{"id":67673,"date":"2026-08-01T15:07:43","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T15:07:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/%e6%a0%bc%e8%90%a8%e5%b0%94%e7%8e%8b\/"},"modified":"2026-08-01T15:08:08","modified_gmt":"2026-08-01T15:08:08","slug":"gesar-wang","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/zh-hans\/gesar-wang\/","title":{"rendered":"\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u738b"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"67673\" class=\"elementor elementor-67673 elementor-3051\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87d2ada e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"87d2ada\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ac6fc8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2ac6fc8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-422fa97 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"422fa97\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d166bc7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d166bc7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u738b\uff0c\u85cf\u65cf\u82f1\u96c4\u53f2\u8bd7<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10ce150 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"10ce150\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u738b\uff08Gesar\uff09\u662f\u8fc4\u4eca\u4ecd\u7531\u6b4c\u624b\u53e3\u5934\u541f\u8bf5\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5b8f\u5927\u7684\u85cf\u65cf\u82f1\u96c4\u53f2\u8bd7\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u5cad\u00b7\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u738b\uff08\u85cf\u6587\uff1aGling Ge-sar rgyal-po\uff09\u662f\u85cf\u65cf\u6c11\u65cf\u53f2\u8bd7\u4e2d\u7684\u795e\u8bdd\u541b\u4e3b\uff0c\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5185\u4e9a\u53d9\u4e8b\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u82f1\u96c4\u5f62\u8c61\u3002<\/p><p>\u300a\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u300b\u53f2\u8bd7\u5b8c\u6574\u7248\u672c\u903e\u767e\u4e07\u8bd7\u884c\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u73b0\u5b58\u6700\u957f\u7684\u6d3b\u6001\u53f2\u8bd7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e2009\u5e74\u88ab\u5217\u5165\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u975e\u7269\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u540d\u5f55\u3002\u8fc4\u4eca\uff0c\u8be5\u53f2\u8bd7\u4ecd\u4ee5\u591a\u79cd\u53d8\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u7531\u897f\u85cf\u3001\u8499\u53e4\u3001\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9a\u7279\u3001\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u53ca\u4e0d\u4e39\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u6b4c\u624b\u4f20\u5531\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b0985e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0b0985e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebc04dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"ebc04dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u795e\uff0f\u5973\u795e\uff1a\u67d0\u4e00\u6587\u5316\u4e07\u795e\u6bbf\u4e2d\u4eba\u683c\u5316\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u804c\u80fd\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u81ea\u7136\u529b\u91cf\u3001\u547d\u8fd0\u3001\u6218\u4e89\u4e0e\u4e30\u4ea7\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u796d\u7940\u3001\u732e\u796d\u4e0e\u795e\u5e99\u5236\u5ea6\u63a5\u53d7\u5d07\u62dc\u3002\">\u795e<\/span><a href=\"\/zh-hans\/tibet\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" 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class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u76ee\u5f55\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e1c2f54\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e1c2f54\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg 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975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77063d0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"77063d0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5da61ab iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5da61ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_tibet_gesar-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3271\" alt=\"Gesar - G\u00f6tter aus der Tibet-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_tibet_gesar-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_tibet_gesar-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_tibet_gesar-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_tibet_gesar.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ea962f e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7ea962f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fdeb0d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4fdeb0d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd6b83c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cd6b83c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6587\u732e\u72b6\u51b5\u4e0e\u6587\u672c\u53f2<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c6ed28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c6ed28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u300a\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u300b\u53f2\u8bd7\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8bb0\u8f7d\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u81f314\u81f316\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4f46\u53e3\u5934\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u8fdc\u6bd4\u8fd9\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e45\u8fdc\u3002<\/p><p>R. A. Stein \u5728\u300aRecherches sur l&#8217;\u00e9pop\u00e9e et le barde au Tibet\u300b\uff081959\uff09\u4e2d\u68b3\u7406\u4e86\u6587\u672c\u53f2\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u8be5\u53f2\u8bd7\u5b58\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u533a\u57df\u6027\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u65f6\u5dee\u5f02\u663e\u8457\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u6536\u85cf\u4e8e\u85cf\u533a\u5bfa\u9662\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u572830\u81f3120\u5377\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>Per S\u00f8rensen \u4e0e Andreas Gruschke \u5728\u5176\u85cf\u65cf\u5386\u53f2\u4e0e\u5730\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u53f2\u8bd7\u4e0e\u85cf\u4e1c\uff08\u5eb7\u533a\u3001\u5b89\u591a\uff09\u53ca\u56db\u5ddd\u3001\u9752\u6d77\u3001\u7518\u8083\u8fb9\u5883\u5730\u533a\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u3002<\/p><p>\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u6240\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u5cad\u56fd\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0e\u9ec4\u6cb3\u4e0a\u6e38\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5730\u57df\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u8fc4\u4eca\u5c1a\u65e0\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002Klaus Sagaster \u5728\u5176\u8499\u53e4\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u4f20\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u53f2\u8bd7\u5411\u8499\u53e4\u8349\u539f\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u8def\u5f84\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u672c\u571f\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-508239c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"508239c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60f77a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60f77a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5185\u5bb9\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30e3a51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"30e3a51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u53f2\u8bd7\u4ee5\u5929\u754c\u51b3\u8bae\u5f00\u7bc7\uff1a\u4e3a\u62ef\u6551\u88ab\u6076\u9b54\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u5cad\u56fd\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u6d3e\u9063\u4e00\u4f4d\u83e9\u8428\u82f1\u96c4\u964d\u4e34\u4eba\u95f4\u3002\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u751f\u4e3a\u68b5\u5929\u4e4b\u5b50\u4e0e\u4eba\u95f4\u5973\u5b50\u90ed\u59c6\u4e4b\u5b50\u3002<\/p><p>\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u95f4\u540d\u5b57\u4e3a\u89c9\u5982\uff08Joru\uff09\uff0c\u7ae5\u5e74\u5145\u6ee1\u5c48\u8fb1\u4e0e\u8bef\u89e3\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u5728\u4e00\u573a\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u5730\u593a\u51a0\u7684\u8d5b\u9a6c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u624d\u88ab\u6b63\u5f0f\u627f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5cad\u56fd\u4e4b\u738b\uff0c\u5e76\u53d6\u5f97\u738b\u540d&#8221;\u683c\u8428\u5c14&#8221;\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u53f2\u8bd7\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u90e8\u5206\u753118\u6bb5\u6240\u8c13&#8221;\u5f81\u670d&#8221;\uff08\u85cf\u6587\uff1adgra &#8216;dul\uff09\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u8bb2\u8ff0\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u5f81\u8ba8\u6076\u9b54\u3001\u66b4\u541b\u4e0e\u654c\u56fd\u541b\u738b\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u9886\u5730\u7eb3\u5165\u4f5b\u6cd5\u7edf\u8f96\u4e4b\u4e0b\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/p><p>\u6700\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u7bc7\u7ae0\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5f81\u670d\u5317\u65b9\u970d\u5c14\u3001\u5f81\u670d\u5357\u65b9\u95e8\u56fd\u3001\u5f81\u670d\u4e1c\u65b9\u964d\u56fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u7ec8\u5f81\u670d\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fb9\u5883\u94c1\u57ce\u5821\u3002\u53f2\u8bd7\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u8fd4\u5f52\u5929\u754c\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb8\u8bfa\u5728\u672b\u4e16\u65f6\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6551\u4e16\u4e3b\u4e4b\u8eab\u91cd\u8fd4\u4eba\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b972b1e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b972b1e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf6e3e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bf6e3e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5386\u53f2\u5c42\u6b21\u4e0e\u795e\u8bdd\u5c42\u6b21<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f188d66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f188d66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Geoffrey Samuel \u5728\u300aCivilized Shamans\u300b\uff081993\uff09\u4e2d\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u300a\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u300b\u53f2\u8bd7\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u5212\u5206\u51fa\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u5c42\u9762\u3002\u5728\u524d\u4f5b\u6559\u82ef\u6559\u5c42\uff0c\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u5448\u73b0\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u8428\u6ee1\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u795e\u5723\u541b\u738b\uff1b\u5728\u4f5b\u6559\u5c42\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u5851\u9020\u4e3a\u83e9\u8428\u4e0e\u62a4\u6cd5\u8005\uff1b\u5728\u665a\u671f\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u5c5e\u4e8e\u683c\u9c81\u6d3e\u4e0e\u5b81\u739b\u6d3e\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u83b2\u82b1\u751f\u5927\u58eb\u53ca\u5bc6\u5b97\u4fee\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u5404\u4f20\u627f\u7248\u672c\u5185\u90e8\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5f20\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5c06\u683c\u8428\u5c14\uff08Gesar\uff09\u4e0e\u62c9\u4e01\u6587&#8221;\u51ef\u6492&#8221;\uff08Caesar\uff09\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8ba4\u5b9a\uff08\u7ecf\u6ce2\u65af\u8bed\u548c\u56de\u9e58\u8bed\u4e2d\u4ecb\u4f20\u4e3a&#8221;Kesar&#8221;\uff09\u662f Stein \u7b49\u5b66\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8f83\u65e9\u5047\u8bf4\uff0c\u6709\u8bed\u97f3\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u732e\u652f\u6491\u3002<\/p><p>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u5305\u62ec Lauran Hartley \u4e0e\u767d\u9a6c\u672c\uff08Pema Bhum\uff09\uff0c\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6838\u5fc3\u8ffd\u6eaf\u81f311\u621612\u4e16\u7eaa\u67d0\u4f4d\u771f\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u85cf\u5730\u5730\u65b9\u738b\uff0c\u540e\u88ab\u795e\u5316\u4e3a\u4f20\u8bf4\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u5b9a\u8bba\u5c1a\u5f85\u5b66\u754c\u5398\u6e05\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6f9b6d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f6f9b6d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8280c51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8280c51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u541f\u8bf5\u5f62\u5f0f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2aef01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2aef01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u8be5\u53f2\u8bd7\u7531\u804c\u4e1a\u6b4c\u624b\u541f\u8bf5\uff0c\u5728\u85cf\u65cf\u4f20\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b4c\u624b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a&#8221;\u4ef2\u80af&#8221;\uff08sgrung-mkhan\uff09\u6216&#8221;\u5cad\u5df4&#8221;\uff08gling-pa\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u58f0\u79f0\u5e76\u975e\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u68a6\u4e2d\u6216\u5f02\u8c61\u4e2d\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u53f2\u8bd7\u7684\u4f20\u6388\u3002<\/p><p>\u90e8\u5206\u6b4c\u624b\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e00&#8221;\u9885\u9aa8\u6301\u6709\u8005&#8221;\u4f20\u627f\uff0c\u636e\u79f0\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4f20\u6388\u5730\u70b9\u7531\u7075\u4f53\u5c06\u53f2\u8bd7\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u80e1\u91d1\u666e\u3001\u6768\u6069\u6d2a\u4e0e Lauran Hartley \u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u6587\u5316\u5b9e\u8df5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5b8c\u6574\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6f14\u5531\u65f6\u957f\u53ef\u8fbe\u6570\u5468\u3002\u5355\u4e2a\u7bc7\u7ae0\u7684\u6f14\u5531\u65f6\u95f4\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a2\u81f312\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002<\/p><p>\u6b4c\u624b\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u5e3d\u9970\u3001\u9f13\u548c\u9aa8\u7b1b\uff0c\u4e0e\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u4e2d\u4e9a\u8bf4\u5531\u4f20\u7edf\u4e00\u8109\u76f8\u627f\u3002\u5b66\u754c\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u5409\u5c14\u5409\u65af\u65af\u5766\u7684&#8221;\u739b\u7eb3\u65af\u5947&#8221;\uff08\u300a\u739b\u7eb3\u65af\u300b\u53f2\u8bd7\u6b4c\u624b\uff09\u53ca\u8499\u53e4\u7684&#8221;\u7ea6\u52d2\u5947&#8221;\uff08y\u00f6r\u00f6\u00f6lchi\uff09\u76f8\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002Klaus Sagaster \u4e0e Walther Heissig \u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bf4\u5531\u4f20\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59a4dd6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"59a4dd6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d787b8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d787b8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5b97\u6559\u610f\u4e49<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9ca0a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c9ca0a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u5728\u85cf\u65cf\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e2d\uff0c\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u6587\u5b66\u82f1\u96c4\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u4f20\u627f\u4e2d\u53d7\u5230\u79ef\u6781\u5d07\u5949\u7684\u795e\u5723\u5f62\u8c61\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u5b81\u739b\u6d3e\u53ca\u90e8\u5206\u5676\u4e3e\u4f20\u627f\u4e2d\uff0c\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u83b2\u82b1\u751f\u5927\u58eb\u7684\u6218\u795e\u5316\u73b0\u4e0e\u62a4\u6cd5\u8005\u3002\u4e3a\u5d07\u5949\u4ed6\uff0c\u4fe1\u4f17\u4e3e\u884c\u62a4\u8eab\u6cd5\u4e8b\uff08gsol-kha\uff09\u548c\u6851\u70df\u4f9b\u517b\u4eea\u5f0f\u3002Donald Lopez \u5728\u300aPrisoners of Shangri-La\u300b\uff081998\uff09\u4e2d\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u85cf\u65cf\u5b97\u6559\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5e76\u63ed\u793a\u4ed6\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6c11\u65cf<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u4e00\u89c2\u5ff5\u6216\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8c61\u5f81<\/span>\u52a0\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>Robert Thurman \u5728\u5176\u85cf\u65cf<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u67d0\u4e00\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u4f20\u7edf\u795e\u8bdd\u53d9\u4e8b\u7684\u603b\u79f0\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u795e\u8bdd<\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u591a\u4e49\u6027\uff1a\u4ed6\u5c06\u82f1\u96c4\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u795e\u5723\u62a4\u4f51\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u8ba4\u540c\u878d\u4e3a\u4e00\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u5bfa\u9662\u4eea\u8f68\u4e2d\uff0c\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u5e38\u88ab\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e3a\u7ea2\u9762\u9a91\u58eb\uff0c\u624b\u6301\u957f\u77db\u4e0e\u5b9d\u5251\uff0c\u8eab\u65c1\u4f34\u968f\u5176\u767d\u9a6c\u5f3a\u5df4\uff08Kyang Bu\uff09\u4e0e\u4e09\u5341\u4f4d\u82f1\u96c4\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df9cc33 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"df9cc33\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06d0e8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"06d0e8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u5728\u897f\u85cf\u4ee5\u5916\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4f20\u64ad<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c839d05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c839d05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u300a\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u300b\u53f2\u8bd7\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u897f\u85cf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f20\u5165\u8499\u53e4\u8349\u539f\u3001\u8d1d\u52a0\u5c14\u6e56\u7554\u7684\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9a\u7279\u5730\u533a\u3001\u56fe\u74e6\u8bed\u8a00\u533a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fb9\u7586\u7684\u571f\u65cf\u3001\u6492\u62c9\u65cf\u548c\u88d5\u56fa\u65cf\u8bed\u8a00\u793e\u533a\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u8499\u53e4\uff0c\u8be5\u53f2\u8bd7\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a&#8221;\u683c\u65af\u5c14\u6c57&#8221;\uff08Geser khaan\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e17\u81f318\u4e16\u7eaa\u8bd1\u6210\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8499\u53e4\u6587\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9a\u7279\u53d8\u4f53\u5177\u6709\u8428\u6ee1\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u4e0e\u4f5b\u6559\u8272\u5f69\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u85cf\u65cf\u4e3b\u8981\u7248\u672c\u6709\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>Walther Heissig \u5728\u591a\u5377\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u68b3\u7406\u4e86\u8499\u53e4\u4e0e\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9a\u7279\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u9898\u6750\u5728\u5404\u5730\u533a\u6240\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u672c\u571f\u7279\u8272\u3002\u5728\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\uff0c\u8be5\u53f2\u8bd7\u4ee5\u85cf\u8bed\u53ca\u5f53\u5730\u65b9\u8a00\u4f20\u5531\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u671d\u5723\u5730\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u30022009\u5e74\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u6536\u5f55\u8ba4\u53ef\u4e86\u5176\u8de8\u56fd\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-073fee5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"073fee5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-568986a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"568986a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u73b0\u4ee3\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0e\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-192990c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"192990c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\u5bf9\u300a\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u300b\u53f2\u8bd7\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6574\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u7f16\u8f91\u51fa\u7248\u6570\u5341\u5377\u3002\u91c7\u5f55\u8005\u4e0e\u7f16\u8f91\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a&#8221;\u6807\u51c6\u7248\u672c&#8221;\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u53e3\u5934\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5b9e\u9645\u3002Lauran Hartley \u4e0e\u767d\u9a6c\u672c\uff08Pema Bhum\uff09\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u503e\u5411\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0e\u6279\u5224\u6027\u53cd\u601d\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5728\u6b27\u7f8e\u5b66\u754c\uff0c\u81ea Stein \u4e0e Heissig \u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u85cf\u5b66\u4e0e\u8499\u53e4\u5b66\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u6b4c\u624b\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u6bd4\u8f83\u53f2\u8bd7\u5b66\u53ca\u5f53\u4ee3\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6765\u81ea Solomon Mowtschanetz\u3001\u6768\u6069\u6d2a\u548c Robin Kornman \u7b49\u5b66\u8005\u3002<\/p><p>\u7531 Robin Kornman \u7387\u56e2\u961f\u4e3b\u7f16\u7684\u82f1\u8bd1\u672c\u300aThe Epic of Gesar of Ling\u300b\uff082012\uff09\u7684\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5927\u5e45\u62d3\u5c55\u4e86\u8be5\u53f2\u8bd7\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u63a5\u53d7\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e24dbe e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5e24dbe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e78f666 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e78f666\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u653f\u6cbb\u5de5\u5177\u5316<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8c80fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a8c80fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u300a\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u300b\u53f2\u8bd7\u5728\u8fd1\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u627f\u8f7d\u4e86\u591a\u91cd\u653f\u6cbb\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6e05\u672b\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u897f\u85cf\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u7684<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u4e00\u89c2\u5ff5\u6216\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8c61\u5f81<\/span>\uff1b\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5b83\u88ab\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u8499\u85cf\u5144\u5f1f\u60c5\u8c0a\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/p><p>\u5728\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\uff0c\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u88ab\u5b98\u65b9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e3a&#8221;\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u65cf\u5927\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u82f1\u96c4&#8221;\uff0c\u85cf\u65cf\u5b66\u8005\u5982\u6b21\u4ec1\u590f\u52a0\uff08Tsering Shakya\uff09\u5bf9\u6b64\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u6536\u7f16\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u53ca\u6d41\u4ea1\u85cf\u4eba\u793e\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u4f5c\u4e3a\u62b5\u6297\u6587\u5316\u6d88\u4ea1\u7684\u6c11\u65cf<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u4e00\u89c2\u5ff5\u6216\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u8c61\u5f81<\/span>\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u63a8\u5d07\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5728\u85cf\u65cf\u5b97\u6559\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u8be5\u53f2\u8bd7\u540c\u6837\u5177\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u6db5\u3002\u5b81\u739b\u6d3e\u4e0e\u90e8\u5206\u5676\u4e3e\u4f20\u627f\u5f3a\u8c03\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u662f\u85cf\u65cf\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u62a4\u6cd5\u4e3b\uff0c\u800c\u8fbe\u8d56\u5587\u561b\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u683c\u9c81\u6d3e\u4f20\u7edf\u5219\u5bf9\u8be5\u53f2\u8bd7\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u524d\u4f5b\u6559\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p><p>Geoffrey Samuel \u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f20\u529b\u7ebf\u7d22\u5206\u6790\u4e3a\u85cf\u4f20\u5b97\u6559\u5185\u90e8\u591a\u5143\u6027\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4695fd2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4695fd2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b02e27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1b02e27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6b4c\u624b\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0e\u53e3\u5934\u521b\u4f5c<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ce5353 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ce5353\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u300a\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u300b\u53f2\u8bd7\u7684\u541f\u8bf5\u8005\u5728\u85cf\u8bed\u4e2d\u88ab\u7ec6\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a&#8221;\u5df4\u4ef2&#8221;\uff08babs sgrung\uff0c\u4ece\u5f02\u8c61\u6216\u5165\u5b9a\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d\u964d\u5f97\u53f2\u8bd7\u8005\uff09\u3001&#8221;\u6258\u4ef2&#8221;\uff08thos sgrung\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8046\u542c\u4e60\u5f97\u8005\uff09\u3001&#8221;\u8d21\u4ef2&#8221;\uff08dgongs sgrung\uff0c\u7ecf\u7531<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u5f62\u4f53\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u80fd\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u4ea7\u751f\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\" tabindex=\"0\">\u7075<\/span>\u4f53\u4f20\u6388\u4e60\u5f97\u8005\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca&#8221;\u8fbe\u4ef2&#8221;\uff08brda sgrung\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u6587\u5b57\u8f85\u52a9\u8fdb\u884c\u6f14\u5531\u8005\uff09\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u5206\u7c7b\u5df2\u89c1\u4e8e Rolf Alfred Stein \u7684\u65e9\u671f\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5373\u300aL&#8217;\u00e9pop\u00e9e tib\u00e9taine de Gesar dans sa version lama\u00efque de Ling\u300b\uff08Paris 1956\uff09\u548c\u300aRecherches sur l&#8217;\u00e9pop\u00e9e et le barde au Tibet\u300b\uff08Paris 1959\uff09\u3002<\/p><p>Stein \u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u82e5\u5e72\u6b4c\u624b\u7684\u751f\u5e73\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5927\u591a\u5728\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u65f6\u671f\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u4e00\u573a\u91cd\u75c5\u6216\u4e00\u6b21\u5165\u5b9a\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u53f2\u8bd7\u7bc7\u7ae0\u4fbf&#8221;\u6d8c\u73b0&#8221;\u4e8e\u4ed6\u4eec\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002<\/p><p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u5bdf\u5f97\u5230\u6768\u6069\u6d2a\uff08\u300aA Comparative Study of the Singing Styles of Mongolian and Tibetan Geser\/Gesar Artists\u300b\uff0c2002\uff09\u548c Lauran Hartley \u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\u9752\u6d77\u3001\u56db\u5ddd\u6b4c\u624b\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u8bc1\u5b9e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Geoffrey Samuel \u5728\u300aCivilized Shamans. Buddhism in Tibetan Societies\u300b\uff08Washington 1993\uff09\u53ca\u5176\u540e\u6765\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u96c6\u300aTantric Revisionings\u300b\uff08Aldershot 2005\uff09\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b4c\u624b\u7c7b\u578b\u5728\u7c7b\u578b\u5b66\u4e0a\u4e0e\u8428\u6ee1\u5165\u95e8\u6a21\u5f0f\u76f8\u8854\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u627f\u81ea\u82ef\u6559\u4e13\u95e8\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u4f20\u627f\u8c31\u7cfb\u3002<\/p><p>\u636e Stein \u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5b8c\u6574\u6f14\u5531\u4e00\u90e8\u53f2\u8bd7\u7bc7\u7ae0\u5e73\u5747\u9700\u8981\u516d\u81f3\u5341\u4e8c\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002\u6309\u7167 Donald Lopez \u4e0e\u6768\u6069\u6d2a\u7684\u4f30\u7b97\uff0c\u73b0\u5b58120\u4e2a\u7bc7\u7ae0\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u53f2\u8bd7\u7ea6\u542b\u4e00\u767e\u4e07\u8bd7\u884c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u89c4\u6a21\u6700\u5b8f\u5927\u7684\u53e3\u5934\u53f2\u8bd7\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56fff50 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"56fff50\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7005d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d7005d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u8499\u53e4\u3001\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9a\u7279\u4e0e\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u7684\u63a5\u53d7<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-302d3e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"302d3e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u53f2\u8bd7\u7684\u8499\u53e4\u6587\u7248\u672c&#8221;\u683c\u65af\u5c14\u6c57&#8221;\uff08Geser Khan\uff09\u7ecf\u7531\u8499\u53e4\u548c\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9a\u7279\u5730\u533a\u4e0e\u85cf\u65cf\u4f20\u7edf\u5e76\u884c\u4f20\u627f\uff0c\u73b0\u5b58\u591a\u79cd\u6284\u672c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f1716\u5e74\u5eb7\u7199\u5e74\u95f4\u520a\u5370\u7684\u300a\u5317\u4eac\u6728\u523b\u7248\u300b\uff0c\u5c06\u8499\u53e4\u5bab\u5ef7\u6587\u5316\u7eb3\u5165\u4e0e\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u62a4\u6cd5\u5173\u7cfb\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002Walther Heissig \u5728\u300aGeser-Studien.<\/p><p>Untersuchungen zu den Erz\u00e4hlstoffen in den neuen Kapiteln des mongolischen Geser-Zyklus\u300b\uff08Wiesbaden 1983\uff09\u53ca\u300a\u4e9a\u6d32\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08Asiatische Forschungen\uff09\u4e1b\u4e66\u591a\u5377\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e86\u8499\u53e4\u6587\u7248\u672c\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u82e5\u5e72\u85cf\u65cf\u7bc7\u7ae0\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u878d\u5165\u672c\u5730\u8499\u53e4\u82f1\u96c4\u9898\u6750\uff08\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u4e4b\u5251\u3001\u4e0e\u5341\u4e8c\u5934\u8292\u53e4\u65af\u7684\u6218\u6597\uff09\u3002<\/p><p>\u5e03\u91cc\u4e9a\u7279\u6b4c\u624b\uff08&#8221;\u4e4c\u52d2\u683c\u5c14\u7533&#8221;\uff0c\u00fclgershin\uff09\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u72ec\u5177\u7279\u8272\u7684\u53f2\u8bd7\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u683c\u8428\u5c14\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u5317\u65b9\u8349\u539f\u4e07\u795e\u6bbf\u4e2d\u7684\u5929\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u62c9\u8fbe\u514b\u5730\u533a\u5b58\u6709\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u7531 August Hermann Francke \u4ee5\u300aKesar Saga\u300b\u4e3a\u9898\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u300a\u5b5f\u52a0\u62c9\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u300b\uff08Asiatic Society of 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