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Conze\uff08\u300a\u4f5b\u6559\u300b\uff0c\u65af\u56fe\u52a0\u7279\uff0c1953\u5e74\uff09\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u878d\u5408\u89c6\u4e3a\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u4e0a\u9887\u5177\u542f\u793a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u6559\u6cd5\u5f62\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5730\u65b9\u6c11\u95f4\u4f20\u7edf\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u878d\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-347d352 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"347d352\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b5d0e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9b5d0e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\u4e0e\u5f25\u52d2\u671f\u5f85<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b936c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5b936c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5f25\u52d2\u662f\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u5177\u6709\u660e\u786e\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u5404\u4f20\u7edf\u5bf9\u5176\u964d\u4e34\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4f30\u7b97\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\uff1a\u300a\u8f6c\u8f6e\u5723\u738b\u72ee\u543c\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u4e3a\u65e0\u6570\u4e16\u4ee3\uff0c\u540e\u4e16\u6587\u672c\u5219\u8bb0\u4e3a\u91ca\u8fe6\u725f\u5c3c\u822c\u6d85\u69c3\u540e56\u4ebf7000\u4e07\u5e74\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5929\u6587\u6570\u5b57\u822c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5f25\u52d2\u6240\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u8feb\u5207\u7684\u6551\u4e16\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b87\u5b99\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u6052\u5e38\uff1a\u6b63\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6c38\u4e45\u6d88\u4ea1\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u4f5b\u9640\u5fc5\u5c06\u5230\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u5371\u673a\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u671f\u5f85\u50ac\u751f\u4e86\u6025\u8feb\u7684\u5f25\u8d5b\u4e9a\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u81ea\u516c\u51436\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d77\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u591a\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5ba3\u626c\u5f25\u52d2\u65f6\u4ee3\u5373\u5c06\u964d\u4e34\u7684\u8d77\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u5143\u4ee3\uff0814\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\u7684\u767d\u83b2\u6559\u8d77\u4e49\u53ca\u660e\u4ee3\uff0814\u81f317\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\u6570\u6b21\u519c\u6c11\u53db\u4e71\u5747\u5e26\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5f25\u52d2\u4fe1\u4ef0\u8272\u5f69\u3002<\/p><p>Erik Z\u00fcrcher \u5728\u300a\u4f5b\u6559\u5f81\u670d\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\uff08\u83b1\u987f\uff0c1959\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u4ee3\u738b\u671d\u5bf9\u5f25\u52d2<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u795e\u7075\u6216\u795e\u5723\u5f62\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5b97\u6559\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4eea\u5f0f\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5d07\u62dc<\/span>\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u4e88\u4ee5\u538b\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u9769\u547d\u6027\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ea47af e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0ea47af\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b67abd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5b67abd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5f25\u52d2\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u4e0e\u4e2d\u4e9a<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35502f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35502f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u728d\u9640\u7f57\uff08\u516c\u51431\u81f34\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\u548c\u7b08\u591a\u65f6\u4ee3\uff08\u516c\u51434\u81f36\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\u7684\u5f25\u52d2\u9020\u50cf\u5927\u91cf\u7559\u5b58\u81f3\u4eca\u3002\u4f4d\u4e8e\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u5df4\u7c73\u626c\u7684\u5f25\u52d2\u5de8\u578b\u96d5\u50cf\uff0c\u57282001\u5e74\u906d\u5230\u6bc1\u574f\u4e4b\u524d\u66fe\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u4e24\u5ea7\u7acb\u4f5b\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1b\u5b66\u754c\u591a\u6570\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u4ee3\u8868\u5f25\u52d2\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u8ba4\u5b9a\u5c1a\u5b58\u4e89\u8bae\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u4e2d\u4e9a\u5404\u77f3\u7a9f\u5bfa\u9662\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u5e93\u8f66\u7ecf\u5410\u9c81\u756a\u81f3\u6566\u714c\uff0c\u5f25\u52d2\u5747\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u56fe\u50cf\u4e3b\u9898\uff1b\u4ed6\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u4f5b\u6559<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4ee5\u5b97\u6559\u4e3a\u52a8\u673a\u3001\u524d\u5f80\u795e\u5723\u5730\u70b9\u7684\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u671d\u5723\u8005<\/span>\u5f80\u751f\u515c\u7387\u5929\u3001\u5f85\u503c\u5f25\u52d2\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u672a\u6765\u613f\u666f\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c6de72 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5c6de72\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-074efa9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"074efa9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u65e0\u8457\u4e0e\u5f25\u52d2\u6cd5\u6559<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eff46de elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eff46de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5728\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u5c06\u5370\u5ea6\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u6d3e\u8bba\u5e08\u65e0\u8457\uff08Asanga\uff0c\u516c\u51434\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\u4e0e\u5f25\u52d2\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u636e\u5723\u4f20<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u53d9\u4e8b\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e16\u4ee3\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8bb0\u8f7d<\/span>\uff0c\u65e0\u8457\u7ecf\u591a\u5e74\u7985\u4fee\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u5347\u5165\u515c\u7387\u5929\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4eb2\u4ece\u5f25\u52d2\u5904\u53d7\u5f97\u4e94\u90e8\u6839\u672c\u8bba\u5178\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u300c\u5f25\u52d2\u4e94\u8bba\u300d\uff08\u300a\u73b0\u89c2\u5e84\u4e25\u8bba\u300b\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u5e84\u4e25\u7ecf\u8bba\u300b\u300a\u8fa9\u4e2d\u8fb9\u8bba\u300b\u300a\u6cd5\u6cd5\u6027\u5206\u522b\u8bba\u300b\u300a\u5b9d\u6027\u8bba\u300b\uff09\u6784\u6210\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u6d3e\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u67d0\u4e00\u5b97\u6559\u4e2d\u88ab\u5949\u4e3a\u6743\u5a01\u5e76\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u5723\u5178\u6c47\u96c6\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7ecf\u5178<\/span>\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u897f\u85cf\u50e7\u9662\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p><p>\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u5f52\u5c5e\u5b58\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\uff1a\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u754c\u901a\u5e38\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u672c\u5f52\u4e8e\u65e0\u8457\u672c\u4eba\u6216\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u4e3a\u5f25\u52d2\u8d24\uff08Maitreyanatha\uff09\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4eba\u7269\u3002David Seyfort Ruegg \u5728\u300a\u4e2d\u89c2\u5b66\u6d3e\u6587\u732e\u300b\uff08\u5a01\u65af\u5df4\u767b\uff0c1981\u5e74\uff09\u53ca\u540e\u7eed\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u8be6\u5c3d\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf8cf39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cf8cf39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98211f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"98211f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5f25\u52d2\u5728\u8fd1\u73b0\u4ee3\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86b75d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"86b75d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>19\u81f320\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u5f25\u52d2\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u65b0\u5174\u5b97\u6559\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u89d2\u8272\u3002Helena Blavatsky \u521b\u7acb\u7684\u795e\u667a\u5b66\u4f1a\u58f0\u79f0\u4e0e\u300c\u5f25\u52d2\u5927\u5e08\u300d\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u632a\u7528\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u5b66\u754c\u5e76\u4e0d\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4f5b\u6559\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u3002<\/p><p>\u8d8a\u5357\u9ad8\u53f0\u6559\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u5b97\u6559\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u6216\u795e\u7075\u7684\u878d\u5408\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u878d\u5408\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span>\u5c06\u5f25\u52d2\u7eb3\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5174\u5b97\u6559\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u67d0\u4e00\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u8bf8\u795e\u7684\u603b\u79f0\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4e07\u795e\u6bbf<\/span>\u3002\u5728\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5f62\u8c61\u81ea1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\u56e0 Benjamin Creme \u800c\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5ba3\u79f0\u5f25\u52d2\u5373\u5c06\u73b0\u8eab\uff1b\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u5f20\u540c\u6837\u672a\u88ab\u5b66\u672f\u4f5b\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u754c\u89c6\u4e3a<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5c5e\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e00\u5b97\u6559\u88ab\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u5178\u7c4d\u8303\u7574\u3002\" 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data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u300a\u8f6c\u8f6e\u5723\u738b\u72ee\u543c\u7ecf\u300b\uff08\u300a\u957f\u90e8\u300b\u7b2c26\u7ecf\uff09\uff1b\u300a\u672a\u6765\u53f2\u300b\uff1b\u300a\u5f25\u52d2\u6388\u8bb0\u300b\uff1b\u300a\u5999\u6cd5\u83b2\u534e<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u548c\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u7b80\u6d01\u5f62\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u6559\u4e49\u6587\u672c\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7ecf<\/span>\u300b\uff08\u300a\u6cd5\u534e<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u548c\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u7b80\u6d01\u5f62\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u6559\u4e49\u6587\u672c\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7ecf<\/span>\u300b\uff09\uff1b\u300a\u5f25\u52d2\u4f1a\u89c1\u8bb0\u300b\uff1b&#8221;\u5f25\u52d2\u4e94\u8bba&#8221;\uff08\u300a\u73b0\u89c2\u5e84\u4e25\u8bba\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u5e84\u4e25\u7ecf\u8bba\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8fa9\u4e2d\u8fb9\u8bba\u300b\u3001\u300a\u6cd5\u6cd5\u6027\u5206\u522b\u8bba\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5b9d\u6027\u8bba\u300b\uff09\u3002<\/p> <p>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1aEdward Conze\uff0c\u300a\u4f5b\u6559\u300b\uff0c\u65af\u56fe\u52a0\u7279\uff0c1953\u5e74\uff1bKlaus-Josef Notz\uff0c\u300a\u4f5b\u6559\u300b\uff0c\u65af\u56fe\u52a0\u7279\uff0c2002\u5e74\uff1bErik Z\u00fcrcher\uff0c\u300a\u4f5b\u6559\u5f81\u670d\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\uff0c\u83b1\u987f\uff0c1959\u5e74\uff1bDavid Seyfort Ruegg\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u89c2\u5b66\u6d3e\u6587\u732e\u300b\uff0c\u5a01\u65af\u5df4\u767b\uff0c1981\u5e74\uff1bAnne Lecornu\uff0c\u300a\u4f5b\u6559\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u672b\u4e16\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c2007\u5e74\uff1bRobert Buswell\u4e0eDonald Lopez\uff0c\u300a\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u4f5b\u6559\u8bcd\u5178\u300b\uff0c\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\uff0c2014\u5e74\u3002<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc9c3fa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bc9c3fa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-430353f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"430353f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5f25\u52d2\u5728\u827a\u672f\u53f2\u4e2d<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a09f95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a09f95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5f25\u52d2\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u9636\u6bb5\u53d1\u751f\u4e8e\u5143\u671d\uff081271\u81f31368\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u8499\u53e4\u5f81\u670d\u8005\u5927\u591a\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u63a5\u53d7\u85cf\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u91d1\u521a\u4e58\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c57\u738b\u4ee5\u5f25\u52d2\u5316\u8eab\u81ea\u5c45\u3002\u540e\u4e16\u5c0f\u8bf4\u300a\u5c01\u795e\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u4e2d\u4ecd\u6298\u5c04\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e00\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u683c\u5c40\u7684\u4f59\u54cd\uff1a\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5a01\u501f\u52a9\u4e0e\u672a\u6765\u4f5b\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u8499\u53e4\u672c\u571f\uff0c\u5f25\u52d2\u5d07\u62dc\u5ef6\u7eed\u81f3\u4eca\u3002\u590f\u5b63\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u8fc8\u8fbe\u91cc\u5e86\u5178\uff08\u5f25\u52d2\u8282\uff0cMaidari 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class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-405a617 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"405a617\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-173e195 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"173e195\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u65e0\u8457\u4e0e\u5f25\u52d2\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u6d3e\u8bba\u5178<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2779511 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2779511\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u65e0\u8457\uff08Asanga\uff0c\u7ea6\u516c\u51434\u81f35\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u6d3e\u7684\u521b\u7acb\u8005\u3002\u636e\u5723\u4f20\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u515c\u7387\u5929\u7684\u7985\u89c2\uff0c\u53d7\u5f97\u4e94\u90e8\u5f25\u52d2\u8bba\u5178\uff08\u5373\u6240\u8c13\u300c\u5f25\u52d2\u4e94\u8bba\u300d\uff09\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u4e94\u90e8\u8bba\u5178\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\uff1a\u300a\u73b0\u89c2\u5e84\u4e25\u8bba\u300b\uff08Abhisamayalankara\uff0c\u73b0\u8bc1\u5e84\u4e25\u4e4b\u5e84\u4e25\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5927\u4e58\u5e84\u4e25\u7ecf\u8bba\u300b\uff08Mahayanasutralankara\uff0c\u5927\u4e58\u7ecf\u5178\u4e4b\u5e84\u4e25\uff09\u3001\u300a\u8fa9\u4e2d\u8fb9\u8bba\u300b\uff08Madhyantavibhaga\uff0c\u4e2d\u9053\u4e0e\u8fb9\u89c1\u4e4b\u8fa8\u6790\uff09\u3001\u300a\u6cd5\u6cd5\u6027\u5206\u522b\u8bba\u300b\uff08Dharmadharmatavibhaga\uff0c\u8bf8\u6cd5\u4e0e\u6cd5\u6027\u4e4b\u5206\u522b\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u5b9d\u6027\u8bba\u300b\uff08Ratnagotravibhaga\uff0c\u4ea6\u79f0\u300a\u7a76\u7adf\u4e00\u4e58\u5b9d\u6027\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u5b9d\u6027\u79cd\u59d3\u4e4b\u5206\u522b\uff09\u3002<\/p><p>\u5386\u53f2\u8457\u4f5c\u6743\u5f52\u5c5e\u81f3\u4eca\u5b58\u4e89\u8bae\u3002Erich Frauwallner\uff08\u300a\u4f5b\u6559\u54f2\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u67cf\u6797\uff0c1956\u5e74\uff09\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u81f3\u5c11\u4e09\u90e8\u8bba\u5178\u786e\u5b9e\u51fa\u81ea\u65e0\u8457\u6216\u5176\u5144\u5f1f\u4e16\u4eb2\uff08Vasubandhu\uff09\u4e4b\u624b\uff0c\u800c\u300a\u73b0\u89c2\u5e84\u4e25\u8bba\u300b\u5e94\u5f52\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u5f25\u52d2\u8d24\uff08Maitreyanatha\uff09\u3002<\/p><p>\u85cf\u4f20\u4f20\u7edf\u5c06\u5168\u90e8\u4e94\u8bba\u89c6\u4e3a\u5f25\u52d2\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u5217\u4e3a\u5404\u5927\u5bfa\u9662\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8bb2\u6388\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac47ed1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ac47ed1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b94b048 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b94b048\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u300a\u5b9d\u6027\u8bba\u300b\u4e0e\u5982\u6765\u85cf\u6559\u4e49<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc9a183 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc9a183\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u300a\u5b9d\u6027\u8bba\u300b\uff08Ratnagotravibhaga\uff09\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u5b66\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u7279\u522b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7cfb\u7edf\u9610\u53d1\u4e86\u300c\u4f5b\u6027\u300d\uff08tathagatagarbha\uff0c\u5982\u6765\u85cf\uff09\u7684\u6559\u4e49\u3002\u8be5\u6559\u4e49\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u4f17\u751f\u7686\u5177\u6210\u4f5b\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u547d\u9898\u5728\u4e1c\u4e9a\u6210\u4e3a\u5929\u53f0\u5b97\u3001\u7985\u5b97\u548c\u534e\u4e25\u5b97\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002David Seyfort Ruegg\uff08\u300a\u5982\u6765\u85cf\u4e0e\u79cd\u59d3\u7406\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c1969\u5e74\uff09\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u7814\u7a76\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/p><p>\u8be5\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5982\u6765\u85cf\u6559\u4e49\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u4e58\u4f5b\u6559\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u53e4\u8001\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7ecf\u745c\u4f3d\u884c\u6d3e\u7684\u552f\u8bc6\u7efc\u5408\u52a0\u4ee5\u6539\u9020\u3002\u5c06\u6b64\u8bba\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5f25\u52d2\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u5177\u6709\u795e\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\uff1a\u8fd9\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u8be5\u6559\u4e49\u4ee5\u6700\u9ad8\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4ece\u515c\u7387\u5929\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u6388\u7684\u6cd5\u6559\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9092f6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c9092f6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ea1560 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ea1560\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u4e2d\u56fd\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u5f25\u52d2\u8d77\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd0b1d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dd0b1d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5f25\u52d2\u5373\u5c06\u964d\u4e34\u7684\u671f\u5f85\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u591a\u6b21\u5f15\u53d1\u9769\u547d\u6027\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u516c\u51436\u81f37\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u6559\u6d3e\u4ee5\u5176\u9886\u8896\u81ea\u79f0\u5f25\u52d2\u5316\u8eab\u800c\u8d77\u4e49\u3002<\/p><p>\u6700\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u662f\u6cd5\u5e86\u8d77\u4e49\uff08\u516c\u5143515\u5e74\uff09\uff1a\u6cd5\u5e86\u81ea\u79f0\u300c\u65b0\u751f\u4e4b\u4f5b\u300d\uff0c\u7387\u4f17\u53cd\u6297\u5317\u9b4f\u738b\u671d\u3002\u5728\u5143\u671d\u8499\u53e4\u5e1d\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\uff0813\u81f314\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f25\u52d2\u671f\u5f85\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u62b5\u6297\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u767d\u83b2\u6559\uff08Bailianjiao\uff09\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u3002<\/p><p>\u7531\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fd0\u52a8\u50ac\u751f\u7684\u7ea2\u5dfe\u519b\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u4e8e1368\u5e74\u63a8\u7ffb\u5143\u671d\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u660e\u671d\u3002<\/p><p>Hubert 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