{"id":89315,"date":"2026-08-03T00:28:21","date_gmt":"2026-08-03T00:28:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/dumuzi-2\/"},"modified":"2026-08-03T00:28:50","modified_gmt":"2026-08-03T00:28:50","slug":"dumuzi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/","title":{"rendered":"Dumuzi"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"89315\" class=\"elementor elementor-89315 elementor-3019\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bff8091 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bff8091\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ab6452 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7ab6452\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c235633 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c235633\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b6d68c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3b6d68c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dumuzi, th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d3da3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d3da3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dumuzi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Mesopotamia, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f9a trong n\u0103m. Dumuzi, trong ti\u1ebfng Akkad l\u00e0 Tammuz, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Mesopotamia c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a n\u1eef th\u1ea7n Inanna (Ishtar) v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trung t\u00e2m trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i trong t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o Mesopotamia c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p><p>C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ed1n \u00e2m ty c\u00f3 t\u00ednh chu k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Sumer c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quan ni\u1ec7m t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00f9ng C\u1eadn \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7281f62 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7281f62\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83518db elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"83518db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Th\u1ea7n \/ N\u1eef th\u1ea7n: Quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng t\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch h\u00f3a trong \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn, chi\u1ebfn tranh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5, l\u1ec5 v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd.\">Th\u1ea7n<\/span><a href=\"\/vi\/mesopotamien\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p - Sumer, Akkad, Babylon, Assyria (kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 3500 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 330 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean).\">L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec397f2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ec397f2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cc6dd4 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"0cc6dd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Kh\\u00f4ng t\\u00ecm th\\u1ea5y ti\\u00eau \\u0111\\u1ec1 n\\u00e0o tr\\u00ean trang n\\u00e0y.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tM\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__0cc6dd4\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__0cc6dd4\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__0cc6dd4\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5c46a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c5c46a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3c3eae iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e3c3eae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3248\" alt=\"Dumuzi - G\u00f6tter aus der Mesopotamien-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5200572 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5200572\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-132083b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"132083b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04820bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"04820bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-303e748 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"303e748\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dumuzi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n Sumer c\u1ed5 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng, b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n gia s\u00fac v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng sinh k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n c\u01b0 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. T\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trung th\u00e0nh&#8221;.<\/p><p>Trong c\u00e1c danh s\u00e1ch ho\u00e0ng gia c\u1ee7a Sumer s\u01a1 k\u1ef3, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p l\u00e0 v\u1ecb vua huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Bad-Tibira, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y. \u0110\u1ecba v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng gia n\u00e0y g\u1eafn k\u1ebft ng\u00e0i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi \u00fd th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia Sumer c\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Inanna, n\u1eef th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n. Trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u00ecnh ca &#8220;Dumuzi v\u00e0 Inanna&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;H\u00f4n l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a Inanna&#8221;, cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 t\u00e1n t\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a hai v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111an xen v\u00e0o nhau.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n trung t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 Dumuzi l\u00e0 b\u00e0i ca &#8220;Cu\u1ed9c xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Inanna&#8221;. Inanna \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb l\u00e0 Ereschkigal, b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3i sinh, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 b\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi thay th\u1ebf. B\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn Dumuzi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i v\u00f4 lo v\u00f4 ngh\u0129 tr\u00ean ngai v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 thay v\u00ec than kh\u00f3c.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c \u00e1c qu\u1ef7 galla l\u00f4i k\u00e9o ng\u00e0i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 Geshtinanna, m\u1ed9t n\u1eef th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y nho, t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ng\u00e0i trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u0103m, \u0111\u1ec3 Dumuzi v\u00e0 Geshtinanna lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean nhau s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00f5i s\u1ed1ng theo chu k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: Dumuzi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i, s\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i k\u00e8m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 than kh\u00f3c \u1ea7m \u0129, c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3n m\u1eebng.<\/p><p>D\u1ea1ng \u0110\u00f4ng Semit Tammuz \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho th\u00e1ng trong l\u1ecbch Do Th\u00e1i, v\u00e0 trong s\u00e1ch Ezechiel c\u1ee7a Kinh Th\u00e1nh c\u00f3 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c Tammuz \u1edf Jerusalem, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0y ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00f9ng L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72dca9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"72dca9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c5362d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7c5362d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45a4e3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"45a4e3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh, Dumuzi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u00e2u, c\u1ea7m g\u1eady m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e0n c\u1eebu. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, ng\u00e0i m\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc kh\u1ed1 ng\u1eafn, trong c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 trang ph\u1ee5c c\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby, g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i trong c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 h\u00f4n l\u1ec5 v\u1edbi Inanna. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c con d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n, ng\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Inanna qua v\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1eebng v\u00e0 trang s\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<p>Con c\u1eebu l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i c\u1eebu, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0. Len, s\u1eefa v\u00e0 th\u1ecbt l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a kinh t\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec v\u1eady th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n<\/span>.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c anh em c\u1ee7a Dumuzi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7n n\u00f4ng Enkimdu, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn Sumer c\u1ed5, trong \u0111\u00f3 Inanna cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2y nho l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb Geshtinanna h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd gi\u1eefa hai ch\u1ecb em, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng chuy\u1ec3n sang b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Dumuzi.<\/p><p>Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, Dumuzi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e0nh r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ban ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u00e2m tr\u00ed. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c g\u1eafn v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i s\u1eady \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y, n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Sumer c\u1ed5 t\u00ecm n\u01a1i \u1ea9n n\u00e1u kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u00e1c qu\u1ef7 galla.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aab866e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aab866e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d56ca6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d56ca6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nghi l\u1ec5 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-319c743 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"319c743\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt thi\u00eang li\u00eang.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng<\/span> Dumuzi c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0ng n\u0103m: l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi Inanna v\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 than kh\u00f3c v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa m\u00f9a h\u00e8.<\/p><p>Trong l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n, t\u1ee9c h\u00f4n l\u1ec5 thi\u00eang li\u00eang hay hieros gamos, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nghi l\u1ec5 gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t n\u1eef tu v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb, mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n h\u00f4n l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a Inanna v\u00e0 Dumuzi. T\u1eadp t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia Sumer, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Uruk, Isin v\u00e0 Larsa.<\/p>\n<p>L\u1ec5 than kh\u00f3c v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa m\u00f9a h\u00e8, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng Du&#8217;uzu (Tammuz), \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u00e9o t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i. Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f4ng khai kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t, h\u00e1t c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ai ca v\u00e0 d\u00e2ng nh\u1eefng l\u1ec5 v\u1eadt nh\u1ecf. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng than kh\u00f3c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 &#8220;Ai ca v\u1ec1 Dumuzi&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;Ai ca c\u1ee7a Inanna&#8221;, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Sumer r\u1ea5t th\u01a1 ca.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede Bad-Tibira, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Sumer c\u1ed5, Dumuzi l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0110\u1ec1n th\u1edd<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 E-mush, &#8220;Ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a con r\u1eafn&#8221;, g\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng chthonic. T\u1ea1i Uruk, trung t\u00e2m t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Inanna, Dumuzi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh b\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o nghi l\u1ec5 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i. D\u1ea5u v\u1ebft t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u1edf Akkad, Babylon v\u00e0 Nippur.<\/p>\n<p>D\u1ea1ng \u0110\u00f4ng Semit Tammuz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00f9ng L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0 v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n. \u1ede v\u00f9ng Levant, ng\u00e0i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi Adonis, v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p.<\/p><p>Trong t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o Phoenicia v\u00e0 Syria, c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 than kh\u00f3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh. Th\u00e1ng Tammuz trong l\u1ecbch Do Th\u00e1i, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb cu\u1ed9c v\u00e2y h\u00e3m Jerusalem v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 17 Tammuz, l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u t\u00edch ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d25eda4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d25eda4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ed01dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1ed01dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00e1c th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af8399e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"af8399e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>&#8220;Cu\u1ed9c xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Inanna&#8221; l\u00e0 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> Dumuzi quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. Inanna quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb Ereschkigal, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0111au bu\u1ed3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng Ereschkigal, ho\u1eb7c v\u00ec mong mu\u1ed1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c.<\/p><p>B\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua b\u1ea3y c\u1ed5ng, \u1edf m\u1ed7i c\u1ed5ng b\u00e0 giao n\u1ed9p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trang s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 trang ph\u1ee5c. Tr\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec, b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn ngai v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Ereschkigal, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c gi\u1ebft b\u00e0. Ba ng\u00e0y ba \u0111\u00eam x\u00e1c b\u00e0 treo tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i m\u00f3c.<\/p><p>V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a Enki, th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4n ngoan, b\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3i sinh, nh\u01b0ng lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi thay th\u1ebf. Inanna t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm kh\u1eafp x\u1ee9 s\u1edf. B\u00e0 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y Dumuzi \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean ngai v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0103n m\u1eb7c l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3 v\u00ec c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u00e0. B\u00e0 giao ng\u00e0i cho c\u00e1c \u00e1c qu\u1ef7 galla.<\/p><p>Dumuzi c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n, b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh con \u1ebfch r\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh con r\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb Geshtinanna thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n thay m\u1eb7t ng\u00e0i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u1ec3 hai ch\u1ecb em lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean nhau s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c theo chu k\u1ef3 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 hai, &#8220;Gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Dumuzi&#8221;, k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 linh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng. Ng\u00e0i m\u01a1 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft s\u1eafp x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00ecm n\u01a1i \u1ea9n n\u00e1u \u1edf th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb c\u00e1c \u00e1c qu\u1ef7 galla truy \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft.<\/p><p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb Geshtinanna \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7u c\u1ee9u, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u ng\u00e0i m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u1ed9i dung t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 &#8220;Dumuzi v\u00e0 Enkimdu&#8221;. Inanna ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa Dumuzi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 Enkimdu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. C\u1ea3 hai t\u00e1n t\u1ec9nh b\u00e0 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i n\u1ed5 ra.<\/p><p>Inanna quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng do d\u1ef1, ch\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng Dumuzi. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i &#8220;tranh lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i&#8221;, m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Sumer c\u1ed5 th\u01b0\u1eddng so s\u00e1nh hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88e5f91 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"88e5f91\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcfe98f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bcfe98f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 trong \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f511806 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f511806\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dumuzi l\u00e0 con trai c\u1ee7a Sirtur (trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 Duttur), m\u1ed9t n\u1eef th\u1ea7n m\u1eb9 c\u1eebu, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 anh trai c\u1ee7a Geshtinanna, n\u1eef th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y nho. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 v\u1edbi Inanna, n\u1eef th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u1eeba mang t\u00ednh t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u v\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi Ereschkigal, n\u1eef th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Inanna, Dumuzi ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp, nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i trong v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a b\u00e0. V\u1edbi Enkimdu, th\u1ea7n n\u00f4ng, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9ng trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea1nh tranh th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Sumer c\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kinh t\u1ebf chung.<\/p>\n<p>Trong <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n<\/span> r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, Dumuzi chia s\u1ebb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1edbi Damu, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. Trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n, c\u1ea3 hai v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o nhau. Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Syria-T\u00e2y Semit, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi Adonis, c\u00f2n trong <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c quan ni\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c nhau.\" tabindex=\"0\">h\u1ed7n dung t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> h\u1eadu c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Osiris trong c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<p>Dumuzi c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi Damu, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb Isin, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 m\u1eb9 ng\u00e0i Ninisinna than kh\u00f3c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee9a con \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i ai ca v\u1ec1 Damu m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111an xen v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ai ca v\u1ec1 Dumuzi, khi\u1ebfn hai h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4i khi kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n ai ca n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Mark Cohen v\u00e0 Andrew George gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5 theo v\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi Ningishzida, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi canh c\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Anu, Dumuzi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 k\u00e9p k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1: c\u1ea3 hai trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Anu v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Adapa c\u00f9ng l\u00fac c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t k\u00e9p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a quan ni\u1ec7m L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng c\u1ed5ng gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng nhau canh gi\u1eef.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3984e39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3984e39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e65b92e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e65b92e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55ffa98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"55ffa98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\" tabindex=\"0\">Th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u1ec1 Dumuzi v\u00e0 Inanna thu\u1ed9c nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p><p>James George Frazer \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Dumuzi-Tammuz m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m &#8220;The Golden Bough&#8221;, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ebft \u0111i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh Adonis, Attis v\u00e0 Osiris. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac so s\u00e1nh n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n nay g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o C\u1eadn \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p>Trong ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ph\u00e2n t\u00e2m h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, cu\u1ed9c xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Inanna \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khai t\u00e2m v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Sylvia Brinton Perera v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu v\u1ec1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c n\u1eef t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<p>Trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, Tammuz xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c, th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u1ef1c quan \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\" tabindex=\"0\">h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh theo chu k\u1ef3. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Kinh Th\u00e1nh, t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt thi\u00eang li\u00eang.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng<\/span> Tammuz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c than kh\u00f3c v\u00e0 tang l\u1ec5, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.\" tabindex=\"0\">ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5<\/span> Do Th\u00e1i v\u00e0 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 than kh\u00f3c Tammuz b\u1eaft r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Do Th\u00e1i-Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. Hieronymus b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong th\u01b0 s\u1ed1 58 g\u1eedi Paulinus of Nola r\u1eb1ng nghi l\u1ec5 than kh\u00f3c Tammuz v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u00f4ng (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 4 sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean) \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng Syria quanh Bethlehem.<\/p><p>B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng mu\u1ed9n n\u00e0y k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0 v\u1edbi l\u1ec5 than kh\u00f3c Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh \u0111ang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Hans-Peter Mathys \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1eeb nghi l\u1ec5 than kh\u00f3c Tammuz \u0111\u1ebfn nghi th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u Tu\u1ea7n Th\u00e1nh trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Trong th\u01a1 ca hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, T. S. Eliot \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p Dumuzi-Tammuz trong &#8220;The Waste Land&#8221; (1922) nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n. M\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa &#8220;Golden Bough&#8221; c\u1ee7a Frazer, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t r\u1ed3i kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 v\u1ecb vua ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i d\u1eabn th\u1eb3ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y Dumuzi. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Eliot \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi Frazer l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh, qua \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0 v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13d00a9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"13d00a9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f61bbc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f61bbc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo khoa h\u1ecdc t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee432df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ee432df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thorkild Jacobsen \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt thi\u00eang li\u00eang.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng<\/span> Dumuzi trong nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng trung t\u00e2m cho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Sumer c\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft theo chu k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng coi Dumuzi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7u m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111a chi\u1ec1u, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3 h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nhau.<\/p>\n<p>Jean Bott\u00e9ro nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c l\u1ec5 than kh\u00f3c v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tham gia, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o khi\u1ebfn Dumuzi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 than kh\u00f3c n\u1eef gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i \u0111au t\u1eadp th\u1ec3.<\/p><p>Walther Sallaberger \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt thi\u00eang li\u00eang.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng<\/span> Tammuz trong l\u1ecbch Ur III v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n than kh\u00f3c v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa m\u00f9a h\u00e8 kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c neo \u0111\u1eadu ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong l\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n<p>Stefan Maul, Andrew George v\u00e0 Bendt Alster \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh v\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. Bendt Alster trong &#8220;Dumuzi&#8217;s Dream&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c d\u1ef1ng m\u1eabu b\u1ea3n Sumer c\u1ed5, Andrew George trong &#8220;The Babylonian Gilgamesh Epic&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u Dumuzi v\u1edbi s\u1eed thi Gilgamesh. Stephanie Dalley \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> &#8220;Cu\u1ed9c xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Inanna&#8221; cho \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae2ac28 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ae2ac28\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2b04dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a2b04dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cu\u1ed9c xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Inanna v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Dumuzi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11d7562 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11d7562\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\" tabindex=\"0\">quan tr\u1ecdng<\/span> nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 Dumuzi l\u00e0 &#8220;Cu\u1ed9c xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Inanna&#8221;, m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n Sumer g\u1ed3m 412 d\u00f2ng, thu\u1ed9c nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n s\u00fac t\u00edch nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0. V\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Samuel Noah Kramer hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1937 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh b\u1edfi William R. Sladek n\u0103m 1974 trong lu\u1eadn \u00e1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng &#8220;Inanna&#8217;s Descent to the Netherworld&#8221;.<\/span><\/p><p>Inanna, n\u1eef th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh, xu\u1ed1ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb Ereshkigal \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. \u1ede b\u1ea3y c\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i c\u1ed5ng b\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u1edfi b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trang ph\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c trang s\u1ee9c, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u1ea7n tru\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ngai v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Ereshkigal v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p>Enki c\u1ee9u b\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng hai sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eb7n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t, Galaturra v\u00e0 Kurgarra, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi than v\u00e3n c\u1ee7a Ereshkigal v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0a Inanna tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Inanna ch\u1ec9 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c.<\/p><p>B\u00e0 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng Dumuzi \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean ngai l\u1ec5 v\u1edbi trang ph\u1ee5c v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3 l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby thay v\u00ec kh\u00f3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e0. T\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, b\u00e0 giao ng\u00e0i cho c\u00e1c \u00e1c qu\u1ef7 Galla, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb l\u00f4i ng\u00e0i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i cho s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Dumuzi, tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n m\u00f9a h\u00e8.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Geshtinanna, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Dumuzi. B\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda th\u1eddi gian trong n\u0103m \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ec3 Dumuzi v\u00e0 Geshtinanna lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean nhau m\u1ed7i s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng.<\/p><p>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n chia theo m\u00f9a n\u00e0y c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Persephone trong <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> Demeter c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p. Thorkild Jacobsen trong &#8220;The Treasures of Darkness&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20f680d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"20f680d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6361ff8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6361ff8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ai ca v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-997c227 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"997c227\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>M\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ai ca Dumuzi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e1t trong c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng n\u00f3ng b\u1ee9c Du&#8217;uzu (th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y). C\u00f2n l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi hai b\u00e0i ai ca nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Sumer v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Akkad, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh trong Mark Cohen &#8220;The Canonical Lamentations of Ancient Mesopotamia&#8221; (1988).<\/span><\/p><p>C\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 &#8220;Edina usagake&#8221;, &#8220;Tr\u00ean th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean trong b\u00e3i c\u1ecf non&#8221;, v\u00e0 &#8220;Ushumgalkalama&#8221;, &#8220;R\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc&#8221;. C\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 Inanna ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb Geshtinanna \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm Dumuzi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft theo phong c\u00e1ch than kh\u00f3c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nghi l\u1ec5.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c b\u00e0i than kh\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi than kh\u00f3c chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c Gala, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, t\u1ee9c Emesal. C\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n Emesal \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u1eef \u00e2m v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng Sumer th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ee9c Emegir.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Gala l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ngh\u1ec1 nghi l\u1ec5 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Walther Sallaberger nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi ti\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i than kh\u00f3c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nghi l\u1ec5 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ai \u0111i\u1ebfu v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c b\u00e0i than kh\u00f3c.<\/p>\n<p>Trong l\u1ecbch l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i, th\u00e1ng Du&#8217;uzu v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian tang l\u1ec5 d\u00e0nh cho Dumuzi. Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfng than kh\u00f3c, th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e8m theo c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 t\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 v\u00e0 r\u1eafc tro.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp trong Ezechiel 8,14, n\u01a1i v\u1ecb ti\u00ean tri nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y &#8220;nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c Tammuz&#8221; \u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1n th\u1edd Jerusalem v\u00e0 c\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y. \u0110o\u1ea1n Kinh Th\u00e1nh n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt thi\u00eang li\u00eang.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng<\/span> Dumuzi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u v\u00e0o t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o Syria-Palestine nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00f9ng L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ad2ae1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1ad2ae1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6da19b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6da19b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y Adonis-Tammuz v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3750c65 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3750c65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ebft \u0111i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy nguy\u00ean t\u1eeb Dumuzi qua Tammuz, d\u1ea1ng t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Akkad, qua Adonis trong ti\u1ebfng Phoenicia cho \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i th\u1eddi Hellenistic. James George Frazer trong &#8220;The Golden Bough&#8221; (12 t\u1eadp, 1890 \u0111\u1ebfn 1915) \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft chung v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p><p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a Frazer hi\u1ec7n nay g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi ti\u1ebft, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t h\u00f3a c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi Osiris v\u00e0 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4. Tuy nhi\u00ean, lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ebft \u0111i \u1edf C\u1eadn \u0110\u00f4ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt thi\u00eang li\u00eang.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng<\/span> Adonis, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Lucian of Samosata mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 2 sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean trong &#8220;De dea Syria&#8221;, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng Dumuzi. Lucian mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 l\u1ec5 than kh\u00f3c h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u1ec1 Adonis \u1edf Byblos Phoenicia, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ebft c\u1eebu non v\u00e0 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng Adonis m\u00e0 \u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch theo thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc.<\/p><p>Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Byblos c\u1ea1o t\u00f3c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nghi l\u1ec5 tang l\u1ec5, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c than kh\u00f3c L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0. Hans-Peter Mathys v\u00e0 Peggy L. Day trong nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 truy nguy\u00ean chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y t\u1eeb Dumuzi qua Tammuz \u0111\u1ebfn Adonis.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt thi\u00eang li\u00eang.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng<\/span> Attis c\u1ee7a Phrygia, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Hellenistic v\u00e0 La M\u00e3 qua <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd<\/span> Pessinus c\u1ee7a Cybele.<\/p><p>Attis nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Magna Mater cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1edbi Dumuzi v\u00e0 Inanna, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tu s\u0129 Galloi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Walter Burkert coi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Hellenistic.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56ca13c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"56ca13c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-577888e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"577888e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4c3166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e4c3166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0 La M\u00e3, kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 800 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 600 sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean.\" tabindex=\"0\">c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span>: &#8220;Cu\u1ed9c xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Inanna&#8221;, &#8220;Gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Dumuzi&#8221;, &#8220;Dumuzi v\u00e0 Enkimdu&#8221;, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ai ca v\u1ec1 Dumuzi, th\u00e1nh ca d\u00e0nh cho Inanna v\u00e0 Dumuzi, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i than kh\u00f3c Tammuz Akkad c\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong Kinh Th\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i Ezechiel 8,14.<\/p>\n<ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Jean Bott\u00e9ro, &#8220;La religion babylonienne&#8221;, Paris 1952.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Bendt Alster, &#8220;Dumuzi&#8217;s Dream&#8221;, Copenhagen 1972.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong <a href=\"\/vi\/literatur\/\">danh m\u1ee5c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dumuzi, th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0 Dumuzi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Mesopotamia, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f9a trong n\u0103m. Dumuzi, trong ti\u1ebfng Akkad l\u00e0 Tammuz, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Mesopotamia c\u1ed5 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3248,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Dumuzi","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Dumuzi - Th\u1ea7n Ch\u1ebft \u0110i S\u1ed1ng L\u1ea1i v\u00e0 T\u00ecnh Nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Inanna | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Dumuzi (Tammuz) l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sumer v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Inanna. V\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ebft \u0111i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i - th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, ai ca v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-89315","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Dumuzi - Th\u1ea7n Ch\u1ebft \u0110i S\u1ed1ng L\u1ea1i v\u00e0 T\u00ecnh Nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Inanna | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dumuzi (Tammuz) l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sumer v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Inanna. V\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ebft \u0111i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i - th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, ai ca v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dumuzi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dumuzi (Tammuz) l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sumer v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Inanna. V\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ebft \u0111i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i - th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, ai ca v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-03T00:28:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"28 ph\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/dumuzi\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/dumuzi\\\/\",\"name\":\"Dumuzi - Th\u1ea7n Ch\u1ebft \u0110i S\u1ed1ng L\u1ea1i v\u00e0 T\u00ecnh Nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Inanna | iWell Guard\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/dumuzi\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/dumuzi\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-08-03T00:28:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-08-03T00:28:50+00:00\",\"description\":\"Dumuzi (Tammuz) l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sumer v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Inanna. V\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ebft \u0111i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i - th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, ai ca v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/dumuzi\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/dumuzi\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/dumuzi\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"G\u00f6tter aus der Mesopotamien-Tradition.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/dumuzi\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/trang-chu\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Dumuzi\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"vi\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Dumuzi - Th\u1ea7n Ch\u1ebft \u0110i S\u1ed1ng L\u1ea1i v\u00e0 T\u00ecnh Nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Inanna | iWell Guard","description":"Dumuzi (Tammuz) l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sumer v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Inanna. V\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ebft \u0111i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i - th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, ai ca v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"Dumuzi","og_description":"Dumuzi (Tammuz) l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sumer v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Inanna. V\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ebft \u0111i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i - th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, ai ca v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-08-03T00:28:50+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc":"28 ph\u00fat"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/","name":"Dumuzi - Th\u1ea7n Ch\u1ebft \u0110i S\u1ed1ng L\u1ea1i v\u00e0 T\u00ecnh Nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Inanna | iWell Guard","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi.webp","datePublished":"2026-08-03T00:28:21+00:00","dateModified":"2026-08-03T00:28:50+00:00","description":"Dumuzi (Tammuz) l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sumer v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Inanna. V\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u1ebft \u0111i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i - th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, ai ca v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5 th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"G\u00f6tter aus der Mesopotamien-Tradition."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/dumuzi\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/trang-chu\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Dumuzi"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"vi"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/89315","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89315"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/89315\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":89319,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/89315\/revisions\/89319"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3248"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89315"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=89315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}