{"id":72610,"date":"2026-08-01T22:00:54","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T22:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/yer-sub-tuerklerin-toprak-ve-su-ruhu\/"},"modified":"2026-08-01T22:01:15","modified_gmt":"2026-08-01T22:01:15","slug":"yer-sub","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/tr\/yer-sub\/","title":{"rendered":"Yer-Sub &#8211; T\u00fcrklerin Toprak ve Su Ruhu"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"72610\" class=\"elementor elementor-72610 elementor-2638\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yer-Sub, Eski T\u00fcrk kutsal topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n toprak ve su g\u00fcc\u00fc<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yer-Sub (eski T\u00fcrk\u00e7e <em>Yer-Sub<\/em>, &#8220;Toprak-Su&#8221;), eski T\u00fcrk ve Sibirya-tengrist din sisteminde kutsal topra\u011f\u0131n ve kutsal sular\u0131n bir araya gelen numin\u00f6z g\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yukar\u0131daki Tengri ve aradaki Umai ile birlikte kozmolojik bir \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olu\u015fturur. T\u00fcrk ve Sibirya-tengrist kaynaklar, Yer-Sub&#8217;u kutsal topra\u011f\u0131n toprak ve su g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak betimlemektedir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Sibirya \/ Tengricilik gelene\u011finin do\u011fa ruhu.\">Do\u011fa Ruhu<\/span><a href=\"\/tr\/sibirisch-tengrismus\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Sibirya \/ Tengricilik gelene\u011finin mitolojisi.\">Sibirya \/ Tengricilik<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Toprak ve su g\u00fcc\u00fc.\">Toprak ve Su G\u00fcc\u00fc<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Bu sayfada ba\\u015fl\\u0131k bulunamad\\u0131.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0130\u00e7indekiler\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-yersub-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-yersub-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-yersub-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_yer-sub-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2856\" alt=\"Yer Sub - Geister aus der Sibirisch-tengrismus-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_yer-sub-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_yer-sub-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_yer-sub-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_yer-sub.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-sec-iwgcomp-yer-sub elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"sec-iwgcomp-yer-sub\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-col-iwgcomp-yer-sub\" data-id=\"col-iwgcomp-yer-sub\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcomp-yer-sub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcomp-yer-sub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yer-Sub, <strong>Toprak-Su G\u00fcc\u00fc<\/strong>, eski T\u00fcrk gelene\u011finde hem kutsal topra\u011f\u0131 hem de akan unsuru birlikte cisimlendirir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma ve K\u0131sa Profil<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"\/tr\/tengri\/\">Tengri<\/a>, <a href=\"\/tr\/umai\/\">Umai<\/a> veya <a href=\"\/tr\/uelgen\/\">\u00dclgen<\/a> gibi ki\u015fisel tanr\u0131lardan farkl\u0131 olarak Yer-Sub bir birey de\u011fil, kolektif ve yere ba\u011fl\u0131 bir g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr.<\/p><p>8. y\u00fczy\u0131la ait Orhon Yaz\u0131tlar\u0131&#8217;nda (K\u00fcl Tigin, Bilge Ka\u011fan, Tonyukuk) Yer-Sub d\u00fczenli olarak \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir form\u00fclde yer al\u0131r: &#8220;Tengri (G\u00f6k), Umai (Ana) ve Yer-Sub (Toprak-Su) bize zafer verdi.&#8221; Bu form\u00fcl, eski T\u00fcrk Tengricili\u011finin kozmolojik yap\u0131s\u0131na ili\u015fkin en \u00f6nemli kan\u0131tlardan biridir.<\/p><p><a href=\"\/tr\/sibirisch-tengrismus\/\">Sibirya-tengrist gelenek<\/a> i\u00e7inde daha sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde da\u011f beyleri, kaynak ruhlar\u0131 ve nehir ruhlar\u0131 gibi uzman fig\u00fcrler, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta toplu olarak Yer-Sub&#8217;a atfedilen somut i\u015flevleri devralm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece Yer-Sub, din tarihinin sonraki evrelerinde adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bireysel ruhlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fullu\u011funa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f; ancak bir kavram olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye devam etmi\u015ftir.<\/p><p>Din fenomenolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Yer-Sub, &#8220;yerel numin\u00f6sl\u00fck&#8221; \u00fczerine \u00f6\u011fretici bir \u00f6rnektir: Evrensel y\u00fcce tanr\u0131lar\u0131n aksine bu g\u00fc\u00e7 mek\u00e2na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve da\u011f ge\u00e7itleri, kaynaklar, nehir a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131 ve kayal\u0131klar gibi somut yerlerde yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle Roma&#8217;n\u0131n <em>genii loci<\/em>&#8216;si ve Japonya&#8217;n\u0131n <em>jinushigami<\/em>&#8216;siyle ayn\u0131 \u00e7izgide yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ad ve Etimoloji<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ad, klasik bir eski T\u00fcrk\u00e7e dvandva bile\u015fi\u011fidir: <em>yer<\/em> (&#8220;toprak, \u00fclke, yer&#8221;) ve <em>sub<\/em> (&#8220;su, kaynak, nehir&#8221;). Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir yap\u0131lar pek \u00e7ok Hint-Avrupa ve Altay dilinde belgelenmi\u015ftir; toprak ile suyun burada iki ayr\u0131 \u015fey olarak de\u011fil, birbirini tamamlayan tek bir ya\u015fam temeli \u00e7ifti olarak alg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade ederler.<\/p><p>Mo\u011fol d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda bu kavrama k\u0131smen <em>gazar usu<\/em> (&#8220;toprak-su&#8221;) ve <em>Et\u00fcgen Eke<\/em> (&#8220;Ana Toprak&#8221;) kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir. Sibirya&#8217;da Buryatlar <em>Lus<\/em> (kaynak ruhlar\u0131n\u0131), Yakutlar ise <em>Aar Tojon<\/em>&#8216;un yery\u00fcz\u00fc hizmetk\u00e2r\u0131 <em>Aan Alakh\u00e7\u0131n<\/em>&#8216;\u0131 tan\u0131r.<\/p><p>Talat Tekin (1968), <em>yer sub<\/em>&#8216;un dilbilgisel stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc bile\u015fik s\u00f6zc\u00fck olarak netle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir: Bu, ard\u0131 ard\u0131na an\u0131lan iki tanr\u0131 de\u011fil, iki \u00fcyeli bir ad\u0131 olan tek bir g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. Bu dilbilimsel g\u00f6zlemin din bilimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r; zira toprak-su g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik bir tasar\u0131m\u0131 oldu\u011funu ima eder.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Betimleme ve \u0130konografi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yer-Sub&#8217;un kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir ikonografisi yoktur. Yere ba\u011fl\u0131 uzman ruhlar g\u00f6rsel bi\u00e7imlere kavu\u015fturuldu\u011funda bu, ta\u015f y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 (<em>obo<\/em>), yaz\u0131l\u0131 ah\u015fap direkler (<em>serge<\/em>), kara\u00e7am a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131na ba\u011flanan kuma\u015f \u015feritler (<em>kyira<\/em>) ve kaynak kenar\u0131ndaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ah\u015fap fig\u00fcrler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak Yer-Sub g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez kal\u0131r; maddenin kendisi onun bedenidir.<\/p><p>Bu tasvir yoklu\u011funu Yer-Sub, uzak <a href=\"\/tr\/tengri\/\">Tengri<\/a> ile payla\u015f\u0131r; ki\u015fisel-antropomorf <a href=\"\/tr\/uelgen\/\">\u00dclgen<\/a>, <a href=\"\/tr\/umai\/\">Umai<\/a> veya <a href=\"\/tr\/erlik-khan\/\">Erlik Han<\/a>&#8216;dan bu y\u00f6n\u00fcyle ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Din fenomenolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu durum, bir <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bir dinin veya k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn tanr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteondaki<\/span> kolektif-numin\u00f6z ile bireysel-ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7ler aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 belirginle\u015ftirir.<\/p><p>Modern Mo\u011fol prati\u011finde Yer-Sub k\u0131smen ovoo ta\u015f y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla cisimlendirilir; b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u00f6renlerde ovoolar\u0131n \u00e7evresine uzun mavi <em>khadag<\/em> \u00f6rt\u00fcler gerilir; bu mavinin rengi bilin\u00e7li olarak <em>M\u00f6ngke K\u00f6ke Tengri<\/em>&#8216;ye at\u0131fta bulunurken ta\u015flar\u0131n kendisi Yer-Sub&#8217;u simgeler.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mitolojik Anlat\u0131lar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>K\u00f6kt\u00fcrk yaz\u0131tlar\u0131 Yer-Sub hakk\u0131nda anlat\u0131lar de\u011fil, yalvarmalar i\u00e7erir. Bireysel da\u011f ve nehir beylerine ili\u015fkin anlat\u0131lar ancak 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n etnografik kay\u0131tlar\u0131nda (Radloff, Anokhin, Verbickij) ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar ve bir arada de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde Yer-Sub spektrumunu doldururlar.<\/p><p>Buryatlarda \u00f6rne\u011fin Baykal G\u00f6l\u00fc &#8220;baba&#8221; olarak, \u00e7evresindeki da\u011flar ise &#8220;karde\u015fler&#8221; olarak an\u0131l\u0131r; bu aile \u015femas\u0131 Yer-Sub g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc akrabal\u0131k metaforlar\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131mlar.<\/p><p>\u00d6zg\u00fcn bir Altay anlat\u0131s\u0131, Erlik&#8217;in d\u00fcnyay\u0131 kendi kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in ele ge\u00e7irme giri\u015fimine kar\u015f\u0131 Yer-Sub&#8217;un isyan etmesiyle da\u011flar\u0131n nas\u0131l olu\u015ftu\u011funu aktar\u0131r: Da\u011flar, kozmik bir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n donmu\u015f dalgalar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu anlat\u0131, yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f ve etyoloji mitleri aras\u0131nda bir yerde durmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Yakut Olonkho destanlar\u0131nda yer tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 <em>Aan Alakh\u00e7\u0131n Hotun<\/em>, Yer-Sub i\u015flevinin bir boyutunu cisimlendirir. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n merkezindeki kutsal a\u011fa\u00e7ta ya\u015far ve t\u00fcm canl\u0131lara ya\u015fam suyundan pay verir; bu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sanatta veya anlat\u0131da yinelenen i\u00e7erik unsuru.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span>, b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik toprak-su kavram\u0131n\u0131 destans\u0131 bi\u00e7imde i\u015fler.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">K\u00fclt ve Tap\u0131nma<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En \u00f6nemli k\u00fclt bi\u00e7imi <em>ovoo<\/em> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Din\u00ee veya k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlam ta\u015f\u0131yan, kurallara ba\u011fl\u0131 sembolik eylemler dizisi.\" tabindex=\"0\">rit\u00fcelidir<\/span>: Bir da\u011f ge\u00e7idinde ya da belirgin bir kayna\u011f\u0131n yan\u0131nda ta\u015f y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturulur, kuma\u015f \u015feritlerle s\u00fcslenir ve saat y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00fc\u00e7 kez dola\u015f\u0131larak onurland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Yolcular \u00fcst\u00fcne bir ta\u015f ekler; \u00e7obanlar yere biraz s\u00fct ya da k\u0131m\u0131z d\u00f6ker.<\/p><p>Devlet d\u00fczeyinde Yer-Sub, Han yeminlerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131: Han\u0131 aldatan ki\u015fi &#8220;Yer-Sub&#8217;u yaralar&#8221; ve d\u00fczenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fer. Bu siyasi i\u015flev, Theophylaktos Simokattes&#8217;in (7. y\u00fczy\u0131l ba\u015f\u0131) T\u00fcrk yemin pratiklerinden s\u00f6z etti\u011fi Bizans anlat\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6rt\u00fck bi\u00e7imde aktar\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Modern Mo\u011folistan&#8217;da ovoo <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Din\u00ee veya k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlam ta\u015f\u0131yan, kurallara ba\u011fl\u0131 sembolik eylemler dizisi.\" tabindex=\"0\">rit\u00fceli<\/span> dikkat \u00e7ekici bir canlanma ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; 1990 sonras\u0131nda binlerce yeni ovoo in\u015fa edilmi\u015f ya da restore edilmi\u015ftir. Caroline Humphrey bu canlanmay\u0131 <em>The Marxist Anthropology of Mongolia<\/em> ve <em>Inside and Outside the Mongol Tent<\/em> (2002) adl\u0131 eserlerinde ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde belgelemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Koruma Prati\u011fi ve Apotropaik Unsurlar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Din bilimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan betimlendi\u011finde: Yer-Sub kompleksindeki koruma pratikleri, zarar\u0131 savu\u015fturmaktan \u00e7ok yerin safl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumaya y\u00f6neliktir.<\/p><p>Bir kayna\u011fa t\u00fck\u00fcrmek, kutsal a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131 k\u0131rmak, bir <em>obo<\/em>&#8216;nun \u00fczerinde def-i h\u00e2cet etmek gibi eylemler yasakt\u0131. Bu yasaklar\u0131n ihlali gelene\u011fin i\u00e7inde &#8220;Yer-Sub&#8217;a zarar verme&#8221; olarak de\u011ferlendirilir ve avda ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k ya da hastal\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulabilirdi.<\/p><p>Dar anlamda <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Koruyucu sembol, muska veya k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 nesne.\" tabindex=\"0\">apotropaik nesneler<\/span> aras\u0131nda kutsal da\u011fdan al\u0131nan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ta\u015flar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131, kaynak direklerine koruyucu form\u00fcllerin kaz\u0131nmas\u0131 ve e\u015fiklere at k\u0131l\u0131 demetlerinin as\u0131lmas\u0131 say\u0131labilir. Bu pratikler bug\u00fcn de Mo\u011folistan ve Tuva&#8217;da ya\u015fat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Yakut gelene\u011finden ilgi \u00e7ekici bir ayr\u0131nt\u0131: Kutsal bir yeri terk etmeden \u00f6nce o yerden \u00e7o\u011funlukla &#8220;<em>Bahyy bolokhtuun<\/em>&#8221; (&#8220;merhametli ol, beni serbest b\u0131rak&#8221;) s\u00f6zleriyle resmi olarak izin istenir. Manzaraya g\u00f6sterilen bu nezaket bi\u00e7imi, din fenomenolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan animistik g\u00f6rg\u00fc kurallar\u0131n\u0131n klasik bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Di\u011fer K\u00fclt\u00fcrlerdeki Paraleller<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yap\u0131sal olarak Roma&#8217;n\u0131n <em>genius loci<\/em>&#8216;siyle, Cermen toprak varl\u0131klar\u0131yla, Kelt <em>s\u00eddh<\/em> sakinleriyle; <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kami'nin y\u00fcceltilmesini esas alan Japonya'n\u0131n yerli dini.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shinto<\/span> gelene\u011findeki Japon <em>jinushigami<\/em>&#8216;siyle; Latin Amerika&#8217;da And <em>apus<\/em> ve <em>huacas<\/em>&#8216;lar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir. T\u00fcm bu \u00f6rneklerde ki\u015fisel mitler yerine safl\u0131k yasaklar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla onurland\u0131r\u0131lan, yere ba\u011fl\u0131 ve kolektif bir g\u00fc\u00e7le kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p><p>Tipolojik yak\u0131nl\u0131k, \u00f6zellikle \u00c7in&#8217;in yerel toprak tanr\u0131lar\u0131 sistemi olan <em>tudi gong<\/em> ile Tibet&#8217;in <em>sa-bdag<\/em> (&#8220;toprak beyleri&#8221;) kavram\u0131yla \u00e7ok belirgindir. Burada \u0130\u00e7 Asya i\u00e7indeki k\u00fclt\u00fcrel k\u00f6pr\u00fcler kendini g\u00f6stermektedir; ancak do\u011frudan tarihsel bir t\u00fcreti\u015f kesin olarak kan\u0131tlanamamaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Din fenomenolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Yer-Sub, Mircea Eliade&#8217;\u0131n <em>Le sacr\u00e9 et le profane<\/em> (1957) adl\u0131 eserinde &#8220;yerin hiyerofanisi&#8221; olarak betimledi\u011fi kavram\u0131 somutla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r: Belirli mek\u00e2nlar rit\u00fcel i\u015faretleme yoluyla kutsal merkeze d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr; burada ki\u015fisel bir tanr\u0131n\u0131n ikamet etmesi zorunlu de\u011fildir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Al\u0131mlanma ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mo\u011fol-Tuval\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f ya\u015fam\u0131nda Yer-Sub (<em>gazar usu<\/em> ya da <em>cher-sug<\/em> olarak), \u00e7evre eti\u011finin merkez\u00ee bir referans noktas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ekoloji odakl\u0131 bir\u00e7ok sivil toplum kurulu\u015fu, geleneksel ovoo kompleksini arg\u00fcman temeli olarak kullanmaktad\u0131r. Akademik ba\u015fvuru kaynaklar\u0131: Caroline Humphrey (<em>The Marxist Anthropology of Mongolia<\/em>, 1983; <em>Inside and Outside the Mongol Tent<\/em>, 2002), Roberte Hamayon, Sergei Neklyudov.<\/p><p>Ayr\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma kolu, Yer-Sub prati\u011fini Mo\u011folistan&#8217;daki madencilik ve su haklar\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131yla ili\u015fkilendirir: Yerli gruplar, b\u00fcy\u00fck projeleri engellemek i\u00e7in Yer-Sub mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n\u0131n din\u00ee dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u015fvurmaktad\u0131r. Bu siyasi boyutun Caroline Humphrey taraf\u0131ndan ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bilimsel a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p><p>Tuva&#8217;da 1990&#8217;dan bu yana \u015famanik uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bir <em>D\u00fcng\u00fcr<\/em> derne\u011fi kurulmu\u015f ve Yer-Sub rit\u00fcellerini kamusal d\u00fczeyde kodifiye etmi\u015ftir. Bilimsel a\u00e7\u0131dan bu kodifikasyon, \u00f6z\u00fcnde yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir prati\u011fin modern dernek yap\u0131lar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla &#8220;envanterle\u015ftirilmesinin&#8221; ilgin\u00e7 bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve A\u00e7\u0131k Sorular<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Temel tart\u0131\u015fmalardan biri, Yer-Sub&#8217;un <em>tekil<\/em> bir kavram m\u0131 yoksa bir <em>\u015femsiye kavram<\/em> m\u0131 oldu\u011fu sorusuna odaklan\u0131r. Talat Tekin ve Sergei Neklyudov b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik bir okumay\u0131 savunurken, daha yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar (\u00f6rne\u011fin B. Kellner-Heinkele) b\u00f6lgesel farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6steren ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirmeleri esas almaya meyillidir.<\/p><p>\u0130kinci a\u00e7\u0131k soru, Yer-Sub ile Mo\u011folistan&#8217;daki Budist yerel <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"D\u00fcnyada etki g\u00f6stermesi atfedilen bedensiz varl\u0131k.\" tabindex=\"0\">ruh<\/span> tasar\u0131m\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi ele al\u0131r: Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ovoo prati\u011finin ne kadar\u0131 Budizm \u00f6ncesine, ne kadar\u0131 Budist yeniden form\u00fclasyonuna aittir? Walther Heissig burada bir tabakalama \u00f6\u011fretisi \u00f6nermi\u015f; bu \u00f6neri daha yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda ele\u015ftirel bi\u00e7imde sorgulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Son olarak ve bu en \u00f6nemli pratik sorudur: Bug\u00fcn canl\u0131 olan Yer-Sub kompleksi, ekolojik hareketlerle ara\u00e7salla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n nas\u0131l ili\u015fki kurabilir? \u0130\u00e7 Mo\u011folistan&#8217;daki sivil toplum giri\u015fimi <em>Onggi River Movement<\/em> bu soruyu bizzat g\u00fcndemine almakta ve 2020&#8217;lerin din etnolojisi i\u00e7in bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma alan\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yer-Sub ve Modern \u00c7evre Tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yeni d\u00f6nem Tengricilik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n en \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 geli\u015fmelerinden biri, Yer-Sub&#8217;un \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f \u00e7evre hareketleri i\u00e7in bir referans noktas\u0131 olarak yeniden ke\u015ffedilmesidir. 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan Mo\u011fol sivil toplum giri\u015fimi <em>Onggi River Movement<\/em>, kutsal kaynaklar\u0131 ve nehir yataklar\u0131n\u0131 tahrip eden alt\u0131n madenlerine kar\u015f\u0131 protestolar d\u00fczenlemekte ve geleneksel Yer-Sub sayg\u0131s\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a at\u0131fta bulunmaktad\u0131r. Caroline Humphrey bu hareketi \u00e7e\u015fitli makalelerinde belgelemi\u015ftir.<\/p><p>Bilimsel a\u00e7\u0131dan bu geli\u015fme \u00e7ift anlaml\u0131d\u0131r. Bir yandan g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde &#8220;arkaik&#8221; bir din\u00ee kavram\u0131n canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermektedir; \u00f6te yandan din\u00ee i\u00e7eriklerin siyasi ama\u00e7larla se\u00e7ici bi\u00e7imde ara\u00e7salla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 tehlikesini bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. N\u00fcansl\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemede her iki boyut da g\u00f6zetilmelidir.<\/p><p>Tuva ve Sacha Cumhuriyeti&#8217;nde benzer hareketler g\u00f6zlemlenmekte; bu hareketler din etnolojisi ile siyasi ekoloji aras\u0131nda yeni bir kesi\u015fim noktas\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bron Taylor (<em>Dark Green Religion<\/em>, 2010) gibi din fenomenologlar\u0131 bu durumu &#8220;ye\u015fil din&#8221; olarak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemi\u015f ve Yer-Sub&#8217;u bu ba\u011flamda bir \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s10 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s10\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s10h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s10h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kaynaklar ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkeziyle Ba\u011flant\u0131<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s10c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s10c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s10t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s10t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yer-Sub kompleksini b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc bi\u00e7imde incelemek isteyenler, <a href=\"\/tr\/sibirisch-tengrismus\/\">Sibirya \/ Tengrist Gelenek<\/a> genel bak\u0131\u015f sayfas\u0131nda <a href=\"\/tr\/tengri\/\">Tengri<\/a>, <a href=\"\/tr\/umai\/\">Umai<\/a> (Tonyukuk \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc form\u00fcl\u00fcnde) ve yere ba\u011fl\u0131 ruh d\u00fcnyalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin en \u00f6nemli \u00e7apraz g\u00f6ndermeleri bulacakt\u0131r.<\/p><p>Talat Tekin&#8217;in <em>A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic<\/em> (1968) adl\u0131 eseri, eski T\u00fcrk\u00e7e katman i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli filolojik temel olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir. Caroline Humphrey&#8217;nin <em>Inside and Outside the Mongol Tent<\/em> (2002) ve <em>Marx Went Away, But Karl Stayed Behind<\/em> (Frank Pieke ile birlikte, 1998) adl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f etnografik derinli\u011fi sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Sergei Neklyudov&#8217;un <em>Mify narodov mira<\/em>, Cilt 2 (Moskova, 1992) adl\u0131 eseri, Yer-Sub kompleksine ili\u015fkin en yo\u011fun Rus\u00e7a standart \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 i\u00e7ermekte olup her ciddi kaynak\u00e7ada yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s11 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s11\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s11h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s11h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yere Ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n Din Fenomenolojisi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s11c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s11c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s11t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s11t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yer-Sub, Mircea Eliade&#8217;\u0131n <em>Le sacr\u00e9 et le profane<\/em> (1957) adl\u0131 eserinde &#8220;yerin hiyerofanisi&#8221; olarak i\u015fledi\u011fi &#8220;yere ba\u011fl\u0131 numin\u00f6sl\u00fck&#8221; kategorisini din fenomenolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan somutla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Evrensel y\u00fcce tanr\u0131lar\u0131n aksine bu numin\u00f6sl\u00fck bi\u00e7imi mek\u00e2na ba\u011fl\u0131 ve somuttur.<\/p><p>Bir yerin rit\u00fcel olarak i\u015faretlenmesi (ta\u015f y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131, kuma\u015f \u015feritler, ah\u015fap direkler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla), Van Gennep&#8217;in &#8220;peyzaj\u0131n kutsalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131&#8221; ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi \u015feyin klasik bir \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Yer-Sub burada yerde ikamet eden bir ki\u015fi de\u011fil, yeri olu\u015fturan g\u00fcc\u00fcn bizzat kendisidir; bu ayr\u0131m din fenomenolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p><p>Japon <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Japon \u015einto'sunda y\u00fcceltilen ruhani varl\u0131klar ve ilah\u00ee g\u00fc\u00e7ler.\" tabindex=\"0\">kami<\/span><\/em> kavram\u0131 ve Roma&#8217;n\u0131n <em>genius loci<\/em>&#8216;siyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, yere ba\u011fl\u0131 numin\u00f6sl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn d\u00fcnya genelinde yayg\u0131n bir kavram oldu\u011fu; ancak her gelenekte kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bi\u00e7imde dile getirildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Yer-Sub bu kavram\u0131n \u00f6zellikle yo\u011fun ve iyi belgelenmi\u015f bir de\u011fi\u015fkenidir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s12 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s12h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s12h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Y\u00f6ntemsel De\u011ferlendirme<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s12c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s12c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s12t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s12t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yer-Sub ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemsel sorunlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Birincisi: Kelimenin kendisi bir bile\u015fiktir ve eski T\u00fcrk\u00e7edeki tam dilbilgisel de\u011feri tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Talat Tekin&#8217;in &#8220;iki par\u00e7al\u0131 ad\u0131 olan tek bir g\u00fc\u00e7&#8221; \u015feklindeki tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla benimsenmi\u015f olmakla birlikte tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z de\u011fildir.<\/p><p>\u0130kincisi: Tonyukuk <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bir varl\u0131\u011fa veya ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131ya kaz\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ya da oyulmu\u015f metin.\" tabindex=\"0\">Yaz\u0131t\u0131<\/span>&#8216;ndaki Yer-Sub&#8217;un 19. ve 20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda etnografik olarak belgelenen da\u011f ve kaynak <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"D\u00fcnyada etki g\u00f6stermesi atfedilen bedensiz varl\u0131k.\" tabindex=\"0\">ruhu<\/span> d\u00fcnyas\u0131yla \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirilmesi bir hipotezdir; ara\u015ft\u0131rma bu konuda ihtiyatl\u0131 bir tutum benimsemi\u015ftir.<\/p><p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc: Yer-Sub&#8217;un g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ekolojik hareketler taraf\u0131ndan mobilize edilmesi, bilimsel a\u00e7\u0131dan olduk\u00e7a zorlu bir meseledir. Caroline Humphrey ve Bron Taylor burada \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar sunmu\u015f olmakla birlikte tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 kapatmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s13 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s13\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s13h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s13h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yer-Sub ve Mo\u011fol Naadam Festivali<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s13c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s13c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s13t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s13t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yer-Sub ile Mo\u011fol yaz festivali <em>Naadam<\/em> aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki \u00f6zel bir incelemeyi hak etmektedir. Her y\u0131l temmuz ay\u0131nda kutlanan Naadam&#8217;\u0131n k\u00f6kleri da\u011f ve kaynak tanr\u0131\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lmas\u0131na dayan\u0131r; bu nedenle tarihsel olarak Yer-Sub kompleksiyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><p>Naadam&#8217;\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 klasik &#8220;erkeklik oyunu&#8221; olan at yar\u0131\u015f\u0131, ok\u00e7uluk ve g\u00fcre\u015f, \u00f6z\u00fcnde da\u011f patronu ve Yer-Sub&#8217;un \u00f6n\u00fcnde kabile g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn rit\u00fcel bi\u00e7imde sergilenmesiydi. Christopher Atwood bu rit\u00fcel temeli <em>Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire<\/em> (2004) adl\u0131 eserinde ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde aktarm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Mo\u011folistan&#8217;\u0131nda Naadam, hem devlet-laik hem de din\u00ee-geleneksel i\u00e7erikle y\u00fckl\u00fc ulusal bir b\u00fcy\u00fck bayrama d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Festival ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndaki ovoo rit\u00fcelleri Yer-Sub katman\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131lmaya devam etmektedir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s14 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s14\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s14h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s14h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yer-Sub ve Arkeolojik Bulgular<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s14c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s14c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s14t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s14t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yer-Sub&#8217;a ili\u015fkin arkeolojik bulgular s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmakla birlikte ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00fcney Sibirya yaylalar\u0131nda (Tuva, Altay) \u0130skit ve Hun d\u00f6neminden kalma <em>kurgan<\/em> h\u00f6y\u00fckleri ile ayakta duran ta\u015f dikitler &#8220;kutsal mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n&#8221; rit\u00fcel i\u015faretlemesi olarak okunmaktad\u0131r. Bu i\u015faretlemelerin sonraki Yer-Sub kavram\u0131yla \u00f6zde\u015f olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesin olarak kan\u0131tlanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>\u00d6zellikle \u00f6nemli bir arkeolojik malzeme, kral mezarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne s\u0131ralar halinde dikilen K\u00f6kt\u00fcrk d\u00f6nemine ait <em>balbal<\/em> ta\u015f dikitleridir. Sergei Klyashtorny, <em>Drevnetjurkskie pis&#8217;mennye pamjatniki<\/em> (1964) adl\u0131 eserinde bu dikitlerin din\u00ee i\u00e7eri\u011fini tart\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>Bir arac\u0131 tez, arkeolojik ta\u015f dikitleri ile Sacha halk\u0131n\u0131n etnografik olarak belgelenen <em>serge<\/em> direklerini birbirine ba\u011flar: Her ikisi de mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n kesintili bir Yer-Sub i\u015faretlemesinin yans\u0131mas\u0131 olabilir; iki biny\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fan uzun s\u00fcreklilikler ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlerle birlikte.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp21aa3e2d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp21aa3e2d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2524783c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2524783c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yer-Sub \u0130kili Kavram Olarak: Tengricilikte Toprak ve Su<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp274b5427 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp274b5427\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2c867c66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2c867c66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00fcrk dillerinde s\u00f6zc\u00fck anlam\u0131yla Toprak-Su olan <em>Yer-Sub<\/em> ad\u0131, net s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 \u00e7izilmi\u015f tek bir <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bir din i\u00e7inde tanr\u0131sal olarak y\u00fcceltilen varl\u0131k.\" tabindex=\"0\">tanr\u0131y\u0131<\/span> de\u011fil, bir \u015femsiye kavram\u0131 belirtir: Da\u011flar\u0131, nehirleri, kaynaklar\u0131 ve ormanlar\u0131yla orta d\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc, canl\u0131 ve sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesi gereken bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak kavrar.<\/p><p>Bir T\u00fcrk dilindeki en eski kapsaml\u0131 metinler olan 8. y\u00fczy\u0131la ait Orhon Yaz\u0131tlar\u0131, <em>yer sub<\/em>&#8216;u halk \u00fczerindeki kaderi g\u00f6zeten bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6k tanr\u0131 <em>Tengri<\/em>&#8216;nin yan\u0131nda anar.<\/p><p>Bu erken d\u00f6nem tan\u0131kl\u0131k \u00f6nemlidir; zira s\u00f6z konusu tasar\u0131m\u0131n ge\u00e7 bir etnografik yap\u0131nt\u0131 de\u011fil, yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f eski bir inan\u00e7 oldu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Orhon Yaz\u0131tlar\u0131&#8217;nda <em>yer sub<\/em>, halk tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde devreye giren g\u00fc\u00e7ler olarak <em>Tengri<\/em> ile birlikte an\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p><p>Bununla birlikte kesin teolojik konum a\u00e7\u0131k kalmaktad\u0131r: <em>Yer-Sub<\/em>&#8216;un tek bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak m\u0131, yerel ruhlar\u0131n \u00e7oklu\u011fu olarak m\u0131 yoksa her ikisi birden olarak m\u0131 tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131, k\u0131sa yaz\u0131t metinlerinden kesin bi\u00e7imde belirlenememektedir.<\/p><p>G\u00fcney Sibirya T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131n\u0131n, ba\u015fta Altayl\u0131lar ve Hakasl\u0131lar\u0131n, sonraki etnografik olarak belgelenmi\u015f geleneklerinde <em>Yer-Sub<\/em> \u00e7o\u011funlukla \u00e7o\u011ful bi\u00e7imde, yolcular\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck adaklar sundu\u011fu belirli da\u011flar\u0131n, nehirlerin ve ge\u00e7itlerin beyleri olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p><p>Burada pek \u00e7ok tengrist kavramda g\u00f6r\u00fclen birlik ile \u00e7o\u011fulluk aras\u0131ndaki ayn\u0131 sal\u0131n\u0131m kendini g\u00f6stermektedir. Altay diniyle ilgili ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar bunu, yerel olan\u0131 ve kapsaml\u0131 olan\u0131 birbirinden kat\u0131 bi\u00e7imde ay\u0131rmayan bir dindarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ifadesi olarak yorumlar. \u0130lgili tasar\u0131mlar <a href=\"\/tr\/buga-tungus\/\">Buga<\/a> maddesinde ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literat\u00fcr (Se\u00e7me)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Talat Tekin: <em>A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic<\/em> (1968)<\/li><li>Caroline Humphrey: <em>Inside and Outside the Mongol Tent<\/em> (2002)<\/li><li>Jean-Paul Roux: <em>La religion des Turcs et des Mongols<\/em> (1984)<\/li><li>Wilhelm Radloff: <em>Aus Sibirien<\/em> (1893)<\/li><li>Roberte Hamayon: <em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em> (1990)<\/li><li>Sergei Neklyudov: <em>Mify narodov mira<\/em>, Cilt 2 (Moskova 1992)<\/li><li>Vladimir Basilov: <em>Shamanism in Siberia<\/em> (1984)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-yersub e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-yersub\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-yersub-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-yersub-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sekizinci y\u00fczy\u0131la ait Orhon Yaz\u0131tlar\u0131&#8217;n\u0131n eski <em>T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/em> <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tanr\u0131lar, k\u00f6kenler ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00fczeni hakk\u0131nda ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131lan anlat\u0131.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitosu<\/span><\/em>, Yer-Sub&#8217;u h\u00fck\u00fcmdar ve halk\u0131n refah\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6k tanr\u0131 Tengri&#8217;nin yan\u0131nda g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alan toprak ve suyun kutsal ikili g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak anar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>\u0130lgili anahtar kavramlar: Yer-Sub Orhon Bilge Ka\u011fan obo ovoo gazar usu Et\u00fcgen Eke.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-yer-sub\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard ve Koruma Gelenekleri<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard, ta\u015f\u0131nabilir koruyucu nesnelerin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel-tarihsel gelene\u011fine, <a href=\"\/tr\/sibirisch-tengrismus\/\">Sibirya \/ Tengricilik<\/a> gelene\u011fine ve d\u00fcnya genelindeki pek \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcre ba\u011flanmaktad\u0131r. 41 katman, alt\u0131n saf, platin, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, Almanya&#8217;da \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. 30 g\u00fcn iade hakk\u0131.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=wesen-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">iWell Guard hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">iWell Guard hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Ki\u015fisel deneyimler farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilir. T\u0131bbi \u00fcr\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k vaadi i\u00e7ermez.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard <strong>t\u0131bbi bir \u00fcr\u00fcn de\u011fildir<\/strong> ve t\u0131bbi ya da psikoterap\u00f6tik tedavinin yerini tutmaz. Din bilimleri kapsam\u0131ndaki i\u00e7erikler k\u00fclt\u00fcrel-tarihsel bir s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmad\u0131r; manevi uygulama tavsiyesi niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maz.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yer-Sub, Eski T\u00fcrk kutsal topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n toprak ve su g\u00fcc\u00fc Yer-Sub (eski T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Yer-Sub, &#8220;Toprak-Su&#8221;), eski T\u00fcrk ve Sibirya-tengrist din sisteminde kutsal topra\u011f\u0131n ve kutsal sular\u0131n bir araya gelen numin\u00f6z g\u00fcc\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yukar\u0131daki Tengri ve aradaki Umai ile birlikte kozmolojik bir \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olu\u015fturur. T\u00fcrk ve Sibirya-tengrist kaynaklar, Yer-Sub&#8217;u kutsal topra\u011f\u0131n toprak ve su g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak betimlemektedir. Do\u011fa [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2856,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Yer-Sub Toprak Su Tengricilik","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Yer-Sub - T\u00fcrk Toprak-Su G\u00fcc\u00fc, Mitoloji ve Kaynaklar","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Yer-Sub, eski T\u00fcrk-tengrist inanc\u0131nda toprak ve suyun kutsal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ifade eder. 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