{"id":88160,"date":"2026-08-02T22:54:28","date_gmt":"2026-08-02T22:54:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vua-gesar\/"},"modified":"2026-08-02T22:54:57","modified_gmt":"2026-08-02T22:54:57","slug":"vua-gesar","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/vi\/vua-gesar\/","title":{"rendered":"Vua Gesar"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"88160\" class=\"elementor elementor-88160 elementor-3051\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87d2ada e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"87d2ada\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ac6fc8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2ac6fc8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-422fa97 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"422fa97\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d166bc7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d166bc7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vua Gesar, anh h\u00f9ng ca T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10ce150 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"10ce150\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vua Gesar l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean anh h\u00f9ng ca T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn ng\u00e0y nay. Vua Gesar c\u1ee7a Ling (ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng: Gling Ge-sar rgyal-po) l\u00e0 v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i trong thi\u00ean s\u1eed thi qu\u1ed1c gia T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt anh h\u00f9ng trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n N\u1ed9i \u00c1.<\/p><p>Thi\u00ean s\u1eed thi v\u1ec1 Gesar v\u1edbi h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u d\u00f2ng th\u01a1 trong c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 thi\u00ean s\u1eed thi truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9u d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o Danh s\u00e1ch Di s\u1ea3n V\u0103n h\u00f3a Phi v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 n\u0103m 2009. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecb b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, Buryatia, Ladakh v\u00e0 Bhutan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b0985e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0b0985e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebc04dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"ebc04dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Th\u1ea7n \/ N\u1eef th\u1ea7n: Quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng t\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch h\u00f3a trong \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn, chi\u1ebfn tranh, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5, l\u1ec5 v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd.\">Th\u1ea7n<\/span><a href=\"\/vi\/tibet\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 B\u00f6n - Yidam, Dharmap\u0101la, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Naga.\">T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7b6fe9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a7b6fe9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1c2f54 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"e1c2f54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Kh\\u00f4ng t\\u00ecm th\\u1ea5y ti\\u00eau \\u0111\\u1ec1 n\\u00e0o tr\\u00ean trang n\\u00e0y.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tM\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e1c2f54\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e1c2f54\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__e1c2f54\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77063d0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"77063d0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5da61ab iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5da61ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_tibet_gesar-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3271\" alt=\"Gesar - G\u00f6tter aus der Tibet-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_tibet_gesar-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_tibet_gesar-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_tibet_gesar-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_tibet_gesar.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ea962f e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7ea962f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fdeb0d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4fdeb0d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd6b83c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cd6b83c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c6ed28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c6ed28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u00e0nh v\u0103n c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1eed thi Gesar c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 14 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16, nh\u01b0ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c xa h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p><p>R. A. Stein trong &#8220;Recherches sur l&#8217;\u00e9pop\u00e9e et le barde au Tibet&#8221; (1959) \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng s\u1eed thi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecb b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u00f4i khi r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n trong c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n tu vi\u1ec7n T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed3m t\u1eeb 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 120 t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n<p>Per S\u00f8rensen v\u00e0 Andreas Gruschke trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a s\u1eed thi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng (Kham, Amdo) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean, Thanh H\u1ea3i v\u00e0 Cam T\u00fac.<\/p><p>V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Ling, n\u01a1i Gesar tr\u1ecb v\u00ec, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quanh th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n s\u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t. Klaus Sagaster trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Gesar M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 c\u1ee7a s\u1eed thi v\u00e0o th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-508239c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"508239c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60f77a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60f77a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1ed9i dung<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30e3a51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"30e3a51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u1eed thi m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t xu\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea7n gian \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u x\u1ee9 Ling \u0111ang b\u1ecb qu\u1ef7 ma \u0111e d\u1ecda. Gesar \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra l\u00e0 con trai c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n Brahma v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tr\u1ea7n gian Gogmo.<\/p><p>T\u00ean th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 Joru, v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 khinh mi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m. Ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua ng\u1ef1a m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ngo\u00e0i m\u1ecdi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng, ng\u00e0i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 Vua c\u1ee7a Ling v\u00e0 mang danh hi\u1ec7u v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3 Gesar.<\/p>\n\n<p>C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u1eed thi g\u1ed3m 18 &#8220;cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c&#8221; (&#8220;dgra &#8216;dul&#8221;) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t, trong \u0111\u00f3 Gesar chinh chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ef7 ma, b\u1ea1o ch\u00faa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vua th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, thu ph\u1ee5c l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p.<\/p><p>Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3: chinh ph\u1ee5c Hor (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc), chinh ph\u1ee5c Mon (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam), chinh ph\u1ee5c Jang (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng) v\u00e0 chinh ph\u1ee5c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i s\u1eaft \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Trung Hoa. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, Gesar tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb c\u1ee9u th\u1ebf trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 t\u1eadn th\u1ebf.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b972b1e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b972b1e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf6e3e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bf6e3e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f188d66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f188d66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Geoffrey Samuel trong &#8220;Civilized Shamans&#8221; (1993) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a s\u1eed thi Gesar v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ba t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp ch\u00ednh. \u1ede t\u1ea7ng B\u00f6n ti\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, Gesar hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh mang n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p thu\u1eadt shaman. \u1ede t\u1ea7ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1p. \u1ede t\u1ea7ng mu\u1ed9n, mang t\u00ednh ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Gelug-pa v\u00e0 Nyingma-pa, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi Padmasambhava v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng.<\/p><p>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng trong c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t Gesar v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1edbi Caesar c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa (qua trung gian Ba T\u01b0 v\u00e0 Duy Ng\u00f4 Nh\u0129 l\u00e0 &#8220;Kesar&#8221;) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Stein v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00e2m thanh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Lauran Hartley v\u00e0 Pema Bhum, \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a Gesar g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 11 ho\u1eb7c 12, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u1ecf ng\u1ecf.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6f9b6d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f6f9b6d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8280c51 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8280c51\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2aef01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2aef01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u1eed thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;sgrung-mkhan&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;gling-pa&#8221;. H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c s\u1eed thi m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 qua gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c linh \u1ea3nh.<\/p><p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang h\u1ed9p s\u1ecd&#8221;, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed thi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c linh h\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Hu Jinpu, Yang Enhong v\u00e0 Lauran Hartley \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p chi ti\u1ebft th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<p>Th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e1t trong 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 12 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u0169 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1o x\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng trong h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n h\u00e1t rong Trung \u00c1 c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c &#8220;manaschi&#8221; c\u1ee7a Kyrgyzstan (s\u1eed thi Manas) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c &#8220;y\u00f6r\u00f6\u00f6lchi&#8221; c\u1ee7a M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5. Klaus Sagaster v\u00e0 Walther Heissig \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59a4dd6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"59a4dd6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d787b8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d787b8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9ca0a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c9ca0a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, Gesar kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t anh h\u00f9ng v\u0103n h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n th\u1edd t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Nyingma-pa v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng Kagyu, Gesar \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn binh c\u1ee7a Padmasambhava v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00f4n vinh ng\u00e0i, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 (gsol-kha) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 (x\u00f4ng kh\u00f3i sang) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh. Donald Lopez trong &#8220;Prisoners of Shangri-La&#8221; (1998) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Gesar trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1ch ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c \u00fd ngh\u0129a.\" tabindex=\"0\">bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n<p>Robert Thurman trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n linh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n trong m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a.\" tabindex=\"0\">th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra t\u00ednh \u0111a ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Gesar: ng\u00e0i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p vai tr\u00f2 anh h\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn binh, s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 thi\u00eang li\u00eang, k\u00fd \u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Trong c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 tu vi\u1ec7n, Gesar th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef5 s\u0129 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ea7m gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfm, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi con b\u1ea1ch m\u00e3 Kyang Bu v\u00e0 30 anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df9cc33 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"df9cc33\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06d0e8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"06d0e8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ra ngo\u00e0i T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c839d05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c839d05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u1eed thi Gesar kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, v\u00f9ng Buryatia ven h\u1ed3 Baikal, v\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Tuva v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Monguor, Salar v\u00e0 Yugur \u1edf r\u00eca \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Trung Hoa.<\/p><p>\u1ede M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, s\u1eed thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;Geser khaan&#8221; v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch sang phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17 v\u00e0 18. D\u1ecb b\u1ea3n Buryatia mang \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p thu\u1eadt shaman v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng mang \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n<p>Walther Heissig \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Gesar c\u1ee7a M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 v\u00e0 Buryatia qua nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1ch t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn m\u00e0u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ri\u00eang \u1edf m\u1ed7i v\u00f9ng. \u1ede Ladakh, s\u1eed thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u0103m 2009 ghi nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t xuy\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-073fee5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"073fee5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-568986a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"568986a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-192990c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"192990c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u1ea1i C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Hoa, s\u1eed thi Gesar \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950 v\u00e0 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c t\u1eadp. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp v\u00e0 bi\u00ean t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t &#8220;phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n chu\u1ea9n&#8221; kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng. Lauran Hartley v\u00e0 Pema Bhum \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00f3 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n v\u1ec1 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n<p>Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 M\u1ef9, Gesar t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Stein v\u00e0 Heissig \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n, v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed thi so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 Solomon Mowtschanetz, Yang Enhong v\u00e0 Robin Kornman.<\/p><p>B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfng Anh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a s\u1eed thi, do Robin Kornman v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 &#8220;The Epic of Gesar of Ling&#8221; (2012), \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e24dbe e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5e24dbe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e78f666 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e78f666\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u1ef1 khai th\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8c80fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a8c80fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u1eed thi Gesar trong v\u00e0i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 qua \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi Thanh, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c \u00fd ngh\u0129a.\" tabindex=\"0\">bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi Trung Hoa D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7 M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5-T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p><p>T\u1ea1i C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Hoa, Gesar \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 &#8220;anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Trung Hoa&#8221;, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 Tsering Shakya \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t. T\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng l\u01b0u vong, Gesar ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c \u00fd ngh\u0129a.\" tabindex=\"0\">bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf v\u0103n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, s\u1eed thi c\u0169ng mang t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Nyingma-pa v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng Kagyu nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh Gesar nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb h\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, trong khi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Gelug-pa, m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1t Lai L\u1ea1t Ma c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1, \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u1eed thi theo c\u00e1ch gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch h\u01a1n, v\u00ec n\u00f3 b\u1ea3o l\u01b0u nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o.<\/p><p>Geoffrey Samuel \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eefng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh \u0111a nguy\u00ean n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i trong t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4695fd2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4695fd2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b02e27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1b02e27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ce5353 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ce5353\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n s\u1eed thi Gesar \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia trong ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9: &#8220;babs sgrung&#8221; (ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn qua linh \u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trance), &#8220;thos sgrung&#8221; (ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n h\u1ecdc qua vi\u1ec7c nghe), &#8220;dgongs sgrung&#8221; (ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc qua s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"M\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 phi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\" tabindex=\"0\">linh h\u1ed3n<\/span>) v\u00e0 &#8220;brda sgrung&#8221; (ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n vi\u1ebft h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3).<\/p><p>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Rolf Alfred Stein trong &#8220;L&#8217;\u00e9pop\u00e9e tib\u00e9taine de Gesar dans sa version lama\u00efque de Ling&#8221; (Paris 1956) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong &#8220;Recherches sur l&#8217;\u00e9pop\u00e9e et le barde au Tibet&#8221; (Paris 1959).<\/p><p>Stein ghi ch\u00e9p \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t trance, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a s\u1eed thi &#8220;hi\u1ec7n ra&#8221; v\u1edbi h\u1ecd.<\/p><p>Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Yang Enhong (&#8220;A Comparative Study of the Singing Styles of Mongolian and Tibetan Geser\/Gesar Artists&#8221;, 2002) v\u00e0 Lauran Hartley x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Thanh H\u1ea3i v\u00e0 T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>Geoffrey Samuel trong &#8220;Civilized Shamans. Buddhism in Tibetan Societies&#8221; (Washington 1993) v\u00e0 trong tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng &#8220;Tantric Revisionings&#8221; (Aldershot 2005) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc g\u1eafn k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o shaman, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng trong quan h\u1ec7 d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n B\u00f6n.<\/p><p>Th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a s\u1eed thi theo c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a Stein l\u00e0 t\u1eeb s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi hai ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1eed thi trong 120 t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n ng\u00e0y nay theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Donald Lopez v\u00e0 Yang Enhong g\u1ed3m kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u c\u00e2u th\u01a1, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u1eed thi truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56fff50 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"56fff50\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7005d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d7005d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, Buryatia v\u00e0 Ladakh<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-302d3e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"302d3e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a s\u1eed thi, &#8220;Geser Khan&#8221;, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n song song v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng qua M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 v\u00e0 Buryatia v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o vi\u1ebft tay. Quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 &#8220;B\u1ea3n kh\u1eafc g\u1ed7 B\u1eafc Kinh&#8221; n\u0103m 1716, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Khang Hy v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u0103n h\u00f3a cung \u0111\u00ecnh M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p Geser. Walther Heissig trong &#8220;Geser-Studien.<\/p><p>Untersuchungen zu den Erz\u00e4hlstoffen in den neuen Kapiteln des mongolischen Geser-Zyklus&#8221; (Wiesbaden 1983) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 &#8220;Asiatische Forschungen&#8221; \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 b\u1ecf qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111o\u1ea1n T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 anh h\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 (g\u01b0\u01a1m c\u1ee7a Geser, tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Mangus m\u01b0\u1eddi hai \u0111\u1ea7u).<\/p><p>C\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n Buryatia (&#8220;\u00fclgershin&#8221;) t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed thi ri\u00eang, trong \u0111\u00f3 Geser tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean t\u1eed t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede Ladakh, m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n ri\u00eang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c August Hermann Francke bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 &#8220;Kesar Saga&#8221; trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a &#8220;Asiatic Society of Bengal&#8221; (1905 \u0111\u1ebfn 1909). Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, Francke \u0111\u00e3 s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng t\u1ea1i Khalatse v\u00e0 Leh trong h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n ch\u00e9p \u00e2m ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng k\u00e8m b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfng Anh.<\/p><p>\u1ea4n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00ec n\u00f3 ghi ch\u00e9p m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean t\u00e2y c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, n\u01a1i Geser ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o khung h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 v\u1eabn b\u1ea3o l\u01b0u nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd96ac9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fd96ac9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be9da4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"be9da4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6868e04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6868e04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, Gesar \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef5 s\u0129 chi\u1ebfn binh, th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eb7c gi\u00e1p s\u1eaft, c\u1ea7m gi\u00e1o, cung, \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 c\u00f3 l\u00f4ng v\u0169 v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1ee1i tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t con ng\u1ef1a nhanh nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3.<\/p><p>Con b\u1ea1ch m\u00e3 Kyang Bu c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc<\/span>. Trong c\u00e1c Thangka, Gesar \u0111\u00f4i khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0 la, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi 30 anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n v\u1ecb vua c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17.<\/p>\n\n<p>M\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n v\u1ecb vua c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mang l\u1ea1i cho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc<\/span> Gesar m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc, n\u00e2ng n\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng anh h\u00f9ng thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay. Andreas Gruschke trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Amdo \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c Thangka v\u00e0 tranh t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 Gesar \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau theo t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c tu vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t phong ph\u00fa.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vua Gesar, anh h\u00f9ng ca T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng Vua Gesar l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean anh h\u00f9ng ca T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn ng\u00e0y nay. Vua Gesar c\u1ee7a Ling (ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng: Gling Ge-sar rgyal-po) l\u00e0 v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i trong thi\u00ean s\u1eed thi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3271,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Vua Gesar","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Vua Gesar - Anh h\u00f9ng ca T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Vua Gesar c\u1ee7a Ling l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean s\u1eed thi d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi - T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, Bhutan. H\u00f3a th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Padmasambhava, v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn binh.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-88160","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Vua Gesar - Anh h\u00f9ng ca T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Vua Gesar c\u1ee7a Ling l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean s\u1eed thi d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi - T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, Bhutan. 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