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class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u817e\u683c\u91cc\uff0c\u7a81\u53a5\u4eba\u3001\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u53ca\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u8349\u539f\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5929\u795e<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u817e\u683c\u91cc\uff08Tengri\uff09\u662f\u6b27\u4e9a\u8349\u539f\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6559\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u81f3\u9ad8\u795e\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u84dd\u5929\uff08\u8499\u53e4\u8bed <em>M\u00f6ngke K\u00f6ke Tengri<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u540c\u65f6\u4f53\u73b0\u79e9\u5e8f\u3001\u6cd5\u5219\u4e0e\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u8428\u6ee1\u3001\u53ef\u6c57\u4e0e\u90e8\u843d\u957f\u8001\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u548c<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5c5e\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e00\u56fa\u5b9a\u5b97\u6559\u884c\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4eea\u5f0f<\/span>\u4e0a\u5bfb\u6c42\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" 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class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;\\u672c\\u9875\\u672a\\u627e\\u5230\\u4efb\\u4f55\\u6807\\u9898\\u3002&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; 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class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u540d\u79f0\u4e0e\u8bcd\u6e90<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u817e\u683c\u91cc\uff08<em>Tengri<\/em>\uff09\u4e4b\u540d\u51e0\u4e4e\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u963f\u5c14\u6cf0\u8bed\u7cfb\u7684\u5404\u5c42\u6587\u732e\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff1a\u53e4\u7a81\u53a5\u8bed <em>te\u014bri<\/em>\uff0c\u8499\u53e4\u8bed <em>tngri<\/em> \u6216 <em>tenger<\/em>\uff0c\u96c5\u5e93\u7279\u8bed <em>tangara<\/em>\uff0c\u695a\u74e6\u4ec0\u8bed <em>tur\u0103<\/em>\u3002\u5176\u8bcd\u6e90\u5c1a\u5b58\u4e89\u8bae\uff1b\u7a81\u53a5\u5b66\u754c\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u63a8\u5bfc\u5c06\u8be5\u8bcd\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e2a\u5177\u6709&#8221;\u9ad8\u8fdc\u3001\u5e7f\u9614\u3001\u5149\u660e&#8221;\u4e4b\u4e49\u7684\u963f\u5c14\u6cf0\u8bed\u6839\u8bcd\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/p><p>\u6770\u52d2\u5fb7\u00b7\u514b\u52b3\u68ee\uff08Gerard Clauson\uff09\u5728\u5176\u300a13\u4e16\u7eaa\u524d\u7a81\u53a5\u8bed\u8bcd\u6e90\u8bcd\u5178\u300b\uff08<em>Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth Century Turkish<\/em>\uff0c1972\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u8be5\u8bcd\u539f\u610f\u4e3a&#8221;\u5e7f\u9614\u65e0\u57a0\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4&#8221;\uff0c\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u624d\u9010\u6e10\u51dd\u7f29\u4e3a\u81f3\u9ad8\u795e\u7684\u4e13\u79f0\u3002<\/p><p>\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u8bcd\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u517c\u5177&#8221;\u5929\u7a7a&#8221;\u4e0e&#8221;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u5b97\u6559\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u795e\u5723\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u7075<\/span>&#8220;\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u5c42\u9762\u795e\u5723\u6027\u878d\u5408\u7684\u5178\u578b\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u5728\u5420\u9640\u8bed <em>dyaus<\/em> \u6216\u5b99\u65af\uff08<em>Zeus<\/em>\uff09\u7b49\u8bcd\u4e0a\u4ea6\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p><p>\u8d6b\u62c9\u5c14\u675c\u65af\u00b7\u8303\u5fb7\u83b1\u4e4c\uff08Gerardus van der Leeuw\uff09\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u878d\u5408\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a&#8221;\u795e\u5723\u6027\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u4f53\u73b0&#8221;\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u4f17\u591a\u5370\u6b27\u8bed\u7cfb\u548c\u963f\u5c14\u6cf0\u8bed\u7cfb\u81f3\u9ad8\u795e\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u8fd9\u4ece\u6839\u672c\u4e0a\u5c06\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u4e0e\u540e\u6765\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u7684\u795e\u7075\uff08\u5982<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/khormusta\/\">\u970d\u5c14\u7a46\u65af\u8fbe<\/a>\uff09\u533a\u522b\u5f00\u6765\u3002<\/p><p>\u9102\u5c14\u6d51\u6cb3\u4e0e\u53f6\u5c3c\u585e\u6cb3\u7684\u7a81\u53a5\u6c57\u56fd\u94ed\u6587\uff088\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\u63d0\u53ca <em>K\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Tengri<\/em>\uff08&#8221;\u7a81\u53a5\u4e4b\u5929&#8221;\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 <em>Tengri yarl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/em>\uff08&#8221;\u5929\u4e4b\u547d\u4ee4&#8221;\uff09\u8fd9\u4e00\u56fa\u5b9a\u8868\u8fbe\u3002\u8499\u53e4\u8bed\u4e2d\u540e\u6765\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u77ed\u8bed <em>M\u00f6ngke K\u00f6ke Tengri<\/em>\uff0c\u5373&#8221;\u6c38\u6052\u7684\u84dd\u5929&#8221;\uff0c\u89c1\u4e8e\u5927\u6c57\u8bcf\u4e66\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p><p>\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u6c99\u4fc4\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u62c9\u5fb7\u6d1b\u592b\uff08Wilhelm Radloff\uff09\u7b49\u5b66\u8005\u5c06\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u4f5c\u4e3a&#8221;\u7a81\u53a5\u4eba\u7684\u81f3\u9ad8\u795e&#8221;\u5f15\u5165\u5fb7\u8bed\u5b66\u672f\u6587\u732e\uff1b\u8ba9-\u4fdd\u7f57\u00b7\u9c81\uff08Jean-Paul Roux\uff09\u7b49\u540e\u7ee7\u5b66\u8005\u5219\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8fa8\u6790\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5f62\u8c61\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e0e\u56fe\u50cf\u5fd7<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u4ece\u672a\u5f62\u6210\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5fd7\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4e0e\u5185\u4e9a\u5404\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u795e\u7075\uff08\u5982\u4f5b\u6559\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u9ed1\u5929\u8bf8\u5f62\u8c61\uff09\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u59cb\u7ec8\u6ca1\u6709\u56fe\u50cf\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u65af\u5766\u548c\u5409\u5c14\u5409\u65af\u65af\u5766\u7684&#8221;\u590d\u5174\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6559&#8221;\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u867d\u5076\u6709\u4ee5\u592a\u9633\u3001\u9e70\u548c\u72fc\u7684\u56fe\u6848\u52a0\u4ee5\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5747\u672a\u5ef6\u7eed\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u5316\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd&#8221;\u65e0\u50cf\u6027&#8221;\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u4e0a\u610f\u4e49\u91cd\u5927\uff1a\u5b83\u5c06\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u5728\u7c7b\u578b\u5b66\u4e0a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u81f3\u9ad8\u795e\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5982\u65e7\u7ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u8036\u548c\u534e\uff08JHWH\uff09\u6216\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684&#8221;\u5929&#8221;\u3002<\/p><p>\u4ed6\u7684&#8221;\u5c45\u6240&#8221;\u662f\u82cd\u7a79\uff1b\u4ed6\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u662f\u96f7\u9e23\uff1b\u4ed6\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u662f\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u65e5\u5149\u3002\u5728\u963f\u5c14\u6cf0\u4eba\u548c\u96c5\u5e93\u7279\u4eba\u7684\u8428\u6ee1\u9882\u6b4c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u4ee5 <em>Aar Tojon<\/em> \u6216 <em>\u00dcr\u00fcn Aar Tojon<\/em>\uff08&#8221;\u767d\u8272\u5d07\u9ad8\u4e4b\u4e3b&#8221;\uff09\u7684\u540d\u53f7\u53ec\u5524\u3002<\/p><p>\u8428\u6ee1\u795e\u9f13\u7684\u5f69\u7ed8\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u90e8\u843d\u4e2d\u5448\u73b0\u4e09\u5c42\u5b87\u5b99\u56fe\u666f\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u59cb\u7ec8\u88ab\u7f6e\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u4e00\u5c42\uff1b\u795e\u9f13\u9f13\u9762\u672c\u8eab\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5b66\u8005\u770b\u6765\uff08\u5982\u7c73\u5c14\u6070\u00b7\u4f0a\u5229\u4e9a\u5fb7\uff08Mircea Eliade\uff09\u5728\u300a\u8428\u6ee1\u6559\uff1a\u53e4\u4ee3\u5165\u8ff7\u672f\u300b<em>Le chamanisme et les techniques archa\u00efques de l&#8217;Ekstase<\/em>\uff0c1951\u5e74\u4e2d\u6240\u8ff0\uff09\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u5c06\u8428\u6ee1\u9a6e\u5f80\u4e0a\u754c\u3001&#8221;\u524d\u5f80\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u5904&#8221;\u7684\u795e\u9a6c\u3002<\/p><p>\u4e0e\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u8bed\u5883\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6b21\u7ea7\u8c61\u5f81\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u767d\u9e70\uff08\u5929\u4e4b\u4f7f\u8005\uff09\u3001\u767d\u9a6c\uff08\u8428\u6ee1\u5750\u9a91\uff09\u3001\u4e5d\u7ea7\u9636\u68af\u5f62\uff08\u4e5d\u91cd\u5929\uff09\u3001\u91d1\u9489\uff08\u5317\u6781\u661f\uff0c&#8221;\u5929\u9489&#8221;\uff09\u3002<\/p><p>\u73b0\u4ee3\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u65af\u5766\u56fd\u5fbd\u4e2d\u7684\u5317\u6781\u661f\u88ab\u6709\u610f\u8be0\u91ca\u4e3a\u5bf9\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6559\u7684\u6307\u6d89\uff0c\u8fd9\u751f\u52a8\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u5b97\u6559\u4e0e\u8eab\u4efd\u653f\u6cbb\u5efa\u6784\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f20\u529b\u3002\u9a6c\u83b1\u5a1c\u00b7\u62c9\u9c81\u5c14\uff08Marlene Laruelle\uff0c2007\u5e74\uff09\u5c06\u6b64\u89c6\u4e3a\u65b0\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6559\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7279\u5f81\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u795e\u8bdd\u53d9\u4e8b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u9c9c\u5c11\u4ee5\u80fd\u52a8\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8e\u53d9\u4e8b\u6027<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u67d0\u4e00\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4f20\u7edf\u795e\u8bdd\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u603b\u79f0\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u8bdd<\/span>\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u66f4\u591a\u4f53\u73b0\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\u79e9\u5e8f\u800c\u975e\u6545\u4e8b\u60c5\u8282\u3002\u5728\u5c11\u6570\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u521b\u4e16\u795e\u8bdd\u548c\u6743\u529b\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u795e\u8bdd\u3002<\/p><p>\u8499\u53e4\u300a\u79d8\u53f2\u300b\uff081240\u5e74\uff09\u4ee5\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6240\u62e9\u4e4b\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4e3a\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u786e\u7acb\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\uff0c\u5176\u5d1b\u8d77\u88ab\u53cd\u590d\u4ee5 <em>M\u00f6ngke Tengri-yin k\u00fcch\u00fcn-t\u00fcr<\/em>\uff08&#8221;\u51ed\u501f\u6c38\u6052\u82cd\u5929\u4e4b\u529b&#8221;\uff09\u8fd9\u4e00\u8868\u8fbe\u52a0\u4ee5\u9610\u91ca\u3002<\/p><p>\u4f0a\u6208\u5c14\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u62c9\u8d6b\u7ef4\u5229\u8328\uff08Igor de Rachewiltz\uff09\u5728\u5176Brill\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u7248\u672c\uff082004\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u8003\u8bc1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u7528\u8bed\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u53ca\u5176\u795e\u5b66\u5206\u91cf\uff1a\u5b83\u6240\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u8d23\u4efb\u3002\u82e5\u53ef\u6c57\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u5df2\u5c06\u5176\u629b\u5f03\u3002<\/p><p>\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u62c9\u5fb7\u6d1b\u592b\uff08Wilhelm Radloff\uff09\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u4e00\u5219\u963f\u5c14\u6cf0\u521b\u4e16\u53d9\u4e8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\uff08\u6b64\u5904\u5316\u8eab\u4e3a<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/uelgen\/\">\u4e8e\u52d2\u6839<\/a>\uff09\u4e0e<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/erlik-khan\/\">\u989d\u5c14\u91cc\u514b\u6c57<\/a>\u5171\u540c\u4ece\u539f\u521d\u6d77\u6d0b\u4e2d\u6258\u8d77\u5927\u5730\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u989d\u5c14\u91cc\u514b\u56e0\u50b2\u6162\u7834\u574f\u79e9\u5e8f\u800c\u88ab\u653e\u9010\u4e8e\u5730\u4e0b\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u53d9\u4e8b\u5f62\u5f0f&#8211;\u6f5c\u6c34<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5173\u4e8e\u8bf8\u795e\u3001\u8d77\u6e90\u53ca\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u8bdd<\/span>&#8211;\u5c06\u4e2d\u4e9a<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u67d0\u4e00\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4f20\u7edf\u795e\u8bdd\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u603b\u79f0\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u8bdd<\/span>\u4e0e\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u53e4\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u53ca\u5317\u7f8e\u4f20\u7edf\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u7c73\u5c14\u6070\u00b7\u4f0a\u5229\u4e9a\u5fb7\uff08Mircea Eliade\uff09\u5c06\u6b64\u89c6\u4e3a\u73af\u6781\u5730\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u5316\u5c42\u7684\u4f50\u8bc1\u3002<\/p><p>\u7a81\u53a5\u6c57\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\uff08\u6bd7\u4f3d\u53ef\u6c57<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u523b\u51ff\u4e8e\u575a\u786c\u8f7d\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u94ed\u6587<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u53f6\u5c3c\u585e\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u611f\u53f9\uff1a&#8221;\u7a81\u53a5\u66fe\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\uff0c\u5f7c\u65f6\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u5728\u4e0a\uff0c\u5723\u5730\u5728\u4e0b\uff0c\u5171\u8d50\u4e88\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u738b\u56fd\u3002&#8221;\u8fd9\u4e00\u5efa\u56fd\u53d9\u4e8b\u5c06\u653f\u6cbb\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u76f4\u63a5\u6eaf\u6e90\u4e8e\u5929\u3002<\/p><p>\u5854\u62c9\u7279\u00b7\u7279\u91d1\uff08Talat Tekin\uff09\u5728\u5176\u6807\u51c6\u7248\u672c\uff081968\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u7bc7<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u523b\u51ff\u4e8e\u575a\u786c\u8f7d\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u94ed\u6587<\/span>\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u5176\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5316\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u7279\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u796d\u7940\u4e0e\u5d07\u62dc<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5bf9\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u795e\u7075\u6216\u795e\u5723\u5f62\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5b97\u6559\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4eea\u5f0f\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5d07\u62dc<\/span>\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<strong>\u56fd\u5bb6\u796d\u7940<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5e99\u5b87\u5d07\u62dc\u3002\u6ca1\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5723\u7960\uff1b\u796d\u7940\u5728\u9732\u5929\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5e38\u5728\u5c71\u53e3\u3001\u6556\u5305\uff08<em>obo<\/em>\uff09\u77f3\u5806\u5904\uff0c\u6216\u4ee5\u71c3\u70e7\u9a6c\u3001\u7f8a\u732e\u796d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3e\u884c\u3002<\/p><p>\u53ef\u6c57\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u4e2d\u4ecb\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd&#8221;\u5929\u5b50&#8221;\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5361\u7f57\u7433\u00b7\u6c49\u5f17\u83b1\uff08Caroline Humphrey\uff09\u5728\u300a\u8428\u6ee1\u4e0e\u957f\u8001\u300b\uff08<em>Shamans and Elders<\/em>\uff0c1996\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6b64\u5e73\u884c\u5173\u7cfb\u4f5c\u4e86\u6709\u529b\u8bba\u8bc1\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u6c11\u95f4\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0e\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u795e\u7075\u5b97\u6559\u76f8\u4e92\u4ea4\u878d\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u4eba\u7269\u662f\u7a81\u53a5\u8bed\u79f0\u4e3a <em>Kam<\/em>\u3001\u8499\u53e4\u8bed\u79f0\u4e3a <em>B\u00f6\u00f6<\/em> \u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u80fd\u5728\u4eba\u4e0e\u7075\u754c\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4e13\u95e8\u4eba\u58eb\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8428\u6ee1<\/span>\u3002\u8428\u6ee1\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u5411\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u7977\u544a&#8211;\u4ed6\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u8fc7\u4e8e\u9065\u8fdc&#8211;\u800c\u662f\u8f6c\u5411\u5982<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/umai\/\">\u4e4c\u8fc8<\/a>\u7b49\u8f85\u52a9\u795e\u7075\u3001\u7956\u5148\u6216\u52a8\u7269\u5b88\u62a4\u7075\u3002<\/p><p>\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u65e0\u5f62\u4fdd\u969c\u8005\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd&#8221;\u81f3\u9ad8\u795e\u7684\u758f\u8fdc\u6027&#8221;\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u4e0a\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a <em>deus otiosus<\/em>\uff08\u65e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u795e\uff09\uff0c\u7c73\u5c14\u6070\u00b7\u4f0a\u5229\u4e9a\u5fb7\uff08Mircea Eliade\uff09\u53ca\u540e\u6765\u7684\u62c9\u6cd5\u57c3\u83b1\u00b7\u4f69\u5854\u4f50\u5c3c\uff08Raffaele Pettazzoni\uff09\u5747\u5bf9\u6b64\u6982\u5ff5\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002<\/p><p>\u968f\u774010\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u6765\u7a81\u53a5\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u5316\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u4e00\u8bcd\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u79fb\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u79f0\u5b89\u62c9\uff08\u53c2\u89c1\u9791\u977c\u8bed <em>T\u00e4ngre<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5219\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f02\u6559\u6b8b\u4f59\u906d\u5230\u538b\u5236\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u8fb9\u7f18\u5730\u533a\u548c\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u795e\u7075\u6216\u795e\u5723\u5f62\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u5b97\u6559\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4eea\u5f0f\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u5d07\u62dc<\/span>\u4fdd\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\u8f83\u957f\uff1b\u81ea17\u4e16\u7eaa\u8499\u53e4\u4f5b\u6559\u5316\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u7684\u4f5b\u6559\u81f3\u9ad8\u795e\u6240\u53e0\u52a0\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u74e6\u5c14\u7279\u00b7\u6d77\u897f\u5e0c\uff08Walther Heissig\uff09\u5728\u300a\u8499\u53e4\u8bf8\u5b97\u6559\u300b\uff08<em>Die Religionen der Mongolei<\/em>\uff0c1970\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u53e0\u73b0\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e86\u8be6\u5c3d\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u62a4\u8eab\u4e60\u4fd7\u4e0e\u8f9f\u90aa\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u4ece\u5b66\u672f\u89d2\u5ea6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u7efc\u5408\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u62a4\u8eab\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u7948\u6c42\u6cbb\u6108\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u884c\u4e3a\uff1a\u5c0a\u5d07\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u8005\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e4b\u5185\uff0c\u8fdd\u80cc\u8005\u5219\u8131\u843d\u5176\u5916\u3002\u8f9f\u90aa\u884c\u4e3a\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4fdd\u62a4\u795e\u5723\u5c71\u5cb3\uff08\u535a\u683c\u591a\u5c71\uff09\u7684&#8221;\u6d01\u51c0&#8221;\u3001\u907f\u514d\u6c61\u67d3\u6c34\u6e90\u6216\u706b\u7130\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5411\u592a\u9633\u548c\u5929\u7a7a\u65bd\u884c\u4eea\u5f0f\u6027\u95ee\u5019\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u5bb6\u5c45\u5c42\u9762\uff0c<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/umai\/\">\u4e4c\u8fc8<\/a>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6bcd\u4eb2\u4e0e\u513f\u7ae5\u5973\u795e\u627f\u62c5\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u62a4\u4f51\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5b97\u6559\u4e2d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u5f80\u5f80\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81f3\u9ad8\u795e\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u80cc\u666f\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e00\u5207\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u62a4\u8eab\u884c\u4e3a\u624d\u83b7\u5f97\u5176\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u5f17\u62c9\u57fa\u7c73\u5c14\u00b7\u5df4\u897f\u6d1b\u592b\uff08Vladimir Basilov\uff09\u5728\u300a\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u8428\u6ee1\u6559\u300b\uff08<em>Shamanism in Siberia<\/em>\uff0c1984\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u5212\u5206\u4f5c\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/p><p>\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u8f9f\u90aa\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u5d07\u62dc\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u6556\u5305\uff08<em>ovoo<\/em>\uff09<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5177\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u6216\u6587\u5316\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3001\u6309\u56fa\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4eea\u5f0f<\/span>\uff1a\u5728\u5c71\u53e3\u5806\u780c\u77f3\u5806\uff0c\u4ee5\u84dd\u8272\u5e03\u6761\uff08<em>khadag<\/em>\uff09\u88c5\u9970\uff0c\u9a91\u9a6c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65f6\u7ed5\u884c\u4e09\u5708\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u4e3a\u88ab\u8be0\u91ca\u4e3a\u7948\u6c42\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u53ca\u5730\u65b9\u5b88\u62a4\u7075\u5e87\u62a4\u4e4b\u4e3e\uff1b\u4ece\u5b66\u672f\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5b97\u6559\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u53ef\u8bc1\u5b9e\u7684\u6548\u9a8c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u5bdf\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8499\u53e4\u5b66\u7ecf\u5178\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u6210\u679c\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u5e73\u884c\u73b0\u8c61<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u4ece\u5b97\u6559\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u65bd\u5bc6\u7279\uff08Wilhelm Schmidt\uff09\u5728\u5176\u5341\u4e8c\u5377\u672c\u300a\u795e\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u300b\uff08<em>Ursprung der Gottesidee<\/em>\uff0c1912\u5e74\u30011955\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u7cfb\u7edf\u68b3\u7406\u7684&#8221;\u6700\u9ad8\u5b58\u5728&#8221;\u8c31\u7cfb\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u53ef\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5420\u9640\u8bed <em>Dyaus Pitar<\/em>\u3001\u5e0c\u814a\u5b99\u65af-\u7236\uff08Zeus-Pater\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u5317\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u63d0\u5c14\uff08Tyr\uff09\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u57fa\u8d28\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684&#8221;\u5929&#8221;\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u672c\u5730\u7684\u96c5\u5e93\u7279 <em>\u00dcr\u00fcn Aar Tojon<\/em>\uff08\u81f3\u9ad8\u795e\u7684\u7279\u5316\u5f62\u6001\uff09\u3002\u4e4c\u6208\u5c14\u8bed\u65cf\u7684Num\u4e0e\u82ac\u5170\u7684\u4e4c\u79d1\uff08Ukko\uff09\u4ea6\u5448\u73b0\u7c7b\u578b\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u3002<\/p><p>\u7136\u800c\u4e0e\u95ea\u7c73\u7279\u521b\u4e16\u795e\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc<strong>\u65e0\u6cd5<\/strong>\u4ee5\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u65b9\u5f0f\u52a0\u4ee5\u53d9\u8ff0\uff1b\u4ed6\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u4f0a\u5229\u4e9a\u5fb7\uff08Eliade\uff09\u6240\u8c13\u7684 <em>deus otiosus<\/em>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a&#8221;\u65e0\u4e3a\u4e4b\u795e&#8221;\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5e72\u9884\u5bf9\u4ed6\u800c\u8a00\u8fdc\u4e0d\u5982\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8eab\u5207\u8fd1\u3002<\/p><p><em>deus otiosus<\/em> \u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u8d2f\u7a7f\u6574\u4e2a\u5b97\u6559\u73b0\u8c61\u5b66\uff0c\u62c9\u6cd5\u57c3\u83b1\u00b7\u4f69\u5854\u4f50\u5c3c\uff08Raffaele Pettazzoni\uff09\u5728\u300a\u539f\u59cb\u5b97\u6559\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5b58\u5728\u300b\uff08<em>L&#8217;essere supremo nelle religioni primitive<\/em>\uff0c1957\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u5bf9\u65bd\u5bc6\u7279\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6279\u5224\u6027\u56de\u5e94\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd&#8221;\u5929&#8221;\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5c24\u4e3a\u5bc6\u5207\uff1a\u4e24\u8005\u5747\u5c06\u5929\u7a7a\u4e0e<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u5b97\u6559\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u795e\u5723\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u7075<\/span>\u878d\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\uff0c\u5747\u4e3a\u7edf\u6cbb\u6743\u63d0\u4f9b\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u4f9d\u636e\uff08&#8221;\u5929\u5b50&#8221;\u5bf9&#8221;\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6240\u62e9\u4e4b\u4eba&#8221;\uff09\uff0c\u5747\u65e0\u56fe\u50cf\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f71\u54cd\u65b9\u5411\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u6c49\u5b66\u4e0e\u7a81\u53a5\u5b66\u6301\u7eed\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5f53\u4ee3\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0e\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u81ea1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6559\u5728\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u65af\u5766\u3001\u5409\u5c14\u5409\u65af\u65af\u5766\u53ca\u5185\u8499\u53e4\u7b49\u5730\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u590d\u5174\u3002<\/p><p>\u5965\u5c14\u624e\u65af\u00b7\u82cf\u83b1\u4f0a\u6885\u8bfa\u592b\uff08Olzhas Suleimenov\uff09\u548c\u52aa\u5c14\u9a6c\u7518\u8d1d\u7279\u00b7\u963f\u5c24\u6ce2\u592b\uff08Nurmagambet Ayupov\uff09\u7b49\u4f5c\u8005\u5c06\u5176\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e3a\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u4e0e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e4b\u5916\u7684&#8221;\u7cbe\u795e\u66ff\u4ee3\u9009\u62e9&#8221;\uff1b\u5728\u8499\u53e4\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6559\u4e0e\u85cf\u4f20\u4f5b\u6559\u516c\u5f00\u5171\u5b58\u3002\u9a6c\u83b1\u5a1c\u00b7\u62c9\u9c81\u5c14\uff08Marlene Laruelle\uff0c2007\u5e74\uff09\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u590d\u5174\u73b0\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6279\u5224\u6027\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p><p>\u5f53\u4ee3\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6559\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u5448\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u6001\u52bf\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u5b66\u8005\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u62c9\u5fb7\u6d1b\u592b\uff08Wilhelm Radloff\uff09\u3001\u5f17\u62c9\u57fa\u7c73\u5c14\u00b7\u5df4\u897f\u6d1b\u592b\uff08Vladimir Basilov\uff09\u3001\u8ba9-\u4fdd\u7f57\u00b7\u9c81\uff08Jean-Paul Roux\uff09\u3001\u5b89\u5fb7\u70c8\u00b7\u5179\u7eb3\u660e\u65af\u57fa\uff08Andrei Znamenski\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e13\u7814\u8499\u53e4\u53f2\u7684\u4f0a\u6208\u5c14\u00b7\u5fb7\u00b7\u62c9\u8d6b\u7ef4\u5229\u8328\uff08Igor de Rachewiltz\uff09&#8211;\u540e\u8005\u4ee5\u6ce8\u91ca\u7248\u300a\u79d8\u53f2\u300b\u8457\u79f0\u3002<\/p><p>\u7c73\u5c14\u6070\u00b7\u4f0a\u5229\u4e9a\u5fb7\uff08Mircea Eliade\uff09\u5728\u5176<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u7531\u4e13\u95e8\u4eba\u58eb\u4e0e\u7075\u754c\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8428\u6ee1\u6559<\/span>\u4e13\u8457\u4e2d\u5c06\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u79ef\u6781\u8428\u6ee1\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5178\u578b\u6848\u4f8b\uff1b\u7f57\u8d1d\u5c14\u7279\u00b7\u963f\u9a6c\u6c38\uff08Roberte Hamayon\uff09\u540e\u6765\u5728\u300a\u7075\u9b42\u4e4b\u730e\u300b\uff08<em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em>\uff0c1990\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6279\u5224\u6027\u4fee\u6b63\u3002<\/p><p>\u4ece\u5b66\u672f\u89d2\u5ea6\u5e94\u5f53\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee3\u65b0\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6559\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u73b0\u4ee3\u91cd\u6784\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u8349\u539f\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6559\u7b49\u540c\u89c6\u4e4b\u3002\u5b66\u754c\u8b66\u793a\u4e0d\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u5355\u5316\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3b\u5f20\u5bf9\u6587\u732e\u6765\u6e90\u4f5c\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u5212\u5206\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5b66\u672f\u4e89\u8bba\u4e0e\u60ac\u800c\u672a\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u82e5\u5e72\u5b66\u672f\u4e89\u8bba\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u5851\u9020\u7740\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9762\u8c8c\u3002\u5176\u4e00\uff1a\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6700\u521d\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u81f3\u9ad8\u795e\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6db5\u76d6\u6574\u4e2a\u5929\u754c\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u6982\u5ff5\uff1f\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u5173\u4e8e&#8221;99\u817e\u683c\u91cc&#8221;\uff0833\u4f4d\u897f\u65b9\u767d\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u300144\u4f4d\u4e1c\u65b9\u9ed1\u817e\u683c\u91cc\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a22\u4f4d\u4e2d\u95f4\u817e\u683c\u91cc\uff09\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u590d\u6570\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u53e4\u7a81\u53a5\u94ed\u6587\u5219\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u5355\u6570\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/p><p>\u74e6\u5c14\u7279\u00b7\u6d77\u897f\u5e0c\uff08Walther Heissig\uff09\u5728\u300a\u8499\u53e4\u8bf8\u5b97\u6559\u300b\uff08<em>Die Religionen der Mongolei<\/em>\uff0c1970\u5e74\uff09\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f5c\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u68b3\u7406\u3002<\/p><p>\u5176\u4e8c\uff1a\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u4e0e<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u7531\u4e13\u95e8\u4eba\u58eb\u4e0e\u7075\u754c\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8428\u6ee1\u6559<\/span>\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5e94\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\uff1f\u7f57\u8d1d\u5c14\u7279\u00b7\u963f\u9a6c\u6c38\uff08Roberte Hamayon\uff09\u53cd\u9a73\u4e86\u4f0a\u5229\u4e9a\u5fb7\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u7531\u4e13\u95e8\u4eba\u58eb\u4e0e\u7075\u754c\u6c9f\u901a\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8428\u6ee1\u6559<\/span>\u5e76\u975e\u72ec\u7acb\u7684&#8221;\u53e4\u4ee3\u5165\u8ff7\u6280\u672f&#8221;\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u72e9\u730e\u4e0e\u4eb2\u5c5e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff1b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u8428\u6ee1\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u80cc\u666f\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002<\/p><p>\u5176\u4e09\uff1a\u4f0a\u6717\u5f71\u54cd\u626e\u6f14\u4e86\u4f55\u79cd\u89d2\u8272\uff1f\u4e8e\u9617\u8bed\u548c\u7c9f\u7279\u8bed\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u5a92\u4ecb\u4f7f\u963f\u80e1\u62c9\u00b7\u9a6c\u5179\u8fbe\uff08Ahura Mazda\uff09\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u76f8\u4e92\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u665a\u671f<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/khormusta\/\">\u970d\u5c14\u7a46\u65af\u8fbe<\/a>\u7efc\u5408\u4f53\u4e2d\u6e05\u6670\u53ef\u89c1\u3002\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u533a\u5206&#8221;\u672c\u571f\u817e\u683c\u91cc&#8221;\u4e0e&#8221;\u878d\u5408\u4e3b\u4e49\u817e\u683c\u91cc&#8221;\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u4e48\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u96be\u9898\u6700\u7ec8\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5185\u4e9a\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u7684\u6240\u6709\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp23e73899 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp23e73899\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2fa99b9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2fa99b9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u82cd\u5929\u4f5c\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u4e4b\u6e90\uff1a\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u5728\u53e4\u7a81\u53a5\u94ed\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u89d2\u8272<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2c162290 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2c162290\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp268040b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp268040b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u3001\u6700\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8bc1\u636e\u6765\u81ea\u4eca\u8499\u53e4\u5883\u5185\u9102\u5c14\u6d51\u6cb3\u8c37\u7684\u53e4\u7a81\u53a5\u5982\u5c3c\u6587\u94ed\u6587\uff0c\u5e74\u4ee3\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u81f38\u4e16\u7eaa\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u662f\u7eaa\u5ff5\u9619\u7279\u52e4\u738b\u5b50\u548c\u6bd7\u4f3d\u53ef\u6c57\u7684\u4e24\u7bc7\u94ed\u6587\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u94ed\u6587\u4ee5\u4e00\u5957\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u4e66\u5199\uff0c\u4e39\u9ea6\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ef4\u5c14\u8d6b\u5c14\u59c6\u00b7\u6c64\u59c6\u68ee\uff08Vilhelm Thomsen\uff09\u4e8e19\u4e16\u7eaa\u672b\u6210\u529f\u91ca\u8bfb\uff0c\u4f7f\u53e4\u7a81\u53a5\u5386\u53f2\u9996\u6b21\u5f97\u4ee5\u4ece\u672c\u571f\u6587\u732e\u89d2\u5ea6\u52a0\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u94ed\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u9996\u8981\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u662f\u7edf\u6cbb\u6743\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u8005\u4e0e\u4fdd\u969c\u8005\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u53cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5927\u610f\u4e3a\uff1a\u82cd\u5929\u6388\u547d\u53ef\u6c57\uff0c\u541b\u4e3b\u51ed\u5929\u4e4b\u529b\u800c\u6cbb\u3002<\/p><p>\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u5728\u6b64\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4\u662f\u67d0\u4e00\u7cbe\u5fc3\u9610\u8ff0\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u5173\u4e8e\u8bf8\u795e\u3001\u8d77\u6e90\u53ca\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u53d9\u4e8b\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u8bdd<\/span>\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8d4b\u4e88\u5e76\u53ef\u6536\u56de\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u82e5\u6c11\u4f17\u504f\u79bb\u6b63\u9053\uff0c\u591a\u5904\u6bb5\u843d\u7684\u57fa\u8c03\u5747\u663e\u793a\uff1a\u82cd\u5929\u5c06\u6536\u56de\u5176\u5e87\u62a4\u3002<\/p><p>\u5929\u795e\u4e0e\u7edf\u6cbb\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u5173\u8054\u662f\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6559\u4ece\u6700\u65e9\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u6240\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5929\u547d\u89c2\u5ff5\u540e\u6765\u89c1\u4e8e\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\uff0c\u6210\u5409\u601d\u6c57\u53ca\u5176\u540e\u7ee7\u8005\u660e\u786e\u4ee5\u6c38\u6052\u82cd\u5929\u4e4b\u610f\u5fd7\u4e3a\u5176\u7edf\u6cbb\u6743\u5f20\u76ee\u3002<\/p><p>\u9102\u5c14\u6d51\u94ed\u6587\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5177\u6709\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5728\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u4e0e\u7edf\u6cbb\u53f2\u4e0a\u540c\u6837\u5f25\u8db3\u73cd\u8d35\uff1a\u5b83\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u652f\u67f1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5f7c\u65f6\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u540e\u6765\u7684\u6587\u732e\u4ee5\u5916\u6765\u5f71\u54cd\u52a0\u4ee5\u6539\u5851\u3002\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5929\u754c\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u5176\u4ed6<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/siboliya-shamanism\/\">\u5185\u4e9a\u6587\u5316<\/a>\u4e2d\u4ea6\u6709\u8ff9\u53ef\u5faa\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp23886c36 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp23886c36\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2a626ab6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2a626ab6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u817e\u683c\u91cc\uff1a\u4e00\u795e\u8bba\u8be0\u91ca\u4e0e\u8428\u6ee1\u591a\u795e\u5b87\u5b99\u89c2\u4e4b\u95f4<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp263d60fc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp263d60fc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp24b80099 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp24b80099\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp21a28b01 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp21a28b01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp21ba36c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp21ba36c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6587\u732e\u72b6\u51b5\uff1a\u5916\u90e8\u62a5\u9053\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u4e0e\u91cd\u6784\u96be\u9898<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp245c69c8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp245c69c8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2182fa7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2182fa7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u7814\u7a76\u9762\u4e34\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u672c\u6027\u7684\u6587\u732e\u96be\u9898\u3002\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u672c\u571f\u8bc1\u636e&#8211;\u9102\u5c14\u6d51\u94ed\u6587&#8211;\u5185\u5bb9\u7b80\u77ed\uff0c\u4e14\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u7edf\u6cbb\u80cc\u666f\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u53ca\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e66\u9762\u81ea\u6211\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b8c\u5168\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u76f8\u5173\u6c11\u65cf\u672a\u80fd\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u6216\u5176<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u53d9\u4e8b\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e16\u4ee3\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u4f20\u627f<\/span>\u4ee5\u53e3\u5934\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p><p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u77e5\u8bc6\u6765\u81ea\u5916\u90e8\u62a5\u9053\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u53f2\u4e66\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e86\u8349\u539f\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u60c5\u51b5\uff1b\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u65c5\u884c\u8005\u5982\u9c81\u4e0d\u9c81\u4e5e\uff08Wilhelm von Rubruk\uff09\u548c\u67cf\u6717\u5609\u5bbe\uff08Giovanni da Pian del Carpine\uff09\u4ece\u6b27\u6d32\u89c6\u89d2\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u7684\u5b97\u6559\uff1b\u6ce2\u65af\u548c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4f5c\u8005\u4ea6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u732e\u5f25\u8db3\u73cd\u8d35\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u5e26\u6709\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0e\u6982\u5ff5\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u670918\u81f320\u4e16\u7eaa\u5173\u4e8e\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u548c\u4e2d\u4e9a\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u662f\u5df2\u5927\u5e45\u53d8\u8fc1\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u53e0\u52a0\u4e86\u4f5b\u6559\u3001\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u6765\u82cf\u8054\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u53cd\u5b97\u6559\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/p><p>\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6559\u7684\u91cd\u6784\u5fc5\u987b\u6574\u5408\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6765\u6e90\u5404\u5f02\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6f5c\u85cf\u7740\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u4ee5\u665a\u8fd1\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u89c2\u5bdf\u53cd\u63a8\u67d0\u79cd\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6216\u4ee5\u8349\u539f\u6c11\u65cf\u5fd7\u6750\u6599\u586b\u8865\u7b80\u77ed\u94ed\u6587\u7684\u7a7a\u767d\uff0c\u5747\u6709\u5931\u4e4b\u6b66\u65ad\u4e4b\u865e\u3002<\/p><p>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u8c28\u4e25\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u56e0\u6b64\u4e25\u683c\u533a\u5206\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e0e\u5730\u533a\u786e\u6709\u6587\u732e\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ecd\u5c5e\u91cd\u6784\u4e0e\u5047\u8bbe\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5c31\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u800c\u8a00\uff1a\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u9ad8\u5929\u754c\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u5145\u5206\u8bc1\u636e\u652f\u6491\uff0c\u800c\u8bb8\u591a\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u5219\u5e94\u4fdd\u6301\u5ba1\u614e\u6001\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff08\u9009\u7f16\uff09<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Jean-Paul Roux: <em>La religion des Turcs et des Mongols<\/em> (Payot 1984)<\/li><li>Vladimir Basilov: <em>Shamanism in Siberia<\/em> (1984)<\/li><li>Wilhelm Radloff: <em>Aus Sibirien<\/em> (1893)<\/li><li>Mircea Eliade: <em>Le chamanisme et les techniques archa\u00efques de l&#8217;Ekstase<\/em> (1951)<\/li><li>Igor de Rachewiltz: <em>The Secret History of the Mongols<\/em> (Brill 2004)<\/li><li>Andrei Znamenski: <em>Shamanism and Western Imagination<\/em> (2007)<\/li><li>Marlene Laruelle: <em>Tengrism<\/em> (2007)<\/li><li>Talat Tekin: <em>A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic<\/em> (1968)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>\u76f8\u5173\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u817e\u683c\u91cc M\u00f6ngke K\u00f6ke Tengri \u7a81\u53a5\u6c57\u56fd \u9102\u5c14\u6d51 \u6bd7\u4f3d\u53ef\u6c57 deus otiosus\u3002<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-tengri\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard \u4e0e\u62a4\u8eab\u4f20\u7edf<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard \u627f\u88ad\u4e86\u53ef\u4f69\u6234\u62a4\u8eab\u5668\u7269\u8fd9\u4e00\u6587\u5316\u5386\u53f2\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u690d\u6839\u4e8e<a href=\"\/zh-hans\/siboliya-shamanism\/\">\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\uff0f\u817e\u683c\u91cc\u6559<\/a>\u53ca\u5168\u7403\u4f17\u591a\u6587\u5316\u7684\u62a4\u8eab\u4e60\u4fd7\u300241\u5c42\uff0c\u8db3\u91d1\uff0c\u94c2\u91d1\uff0c\u767d\u94f6\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u5236\u9020\u300230\u5929\u9000\u8d27\u4fdd\u969c\u3002<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-tengri-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-tengri-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" 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