u9762\u6027:\u7260\u5011\u53ef\u88ab\u611f\u5316\u3001\u53ef\u8a02\u7acb\u5951\u7d04,\u5728\u6240\u7f85\u9580\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u70ba\u4eba\u5f79\u4f7f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>\u7336\u592a\u50b3\u7d71:<\/strong>\u7336\u592a\u6559\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0d\u61c9\u5f62\u8c61\u662f\u963f\u6492\u7009\u52d2(Azazel,<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u7a2e\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u6709\u5bb3\u6216\u77db\u76fe\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u9748\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u60e1\u9b54<\/span>\u738b,\u66ff\u7f6a\u7f8a)\u6216\u6492\u746a\u8033(Samael,\u58ae\u843d\u7684\u5927\u5929\u4f7f)\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc:\u746a\u5229\u5fb7\u7684\u7cbe\u9748\u672c\u6027\u662f\u539f\u751f\u7684,\u4e26\u975e\u58ae\u843d\u800c\u4f86;\u6492\u746a\u8033\/\u963f\u6492\u7009\u52d2\u5247\u662f\u58ae\u843d\u7684\u5929\u4f7f\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\u5c0d\u6297\u795e\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p><p><strong>\u5e0c\u81d8\u7f85\u99ac\u4e16\u754c:<\/strong>\u5e0c\u81d8\u5c0d\u61c9\u5f62\u8c61\u662f\u63d0\u8c50(Typhon,\u6df7\u6c8c\u4e4b\u529b)\u3001\u5de8\u4eba\u65cf(Giganten)\u6216\u6cf0\u5766\u65cf(Titanen)\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc:\u9019\u4e9b\u662f\u5b87\u5b99\u5275\u751f\u795e\u8a71\u4e2d\u5c0d\u6297\u8af8\u795e\u7684\u5b58\u5728;\u746a\u5229\u5fb7\u5247\u662f\u65e5\u5e38\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u60e1\u9b54\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u5c0d\u61c9\u662f\u54c8\u8033\u5e80\u5384(Harpyien)\u6216\u5fa9\u4ec7\u5973\u795e(Furien,\u5177\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u64cd\u63a7\u529b\u7684\u90aa\u60e1\u5b58\u5728)\u3002<\/p><p><strong>\u7f8e\u7d22\u4e0d\u9054\u7c73\u4e9e:<\/strong>\u7f8e\u7d22\u4e0d\u9054\u7c73\u4e9e\u7684\u5c0d\u61c9\u5f62\u8c61\u662f\u63d0\u4e9e\u746a\u7279(Tiamat,\u6df7\u6c8c<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u7a2e\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u5177\u6709\u6709\u5bb3\u6216\u77db\u76fe\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u9748\u6027\u5b58\u5728\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u60e1\u9b54<\/span>,\u99ac\u723e\u675c\u514bMarduk\u7684\u5c0d\u624b)\u3001\u62c9\u5df4\u723e\u5716(Labartu)\u6216\u62c9\u746a\u4ec0\u5716(Lamashtu,\u9811\u6297\u7684\u5973\u60e1\u9b54)\u3002\u746a\u5229\u5fb7\u8207\u9019\u4e9b\u529b\u91cf\u5171\u6709\u5b87\u5b99\u6027\u5c0d\u6297\u8207\u5143\u7d20\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u7279\u8cea,\u4f46\u746a\u5229\u5fb7\u66f4\u5177\u500b\u9ad4\u6027\u8207\u4e92\u52d5\u6027\u3002<\/p><p><strong>\u5370\u5ea6\/\u4e9e\u6d32:<\/strong>\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u5c0d\u61c9\u5f62\u8c61\u662f\u963f\u4fee\u7f85(Asuras,\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u4e2d\u5c0d\u6297\u6027\u7684\u60e1\u9b54\u529b\u91cf)\u6216\u7f85\u524e(Rakshasas,\u60e1\u9b54\u985e\u5225)\u3002\u7260\u5011\u5171\u6709\u5c0d\u6297\u8207\u8a98\u60d1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0d\u61c9\u662f\u9b54\u7f85(Maras)\u6216\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u529b\u91cf\u8207\u8a98\u60d1\u529b\u7684\u85e5\u53c9(Yakshas)\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9017bf9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9017bf9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb1845ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpb1845ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u746a\u5229\u5fb7\u5728\u7cbe\u9748\u5206\u985e\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb5e4d0b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpb5e4d0b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb1e5b2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpb1e5b2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163121\">\u4f0a\u592b\u91cc\u7279\uff08\u02bfIfr\u012bt\uff09\uff0c\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u5f37\u5927\u7cbe\u9748\u985e\u5225<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163120\">\u6c99\u4e9e\u5ef7\uff08Shayatin\uff09\uff0c\u6492\u65e6\u6027\u8cea\u7684\u7cbe\u9748\u89aa\u5c6c<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163108\">\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u6574\u9ad4\u8108\u7d61<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\uff08\u7cbe\u9078\uff09<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>El-Zein, Amira: <em>Islam, Arabs, and the Intelligent World of the Jinn<\/em>. Syracuse UP, Syracuse 2009.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>MacDonald, D. B.: Art. \u201eDjinn&#8221;, in: <em>Encyclopaedia of Islam<\/em>, 2. Aufl. Brill, Leiden 1965.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Henninger, Joseph: <em>Geisterglaube bei den vorislamischen Arabern<\/em>. In: <em>Festschrift Paul Schebesta<\/em>, Wien 1963.<\/span><\/li><li>Doutt\u00e9, Edmond: <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u85c9\u7531\u7279\u5b9a\u884c\u70ba\u6216\u5492\u8a9e\u8a66\u5716\u4ecb\u5165\u4e8b\u7269\u904b\u884c\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5deb\u8853<\/span> et religion dans l&#8217;Afrique du Nord<\/em>. Algier 1909.<\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Lebling, Robert: <em>Legends of the Fire Spirits<\/em>. I.B. Tauris, London 2010.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Burge, Stephen R.: <em>Angels in Islam<\/em>. Routledge, London 2012.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-marid-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-marid-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-marid\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-marid-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-marid-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">\u672c\u6587\u6240\u8ff0\u7684\u8b77\u8eab\u50b3\u7d71\u5c6c\u65bc\u5c0d\u6b77\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u6027\u68b3\u7406\u3002iWell Guard 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