{"id":68988,"date":"2026-08-01T16:26:29","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T16:26:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/%e5%b8%95%e6%9f%a5%e7%8e%9b%e7%8e%9b-%e5%ae%89%e7%ac%ac%e6%96%af%e5%a4%a7%e5%9c%b0%e6%af%8d%e7%a5%9e\/"},"modified":"2026-08-01T16:26:49","modified_gmt":"2026-08-01T16:26:49","slug":"pachamama","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hans\/pachamama\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b &#8211; \u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"68988\" class=\"elementor elementor-68988 elementor-2575\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\uff0c\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e\u4e0e\u4e30\u4ea7\u5973\u795e<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-lead 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elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2683\" alt=\"Pachamama - G\u00f6tter aus der Anden-inka-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_anden-inka_pachamama-1.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5728\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u4e07\u795e\u6bbf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\uff08Quechua\uff1a<em>pacha<\/em>\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1b<em>mama<\/em>\uff0c\u6bcd\u4eb2\uff09\u5728\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u9ad8\u539f\u4f20\u7edf\u5b97\u6559\u4e2d\u6307\u79f0\u90a3\u79cd\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u80a5\u6c83\u5927\u5730\u3001\u8015\u4f5c\u7530\u91ce\u53ca\u751f\u547d\u7e41\u884d\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u6027\u795e\u5723\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/p><p>\u81ea\u5370\u52a0\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\u5e1d\u53ca\u67d0\u4e00\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u5b66<\/span>\u8d77\uff0c\u5979\u4fbf\u4e0e\u5370\u8482\u3001\u96f7\u795e<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/illapa\/\">\u4f0a\u62c9\u5e15<\/a>\uff08Illapa\uff09\u3001\u6708\u795e<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/mama-killa\/\">\u739b\u739b\u57fa\u4e9a<\/a>\uff08Mama Killa\uff09\u53ca\u521b\u4e16\u795e<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/viracocha\/\">\u7ef4\u62c9\u79d1\u67e5<\/a>\uff08Viracocha\uff09\u5e76\u5217\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u9ad8\u7b49\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p><p>\u5b97\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5df4\u65af\u6ed5\uff08Joseph Bastien\uff0c<em>Mountain of the Condor<\/em>\uff0c1978\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u827e\u9a6c\u62c9\u9ad8\u539f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e2d\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u5973\u795e\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u88ab\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e3a\u5927\u5730\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u751f\u547d\u6027\u5b9e\u8d28\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u5c06\u5979\u4e0e\u5730\u4e2d\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u8bb8\u591a\u7ecf\u5178\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e\u5f62\u8c61\uff08\u5f97\u58a8\u5fd2\u8033\u3001\u76d6\u4e9a\uff09\u533a\u522b\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5728\u795e\u8bdd\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u6027\u8d28\u7684<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/anden-inka\/\">\u5370\u52a0<\/a><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\u5e1d\u53ca\u67d0\u4e00\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u5b66\u79d1\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u5b66<\/span>\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4ece\u5c5e\u5730\u4f4d\uff1a\u5b98\u65b9\u5e1d\u56fd\u796d\u7940\u4ee5\u7537\u6027\u592a\u9633\u795e\u5370\u8482\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u800c\u519c\u6751\u6c11\u4f17\u5219\u5927\u591a\u5411\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u732e\u796d\u3002<\/p><p>\u51ef\u745f\u7433\u00b7\u827e\u4f26\uff08Catherine Allen\uff0c<em>The Hold Life Has<\/em>\uff0c2002\uff09\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u5b97\u6559\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u6027\u522b\u5316\u7684\u5c42\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5373\u7537\u6027\u592a\u9633\u795e\u5b66\u53e0\u7f6e\u4e8e\u66f4\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5973\u6027\u5927\u5730\u795e\u5b66\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u540d\u79f0\u4e0e\u8bcd\u6e90<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u514b\u4e18\u4e9a\u8bed\u8bcd<em>pacha<\/em>\u8bed\u4e49\u6781\u4e3a\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u79f0\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u67d0\u4e00\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u4ee3\uff09\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u6574\u4f53\u4e16\u754c\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fed\u6208\u00b7\u5188\u8428\u96f7\u65af\u00b7\u970d\u5c14\u91d1\uff08Diego Gonzalez Holguin\uff09\u5728\u5176<em>Vocabulario de la lengua general<\/em>\uff081608\uff09\u4e2d\u4f9d\u636e\u8bed\u5883\u5206\u522b\u5c06\u5176\u8bd1\u4f5c<em>mundo<\/em>\uff08\u4e16\u754c\uff09\u3001<em>tiempo<\/em>\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\u6216<em>suelo<\/em>\uff08\u5927\u5730\uff09\u3002\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u56e0\u6b64\u662f<em>\u6574\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u5b9e\u5728\u4e4b\u6bcd<\/em>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u571f\u5730\u4e4b\u6bcd\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u5c71\u533a\u7684\u827e\u9a6c\u62c9\u8bed\u4e2d\u540c\u6837\u5b58\u5728<em>Pachamama<\/em>\u4e00\u8bcd\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u53d8\u5f62\u4e3a<em>Pachatata<\/em>\uff08\u5927\u5730\u4e4b\u7236\uff09\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5176\u7537\u6027\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u5728\u5361\u54c8\u9a6c\u5c14\u5361\u548c\u963f\u4e9a\u5e93\u4e54\u5730\u533a\u7684\u514b\u4e18\u4e9a\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709<em>Mama Pacha<\/em>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6784\u6210\u6210\u5206\u987a\u5e8f\u98a0\u5012\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u6240\u6307\u4e3a\u540c\u4e00<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u5b97\u6559\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u795e\u5723\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u7075<\/span>\u3002<\/p><p>\u53e6\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u8bcd\u6e90\u89e3\u91ca\u5c06<em>pacha<\/em>\u4e0e\u5b87\u5b99\u79e9\u5e8f\u6982\u5ff5\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002<\/p><p>\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f17\u5170\u514b\u00b7\u8428\u6d1b\u8499\uff08Frank Salomon\uff09\u5728<em>Native Lords of Quito<\/em>\uff081986\uff09\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c<em>pacha<\/em>\u5728\u5370\u52a0\u65f6\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u8fd8\u6307\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5206\u671f\u7eaa\u5143\uff08\u524d\u5370\u52a0\u3001\u5370\u52a0\u3001\u5f81\u670d\u540e\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u53ef\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a<em>\u4e00\u5207\u4e16\u754c\u7eaa\u5143\u4e4b\u6bcd<\/em>&#8211;\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u5ff5\u5728\u5e15\u67e5\u5e93\u8482\u795e\u8bdd\uff08\u4e16\u754c\u7ffb\u8f6c\uff09\u4e2d\u5360\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0e\u56fe\u50cf\u5fd7<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u4e0e\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u5177\u4f53\u796d\u7940\u56fe\u50cf\uff08\u666e\u6069\u4e54\uff09\u7684\u5370\u8482\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u5728\u5370\u52a0\u65f6\u4ee3\u56fe\u50cf\u5fd7\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u672a\u4ee5\u4eba\u5f62\u5448\u73b0\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u4eea\u5f0f\u573a\u6240\u548c\u5668\u7269\u5f62\u5f0f\u51fa\u73b0\uff1a\u8015\u4f5c\u7684\u571f\u5757\u3001\u5c71\u53e3\u7684<em>apacheta<\/em>\u77f3\u5806\u3001<em>mesa<\/em>\u796d\u575b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5730\u4e0b\u796d\u7940\u5751\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u6b96\u6c11\u65f6\u4ee3\u53ca\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c11\u95f4\u827a\u672f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5979\u9010\u6e10\u4ee5\u4eba\u5f62\u65b9\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\u4e3a\u8eab\u7740\u4f20\u7edf\u670d\u9970\u7684\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u7a7f\u5bbd\u5927\u7684\u6ce2\u5217\u62c9\u88d9\u3001\u62ab\u80a9\uff0c\u6234\u5706\u9876\u793c\u5e3d\uff08\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u827e\u9a6c\u62c9\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u5982\u6b64\uff09\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u62b1\u7740\u5b69\u5b50\u6216\u80cc\u8d1f\u88c5\u6ee1\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u8c37\u7269\u7684<em>aguayo<\/em>\u80cc\u5e03\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f62\u8c61\u4e3b\u8981\u53d7\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u739b\u5229\u4e9a\u56fe\u50cf\u5fd7\u7684\u878d\u5408\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4f53\u73b0\u4e8e\u79d1\u5e15\u5361\u74e6\u7eb3\u5723\u6bcd\u548c\u6ce2\u6258\u897f\u5927\u5c71\u5723\u6bcd\u5f62\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e\u4e0e\u739b\u5229\u4e9a\u5d07\u62dc\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u76f8\u4e92\u878d\u5408\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u83ab\u5207\u6587\u5316\u548c\u74e6\u91cc\u6587\u5316\u524d\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5f81\u670d\u65f6\u671f\u9676\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u89c1\u5177\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7b2c\u4e00\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6027\u5f81\u7684\u5973\u6027\u5851\u50cf\uff0c\u5728\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u4e0a\u5e38\u88ab\u8be0\u91ca\u4e3a<em>\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u524d\u8eab<\/em>\u3002\u7136\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u571f\u8457\u8bed\u8a00\u79f0\u8c13\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f52\u5c5e\u4ecd\u5c5e\u63a8\u6d4b\u3002\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u6258\u5f17\u00b7\u5510\u5357\uff08Christopher Donnan\uff09\u5728<em>Moche Art<\/em>\uff081978\uff09\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6b64\u7c7b\u8ba4\u5b9a\u6301\u5ba1\u614e\u6001\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u795e\u8bdd\u53d9\u4e8b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u65e9\u671f\u7f16\u5e74\u53f2\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u7684\u795e\u8bdd<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u53d9\u4e8b\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e16\u4ee3\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4f20\u627f<\/span>\u51fa\u5947\u7a00\u5c11\uff0c\u76ae\u57c3\u5c14\u00b7\u675c\u7ef4\u5965\u5c14\u65af\uff08Pierre Duviols\uff09\u5c06\u6b64\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u7f16\u5e74\u53f2\u5bb6\u4ee5\u7537\u6027\u5e1d\u56fd\u89c6\u89d2\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u7acb\u573a\u3002\u73b0\u5b58\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u591a\u4e3a\u5b87\u5b99\u751f\u6210\u8bba\u661f\u4e1b\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\uff1a\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6d77\u5cb8\u5730\u533a\u5e15\u67e5\u5361\u9a6c\u514b\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u6216\u59d0\u59b9\u3001\u9ad8\u539f\u5730\u533a\u7ef4\u62c9\u79d1\u67e5\u7684\u5973\u513f\u3001\u827e\u9a6c\u62c9\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u5e15\u67e5\u5854\u5854\u7684\u914d\u5076\u3002<\/p><p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5173\u4e8e\u8bf8\u795e\u3001\u8d77\u6e90\u53ca\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u8bdd<\/span>\u5c06\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u4e0e\u65f1\u5b63\u548c\u96e8\u5b63\u7684\u5468\u671f\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u5979\u5728\u4e09\u3001\u56db\u6708\u6536\u83b7\u540e\u9971\u8db3\u4e30\u8174\uff0c\u5728\u4e94\u81f3\u4e5d\u6708\u5e72\u65f1\u6708\u4efd\u5219\u5904\u4e8e\u9965\u6e34\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u8981\u732e\u4e0a\u66f4\u591a\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u732e\u7ed9\u795e\u7075\u4ee5\u8868\u8fbe\u611f\u6069\u3001\u7948\u6c42\u6216\u5d07\u656c\u4e4b\u60c5\u7684\u4f9b\u54c1\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4f9b\u54c1<\/span>\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u6f58\u5e15\u5c71\u533a\uff08\u8428\u5c14\u5854\u3001\u80e1\u80e1\u4f0a\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u8282\u5728\u516b\u6708\u4e3e\u884c\uff1b\u516b\u6708\u4e00\u65e5\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u5730\u6398\u5f00\u5927\u5730\uff0c\u6316\u4e00\u5c0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u5c06\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efd\u4f9b\u54c1\uff08\u5947\u6070\u3001\u53ef\u4e50\u53f6\u3001\u9762\u5305\u3001\u6cb9\u8102\uff09\u653e\u5165\u5176\u4e2d\u3002<\/p><p>\u53e6\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c06\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u4e0e\u516d\u6708\u6634\u5bbf\u661f\u56e2\u5347\u8d77\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002\u6634\u5bbf\u661f\u56e2\u5728\u6668\u7a7a\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4e03\u5468\u65f6\u95f4\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u5979\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u64ad\u79cd\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff1b\u6634\u5bbf\u661f\u56e2\u660e\u4eae\u5347\u8d77\uff0c\u5219\u9884\u793a\u7740\u4e30\u6536\u5e74\u666f\u3002<\/p><p>\u6c64\u59c6\u00b7\u82cf\u5fb7\u739b\uff08Tom Zuidema\uff09\u548c\u52a0\u91cc\u00b7\u5384\u987f\uff08Gary Urton\uff09\u5728<em>At the Crossroads of the Earth and the Sky<\/em>\uff081981\uff09\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u8003\u53e4\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5173\u8054\u4f5c\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u79d8\u9c81\u5357\u90e8\uff0c\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u8fd8\u4e0e\u795e\u8bdd\u4eba\u7269<em>Mama Pacha<\/em>\u76f8\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u636e<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u53d9\u4e8b\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e16\u4ee3\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4f20\u627f<\/span>\uff0c\u5979\u82e5\u672a\u83b7\u5145\u5206\u4f9b\u5949\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f1a\u5728\u5e15\u5361\u514b\u5766\u666e\u5f15\u53d1\u5c71\u4f53\u6ed1\u5761\u548c\u5730\u9707\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5728\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u5730\u533a\u540c\u6837\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5f53\u5730\u5c06\u516b\u6708\u79f0\u4e3a<em>mes peligroso<\/em>\uff08\u5371\u9669\u4e4b\u6708\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u9965\u6e34\u7684\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e\u683c\u5916\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u7c97\u5fc3\u7684\u65c5\u4eba\u636e\u8bf4\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u6b64\u60a3\u75c5\u3002\u4ece\u5b97\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u60e9\u7f5a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u65b0\u7eaa\u5143\u8fd0\u52a8\u5bf9\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u7684\u63a5\u53d7\u4e2d\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u523b\u610f\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u796d\u7940\u4e0e\u732e\u796d\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u795e\u7075\u6216\u795e\u5723\u5f62\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5b97\u6559\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4eea\u5f0f\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u796d\u7940<\/span>\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u9ad8\u539f\u6751\u843d\u4e2d\u6700\u5177\u751f\u547d\u529b\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p><p>\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u662f<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5177\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u6587\u5316\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3001\u6309\u56fa\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4eea\u5f0f<\/span><em>despacho<\/em>\u6216<em>pago a la tierra<\/em>\uff08\u5927\u5730\u916c\u62a5\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u5c06\u53ef\u4e50\u53f6\u3001\u7cd6\u679c\u3001\u7f8a\u9a7c\u8102\u80aa\u3001\u7f8a\u9a7c\u80ce\uff08<em>sullu<\/em>\uff09\u3001\u5c0f\u9676\u4fd1\u4ee5\u53ca\u8461\u8404\u9152\u6216\u5947\u6070\u9152\u5949\u732e\u7269\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4f9b\u54c1\u5305\uff0c\u57cb\u5165\u571f\u4e2d\u6216\u711a\u70e7\u5949\u732e\u3002<\/p><p>\u51ef\u745f\u7433\u00b7\u827e\u4f26\u5728\u8bb0\u5f55\u7d22\u5185\u79d1\u6751\uff08\u6ce2\u5361\u5c14\u5766\u535a\u7701\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86<em>kintu<\/em>\u8fd9\u4e00\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u8981\u7d20&#8211;\u4e09\u7247\u53e0\u653e\u6574\u9f50\u7684\u5b8c\u597d\u53ef\u4e50\u53f6\uff0c\u5411\u56db\u65b9\u5439\u6c14\u540e\u5206\u522b\u732e\u4e8e\u5927\u5730\u3001\u7fa4\u5c71\u4e0e\u53d7\u5d07\u656c\u7684\u7956\u5148\u3002\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5df4\u65af\u6ed5\u5219\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u62c9\u5df4\u65af\u9ad8\u539f\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u827e\u9a6c\u62c9\u8bed\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p><p>\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e13\u5bb6\u4f9d\u5730\u533a\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u522b\u79f0\u4e3a<em>yatiri<\/em>\uff08\u827e\u9a6c\u62c9\u8bed\uff09\u3001<em>paqo<\/em>\uff08\u514b\u4e18\u4e9a\u8bed\uff09\u6216<em>altomisayoq<\/em>\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u5370\u52a0\u65f6\u4ee3\u79d1\u91cc\u574e\u67e5\u796d\u7940\u5b98\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u796d\u53f8\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u624e\u6839\u6751\u843d\u7684\u5360\u535c\u5e08\u4e0e\u6cbb\u7597\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u804c\u4e1a\u53ec\u5524\u5f80\u5f80\u901a\u8fc7\u906d\u96f7\u51fb\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff08\u4f0a\u62c9\u5e15\u53ec\u5524\uff09\u83b7\u5f97\u3002<\/p><p>\u79d8\u9c81\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u80e1\u5b89\u00b7\u52aa\u6d85\u65af\u00b7\u5fb7\u5c14\u666e\u62c9\u591a\uff08Juan Nunez del Prado\uff09\u5728\u51761970\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e15\u514b\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u9636\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u68b3\u7406\u3002<\/p><p>\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5386\u6cd5\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u516b\u6708\u4e00\u65e5\uff0c\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u65e5\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u519c\u8015\u5e74\u7684\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u8282\u70b9\u5747\u987b\u732e\u796d\uff1a\u64ad\u79cd\u3001\u521d\u8015\u3001\u521d\u6536\u3002\u5efa\u623f\u3001\u5a5a\u5ac1\u3001\u51fa\u751f\u65f6\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3e\u884c\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u732e\u7ed9\u795e\u7075\u4ee5\u8868\u8fbe\u611f\u6069\u3001\u7948\u6c42\u6216\u5d07\u656c\u4e4b\u60c5\u7684\u4f9b\u54c1\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4f9b\u796d<\/span>\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u91c7\u77ff\u533a\uff08\u6ce2\u6258\u897f\u3001\u5965\u9c81\u7f57\u3001\u585e\u7f57\u5fb7\u5e15\u65af\u79d1\uff09\uff0c\u77ff\u5de5\u7fa4\u4f53\u8fd8\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u795e\u7075\u6216\u795e\u5723\u5f62\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5b97\u6559\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4eea\u5f0f\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u796d\u7940<\/span>\uff0c\u5c06\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u4e0e\u5751\u9053\u7cbe\u7075<em>Tio<\/em>\u5e76\u7940\u3002<\/p><p>\u743c\u00b7\u7eb3\u4ec0\uff08June Nash\uff09\u5728<em>We Eat the Mines and the Mines Eat Us<\/em>\uff081979\uff09\u4e2d\u5bf9\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u94f6\u77ff\u7684\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\uff0f\u63d0\u5965\u53cc\u91cd\u5d07\u62dc\u4f5c\u4e86\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f00\u91c7\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e92\u60e0\u6027\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u53cc\u91cd\u795e\u7075\u5f62\u8c61\u5f97\u4ee5\u534f\u5546\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u62a4\u4f51\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u8f9f\u90aa\u529f\u80fd<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u795e\u7075\u6216\u795e\u5723\u5f62\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5b97\u6559\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4eea\u5f0f\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u796d\u7940<\/span>\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u8bf4\u5e76\u975e\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u62a4\u4f51\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e92\u60e0\u6027\u5173\u7cfb\u7ef4\u62a4\uff08<em>ayni<\/em>\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u8f9f\u90aa\u529f\u80fd\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u5176\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u5b58\u5728\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u5bf9\u4ed8<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/supay\/\">\u82cf\u5e15\u4f0a<\/a>\uff08Supay\uff09\u7b49\u5bb3\u7075\u6216<em>condenados<\/em>\uff08\u53d7\u8bc5\u5492\u7684\u7075\u9b42\uff09\uff0c\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u7684\u5e87\u62a4\u4ec5\u5728\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e92\u60e0\u6027\u5f97\u5230\u7ef4\u7cfb\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\u65b9\u624d\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p><p>\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u62a4\u4f51\u5b9e\u8df5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u65b0\u5efa\u623f\u5c4b\u65f6\u5728\u95e8\u69db\u4e0b\u653e\u7f6e\u53ef\u4e50\u53f6\u3001\u5728\u95e8\u53e3\u5730\u4e0b\u57cb\u85cf\u88c5\u6709\u8461\u8404\u9152\u548c\u5947\u6070\u9152\u7684\u74f6\u5b50\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u5c71\u53e3\u5806\u780c<em>apacheta<\/em>\u77f3\u5806&#8211;\u6bcf\u4f4d\u8def\u8fc7\u7684\u65c5\u4eba\u90fd\u6dfb\u4e0a\u4e00\u5757\u77f3\u5934\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u7ef4\u62a4\u9053\u8def\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p><p>\u5b97\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u5bb6\u5965\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u00b7\u54c8\u91cc\u65af\uff08Olivia Harris\uff09\u5728<em>Of Bread and Blood<\/em>\uff082000\uff09\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5806\u77f3\u4e60\u4fd7\u5728\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u9ad8\u539f\u516c\u8def\u6cbf\u7ebf\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u7eed\u3002<\/p><p>\u4ece\u5b97\u6559\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\u987b\u5f3a\u8c03\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0d\u5e94\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6548\u9a8c\u6027\u5deb\u672f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u5b87\u5b99\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\u6027\u786e\u8ba4&#8211;\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4efd\u7ed9\u4e88\u90fd\u671f\u5f85\u7b49\u503c\u7684\u56de\u62a5\u3002iWell Guard\u5bf9\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u53c2\u7167\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u660e\u786e\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\u89c2\u5bdf\u6027\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6548\u9a8c\u627f\u8bfa\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u73b0\u8c61<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u53ef\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5b97\u6559\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u9884\u8bbe\u4efb\u4f55\u5386\u53f2\u6e0a\u6e90\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5b97\u6559\u5b66\u4e0a\u6700\u5177\u542f\u53d1\u6027\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u53e4\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u666e\u91cc\u7279\u7ef4\uff08Prithivi\uff09\u3001\u5e0c\u814a\u7684\u76d6\u4e9a\u3001\u7f57\u9a6c\u7684\u5927\u5730\u4e4b\u6bcd\u5fd2\u8def\u65af\uff08Tellus Mater\uff09\u3001\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u7684\u6d85\u5c14\u56fe\u65af\uff08Nerthus\uff0c\u5854\u897f\u4f57\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u7eb3\u74e6\u970d\u65cf\u7684<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/changing-woman\/\">\u53d8\u5316\u5973\u4eba<\/a>\uff08Changing Woman\uff09\u3002<\/p><p>\u7c73\u5c14\u6070\u00b7\u4f0a\u5229\u4e9a\u5fb7\uff08Mircea Eliade\uff09\u5728\u300a\u795e\u5723\u4e0e\u4e16\u4fd7\u300b\u4e2d\u5f52\u7eb3\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u519c\u8015\u9ad8\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u90fd\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u5973\u6027\u795e\u5723\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e30\u4ea7\u3001\u5468\u671f\u6027\u3001\u79cd\u7c7d\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u5951\u5408\u8fd9\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5e15\u67e5\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u7eaa\u5143\uff09\u8d4b\u4e88\u5979\u66f4\u4e3a\u5bbd\u5e7f\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u89c6\u57df\u3002<\/p><p>\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7279\u6709\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u5c71\u7075<em>\u963f\u666e<\/em>\uff08Apu\uff09\u7684\u5173\u8054\uff08\u53c2\u89c1<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/apu-ausangate\/\">\u5965\u8428\u560e\u7279\u963f\u666e<\/a>\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7537\u6027\u5c71\u4e3b\u4e0e\u5973\u6027\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e\u6784\u6210\u4e92\u8865\u7684\u6027\u522b\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5728\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u67d0\u4e00\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u6784\u6210\u4e0e\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8ba4\u77e5\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5b87\u5b99\u89c2<\/span>\u4e2d\u4ee5<em>yanantin<\/em>&#8211;\u5bf9\u7acb\u53cc\u5bf9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\u5f20\u529b&#8211;\u52a0\u4ee5\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/p><p>\u53e6\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u5e73\u884c\u73b0\u8c61\u89c1\u4e8e\u975e\u88d4\u7f8e\u6d32\u4eba\u5bf9\u5965\u91cc\u838e<em>\u8036\u739b\u4e9a<\/em>\uff08Yemaya\uff09\u6216\u4f0f\u90fd\u6559\u6d1b\u4e9a\u5384\u5c14\u7956\u5229\uff08Erzulie\uff09\u7684\u5d07\u62dc\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5973\u6027\u795e\u5723\u529b\u91cf\u4e0e\u6c34\u3001\u4e30\u4ea7\u548c\u62a4\u4f51\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002\u8fd9\u540c\u6837\u5c5e\u4e8e\u519c\u8015\u5b97\u6559\u6027\u7684\u4f1a\u805a\u5f0f\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5386\u53f2\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p><p>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u96c5\u5404\u5e03\u00b7\u5df4\u970d\u82ac\uff08Johann Jakob Bachofen\uff09\u81ea19\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\u53cd\u590d\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684<em>Magna Mater<\/em>\uff08\u5927\u6bcd\u795e\uff09\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b66\u672f\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u56e0\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e\u7b80\u5355\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u539f\u578b\u59cb\u7956\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4e0a\u5df2\u53d7\u5230\u5f53\u4ee3\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u5ba1\u614e\u8d28\u7591\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5316\u4e0e\u878d\u5408\u4e3b\u4e49<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u4f20\u6559\u6d3b\u52a8\u59cb\u7ec8\u672a\u80fd\u5f7b\u5e95\u538b\u5236\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u795e\u7075\u6216\u795e\u5723\u5f62\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5b97\u6559\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4eea\u5f0f\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u796d\u7940<\/span>\u3002\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u7684\u662f\u7f8e\u6d32\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u5f15\u4eba\u77a9\u76ee\u7684\u878d\u5408\u73b0\u8c61\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u4e0e\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u739b\u5229\u4e9a\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4f53\u73b0\u4e8e\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u79d1\u5e15\u5361\u74e6\u7eb3\u5723\u6bcd\u548c\u6ce2\u6258\u897f\u5927\u5c71\u5723\u6bcd\u5f62\u8c61\u4e2d\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u8457\u540d\u753b\u4f5c\u300a\u5c71\u4e4b\u5723\u6bcd\u300b\uff08\u4f5a\u540d\uff0c\u7ea61720\u5e74\uff0c\u6ce2\u6258\u897f\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u5723\u6bcd\u672c\u8eab\u5448\u73b0\u4e3a\u6ce2\u6258\u897f\u94f6\u5c71\u7684\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u5176\u8863\u888d\u6784\u6210\u5c71\u4f53\u8f6e\u5ed3\uff0c\u5c71\u9876\u4e3a\u738b\u51a0\uff0c\u5c71\u4f53\u5185\u90e8\u53ef\u89c1\u77ff\u5de5\u8eab\u5f71\u3002<\/p><p>\u7279\u857e\u838e\u00b7\u5409\u65af\u4f2f\u7279\uff08Teresa Gisbert\uff09\u5c06\u8fd9\u5e45\u753b\u8be0\u91ca\u4e3a\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u4e0e\u5723\u6bcd\u878d\u5408\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5fd7\u5ba3\u8a00\u3002\u5723\u6bcd\u5e76\u975e\u88ab\u7f6e\u4e8e\u5c71\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6210\u4e3a\u5c71\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e\u3002<\/p><p>\u79d1\u5e15\u5361\u74e6\u7eb3\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u671d\u5723\u5730\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7684\u7684\u5580\u5580\u6e56\u7554\uff0c\u5efa\u4e8e\u4e00\u5904\u66f4\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5370\u52a0<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e13\u95e8\u4f9b\u5949\u67d0\u4e00\u795e\u7075\u7684\u795e\u5723\u573a\u6240\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5723\u6240<\/span>\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u5f53\u5730\u6240\u4f9b\u5949\u7684<em>Virgen Morena<\/em>\uff08\u6df1\u80a4\u8272\u5723\u6bcd\uff09\u5982\u4eca\u65e2\u662f\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u7684\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5b88\u62a4\u4e3b\u4fdd\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u7684\u663e\u73b0\u3002\u8428\u5bbe\u00b7\u9ea6\u79d1\u9a6c\u514b\uff08Sabine MacCormack\uff0c<em>Religion in the Andes<\/em>\uff0c1991\uff09\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u53cc\u91cd\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f5c\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5f53\u4ee3\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0e\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u5982\u4eca\u5df2\u8fdc\u8d85\u5b97\u6559\u8bed\u5883\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u5357\u7f8e\u6d32\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u8c61\u5f81\u3002\u5728\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\uff0c\u603b\u7edf\u57c3\u6c83\u00b7\u83ab\u62c9\u83b1\u65af\uff08Evo Morales\uff0c2006\u30012019\u5e74\uff09\u5c06\u516b\u6708\u4e00\u65e5\u5b9a\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6cd5\u5b9a\u8282\u5047\u65e5<em>Dia de la Pachamama<\/em>\uff0c2009\u5e74\u5baa\u6cd5\u4ea6\u660e\u786e\u63f4\u5f15\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002<\/p><p>\u5384\u74dc\u591a\u5c142008\u5e74\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e5f\u8d4b\u4e88<em>Pachamama<\/em>\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53f2\u4e0a\u5f15\u53d1\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u751f\u6001\u8fd0\u52a8\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u65b0\u7eaa\u5143\u5708\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u5728\u8fd1\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u95f4\u83b7\u5f97\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5171\u9e23\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u63a5\u53d7\u5e94\u4e88\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5ba1\u89c6\uff1a\u5b83\u5f80\u5f80\u5c06\u8be5\u6982\u5ff5\u4ece\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u5265\u79bb\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u6027\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e\u7684\u901a\u7528\u7b26\u53f7\u3002<\/p><p>\u5b97\u6559\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u5bb6\u739b\u4e3d\u7d22\u5c14\u00b7\u5fb7\u62c9\u5361\u5fb7\u7eb3\uff08Marisol de la Cadena\uff0c<em>Earth Beings<\/em>\uff0c2015\uff09\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u7684\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u76d6\u4e9a\u5047\u8bf4\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b49\u540c\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7eb3\u5165\u540e\u8005\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p><p>2019\u5e74\u68b5\u8482\u5188\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u4e3b\u6559\u4f1a\u8bae\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u6728\u96d5\u88ab\u7f6e\u4e8e\u7f57\u9a6c\u7279\u62c9\u65af\u84ec\u8482\u7eb3\u5723\u739b\u5229\u4e9a\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u6fc0\u70c8\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/p><p>\u6b64\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8868\u660e\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u795e\u8c61\u5f81\u572821\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ecd\u5177\u4e0d\u8870\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u51ef\u745f\u7433\u00b7\u827e\u4f26\u3001\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5df4\u65af\u6ed5\u3001\u5f17\u5170\u514b\u00b7\u8428\u6d1b\u8499\u548c\u739b\u4e3d\u7d22\u5c14\u00b7\u5fb7\u62c9\u5361\u5fb7\u7eb3\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5c24\u4e3a\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6587\u732e\u4e0e\u8d44\u6599\u6765\u6e90<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7cbe\u9009\u6536\u5f55\u4e86\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u9886\u57df\u5bf9\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u7814\u7a76\u5177\u6709\u5960\u57fa\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp21d1bd35 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp21d1bd35\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp261bfd72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp261bfd72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5927\u5730\u916c\u62a5\u4eea\u5f0f\uff08Pago a la Tierra\uff09\u4e0e\u732e\u571f\u4e60\u4fd7<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp26889d35 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp26889d35\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2ab2cdd9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2ab2cdd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u4e0e\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u8bb0\u5f55\u8be6\u5c3d\u3001\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u5177\u751f\u547d\u529b\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u5b9a\u671f\u91cd\u590d\u4f20\u627f\u7684\u4e60\u4fd7\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4e60\u4fd7<\/span>\u662f\u732e\u571f\u793c\uff0c\u5728\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u5404\u56fd\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u4e3a<em>pago a la tierra<\/em>\u6216<em>despacho<\/em>\u3002<\/p><p>\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e2d\u5c06\u5404\u7c7b\u4f9b\u54c1\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u88f9\uff0c\u4f9d\u5730\u533a\u4e0d\u540c\u53ef\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u4e50\u53f6\u3001\u7389\u7c73\u7c92\u3001\u6cb9\u8102\u3001\u7cd6\u679c\u3001\u5c0f\u578b\u5851\u50cf\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5305\u88f9\u88ab\u57cb\u5165\u571f\u4e2d\u6216\u711a\u70e7\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u56fa\u5b9a\u5730\u70b9\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3e\u884c\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u79d8\u9c81\u5357\u90e8\u548c\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u516b\u6708\u662f\u732e\u571f\u793c\u6700\u4e3a\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5927\u5730\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5f00\u653e\u800c\u5177\u6709\u63a5\u53d7\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u5b9a\u671f\u91cd\u590d\u4f20\u627f\u7684\u4e60\u4fd7\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4e60\u4fd7<\/span>\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e3b\u6301\uff0c\u5176\u540d\u79f0\u56e0\u5730\u533a\u800c\u5f02\u3002<\/p><p>\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u7814\u7a76&#8211;\u4f8b\u5982\u51ef\u745f\u7433\u00b7\u827e\u4f26\u5bf9\u5e93\u65af\u79d1\u9644\u8fd1\u4e00\u5904\u514b\u4e18\u4e9a\u8bed\u793e\u533a\u7684\u7814\u7a76&#8211;\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5411\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u732e\u793c\u6df1\u5d4c\u4e8e\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u5173\u7cfb\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u996e\u9152\u524d\u5148\u5c06\u5c11\u91cf\u6db2\u4f53\u6d12\u843d\u5730\u9762\uff0c\u4fbf\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u89c2\u5ff5\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p><p>\u7814\u7a76\u754c\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e60\u4fd7\u4f53\u7cfb\u65e2\u975e\u524d\u6b96\u6c11\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u7eaf\u7cb9\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u4ea6\u975e\u5355\u7eaf\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5305\u542b\u98ce\u4fd7\u3001\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e0e\u6b4c\u8c23\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u6c11\u95f4\u6587\u5316\u603b\u4f53\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u6c11\u4fd7<\/span>\u3002\u6570\u767e\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u5b83\u5438\u7eb3\u4e86\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5143\u7d20\u800c\u672a\u5931\u5176\u5185\u6838\u3002\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u4e0e\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5723\u5f92\u5e76\u7940\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u6279\u4eba\u65e2\u53c2\u52a0\u5f25\u6492\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3e\u884c\u732e\u571f\u4eea\u5f0f\u3002<\/p><p>\u4f9b\u54c1\u5e76\u975e\u7948\u6c42\u5947\u8ff9\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e92\u60e0\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\uff1a\u4ece\u5927\u5730\u7d22\u53d6\u8005\uff0c\u987b\u5411\u5927\u5730\u5f52\u8fd8\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e92\u60e0\u903b\u8f91\u5728\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u5e38\u4ee5\u514b\u4e18\u4e9a\u8bed\u8bcd<em>ayni<\/em>\u52a0\u4ee5\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u770b\u6765\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e60\u4fd7\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u94a5\u5319\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp25fcc55d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp25fcc55d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp21ebc69e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp21ebc69e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u6559\u4f1a\u4e89\u8bae\u4e2d\u7684\u89d2\u8272<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp23c41102 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp23c41102\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2eb276f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2eb276f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u8fdb\u516521\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u5df2\u8d85\u8d8a\u5b97\u6559\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u53c2\u7167\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u548c\u5384\u74dc\u591a\u5c14\u5206\u522b\u57282000\u81f32010\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u5baa\u6cd5\u7acb\u6cd5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u63f4\u5f15\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p><p>\u5384\u74dc\u591a\u5c14\u4e8e2008\u5e74\u5c06\u81ea\u7136\u6743\u5229\u7eb3\u5165\u5baa\u6cd5\uff0c\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u4e8e2010\u5e74\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u4ee5<em>Ley de Derechos de la Madre Tierra<\/em>\uff08\u5927\u5730\u6bcd\u4eb2\u6743\u5229\u6cd5\uff09\u8457\u79f0\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u3002\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u5728\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d4b\u4e88\u81ea\u7136\u4ee5\u5185\u5728\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u79e9\u5e8f<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u4e00\u62bd\u8c61\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5177\u8c61\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8c61\u5f81<\/span>\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p><p>\u5b66\u754c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5730\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u63f4\u5f15\u5728\u591a\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u5b97\u6559\u89c2\u5ff5\u76f8\u7b26\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u5b66\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5408\u7406\u627f\u63a5\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u5219\u89c6\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u632a\u7528&#8211;\u5c06\u591a\u5143\u7684\u5730\u65b9<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u5b9a\u671f\u91cd\u590d\u4f20\u627f\u7684\u4e60\u4fd7\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4e60\u4fd7<\/span>\u63d0\u5347\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u4e00\u89c2\u5ff5\u6216\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7b26\u53f7<\/span>\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u52a0\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u3002\u6751\u843d\u4e2d\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\u5b9e\u8df5\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5e76\u672a\u53d7\u5230\u56fd\u5bb6\u8c61\u5f81\u8bdd\u8bed\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p><p>2019\u5e74\u6559\u4f1a\u9886\u57df\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u3002\u68b5\u8482\u5188\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u4e3b\u6559\u4f1a\u8bae\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6570\u4ef6\u6728\u96d5\u5728\u516c\u4f17\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e2d\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u50cf\u3002\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5185\u90e8\u82e5\u5e72\u4fdd\u5b88\u56e2\u4f53\u5c06\u6b64\u5b9a\u6027\u4e3a\u5076\u50cf\u5d07\u62dc\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5851\u50cf\u968f\u540e\u88ab\u4e0d\u660e\u4eba\u58eb\u4ece\u7f57\u9a6c\u4e00\u5ea7\u6559\u5802\u4e2d\u53d6\u8d70\u5e76\u6295\u5165\u53f0\u4f2f\u6cb3\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u5173\u4e8e\u6559\u4f1a\u5e94\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u5f85\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u5b97\u6559\u8868\u8fbe\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u4ece\u5b66\u672f\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u8868\u660e\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u5982\u4eca\u5df2\u8fdc\u8d85\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e89\u8bae\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u9002\u5e94\u3001<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u5b97\u6559\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u6216\u795e\u7075\u7684\u878d\u5408\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u878d\u5408\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u8ba4\u540c\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u6b64\u5f97\u5230\u96c6\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff08\u9009\u7f16\uff09<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Catherine Allen: <em>The Hold Life Has<\/em> (2002)<\/li><li>Joseph Bastien: <em>Mountain of the Condor<\/em> (1978)<\/li><li>Sabine MacCormack: <em>Religion in the Andes<\/em> (1991)<\/li><li>Marisol de la Cadena: <em>Earth Beings<\/em> (2015)<\/li><li>Olivia Harris: <em>Of Bread and Blood<\/em> (2000)<\/li><li>Diego Gonzalez Holguin: <em>Vocabulario de la lengua general<\/em> (1608)<\/li><li>Frank Salomon: <em>The Cord Keepers<\/em> (2004)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-pachamama e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-pachamama\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-pachamama-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-pachamama-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b89\u7b2c\u65af\u4e16\u754c\u7684<em>\u4e30\u4ea7\u5973\u795e<\/em>\uff0c\u5e15\u67e5\u739b\u739b\u5c06\u519c\u8015\u3001\u755c\u7267\u4e0e\u5c71\u5cb3\u5d07\u62dc\u878d\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ef\u4e50\u3001\u7389\u7c73\u548c\u5947\u6070\u9152\u4e3a\u4f9b\u54c1\u7684\u732e\u796d\u4eea\u5f0f\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u73bb\u5229\u7ef4\u4e9a\u3001\u79d8\u9c81\u548c\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u5317\u90e8\u7684\u64ad\u79cd\u3001\u6536\u83b7\u4e0e\u5efa\u623f\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>\u76f8\u5173\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff1aPachamama Quechua Aymara Ayni Despacho Paqo Yatiri Apacheta Sullu\u3002<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-pachamama\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-pachamama-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-pachamama-ccinner\" 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