{"id":89933,"date":"2026-08-03T01:51:55","date_gmt":"2026-08-03T01:51:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/marassa-2\/"},"modified":"2026-08-03T01:52:26","modified_gmt":"2026-08-03T01:52:26","slug":"marassa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/marassa\/","title":{"rendered":"Marassa"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"89933\" class=\"elementor elementor-89933 elementor-3060\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bcfcfb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6bcfcfb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f852e11 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f852e11\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d334e17 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d334e17\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4c3253 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a4c3253\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Marassa, song th\u1ea7n thi\u00eang li\u00eang trong Vodou<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c7ea86 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c7ea86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Marassa (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Marasa, Marasa Dossou, Marasa Twa) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Loa song sinh thi\u00eang li\u00eang trong Vodou Haiti v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t, b\u00e1m r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c Loa xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb, Marassa lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n theo c\u1eb7p ho\u1eb7c theo nh\u00f3m ba.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trang tr\u1ecdng di\u1ec5n ra theo quy t\u1eafc c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.\" tabindex=\"0\">nghi l\u1ec5<\/span> l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 trung gian gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Loa kh\u00e1c. S\u1ef1 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng song sinh r\u1ea5t c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Phi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a44279a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a44279a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d6a5a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"4d6a5a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Th\u1ea7n \/ N\u1eef th\u1ea7n: Quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng t\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch h\u00f3a trong \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn, chi\u1ebfn tranh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5, l\u1ec5 v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd.\">Th\u1ea7n<\/span><a href=\"\/vi\/vodou\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Vodou Haiti - T\u00e2y Phi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 Lwa, du nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb T\u00e2y Phi v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Caribe theo l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.\">Vodou<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d62aa48 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d62aa48\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59817fb elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"59817fb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Kh\\u00f4ng t\\u00ecm th\\u1ea5y ti\\u00eau \\u0111\\u1ec1 n\\u00e0o tr\\u00ean trang n\\u00e0y.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tM\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__59817fb\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__59817fb\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__59817fb\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2a99aa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e2a99aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2e25dd iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f2e25dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_vodou_marassa-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3283\" alt=\"Marassa - G\u00f6tter aus der Vodou-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_vodou_marassa-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_vodou_marassa-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_vodou_marassa-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_vodou_marassa.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-480bcaf e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"480bcaf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bafae22 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bafae22\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fef211 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2fef211\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n T\u00e2y Phi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36c3afc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36c3afc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u1ef1 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng Marassa b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng T\u00e2y Phi. Trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Yoruba, song sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n th\u1edd l\u00e0 Ibeji, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Orisha v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc ri\u00eang.<\/p><p>Trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Fon \u1edf Benin ng\u00e0y nay, s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a song sinh c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u00f4i cao \u1edf T\u00e2y Phi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Yoruba v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 sinh \u0111\u00f4i cao nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<p>Alfred M\u00e9traux trong &#8220;Le vaudou ha\u00eftien&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa t\u1ee5c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng song sinh T\u00e2y Phi v\u00e0 Marassa Haiti, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng (t\u00f4n th\u1edd c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n song sinh l\u00e0 c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i thi\u00eang li\u00eang) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u1edf v\u00f9ng Caribe, trong khi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f3a theo phong c\u00e1ch Caribe.<\/p><p>Karen McCarthy Brown trong &#8220;Mama Lola&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng Marassa trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong nh\u1eefng gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 con sinh \u0111\u00f4i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a158371 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a158371\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f31b7ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f31b7ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Marassa v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch linh h\u1ed3n tr\u1ebb th\u01a1<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-789d217 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"789d217\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Marassa xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Vodou d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng tr\u1ebb em ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean. Khi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u01b0 x\u1eed nh\u01b0 tr\u1ebb con, \u0111\u00f2i k\u1eb9o ng\u1ecdt, ch\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3i b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ecdng cao, \u0111\u00f4i khi ng\u1ecdng ngh\u1ecbu.<\/p><p>S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 tr\u1ebb th\u01a1 n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Loa tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gia t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n<p>Maya Deren trong &#8220;Divine Horsemen&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ebb th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Marassa nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc: c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u, c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c h\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n chia.<\/p><p>Marassa bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i ch\u01b0a s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn. S\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn d\u00e0nh cho t\u00ednh tr\u1ebb th\u01a1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Vodou c\u00f2n \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe0b6ce e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fe0b6ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f3bd3ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f3bd3ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Marassa Dossou v\u00e0 Marassa Twa<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52d4095 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"52d4095\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Marassa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hai h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh: Marassa Dossou v\u00e0 Marassa Twa. Marassa Dossou ch\u1ec9 c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh ch\u1ecb em sinh sau, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 phi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\" tabindex=\"0\">linh h\u1ed3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi song sinh \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t.<\/p><p>Theo quan ni\u1ec7m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng T\u00e2y Phi, \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb sinh sau song sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u00e2m linh v\u1edbi c\u1eb7p song sinh, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 &#8220;s\u1ef1 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n&#8221; c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i. \u1ede Haiti, quan ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 con song sinh.<\/p>\n\n<p>Marassa Twa (&#8220;Ba Marassa&#8221;) ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ba chi\u1ec1u g\u1ed3m hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi song sinh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t linh h\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eafn v\u1edbi Loa t\u1ed1i cao Damballa ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba c\u00f3 t\u00ednh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p><p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ba chi\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn Ba Ng\u00f4i trong Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 Vodou so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee9c Ch\u00faa Cha &#8211; Ch\u00faa Con &#8211; Ch\u00faa Th\u00e1nh <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 phi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\" tabindex=\"0\">Th\u1ea7n<\/span>, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc. Leslie Desmangles \u0111\u00e3 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 &#8220;t\u00ednh song tr\u00f9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o&#8221; c\u1ee7a Vodou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55448c8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"55448c8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d892df6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d892df6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed0494f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed0494f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Marassa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trang tr\u1ecdng di\u1ec5n ra theo quy t\u1eafc c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.\" tabindex=\"0\">nghi l\u1ec5<\/span> Vodou l\u1edbn, th\u01b0\u1eddng ngay sau Papa Legba, Loa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 khai m\u1edf.<\/p><p>Vi\u1ec7c <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng.\" tabindex=\"0\">kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u<\/span> c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1eddi kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo, v\u00ec Marassa thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n nghi l\u1ec5 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i. Theo quan ni\u1ec7m Vodou, vi\u1ec7c xem nh\u1eb9 Marassa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ghen t\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n trong nghi l\u1ec5.<\/p>\n\n<p>L\u1ec5 v\u1eadt d\u00e2ng cho Marassa ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu g\u1ed3m k\u1eb9o ng\u1ecdt, b\u00e1nh, chu\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf mang l\u1ea1i ni\u1ec1m vui cho tr\u1ebb em.<\/p><p>M\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 &#8220;table des Marassa&#8221;, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc b\u00e0n nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 ch\u00ednh. Marassa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u theo m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i b\u00e0i h\u00e1t ri\u00eang, c\u00f3 nh\u1ecbp tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng so v\u1edbi nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn trong c\u00e1c Loa kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13187b2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"13187b2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7b1b4f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a7b1b4f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gia \u0111\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 con sinh \u0111\u00f4i<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9895f58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9895f58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh Haiti c\u00f3 con sinh \u0111\u00f4i, vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng Marassa \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t. Cha m\u1eb9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u00e2m linh gi\u1eefa c\u1eb7p song sinh tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n Marassa.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L\u1ec5 v\u1eadt d\u00e2ng l\u00ean th\u1ea7n linh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n, c\u1ea7u xin ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh.\" tabindex=\"0\">l\u1ec5 v\u1eadt<\/span> h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n th\u1edd nh\u1ecf trong nh\u00e0, \u0111eo nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1eb7p song sinh.<\/p>\n\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t trong hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi song sinh qua \u0111\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u00ec theo quan ni\u1ec7m Vodou, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 nay \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi mang theo linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t.<\/p><p>Karen McCarthy Brown trong &#8220;Mama Lola&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 gia \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y v\u00e0 cho th\u1ea5y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Marassa \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc gia \u0111\u00ecnh qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7. Trong c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh Haiti xuy\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Canada.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee0d539 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ee0d539\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-143df92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"143df92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0110\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ed7n dung t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-edaa1b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"edaa1b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7n dung C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o &#8211; Vodou, Marassa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u1eb7p song sinh th\u00e1nh Cosma v\u00e0 Damiano, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n k\u00ednh trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c.<\/p><p>S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t v\u00ec Cosma v\u00e0 Damiano (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 3) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n th\u1edd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p anh em v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 y. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u1edf Haiti, ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i (26 th\u00e1ng 9) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 Vodou c\u1ee7a Marassa.<\/p>\n\n<p>M\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ee9 hai d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh Anianus v\u00e0 Julian ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn &#8220;Ba Vua&#8221;, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi Marassa Twa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng trong h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ba chi\u1ec1u. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t thay th\u1ebf n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh h\u1ed7n dung: t\u00f9y theo b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m neo h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfa7760 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cfa7760\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0fe740 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a0fe740\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46c2ba8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"46c2ba8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Marassa hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n cho nguy\u00ean l\u00fd k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 trong <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Vodou. Trong nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n b\u1ea3n Vodou, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 &#8220;c\u1eb7p song sinh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5&#8221;, m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i.<\/p><p>Maya Deren \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan Vodou: m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n theo c\u1eb7p, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c Loa.<\/p>\n\n<p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.\" tabindex=\"0\">Th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i n\u00e0y k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Marassa v\u1edbi Damballa v\u00e0 Ayida Wedo, nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p th\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, Marassa \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c k\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb th\u01a1, ti\u1ec1n t\u00ednh bi\u1ec7t, c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i anh ch\u1ecb em ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c.<\/p><p>Joan Dayan trong &#8220;Haiti, History, and the Gods&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y v\u00e0 cho th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Vodou v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df2cbf1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"df2cbf1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48ac808 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48ac808\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Marassa trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c936ebb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c936ebb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Haiti h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Canada, vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng Marassa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i. Karen McCarthy Brown \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c b\u1eadc cha m\u1eb9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Haiti \u1edf Brooklyn v\u00e0 Miami duy tr\u00ec truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Marassa b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi.<\/p><p>\u0110\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L\u1ec5 v\u1eadt d\u00e2ng l\u00ean th\u1ea7n linh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n, c\u1ea7u xin ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh.\" tabindex=\"0\">l\u1ec5 v\u1eadt<\/span> Marassa; c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7m b\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1nh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n.\" tabindex=\"0\">nghi l\u1ec5<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 t\u1ee5c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng Marassa \u00edt phong ph\u00fa h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Loa n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u01b0 Damballa, Ogou hay c\u00e1c Gede. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Maya Deren, Alfred M\u00e9traux, Karen McCarthy Brown v\u00e0 Claudine Michel.<\/p><p>M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u so s\u00e1nh c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 t\u1ee5c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng song sinh \u1edf T\u00e2y Phi v\u00e0 trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng Caribe v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3. Sandra Barnes v\u00e0 Henry Drewal trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Yoruba-Ibeji \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u so s\u00e1nh quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Marassa trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47daaae e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"47daaae\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7cd02d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7cd02d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Yoruba-Ibeji nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5afafe1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5afafe1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y Phi c\u1ee7a Marassa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i d\u1ef1ng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qua v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Yoruba-Ibeji. Trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Yoruba, song sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u00eang li\u00eang, m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1edbi Orisha-Ibeji.<\/p><p>N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trong hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi song sinh qua \u0111\u1eddi l\u00fac c\u00f2n b\u00fa, gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ea1m kh\u1eafc m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ed7 &#8220;ere ibeji&#8221; \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c trong th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gia \u0111\u00ecnh: \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eafm r\u1eeda, cho \u0103n, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, \u0111eo nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c nh\u1ecf.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Marilyn Houlberg trong &#8220;Notes on Egungun Masquerades among the Oyo Yoruba&#8221; (African Arts 1978) v\u00e0 trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft cho &#8220;Sacred Arts of Haitian Vodou&#8221; (Cosentino 1995) \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Robert Farris Thompson trong &#8220;Flash of the Spirit&#8221; (New York 1983) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i xuy\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ee5c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng song sinh di\u1ec5n ra theo nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Marassa Haiti l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Yoruba-Ibeji v\u00e0 Fon-Hohovi.<\/span><\/p><p>Hohovi l\u00e0 song sinh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Fon, nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd nghi l\u1ec5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Ibeji c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Yoruba. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c Haiti t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 hai n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 Creole \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 mang t\u00ednh tr\u1ebb th\u01a1 v\u00e0 h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 Vodou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e35c752 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e35c752\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e66fcab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e66fcab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mange-Marasa: B\u1eefa \u0103n Marassa<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ef57d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6ef57d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c v\u0103n h\u00f3a.\" tabindex=\"0\">Nghi l\u1ec5<\/span> d\u00e0nh cho Marassa l\u00e0 &#8220;mange-marasa&#8221; (&#8220;B\u1eefa \u0103n Marassa&#8221;), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c Hounfor c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi Marassa. Trong d\u1ecbp n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc b\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0y v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00e1t nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed7i b\u00e1t \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n theo b\u1ed9 ba: ba lo\u1ea1i k\u1eb9o kh\u00e1c nhau, ba t\u00e1ch s\u00f4 c\u00f4 la n\u00f3ng, ba qu\u1ea3 chu\u1ed1i, ba mi\u1ebfng b\u00e1nh ng\u00f4.<\/p><p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e2y th\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfn c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e0n, v\u1edbi ba c\u00e2y n\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho ba nh\u00f3m Marassa (Marassa Ginen, Marassa Kongo, Marassa Kreyol). Tr\u1ebb em nh\u1ecf trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi c\u00f9ng \u0103n chung, v\u00ec Marassa \u0103n th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n<p>Karen McCarthy Brown \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i mange-marasa c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u1edf Brooklyn trong cu\u1ed1n &#8220;Mama Lola&#8221;, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em. B\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c v\u0103n h\u00f3a.\" tabindex=\"0\">Nghi l\u1ec5<\/span> c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc r\u1eb1ng Marassa ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ebb th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb.<\/p><p>Claudine Michel \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Marassa \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tr\u1ebb em Haiti, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nghi l\u1ec5 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f692665 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f692665\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78226f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"78226f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ba qu\u1ed1c t\u1ed9c Marassa<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ced90f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ced90f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Vodou \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, Marassa kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i hay nh\u00f3m ba, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh ba &#8220;qu\u1ed1c t\u1ed9c&#8221; (&#8220;nasyon&#8221;) ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ba truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Vodou Haiti: Marassa Ginen (n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ch\u00e2u Phi &#8211; T\u00e2y Phi), Marassa Kongo (n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng Congo) v\u00e0 Marassa Kreyol (h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Haiti).<\/p><p>M\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t ri\u00eang, nh\u1ecbp tr\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc y\u00eau th\u00edch ri\u00eang. Marassa Ginen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, Marassa Kongo v\u1edbi m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 xanh lam, Marassa Kreyol v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i m\u00e0u c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Donald Cosentino trong &#8220;Sacred Arts of Haitian Vodou&#8221; (Los Angeles 1995) \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia ba chi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia n\u00e0y l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch Vodou nghi l\u1ec5 h\u00f3a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh: ba qu\u1ed1c t\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c &#8211; l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ba &#8220;con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng&#8221; (&#8220;chemen&#8221;) l\u1edbn m\u00e0 c\u00e1c Loa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn Haiti.<\/span><\/p><p>Joan Dayan trong &#8220;Haiti, History, and the Gods&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed &#8211; v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia n\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o Haiti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98ef929 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"98ef929\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce67125 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ce67125\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d8cdef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0d8cdef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Alfred M\u00e9traux, &#8220;Le vaudou ha\u00eftien&#8221; (Paris 1958).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Karen McCarthy Brown, &#8220;Mama Lola&#8221; (Berkeley 1991), \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Marassa trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Claudine Michel, &#8220;Aspects \u00e9ducatifs et moraux du vodou ha\u00eftien&#8221; (Port-au-Prince 1995).<\/span><\/li><\/ul><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>V\u1ec1 Yoruba-Ibeji: Marilyn Houlberg, &#8220;Ibeji Images of the Yoruba&#8221;, trong &#8220;African Arts&#8221; 7 (1973), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft trong Cosentino (ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean) 1995.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Robert Farris Thompson, &#8220;Flash of the Spirit&#8221; (New York 1983).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Henry John Drewal, &#8220;Yoruba: Nine Centuries of African Art and Thought&#8221; (New York 1989).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Babatunde Lawal, &#8220;The Gelede Spectacle: Art, Gender, and Social Harmony in an African Culture&#8221; (Seattle 1996).<\/span><\/li><\/ul><p><span data-nosnippet>V\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Fon-Hohovi: Melville J. Herskovits, &#8220;Dahomey&#8221; (New York 1938); Suzanne Preston Blier, &#8220;African Vodun&#8221; (Chicago 1995).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong <a href=\"\/vi\/literatur\/\">danh m\u1ee5c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Marassa, song th\u1ea7n thi\u00eang li\u00eang trong Vodou Marassa (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Marasa, Marasa Dossou, Marasa Twa) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Loa song sinh thi\u00eang li\u00eang trong Vodou Haiti v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t, b\u00e1m r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c Loa xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3283,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Marassa","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Marassa - Song Th\u1ea7n Thi\u00eang Li\u00eang trong Vodou | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Marassa l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Loa song sinh thi\u00eang li\u00eang trong Vodou - Dawa v\u00e0 Damba, Dossou v\u00e0 Dossa. 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