{"id":163146,"date":"2026-09-05T11:20:53","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T11:20:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=163146"},"modified":"2026-09-05T11:33:22","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T11:33:22","slug":"preta","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/preta\/","title":{"rendered":"Preta\uff08\u9913\u9b3c\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"163146\" class=\"elementor elementor-163146 elementor-1208\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" 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data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u4e00\u89bd\uff1aPreta\uff08\u9913\u9b3c\uff09<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u985e\u578b\uff1a<\/strong> \u9913\u9b3c\uff0c\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u7684\u8f49\u751f\u5f62\u614b<br>\u8d77\u6e90\uff1a\u6173\u541d\u3001\u5ac9\u5992\u3001\u8caa\u5a6a\u3001\u4fb5\u541e\u5e03\u65bd\u6240\u62db\u81f4\u7684\u696d\u5831<br>\u5178\u7c4d\uff1a\u300a\u9913\u9b3c\u4e8b\u7d93\u300b\uff08\u5df4\u5229\u8a9e\uff09\u3001\u300a\u76c2\u862d\u76c6<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" 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class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6587\u737b\u5e74\u4ee3<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u897f\u5143\u524d3\u4e16\u7d00\u8d77\uff0c\u65bc\u5df4\u5229<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u67d0\u5b97\u6559\u88ab\u516c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5177\u6b0a\u5a01\u6027\u7684\u8056\u5178\u5f59\u7de8\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4e09\u85cf<\/span>\u4e2d\u4ee5\u300a\u9913\u9b3c\u4e8b\u7d93\u300b\u8a73\u52a0\u95e1\u8ff0\u3002<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u5927\u4e58\uff1a\u4f5b\u6559\u4e09\u5927\u4e3b\u8981\u50b3\u7d71\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u83e9\u85a9\u7406\u60f3\u3002\">\u5927\u4e58<\/span>\u4f5b\u6559\u85c9\u300a\u76c2\u862d\u76c6<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8207\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u7c21\u660e\u627c\u8981\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\u6587\u672c\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7d93<\/span>\u300b\uff08\u7d04\u897f\u5143\u521d\u5e74\u6210\u66f8\uff0c\u897f\u51433\u4e16\u7d00\u8b6f\u70ba\u4e2d\u6587\uff09\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u64f4\u5c55\u6b64\u89c0\u5ff5\u3002\u76c2\u862d\u76c6\u7bc0\u65bc\u4e2d\u570b\u5510\u4ee3\u8d77\u78ba\u7acb\uff0c\u65bc\u65e5\u672c\u5948\u826f\u6642\u4ee3\u8d77\u4ee5\u300cObon\u300d\u4e4b\u540d\u6d41\u50b3\u3002\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u5ef6\u7e8c\u4e0d\u65b7\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5206\u5e03\u7bc4\u570d<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u4e0a\u5ea7\u90e8\u4f5b\u6559\uff1a\u65af\u91cc\u862d\u5361\u3001\u6cf0\u570b\u3001\u7dec\u7538\u3001\u5bee\u570b\u3001\u67ec\u57d4\u5be8\uff08\u7576\u5730\u8207\u672c\u571f\u7956\u5148\u5d07\u62dc\u76f8\u7d50\u5408\uff09\u3002\u5927\u4e58\u4f5b\u6559\uff1a\u4e2d\u570b\u3001\u97d3\u570b\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u3001\u8d8a\u5357\uff08\u7576\u5730\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5c24\u70ba\u6d3b\u8e8d\uff09\u3002<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u300c\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u300d\uff1b\u5bc6\u6559\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5927\u4e58\u4f5b\u6559\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u898b\u65bc\u897f\u85cf\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u70ba\u672c\u5c0a\u4fee\u6cd5\u8207\u5492\u8a9e\u6280\u8853\u3002\">\u91d1\u525b\u4e58<\/span>\uff1a\u897f\u85cf\u3001\u8499\u53e4\u3002\u5308\u7259\u5229\u3001\u8499\u53e4\u3001\u54c8\u85a9\u514b\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u793e\u7fa4\u3002\u7576\u4ee3\u5168\u7403\u5404\u5730\u7684\u50d1\u6c11\u793e\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6587\u737b\u73fe\u72c0<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u300a\u9913\u9b3c\u4e8b\u7d93\u300b\uff08\u5df4\u5229\u8a9e\uff0c\u5c6c\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5929\u5bae\u4e8b\u7d93\u300b\uff08\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c0d\u7167\u7684\u88dc\u5145\u6587\u672c\uff09\u3001\u300a\u76c2\u862d\u76c6<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8207\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u4e00\u7a2e\u7c21\u660e\u627c\u8981\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\u6587\u672c\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7d93<\/span>\u300b\uff08\u68b5\u6587\uff0f\u4e2d\u6587\uff09\u3001\u300a\u672c\u751f\u7d93\u300b\u3001\u85cf\u50b3\u5ea6\u4ea1\u7d93\u50b3\u7d71\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u95dc\u65bc\u76c2\u862d\u76c6\u7bc0\u7684\u7576\u4ee3\u6c11\u65cf\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u540d\u7a31\u8207\u8b8a\u9ad4<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u68b5\u6587\uff1a<\/strong> <em>preta<\/em>\uff1b\u5df4\u5229\u8a9e <em>peta<\/em>\uff1b\u9670\u6027\u5f62\u5f0f <em>pretani<\/em>\u3002<br>\u4e2d\u6587\uff1a\u9913\u9b3c\uff08<em>E Gui<\/em>\uff0c\u610f\u70ba\u300c\u98e2\u9913\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u7a2e\u7121\u5f62\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u80fd\u5728\u4e16\u9593\u767c\u63ee\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u9748\u9ad4<\/span>\u300d\uff09\u3002<br>\u65e5\u6587\uff1a<em>Gaki<\/em>\uff08\u9913\u9b3c\uff09\u3002<br>\u85cf\u6587\uff1a<em>yidag<\/em>\u3002<br>\u8a5e\u6e90\uff1a\u6e90\u81ea <em>pra-i<\/em>\uff0c\u610f\u70ba\u300c\u524d\u884c\u300d\uff0c\u539f\u610f\u70ba\u300c\u4ea1\u8005\u300d\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u5c08\u6307\u9913\u9b3c\u9019\u4e00\u985e\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u500b\u8a5e\u7684\u6f14\u8b8a\u904e\u7a0b\u6975\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\uff1a\u5728\u5420\u9640\u6642\u671f\uff0c<em>preta<\/em> \u50c5\u6307\u8655\u65bc\u8f2a\u8ff4\u8f49\u751f\u4e4b\u9593\u904e\u6e21\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u4ea1\u8005\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u5247\u5c0d\u5176\u52a0\u4ee5\u7d30\u5206\uff1a\u67d0\u4e9b\u4ea1\u8005\u4f9d\u5176<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u3001\u4f5b\u6559\u8207\u8006\u90a3\u6559\u4e2d\u56e0\u679c\u696d\u5831\u7684\u6cd5\u5247\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u70ba\u7686\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5176\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u72c0\u614b\u3002\">\u696d<\/span>\u529b\u800c\u8f49\u751f\u70ba\u9913\u9b3c\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u7d30\u5206\uff0c\u9010\u6f38\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u9913\u9b3c\u9019\u4e00\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u985e\u5225\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u7279\u5fb5<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u5916\u8c8c<\/strong><\/p><p>\u80a5\u5927\u9f13\u8139\u7684\u8179\u90e8,\u53e3\u5c0f\u5982\u91dd\u773c\u3001\u5589\u5982\u7d30\u91dd,\u56db\u80a2\u7d30\u7626\u3002\u76ee\u5149\u98e2\u9913\u8caa\u5a6a,\u5e38\u53e3\u5410\u706b\u7130(\u6240\u6709\u98f2\u98df\u7686\u5316\u70ba\u706b)\u3002\u4f9d\u50b3\u7d71\u60e1\u9b54\u5b78\u5206\u985e,\u9913\u9b3c\u5171\u6709\u4e09\u5341\u516d\u985e,\u5404\u6709\u5176\u7279\u6709\u7684\u82e6\u96e3\u3002<\/p><p><strong>\u884c\u70ba<\/strong><\/p><p>\u4e0d\u65b7\u5c0b\u627e\u98df\u7269,\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u9032\u98df\u3002\u88ab\u8a5b\u5492\u6c38\u9060\u98e2\u9913\u3002\u6240\u898b\u4e4b\u6c34\u5316\u70ba\u81bf\u6db2,\u6240\u898b\u4e4b\u98df\u7269\u71c3\u71d2\u6b86\u76e1\u3002\u6703\u88ab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u737b\u7d66\u795e\u660e\u4ee5\u8868\u9054\u611f\u8b1d\u3001\u7948\u6c42\u6216\u5d07\u656c\u7684\u4f9b\u54c1\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4f9b\u54c1<\/span>\u7684\u6c23\u5473\u5438\u5f15\u524d\u4f86\u3002<\/p><p><strong>\u4f5c\u7528\u7bc4\u570d<\/strong><\/p><p>\u5728\u4f5b\u6559<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u67d0\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u95dc\u65bc\u4e16\u754c\u7d50\u69cb\u8207\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5b87\u5b99\u89c0<\/span>\u4e2d\u6709\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u9913\u9b3c\u9053(Pretaloka),\u8207\u4eba\u985e\u4e16\u754c\u5171\u4eab\u7a7a\u9593,\u4f46\u611f\u77e5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u591a\u51fa\u73fe\u65bc\u5176\u524d\u4e16\u751f\u6d3b\u5834\u6240\u9644\u8fd1\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d,\u65bc\u8fb2\u66c6\u4e03\u6708\u5f9e\u9670\u9593\u300c\u653e\u51fa\u300d\u3002<\/p><p><strong>\u795e\u8a71\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/strong><\/p><p>\u4e26\u975e\u5275\u9020\u4e4b\u7269,\u800c\u662f\u8f2a\u8ff4\u8f49\u4e16\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u6e90\u65bc\u8caa\u5a6a\u3001\u5ac9\u5992\u3001\u76dc\u53d6\u65bd\u6368\u3001\u6feb\u7528\u5b97\u6559\u4f9b\u7269\u7b49\u60e1\u696d\u3002\u9913\u9b3c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6642\u9593\u9577\u77ed\u53d6\u6c7a\u65bc\u696d\u5831\u7684\u8f15\u91cd,\u901a\u5e38\u6975\u70ba\u9577\u4e45,\u90e8\u5206\u7d93\u6587\u751a\u81f3\u4ee5\u52ab(Kalpas)\u8a08\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6a94\u6848:\u9913\u9b3c<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u9913\u9b3c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9762\u5411\u4e00\u89bd\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u8d77\u6e90<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u56e0\u8caa\u5a6a\u3001\u5ac9\u5992\u3001\u6feb\u7528\u4f9b\u7269\u800c\u8f2a\u8ff4\u8f49\u751f\u3002\u4e26\u975e\u5275\u9020\u4e4b\u7269,\u800c\u662f\u4f5b\u6559<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u67d0\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u95dc\u65bc\u4e16\u754c\u7d50\u69cb\u8207\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5b87\u5b99\u89c0<\/span>\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u5b58\u5728\u5f62\u614b\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u9913\u9b3c\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u66fe\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u3001\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4e86\u8ca0\u9762\u696d\u5831\u8005\u3002\u5728\u5f8c\u671f\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d,\u4e5f\u8207\u7279\u5b9a\u5730\u9ede\u53ca\u5bb6\u65cf\u76f8\u95dc\u806f(\u7956\u5148\u9913\u9b3c)\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5f62\u614b<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u80a5\u5927\u9f13\u8139\u7684\u8179\u90e8,\u53e3\u5c0f\u5982\u91dd,\u5589\u5982\u7d30\u91dd,\u56db\u80a2\u7d30\u7626\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u53e3\u5410\u706b\u7130\u3002\u5171\u4e09\u5341\u516d\u985e,\u5404\u6709\u5176\u82e6\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u529f\u80fd<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u6c38\u9060\u98e2\u9913,\u7121\u6cd5\u9032\u98df\u3002\u56e0\u8caa\u5ff5\u800c\u7cfe\u7e8f\u751f\u8005,\u6703\u88ab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u737b\u7d66\u795e\u660e\u4ee5\u8868\u9054\u611f\u8b1d\u3001\u7948\u6c42\u6216\u5d07\u656c\u7684\u4f9b\u54c1\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4f9b\u54c1<\/span>\u5438\u5f15\u524d\u4f86\u3002\u82e5\u5bb6\u65cf\u758f\u65bc\u796d\u7956,\u53ef\u80fd\u62db\u81f4\u75be\u75c5\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5b88\u8b77<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u4f9b\u990a\u8207\u76c2\u862d\u76c6<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5177\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u6587\u5316\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u8c61\u5fb5\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5100\u5f0f<\/span>(\u91dd\u5c0d\u6307\u540d\u7d00\u5ff5\u7684\u9913\u9b3c)\u3001\u8aa6\u8b80\u76c2\u862d\u76c6<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8207\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u7c21\u7df4\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\u7d93\u6587\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7d93<\/span>\u3001\u4f9b\u5949\u6c34\u8207\u7c73\u3002\u5728<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u91d1\u525b\u4e58;\u5927\u4e58\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u5bc6\u7e8c\u5f62\u5f0f,\u4e3b\u8981\u76db\u884c\u65bc\u897f\u85cf,\u4ee5\u672c\u5c0a\u4fee\u884c\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\">\u91d1\u525b\u4e58<\/span>\u4e2d:\u65bd\u884c\u6735\u746a(Tsok)<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5177\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u6587\u5316\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u8c61\u5fb5\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5100\u5f0f<\/span>,\u5c07<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u737b\u7d66\u795e\u660e\u4ee5\u8868\u9054\u611f\u8b1d\u3001\u7948\u6c42\u6216\u5d07\u656c\u7684\u4f9b\u54c1\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4f9b\u54c1<\/span>\u5206\u4eab\u7d66\u4e00\u5207\u773e\u751f\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u9913\u9b3c\u7684\u5c0d\u61c9\u5b58\u5728<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u60e1\u9b3c(\u4e2d\u570b)\u3001\u9913\u9b3c(\u65e5\u672c,Gaki)\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163083\">\u57c3\u8fea\u59c6(Edimmu)<\/a>\u3001\u7562\u820d\u906e(Pishacha)\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7149\u7344\u610f\u8c61\u7b49,\u7686\u70ba\u7d50\u69cb\u4e0a\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u904e\u6e21\u9748\u9b42\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5100\u5f0f\u8207\u7bc0\u65e5<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u76c2\u862d\u76c6\u7bc0\/\u9913\u9b3c\u7bc0<\/strong><\/p><p>\u4f9d<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e16\u4ee3\u76f8\u50b3\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u6558\u4e8b\u7684\u50b3\u627f\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u50b3\u8aaa<\/span>,\u8fb2\u66c6\u4e03\u6708\u51a5\u754c\u4e4b\u9580\u5927\u958b,\u9913\u9b3c\u9032\u5165\u4eba\u9593\u3002\u4fe1\u773e\u737b\u4e0a<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u737b\u7d66\u795e\u660e\u4ee5\u8868\u9054\u611f\u8b1d\u3001\u7948\u6c42\u6216\u5d07\u656c\u7684\u4f9b\u54c1\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4f9b\u54c1<\/span>\u3001\u8aa6\u7d93\u3001\u8a2d\u58c7\u3002\u4f5b\u6559\u8207\u9053\u6559\u50b3\u7d71\u76f8\u4e92\u878d\u5408,\u5f62\u6210\u6771\u4e9e\u898f\u6a21\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6c11\u9593\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7bc0\u6176\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p><p><strong>\u65e5\u672c\u76c2\u862d\u76c6\u7bc0(Obon)<\/strong><\/p><p>\u5728\u76c2\u862d\u76c6\u671f\u9593(\u901a\u5e38\u70ba8\u670813\u65e5\u81f316\u65e5)\u8fce\u63a5\u7956\u5148\u6b78\u4f86\u3002\u8209\u884c\u76c6\u821e\u3001\u9580\u524d\u71c3\u706b\u3001\u6383\u5893\u796d\u7956\u3002\u8207\u6bcd\u89aa\u6551\u8d16(\u76ee\u9023\/Maudgalyayana<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u95dc\u65bc\u795e\u660e\u3001\u8d77\u6e90\u8207\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u6d41\u50b3\u6558\u4e8b\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u8a71<\/span>)\u7684\u806f\u7e6b\u5145\u6eff\u60c5\u611f\u8272\u5f69\u3002<\/p><p><strong>\u65e5\u5e38<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5177\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u6587\u5316\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u898f\u7bc4\u5316\u8c61\u5fb5\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5100\u5f0f<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p>\u5728\u5357\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559(Theravada)\u4e2d:\u65bc\u6258\u9262(Pindapata)\u7528\u9f4b\u6642\u5411\u9913\u9b3c\u737b\u6c34\u3002\u5728\u91d1\u525b\u4e58\u4e2d:\u711a\u71d2\u6851\u7159<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u737b\u7d66\u795e\u660e\u4ee5\u8868\u9054\u611f\u8b1d\u3001\u7948\u6c42\u6216\u5d07\u656c\u7684\u4f9b\u54c1\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4f9b\u54c1<\/span>(Sur),\u6bcf\u65e5\u300c\u65bd\u98df\u9913\u9b3c\u300d\u70ba\u4f9b\u990a\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5728\u5927\u4e58\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d:\u5c07\u4ea1\u8005\u59d3\u540d\u5448\u5831\u5bfa\u9662,\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5b9a\u671f\u8aa6\u8b80<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8207\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u7c21\u7df4\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u7fa9\u7d93\u6587\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7d93\u6587<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u76f8\u4f3c\u5f62\u8c61\u8207\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a6e\u91cb<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u7684\u98e2\u9913\u5e7d\u9748<\/strong><\/p><p>\u60e1\u9b3c(\u4e2d\u570b)\u3001\u9913\u9b3c(\u65e5\u672c,Gaki)\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5c0d\u61c9\u7684\u7ffb\u8b6f,\u4e5f\u662f\u6771\u4e9e\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u540c\u4e00\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8868\u73fe\u3002\u7562\u820d\u906e(\u5370\u5ea6\u6559,Pishacha)\u8207\u5176\u5171\u4eab\u98e2\u9913<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u85dd\u8853\u6216\u6558\u4e8b\u4e2d\u53cd\u8986\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u5143\u7d20\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4e3b\u984c<\/span>,\u4e26\u5177\u6709\u98df\u5c4d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163083\">\u57c3\u8fea\u59c6(Edimmu)<\/a>\u8207\u7f85\u99ac\u7684\u96f7\u7a46\u745e\u65af(Lemures)\u5728\u7d50\u69cb\u4e0a\u7686\u70ba\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u904e\u6e21\u9748\u9b42\u3002<\/p><p><strong>\u5fc3\u7406\u8207\u751f\u614b\u7684\u8a6e\u91cb:<\/strong>\u73fe\u4ee3\u4f5b\u6559\u5c0e\u5e2b(\u5982\u4e00\u884c\u79aa\u5e2b)\u4e5f\u5f9e\u5fc3\u7406\u5c64\u9762\u89e3\u8b80\u9913\u9b3c:\u5373\u4f7f\u64c1\u6709\u7269\u8cea\u8ca1\u5bcc,\u4ecd\u8655\u65bc\u6c38\u6046\u4e0d\u6eff\u8db3\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u5f9e\u751f\u614b\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b,\u9913\u9b3c\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u7121\u6b62\u76e1\u6d88\u8cbb\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5,\u662f\u7576\u4ee3\u6975\u5177\u8aaa\u670d\u529b\u7684\u6559\u5316\u5f62\u8c61\u3002<\/p><p><strong>\u6d41\u884c\u6587\u5316:<\/strong>\u65e5\u672c\u52d5\u6f2b\u8207\u6f2b\u756b\u7d93\u5e38\u5f15\u7528\u300c\u9913\u9b3c\u300d(Gaki)\u7684\u610f\u8c61\u3002\u9913\u9b3c\u7bc0\u96d6\u5df2\u5546\u696d\u5316,\u4f46\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u4e0a\u4ecd\u5177\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u7fa9\u3002\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u5947\u5e7b\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d,\u9913\u9b3c\u88ab\u6539\u7de8\u70ba\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u602a\u7269\u5f62\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp26fd4bd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp26fd4bd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2ca3f66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2ca3f66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u696d\u5831\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\u5c0d\u9913\u9b3c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u89e3\u91cb<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb5a782f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpb5a782f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf49c5ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpf49c5ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5728\u4f5b\u6559\u5b87\u5b99\u89c0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6295\u751f\u70ba<em>\u9913\u9b3c<\/em>\uff08preta\uff0c\u5df4\u5229\u6587\u4f5c<em>peta<\/em>\uff09\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u660e\u78ba\u884c\u70ba\u6240\u5c0e\u81f4\u7684\u679c\u5831\u3002\u50cf\u300a<em>\u9913\u9b3c\u4e8b\u300b\uff08Petavatthu\uff09<\/em>\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6587\u737b\u2014\u2014\u5df4\u5229\u4e09\u85cf\u5c0f\u90e8\uff08Khuddaka Nikaya\uff09\u4e2d\u6536\u9304\u4e94\u5341\u4e00\u5247\u9b3c\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u7d93\u96c6\u2014\u2014\u5927\u591a\u5c07\u6295\u751f\u9913\u9b3c\u9053\u6b78\u56e0\u65bc\u541d\u55c7\u3001\u8caa\u5a6a\u3001\u62d2\u7d55\u5e03\u65bd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u8ca7\u56f0\u8005\u4e0d\u4e88\u4ee5\u98df\u7269\u3002<\/p><p>\u61f2\u7f70\u6620\u7167\u8457\u884c\u70ba\u672c\u8eab\uff1a\u751f\u524d\u4e00\u7121\u6240\u65bd\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u5316\u70ba\u54bd\u7d30\u5982\u91dd\u3001\u8179\u5927\u5982\u9f13\u3001\u6c38\u96e3\u98fd\u8db3\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u61c9\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e26\u975e\u5076\u7136\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u696d\u5831\u6559\u7fa9\u7684\u9ad4\u73fe\uff1a\u696d\u529b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u8207\u5176\u6210\u56e0\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u76f8\u7b26\u3002\u300a<em>\u9913\u9b3c\u4e8b\u300b<\/em>\u4e2d\u8a18\u8f09\u4e86\u66fe\u4ee5\u8150\u58de\u98df\u7269\u6b3e\u5f85\u8cd3\u5ba2\u7684\u5a66\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u81ea\u5df1\u5fc5\u9808\u541e\u98df\u81bf\u8840\u8207\u7cde\u4fbf\uff1b\u4e5f\u8a18\u8f09\u4e86\u66fe\u8fb1\u7f75\u50e7\u4fb6\u7684\u7537\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u53e3\u8154\u8150\u721b\uff0c\u56db\u8655\u904a\u8569\u3002<\/p><p>\u6cd5\u8b77\uff08Dhammapala\uff09\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u8a3b\u91cb\u300a<em>\u9913\u9b3c\u4e8b\u91cb\u7fa9<\/em>\uff08Petavatthu-atthakatha\uff09\u300b\u70ba\u6bcf\u5247\u6545\u4e8b\u90fd\u5c0d\u61c9\u5230\u5177\u9ad4\u7684\u904e\u932f\uff0c\u4f7f\u9019\u90e8\u7d93\u96c6\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u90e8\u9053\u5fb7\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u3002<\/p><p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u9913\u9b3c\u9053\u7684\u6642\u9650\u6027\u3002\u8207\u5730\u7344\u9053\u4e0d\u540c\u2014\u2014\u5730\u7344\u96d6\u6b77\u6642\u6975\u9577\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6a23\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u2014\u2014\u9913\u9b3c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u72c0\u614b\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u6b98\u5b58\u7684\u5584\u696d\uff0c\u6216\u7531\u5728\u4e16\u8005\u505a\u529f\u5fb7\u8ff4\u5411\u800c\u7e2e\u77ed\u3002<\/p><p>\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u9913\u9b3c\u9053\u5728\u516d\u9053\u4e4b\u4e2d\u5c45\u65bc\u4e2d\u9593\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ecb\u65bc\u5730\u7344\u9053\u8207\u755c\u751f\u9053\u4e4b\u9593\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5331\u4e4f\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e3b\u52d5\u65bd\u52a0\u9177\u5211\u4e4b\u8655\u3002<\/p><p>\u4f5b\u6559\u502b\u7406\u7531\u6b64\u5f15\u7533\u51fa\u96d9\u91cd\u6559\u8aa8\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9913\u9b3c\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u7528\u4ee5\u8b66\u6212\u541d\u55c7\u4e4b\u5fc3\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u6210\u70ba\u4f48\u65bd\uff08<em>dana<\/em>\uff09\u9019\u4e00\u6838\u5fc3\u4fee\u884c\u7684\u4f9d\u64da\uff1a\u6177\u6168\u4f48\u65bd\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u907f\u514d\u6295\u751f\u9913\u9b3c\u9053\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002<\/p><p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9913\u9b3c\u8207\u5176\u8aaa\u662f\u6050\u6016\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8aaa\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6559\u8aa8\u6027\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u85c9\u4ee5\u751f\u52d5\u5448\u73fe\u884c\u70ba\u8207\u679c\u5831\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9f2f2ce e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9f2f2ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf68fe07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpf68fe07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u76c2\u862d\u76c6\u7bc0\u8207\u529f\u5fb7\u8f49\u8d08<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp11fbd0f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp11fbd0f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6817619 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp6817619\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5c0d\u9913\u9b3c\u9032\u884c\u5100\u5f0f\u6027\u4f9b\u990a,\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u4e14\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5176\u7d93\u5178\u4f9d\u64da\u898b\u65bc\u5df4\u5229\u8a9e\u300a\u5c0f\u90e8\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u300a<em>\u7246\u5916\u7d93\u300b(Tirokudda Sutta)<\/em>,\u4f5b\u9640\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u89e3\u91cb:\u82e5\u4ee5\u5df2\u6545\u89aa\u5c6c\u4e4b\u540d\u5411\u50e7\u5718\u5949\u737b\u4f9b\u54c1,\u4fbf\u80fd\u5229\u76ca\u8f49\u751f\u70ba\u9913\u9b3c\u7684\u89aa\u4eba\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u4e00\u6a5f\u5236\u7a31\u70ba\u529f\u5fb7\u8f49\u8d08(<em>pattidana<\/em>):\u751f\u8005\u900f\u904e\u5584\u884c\u7a4d\u7d2f\u529f\u5fb7,\u4e26\u660e\u78ba\u5c07\u5176\u8ff4\u5411\u7d66\u4ea1\u8005,\u4ea1\u8005\u56e0\u6b64\u5fc3\u751f\u6b61\u559c,\u5f97\u4ee5\u89e3\u812b\u5176\u82e6\u3002<\/p><p>\u7531\u6b64\u89c0\u5ff5,\u5728\u6771\u4e9e\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u76db\u5927\u7684\u76c2\u862d\u76c6\u7bc0\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u7a31\u70ba<em>\u76c2\u862d\u76c6<\/em>,\u65bc\u8fb2\u66c6\u4e03\u6708\u8209\u884c;\u5728\u65e5\u672c\u7a31\u70ba<em>\u76c2\u862d\u76c6<\/em>(Obon)\u3002<\/p><p>\u5176\u4f9d\u64da\u70ba\u300a<em>\u76c2\u862d\u76c6<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8207\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d,\u4e00\u7a2e\u7c21\u660e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6559\u8aa8\u6587\u672c\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7d93<\/span><\/em>\u300b,\u8b1b\u8ff0\u76ee\u728d\u9023(Maudgalyayana)\u7684\u6545\u4e8b:\u4ed6\u4ee5\u795e\u901a\u4e4b\u773c\u770b\u898b\u4ea1\u6bcd\u58ae\u5165\u9913\u9b3c\u9053\u53d7\u82e6,\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u6191\u4e00\u5df1\u4e4b\u529b\u6551\u5ea6\u5979,\u552f\u6709\u900f\u904e\u96e8\u5b63\u7d50\u675f\u6642\u5168\u9ad4\u50e7\u5718\u5171\u540c\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5949\u737b\u7d66\u795e\u660e\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u7269\u54c1\u6216\u98df\u7269\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4f9b\u990a<\/span>,\u65b9\u80fd\u4f7f\u5979\u89e3\u812b\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u500b\u7bc0\u65e5\u5c07\u5b5d\u9053\u8207\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u6551\u5ea6\u908f\u8f2f\u7d50\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d,\u7bc0\u65e5\u671f\u9593\u4eba\u5011\u9673\u8a2d\u98df\u7269\u3001\u98f2\u6599\u8207\u8c61\u5fb5\u6027\u7684\u7d19\u9322,\u8aa6\u7d93\u4e26\u9ede\u71c8\u3002\u5728\u65af\u91cc\u862d\u5361\u8207\u6771\u5357\u4e9e\u7684\u5357\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d,\u4e5f\u6709\u4ee5\u4ea1\u8005\u4e4b\u540d\u5411\u50e7\u773e\u5e03\u65bd\u7684\u76f8\u61c9\u7fd2\u4fd7,\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u4ea1\u8005\u53bb\u4e16\u5f8c\u7b2c\u4e03\u5929\u3001\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u53ca\u4e00\u5e74\u6642\u8209\u884c\u3002<\/p><p>\u85cf\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559\u5247\u6709<em>\u7168\u6851<\/em>(sur)\u9019\u4e00<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5177\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u6587\u5316\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u898f\u7bc4\u6027\u8c61\u5fb5\u884c\u70ba\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5100\u5f0f<\/span>,\u5373\u711a\u71d2\u98df\u7269\u7522\u751f\u7159\u4f9b,\u5176\u9999\u6c23\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ecb\u990a\u9913\u9b3c,\u56e0\u70ba\u7260\u5011\u54bd\u5589\u72f9\u7a84,\u7121\u6cd5\u541e\u98df\u56fa\u9ad4\u98df\u7269\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u4e9b\u5100\u5f0f\u8868\u660e,\u5728\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u88e1,\u9913\u9b3c\u4e26\u975e\u4e00\u500b\u9059\u9060\u7684\u6559\u8aa8\u5f62\u8c61,\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8207\u4eba\u6301\u7e8c\u4fdd\u6301\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4ea1\u8005\u4ecd\u662f\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206,\u5c0d\u5176\u4f9b\u990a\u4e43\u662f\u5728\u4e16\u89aa\u4eba\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe6c2679 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpe6c2679\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp463f07c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp463f07c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u751f\u547d\u4e4b\u8f2a\u4e2d\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u8868\u73fe<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb0d1ef8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpb0d1ef8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp072efc4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp072efc4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u9913\u9b3c\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u51fa\u73fe\u5728<em>bhavachakra<\/em>(\u751f\u547d\u4e4b\u8f2a)\u4e2d,\u9019\u662f\u88dd\u98fe\u8a31\u591a\u85cf\u50b3\u4f5b\u6559\u5bfa\u9662\u5165\u53e3\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u3002\u9019\u500b\u5713\u5f62\u5716\u6848\u88ab\u5206\u70ba\u516d\u500b\u5340\u57df,\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u5373\u63cf\u7e6a\u9913\u9b3c\u9053\u3002<\/p><p>\u5176\u5716\u50cf\u8868\u73fe\u9075\u5faa\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u50b3\u7d71:\u56db\u80a2\u7d30\u7626,\u8179\u90e8\u816b\u8139,\u9838\u9805\u7d30\u9577,\u53e3\u90e8\u5fae\u5c0f,\u5e38\u5c0f\u5982\u91dd\u773c\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u8eab\u9ad4\u69cb\u9020\u4f7f\u61f2\u7f70\u4ee5\u5177\u9ad4\u5f62\u8c61\u5448\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\u2014\u2014\u98e2\u9913\u6c38\u7121\u6b62\u606f,\u56e0\u70ba\u8eab\u9ad4\u6839\u672c\u7121\u6cd5\u5438\u6536\u98df\u7269\u3002<\/p><p>\u756b\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5e38\u898b\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f5b\u9640\u73fe\u8eab\u65bc\u9913\u9b3c\u4e4b\u524d,\u70ba\u7260\u5011\u50b3\u6388\u7642\u7652\u7684\u6559\u6cd5\u6216\u65bd\u4e88\u98df\u7269\u3002\u9019\u4e00\u5f62\u8c61\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u7d05\u8272\u6216\u9ec3\u8272\u5448\u73fe,\u610f\u5473\u8457\u5373\u4fbf\u5728\u9913\u9b3c\u9053\u4e2d,\u901a\u5411\u89e3\u812b\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e5f\u4e26\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u5c01\u9589\u3002<\/p><p>\u9913\u9b3c\u9053\u7684\u666f\u8c61\u5448\u73fe\u70ba\u4e7e\u6db8\u8352\u856a\u7684\u5e73\u539f,\u5176\u9593\u5076\u6709\u6cb3\u6d41,\u4f46\u4e00\u65e6\u5617\u8a66\u98f2\u7528,\u4fbf\u5316\u70ba\u81bf\u8840\u6216\u70c8\u706b\u3002<\/p><p>\u85cf\u6587\u5178\u7c4d\u5c0d\u9913\u9b3c\u4f5c\u4e86\u66f4\u7d30\u81f4\u7684\u5206\u985e\u3002\u4e00\u7a2e\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5340\u5206\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c07\u9913\u9b3c\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u985e:\u4e00\u985e\u53d7\u5916\u5728\u969c\u7919\u6240\u56f0,\u6839\u672c\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u98df\u7269;\u4e00\u985e\u53d7\u5167\u5728\u969c\u7919\u6240\u56f0,\u8eab\u9ad4\u7121\u6cd5\u5438\u6536\u98df\u7269;\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u985e,\u5176\u98df\u7269\u672c\u8eab\u5373\u662f\u6298\u78e8\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u5206\u985e\u9ad4\u7cfb\u53ef\u898b\u65bc\u5ca1\u6ce2\u5df4(Gampopa)\u5341\u4e8c\u4e16\u7d00\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a<em>\u89e3\u812b\u5bf6\u98fe\u300b(\u89e3\u812b\u838a\u56b4\u5bf6\u8ad6)<\/em>\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u6771\u4e9e\u85dd\u8853\u4e2d,\u9913\u9b3c\u5f62\u8c61\u4e5f\u51fa\u73fe\u65bc\u751f\u547d\u4e4b\u8f2a\u4e4b\u5916\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u5e73\u5b89\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u756b\u5377\u300a<em>\u9913\u9b3c\u8349\u7d19\u300b(Gaki-zoshi)<\/em>,\u5982\u4eca\u6536\u85cf\u65bc\u6771\u4eac\u8207\u4eac\u90fd\u7684\u535a\u7269\u9928\u4e2d,\u4ee5\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5834\u666f\u63cf\u7e6a\u9913\u9b3c\u5f98\u5f8a\u65bc\u5893\u5730\u3001\u5ec1\u6240\u8207\u796d\u7940\u5834\u6240,\u8207\u5e38\u4eba\u5171\u8655\u537b\u4e0d\u88ab\u5bdf\u89ba\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u5e45\u756b\u5377\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u65e5\u672c\u4e2d\u4e16\u7e6a\u756b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00,\u4e5f\u8b49\u5be6\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u89c0\u5ff5\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u624e\u6839\u4e4b\u6df1\u3001\u4e4b\u5177\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp653e979 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp653e979\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf700548 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpf700548\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u4f5b\u6559\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u8207\u5420\u9640\u6642\u671f\u7684\u9913\u9b3c(preta)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa99ec33 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpa99ec33\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8d0367b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp8d0367b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>preta<\/em>\u4e00\u8a5e\u4e26\u975e\u6e90\u81ea\u4f5b\u6559,\u800c\u662f\u4f86\u81ea\u5370\u5ea6\u66f4\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u8a5e\u5f59\u3002\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u601d\u662f\u300c\u5148\u884c\u8005\u300d\u6216\u300c\u5df2\u96e2\u4e16\u8005\u300d,\u7531\u524d\u7db4<em>pra<\/em>\u8207\u610f\u70ba\u300c\u884c\u8d70\u300d\u7684\u8a5e\u6839\u7d44\u6210\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u5420\u9640\u7d93\u5178\u53ca\u65e9\u671f\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6587\u737b\u4e2d,<em>preta<\/em>\u6700\u521d\u55ae\u7d14\u6307\u525b\u525b\u53bb\u4e16\u3001\u8655\u65bc\u904e\u6e21\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u4eba,\u4ed6\u5fc5\u9808\u7d93\u904e\u55aa\u846c\u5100\u5f0f\u624d\u80fd\u8f49\u5316\u70ba<em>pitr<\/em>,\u5373\u7956\u5148\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u4e00\u8f49\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u7684\u5100\u8ecc\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e2d\u6709\u56b4\u683c\u898f\u7bc4\u3002<em>shraddha<\/em>\u796d,\u5373\u737b\u7d66\u4ea1\u8005\u7684\u98df\u7269\u4f9b\u990a,\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5f15\u5c0e\u6f02\u6cca\u4e0d\u5b9a\u7684Preta\u9032\u5165\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u7956\u5148\u7fa4\u9ad4\u3002<\/p><p>\u82e5\u9019\u4e9b\u5100\u5f0f\u672a\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210,\u6216\u6b7b\u8005\u6b7b\u65bc\u51f6\u6b7b,\u4ea1\u8005\u4fbf\u53ef\u80fd\u6c38\u9060\u505c\u7559\u5728\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684Preta\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u4f9d\u6b64\u89c0\u5ff5,Preta\u4e26\u975e\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u9818\u57df,\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u6bb5\u5371\u96aa\u7684\u904e\u6e21\u968e\u6bb5,\u5fc5\u9808\u900f\u904e\u6b63\u78ba\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u5957\u5177\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u6587\u5316\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5100\u5f0f<\/span>\u624d\u80fd\u7d50\u675f\u3002<\/p><p>\u4f5b\u6559\u627f\u8972\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u8a5e,\u4f46\u8ce6\u4e88\u5176\u65b0\u7684\u610f\u6db5\u3002\u539f\u672c\u66ab\u6642\u6027\u7684\u904e\u6e21\u72c0\u614b,\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u8f2a\u8ff4\u516d\u9053\u4e2d\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u4e00\u9053,\u773e\u751f\u56e0\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u696d\u529b\u800c\u5b8c\u5168\u6295\u751f\u5176\u4e2d\u3002<\/p><p>\u8207\u55aa\u846c\u5100\u5f0f\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u4f9d\u7136\u4fdd\u7559,\u4f46\u91cd\u5fc3\u5df2\u5f9e\u300c\u5275\u9020\u7956\u5148\u300d\u7684\u7fa9\u52d9,\u8f49\u70ba\u300c\u5c07\u529f\u5fb7\u8f49\u65bd\u7d66\u53d7\u82e6\u773e\u751f\u300d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u500b\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6839\u6e90\u89e3\u91cb\u4e86\u70ba\u4f55\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u8207\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u55aa\u846c\u7fd2\u4fd7\u5e38\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c,\u5728\u5357\u4e9e\u7684\u5be6\u969b\u5b97\u6559\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u96e3\u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u5340\u5206\u3002<\/p><p>\u9019\u4e5f\u986f\u793a\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u9913\u9b3c\u4e26\u975e\u6191\u7a7a\u800c\u751f,\u800c\u662f\u5c07\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u89c0\u5ff5\u7d0d\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u8ad6\u9ad4\u7cfb\u3002\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u9019\u4e00\u5f62\u8c61,\u5c31\u5fc5\u9808\u540c\u6642\u8003\u91cf\u9019\u5169\u5c64\u8108\u7d61:\u5420\u9640\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u524d\u8eab,\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u8a6e\u91cb\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp77bf53f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp77bf53f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp083baac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp083baac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5728\u4e9e\u6d32\u4f5b\u6559\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u50b3\u64ad\u8207\u6f14\u8b8a<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0b61d6b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp0b61d6b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8c34744 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp8c34744\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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tabindex=\"0\">\u4e09\u85cf<\/span>\u53ca\u300a<em>\u9913\u9b3c\u4e8b\u300b<\/em>\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u4f9d\u7136\u7dca\u5bc6\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u9913\u9b3c\u89c0\u5ff5\u90e8\u5206\u8207\u7576\u5730\u7684\u9b3c\u9748\u4fe1\u4ef0\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6cf0\u570b\u7684<em>phi<\/em>\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u9913\u9b3c\u6709\u6642\u96e3\u4ee5\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u7121\u6cd5\u5b89\u606f\u7684\u4ea1\u9748\u660e\u78ba\u5340\u5206\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u9019\u4e00\u89c0\u5ff5\u9047\u4e0a\u4e86\u65e9\u5df2\u9ad8\u5ea6\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u7956\u5148\u4fe1\u4ef0\u6587\u5316\u3002\u9913\u9b3c\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u7a31\u70ba<em>\u9913\u9b3c<\/em>\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u8207\u5c0d\u88ab\u5ffd\u8996\u6216\u7121\u5f8c\u55e3\u4ea1\u8005\u7684\u95dc\u5207\u7dca\u5bc6\u76f8\u9023\u3002\u82e5\u7121\u5b50\u5b6b\u5949\u4e0a<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u737b\u7d66\u795e\u660e\u7684\u4f9b\u54c1\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u8868\u9054\u611f\u8b1d\u3001\u7948\u6c42\u6216\u5d07\u656c\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u796d\u54c1<\/span>\uff0c\u4fbf\u6709\u6dea\u70ba\u98e2\u9913<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u7a2e\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u5c0d\u4e16\u9593\u5177\u6709\u4f5c\u7528\u529b\u7684\u7121\u5f62\u5b58\u5728\u3002\" 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class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5ef6\u4f38\u9023\u7d50<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u63a8\u85a6\u5167\u90e8\u9023\u7d50:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163138\">\u4f5b\u6559<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163145\">\u9b54\u7f85(Mara)<\/a>\u3001\u95bb\u9b54\u4f7f\u8005(Yamad\u016bta)\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163148\">\u5730\u7344\u5b88\u885b(Naraka-W\u00e4chter)<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163149\">\u7a7a\u884c\u6bcd(Dakini)<\/a><\/li><li>\u8207<a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163150\">\u9b3c(Gui)<\/a>(\u4e2d\u570b)\u3001<a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163143\">\u7562\u820d\u906e(Pishacha)<\/a>(\u5370\u5ea6\u6559)\u7684\u5c0d\u6bd4<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163083\">\u57c3\u8fea\u59c6(Edimmu)<\/a>(\u4f5c\u70ba\u524d\u8eab\u6bcd\u984c\u7684\u57c3\u8fea\u59c6)<\/li><li>\u76c2\u862d\u76c6\u7bc0\/\u4e2d\u5143\u7bc0<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u4f86\u6e90\u8207\u6587\u737b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>\u95dc\u65bc\u9913\u9b3c(Preta)\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8457\u4f5c\u7cbe\u9078:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Gehman, Henry S.: <em>Petavatthu. Stories of the Departed<\/em>. Oxford 1942.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Smith, Robert J.: <em>Ancestor Worship in Contemporary Japan<\/em>. Stanford 1974.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Cuevas, Bryan J.: <em>Travels in the Netherworld. Buddhist Popular Narratives of Death and the Afterlife in Tibet<\/em>. Oxford 2008.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Gombrich, Richard: <em>Precept and Practice<\/em>. Oxford 1971.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><\/div><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>\u66f4\u591a\u6a19\u6e96\u8457\u4f5c\u8acb\u898b<a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hant\/?page_id=163225\">\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b\u5217\u8868<\/a>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-preta-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-preta-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-preta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-preta-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-preta-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">\u672c\u6587\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u8b77\u8eab\u50b3\u7d71\u5c6c\u65bc\u6b77\u53f2\u5b97\u6559\u5b78\u8108\u7d61\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u5316\u8003\u5bdf\u3002iWell Guard\u627f\u63a5\u9019\u4e00\u53ef\u96a8\u8eab\u651c\u5e36\u8b77\u8eab\u7269\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6b77\u53f2\u8108\u7d61\uff0c\u4e26\u5448\u73fe\u5176\u7576\u4ee3\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<a href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">\u4e86\u89e3\u66f4\u591a\u95dc\u65bciWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7efee16 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7efee16\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2508526 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2508526\" 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