{"id":88817,"date":"2026-08-02T23:33:07","date_gmt":"2026-08-02T23:33:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/bokor-2\/"},"modified":"2026-08-02T23:33:26","modified_gmt":"2026-08-02T23:33:26","slug":"bokor","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/bokor\/","title":{"rendered":"Bokor"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"88817\" class=\"elementor elementor-88817 elementor-2173\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bokor, linh h\u1ed3n trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Haiti<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bokor l\u00e0 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 phi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\" tabindex=\"0\">linh h\u1ed3n<\/span> trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Haiti.<\/p><p><strong>B\u1eadc th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\" tabindex=\"0\">h\u1eafc thu\u1eadt<\/span>, k\u1ebb cai tr\u1ecb Zombi v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a.<\/strong> Bokor l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi <em>Houngan<\/em> (th\u1ea7y t\u1ebf Vodou l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n). Trong khi Houngan ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 c\u00e1c Loa v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, Bokor ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i t\u0103m.<\/p><p>Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3: ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c, c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111o\u1ea1n tuy\u1ec7t, zombi h\u00f3a, ph\u00f9 ch\u00fa g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Bokor kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 si\u00eau nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\" tabindex=\"0\">h\u1eafc thu\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00e0 thao t\u00fang cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c.<\/p><p>Bokor l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 Vodou h\u1eafc \u00e1m c\u1ee7a Haiti, chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng ph\u00f9 ch\u00fa g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Linh h\u1ed3n: Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 phi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t, th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, th\u1ea7n h\u1ed9 m\u1ec7nh gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi canh gi\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1eeda. C\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eafn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.\">Linh h\u1ed3n<\/span><a href=\"\/vi\/vodou\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Vodou Haiti-T\u00e2y Phi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 Lwa, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb T\u00e2y Phi sang v\u00f9ng Caribbean.\">Vodou<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tM\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/praktiken_bokor-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1759\" alt=\"Bokor - Illustration einer Bokor-Praktik im historisch-museal-dokumentarischen Stil\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/praktiken_bokor-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/praktiken_bokor-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/praktiken_bokor-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/praktiken_bokor.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bokor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft nhanh: Bokor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Lo\u1ea1i:<\/strong> Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Vodou: th\u1ea7y t\u1ebf Vodou h\u1eafc thu\u1eadt (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi Houngan)<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0110i\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n<\/span>: Vodou (Haiti), ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<br>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng: Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh h\u1eafc thu\u1eadt, t\u1ea1o ra Zombi, r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c n\u00f4 l\u1ec7<br>\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh: trang ph\u1ee5c \u0111en-\u0111\u1ecf, t\u00fai ouanga, b\u00fap b\u00ea \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t, c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 t\u1ed1i t\u0103m<br>Trung t\u00e2m th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh: kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng khai, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf b\u00ed m\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 Hounfor<br>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t: Houngan (th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh s\u00e1ng) so v\u1edbi Bokor (th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1i)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTruy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Bokor h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf Saint-Domingue thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba song song v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 t\u0103ng l\u1eef Vodou ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Vodou h\u1eafc thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t theo ngh\u0129a t\u1ed1i t\u0103m, Bokor &#8220;l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai tay&#8221;. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc n\u1edf r\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19-20; cu\u1ed1n <em>The Serpent and the Rainbow<\/em> (1985) c\u1ee7a Wade Davis \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a Bokor v\u00e0o \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Haiti.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Haiti. \u1ede Port-au-Prince, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y d\u1ea7n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y ra ngo\u00e0i l\u1ec1 t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20. Trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Haiti h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i (New Orleans, Miami, Quimbanda Brazil) r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 \u1ea9n khu\u1ea5t. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t Bokor n\u00e0o duy tr\u00ec <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd<\/span> c\u00f4ng khai; th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh mang t\u00ednh b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong kh\u00f4ng gian ri\u00eang t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u1ea9n b\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu: <em>Divine Horsemen<\/em> c\u1ee7a Maya Deren (1953, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp ng\u1eafn), <em>The Serpent and the Rainbow<\/em> c\u1ee7a Wade Davis (1985, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc Bokor g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i), nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i <em>Passage of Darkness<\/em> c\u1ee7a Davis (1988). V\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o: Hurbon, <em>Voodoo: Search for the Spirit<\/em>; M\u00e9traux, <em>Le Vaudou ha\u00eftien<\/em>. Ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh: McAlister, <em>Rara!<\/em>; Ramsey, <em>The Spirits and the Law<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">T\u00ean g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt c\u00f2n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 Bok\u00f2, Bocor ho\u1eb7c Bokonon, trong \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea7y b\u00f3i Fa \u1edf Benin. Wade Davis m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 Bokor trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 zombi h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ngo\u00e0i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i k\u00edn nh\u01b0 Bizango. C\u00e1c danh x\u01b0ng vai tr\u00f2 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia nghi l\u1ec5 mang t\u00ednh hai m\u1eb7t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong nhi\u1ec1u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Afro-Caribbean, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng Obeah trong v\u00f9ng Caribbean n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh.<\/p><p>T\u1eeb Bokor (ti\u1ebfng Creole: b\u00f2k\u00f2) trong Vodou Haiti ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 m\u00e0 theo c\u00e2u n\u00f3i th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng &#8220;l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai tay&#8221;, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ea3 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh l\u1eabn g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 g\u1ed1c T\u00e2y Phi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n c\u00e1c danh x\u01b0ng d\u00e0nh cho th\u1ea7y b\u00f3i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi am hi\u1ec3u nghi l\u1ec5 trong ti\u1ebfng Fon c\u1ee7a Dahomey. Trong c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, n\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi Houngan, th\u1ea7y t\u1ebf Vodou ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng, d\u00f9 ranh gi\u1edbi trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">M\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bokor (ti\u1ebfng Creole Haiti: <em>bok\u00f2<\/em>) trong Vodou Haiti l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh &#8220;Tay Tr\u00e1i&#8221;, t\u1ee9c ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 h\u1eafc \u00e1m, tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Houngan\/Manbo h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Rada (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\" tabindex=\"0\">b\u1ea1ch thu\u1eadt<\/span>). C\u00e1c Bokor l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng Petro c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Loa hung h\u0103ng v\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c vong linh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t.<\/p><p>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd bao g\u1ed3m ph\u00f9 thu\u1eadt (<em>maji<\/em>), ph\u00f9 ch\u00fa g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i (<em>wanga<\/em>), t\u1ea1o ra Zombi v\u00e0 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 phi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\" tabindex=\"0\">linh h\u1ed3n<\/span>. H\u1ecd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf r\u00eca c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vodou ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb Houngan c\u00f9ng Manbo khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i (xem M\u00e9traux, <em>Voodoo in Haiti<\/em>; Hurbon, <em>Voodoo: Search for the Spirit<\/em>; Davis, <em>The Serpent and the Rainbow<\/em>).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft: Bokor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Bokor. C\u00e1c m\u1ee5c sau \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Bokor<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Vodou, Bokor l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu t\u1ed1i t\u0103m c\u1ee7a <em>Houngan<\/em> (th\u1ea7y t\u1ebf Vodou ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng). Trong khi Houngan gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 hai tay, Bokor c\u0169ng &#8220;l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai tay&#8221; k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 b\u00e0n tay t\u1ed1i t\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c qua <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\" tabindex=\"0\">ph\u00f9 thu\u1eadt<\/span>.<\/p><p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Nghi l\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng tu t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed; th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eafn v\u1edbi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\">\u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t Bokor l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i h\u01a1n; ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t m\u1eadt. C\u00e1c Bokor \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p Vodou ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Bokor<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng: g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i h\u1eafc thu\u1eadt cho k\u1ebb th\u00f9 theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u1ea1o ra <em>Zombi<\/em> t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi qua \u0111\u1eddi, r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c trung th\u00e0nh tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ef1c \u0111oan (khi Houngan kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap). C\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho nh\u1eefng ai &#8220;mua&#8221; d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb Bokor. B\u1ecb c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vodou ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng l\u00ean \u00e1n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Di\u1ec7n m\u1ea1o<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bokor l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trong \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, h\u1ecd m\u1eb7c \u0111en ho\u1eb7c \u0111en-\u0111\u1ecf, \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n Creole (x\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e2u, t\u00fai \u0111\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba). C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5: <em>ouanga<\/em> (t\u00fai ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u ch\u1ee9a th\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3), b\u00fap b\u00ea \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba, \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e2u, l\u00e1 thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, n\u1ebfn \u0111en v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf. C\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i ng\u00e3 t\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng:<\/strong> Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Bokor b\u1ecb s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Haiti. Nh\u1eefng ai c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, xung \u0111\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh, xui x\u1ebbo trong kinh doanh, h\u00f4n \u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n, \u0111\u00f4i khi nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 Bokor \u0111ang l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i h\u1ecd.<\/p><p>S\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c th\u0103m Houngan ri\u00eang v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3n ph\u00f9. C\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 Bokor \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u00ed m\u1eadt; kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n l\u1edbn. \u1ede Haiti hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\" tabindex=\"0\">huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ouanga (t\u00fai ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u), b\u00fap b\u00ea \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba, n\u1ebfn \u0111en v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e2u v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng, g\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee3c (Datura, c\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c d\u01b0\u1ee3c, belladonna), b\u1ed9t (theo Davis: ch\u1ee9a tetrodotoxin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o Zombi). \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt linh thi\u00eang: g\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng \u0111en, ch\u00f3 \u0111en. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt linh thi\u00eang: Datura, belladonna, c\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c d\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Houngan<\/em> (Vodou, c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng), <em>Mambo<\/em> (n\u1eef t\u01b0 t\u1ebf Vodou ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng). C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 h\u1eafc \u00e1m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u: <em>Hexer<\/em> (truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n gian Germanic), <em>Brujo<\/em> (M\u1ef9 Latinh), <em>Kahuna ana&#8217;ana<\/em> (Hawaii, Kahuna gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi), <em>Tantrika c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Aghori<\/em> (\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh hai m\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac), <em>asipu c\u1ee7a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\" tabindex=\"0\">h\u1eafc thu\u1eadt<\/span><\/em> (Mesopotamia).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>C\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 apotropaic ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a Bokor<\/h3><p>S\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f9 ch\u00fa g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Bokor \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c l\u1eddi kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u thanh t\u1ea9y c\u1ee7a Loa Rada, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Damballah v\u00e0 Erzulie Freda. C\u00e1c Houngan ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 thanh t\u1ea9y (<em>laver t\u00e8t<\/em>, &#8220;r\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u&#8221;) b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 l\u1eddi kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u. T\u1eafm b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1nh hoa tr\u1eafng (nh\u00e0i, cam) v\u00e0 Eau de Cologne l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, m\u1ed9t Houngan c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3n ph\u00f9 ch\u1ed1ng Bokor (xem Deren, <em>Divine Horsemen<\/em>).<\/p><h3>C\u00e1c l\u1eddi kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u1ef1 tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb mang t\u00ednh ma thu\u1eadt hay t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o; c\u0169ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c.\" tabindex=\"0\">tr\u1eeb t\u00e0<\/span><\/h3><p>C\u00e1c l\u1eddi kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng Bokor g\u1ecdi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c Loa s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Rada: &#8220;Ayibobo&#8221; nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh, &#8220;Damballah W\u00e8do&#8221; nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n r\u1eafn. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i ca thanh t\u1ea9y ti\u1ebfng Creole (<em>chants d\u00e9sorcelants<\/em>) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng trong khi t\u1eafm thanh t\u1ea9y.<\/p><h3>B\u00f9a h\u1ed9 m\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/h3><p>C\u00e1c b\u00f9a h\u1ed9 m\u1ec7nh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (<em>pak\u00e8t kongo<\/em>), nh\u1eefng b\u00f3 v\u1ea3i nh\u1ecf ch\u1ee9a th\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111eo mang \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 ch\u00fa Bokor. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 V\u00e8v\u00e8 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Loa b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 (Damballah, Erzulie Freda, Loko) tr\u00ean <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u01a1i cao ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0n d\u00e0nh cho l\u1ec5 v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.\" tabindex=\"0\">b\u00e0n th\u1edd<\/span> trong nh\u00e0. N\u1ebfn tr\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafp \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n vinh c\u00e1c Loa Rada. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eafm r\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng Wanga v\u1edbi mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u00edn gi\u1ecdt d\u1ea7u lavender nh\u01b0 th\u00f3i quen h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ecb Bokor \u0111e d\u1ecda.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bokor v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c T\u00e2y Phi v\u00e0 Congo<\/h3><p>Bokor k\u1ebf th\u1eeba truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 &#8220;Tay Tr\u00e1i&#8221; T\u00e2y Phi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia <em>babalawo bibalawe<\/em> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Yoruba v\u00e0 <em>nganga ya kindoki<\/em> c\u1ee7a Congo (th\u1ea7y ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y). Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Bambara \u1edf Mali, c\u00f3 <em>soma<\/em> nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean ph\u00f9 ch\u00fa g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Bokor Haiti k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u00f9 ch\u00fa g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i T\u00e2y Phi v\u1edbi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\" tabindex=\"0\">h\u1eafc thu\u1eadt<\/span> t\u1eed th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Congo (xem MacGaffey, <em>Religion and Society in Central Africa<\/em>).<\/p><h3>C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf Caribbean<\/h3><p>C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 h\u1eafc \u00e1m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng Obeah Jamaica, <em>palero<\/em> Cuba (ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Palo Mayombe), nh\u00e0 t\u00e2m linh Trinidad v\u00e0 Hoodoo \u1edf c\u00e1c bang mi\u1ec1n Nam Hoa K\u1ef3. Cu\u1ed9c di t\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\" tabindex=\"0\">h\u1eafc thu\u1eadt<\/span> Creole-T\u00e2y Phi, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1eafc thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i.<\/p><h3>Ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h3><p>Bokor \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Hollywood B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 (William Seabrook, Victor Halperin, Wes Craven) bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh &#8220;th\u1ea7y t\u1ebf Voodoo&#8221; khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 phim kinh d\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u00f3p m\u00e9o nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Haiti phong ph\u00fa. B\u1ed9 phim <em>The Serpent and the Rainbow<\/em> (1988, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Davis) c\u1ee7a Wes Craven \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i Zombi c\u1ee7a Bokor. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o h\u1ecdc (Hurbon, McAlister) li\u00ean t\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu n\u00e0y.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpbc822a0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpbc822a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp084b49d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp084b49d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong Vodou Haiti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2898e8f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2898e8f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa5ed1b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa5ed1b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bokor l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh x\u01b0ng vai tr\u00f2 trong Vodou Haiti, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng nghi l\u1ec5, c\u1ea3 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh l\u1eabn g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i.<\/p><p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Bokor v\u1edbi Houngan v\u00e0 Mambo, c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u1ebf v\u00e0 n\u1eef t\u01b0 t\u1ebf m\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu g\u1eafn v\u1edbi ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n t\u1ee9c c\u00e1c Lwa. Theo c\u00e2u n\u00f3i d\u00e2n gian, Bokor ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 hai tay.<\/p><p>T\u00ednh hai m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c. Trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng ranh gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa Houngan v\u00e0 Bokor trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u01b0 t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia t\u00f9y theo ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp.<\/p><p>Bokor \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5, d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. Quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Bokor \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y \u00fd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p><p>Do \u0111\u00f3, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Vodou, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 T\u00e2y Phi, Trung Phi v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u1edf Caribbean. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam, xem b\u00e0i t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 <a href=\"\/vi\/vodou\/\">Vodou<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7f4e55d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp7f4e55d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb35d48c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpb35d48c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bokor trong truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Zombi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4ffbf07 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp4ffbf07\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa3a7b63 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa3a7b63\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bokor \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng qua m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 <a href=\"\/vi\/zombi\/\">Zombi<\/a>. Trong <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7.\" tabindex=\"0\">truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft<\/span> Haiti, Bokor \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t linh h\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1ea5t \u00fd ch\u00ed. Zombi t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 Bokor cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kh\u00e1c.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Nh\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc Wade Davis \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 trong hai cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch <em>The Serpent and the Rainbow<\/em> (1985) v\u00e0 <em>Passage of Darkness<\/em> (1988) lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh d\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh zombi h\u00f3a, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ea7n kinh t\u1eeb c\u00e1 n\u00f3c.<\/span><\/p><p>Lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i trong ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c ch\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so s\u00e1nh.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m. \u0110i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng tranh c\u00e3i l\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 Zombi \u1edf Haiti g\u1eafn b\u00f3 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Bokor.<\/p><p>\u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i: Trong nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Haiti, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Zombi m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 nh\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh Zombi.<\/p><p>Bokor do \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t. iWell Guard m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7.\" tabindex=\"0\">truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft<\/span> v\u0103n h\u00f3a ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf758ebb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpf758ebb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpcf38748 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpcf38748\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7ebe45a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp7ebe45a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpee56a8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpee56a8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>H\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Bokor trong c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u00f3p m\u00e9o. C\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt du l\u1ecbch, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc gi\u1eadt g\u00e2n v\u00e0 phim \u1ea3nh th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n <em>White Zombie<\/em> (1932), v\u1ebd n\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh v\u1ec1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\" tabindex=\"0\">h\u1eafc thu\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111en t\u1ed1i g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Haiti.<\/span><\/p><p>Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u00e0y n\u00f3i l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 Zora Neale Hurston, Alfred M\u00e9traux v\u1edbi <em>Le Vaudou ha\u00eftien<\/em> (1958) v\u00e0 Maya Deren \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y Vodou nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, trong \u0111\u00f3 Bokor l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nhi\u1ec1u vai tr\u00f2 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p><p>C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 sau c\u00f2n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p><p>Trong <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng.\" tabindex=\"0\">t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o h\u1ecdc<\/span> hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, Bokor \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng nghi l\u1ec5, nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. Ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. Ai quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 linh h\u1ed3n li\u00ean quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 <a href=\"\/vi\/lwa\/\">Lwa<\/a> v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng <a href=\"\/vi\/zombi\/\">Zombi<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Li\u00ean k\u1ebft tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"\/vi\/zombi\/\">Zombi, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Bokor<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/vi\/baron-samedi\/\">Baron Samedi, Loa c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra Zombi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/vi\/voodozauber\/\">Ph\u00f9 thu\u1eadt Voodoo, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ti\u1ebfp theo<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/vi\/vodou\/\">Vodou, t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o (tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Davis, Wade: <em>Passage of Darkness. The Ethnobiology of the Haitian Zombie<\/em>. Chapel Hill 1988.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Davis, Wade: <em>The Serpent and the Rainbow<\/em>. New York 1985.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>McAlister, Elizabeth: <em>Rara! Vodou, Power, and Performance in Haiti<\/em>. Berkeley 2002.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Ramsey, Kate: <em>The Spirits and the Law. Vodou and Power in Haiti<\/em>. Chicago 2011.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>C\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong <a href=\"\/vi\/literatur\/\">danh m\u1ee5c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bokor, linh h\u1ed3n trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Haiti Bokor l\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Haiti. B\u1eadc th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a h\u1eafc thu\u1eadt, k\u1ebb cai tr\u1ecb Zombi v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a. Bokor l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi Houngan (th\u1ea7y t\u1ebf Vodou l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n). Trong khi Houngan ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 c\u00e1c Loa v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, Bokor ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1759,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Bokor Vodou","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Bokor - Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 Vodou h\u1eafc \u00e1m c\u1ee7a Haiti v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 ch\u00fa g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 h\u1eafc \u00e1m, k\u1ebb t\u1ea1o ra Zombi v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a - h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi Houngan trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Vodou Haiti.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"4","wesen_kultur":"vodou","wesen_klasse":"geister","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-88817","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bokor - Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 Vodou h\u1eafc \u00e1m c\u1ee7a Haiti v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 ch\u00fa g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 h\u1eafc \u00e1m, k\u1ebb t\u1ea1o ra Zombi v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a - h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi Houngan trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Vodou Haiti.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/bokor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bokor\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 h\u1eafc \u00e1m, k\u1ebb t\u1ea1o ra Zombi v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a - h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi Houngan trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Vodou Haiti.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/bokor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-02T23:33:26+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/praktiken_bokor.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"21 ph\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/bokor\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/bokor\\\/\",\"name\":\"Bokor - Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 Vodou h\u1eafc \u00e1m c\u1ee7a Haiti v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 ch\u00fa g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/bokor\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/bokor\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/praktiken_bokor.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-08-02T23:33:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-08-02T23:33:26+00:00\",\"description\":\"Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 h\u1eafc \u00e1m, k\u1ebb t\u1ea1o ra Zombi v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a - h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi Houngan trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Vodou Haiti.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/bokor\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/bokor\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/vi\\\/bokor\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/praktiken_bokor.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/praktiken_bokor.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Praktik. 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