{"id":72568,"date":"2026-08-01T21:58:06","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T21:58:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/buga-evenklerin-tunguzlar-yuece-tanrisi\/"},"modified":"2026-08-01T21:58:28","modified_gmt":"2026-08-01T21:58:28","slug":"buga","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/tr\/buga\/","title":{"rendered":"Buga &#8211; Evenkler&#8217;in (Tunguzlar) Y\u00fcce Tanr\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"72568\" class=\"elementor elementor-72568 elementor-2642\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga, Evenk-Tunguzlar\u0131n Y\u00fcce Tanr\u0131s\u0131 ve Evren Efendisi<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buga, Evenkler ve di\u011fer Tunguz halklar\u0131n\u0131n din\u00ee sisteminde ayn\u0131 anda y\u00fcce tanr\u0131, g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc, evren ve d\u00fcnya olarak yer al\u0131r. O, \u015faman yolculuklar\u0131n\u0131n, av d\u00fczeninin ve ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yerini buldu\u011fu kozmik b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Evenklerin ve di\u011fer Tunguz halklar\u0131n\u0131n mitolojisinde Buga; g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc, evren ve d\u00fcnyay\u0131 tek bir varl\u0131kta birle\u015ftirir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Sibirya \/ Tengrizm gelene\u011finin Yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131.\">Yarat\u0131c\u0131<\/span><a href=\"\/tr\/sibirya-samanizmi\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Sibirya \/ Tengrizm gelene\u011finin mitolojisi.\">Sibirya \/ Tengrizm<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Y\u00fcce tanr\u0131sall\u0131k.\">Y\u00fcce Tanr\u0131<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Bu sayfada ba\\u015fl\\u0131k bulunamad\\u0131.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0130\u00e7indekiler\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-bugatungus-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-bugatungus-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-bugatungus-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_buga-tungus-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2862\" alt=\"Buga Tungus - G\u00f6tter aus der Sibirisch-tengrismus-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_buga-tungus-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_buga-tungus-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_buga-tungus-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_buga-tungus.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-sec-iwgcomp-buga-tungus elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"sec-iwgcomp-buga-tungus\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-col-iwgcomp-buga-tungus\" data-id=\"col-iwgcomp-buga-tungus\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcomp-buga-tungus elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcomp-buga-tungus\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buga, <strong>Tunguz-Evenk<\/strong> halklar\u0131n\u0131n <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uzmanlar\u0131n ruhlar d\u00fcnyas\u0131yla ileti\u015fim kurdu\u011fu din\u00ee sistem.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015famanizm<\/span>inde \u00fcst d\u00fcnyan\u0131n y\u00fcce tanr\u0131s\u0131 ve kozmik d\u00fczenin kurucusu olarak kabul edilir. Buga <strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tanr\u0131lar, k\u00f6kenler ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00fczeni hakk\u0131nda ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131lan anlat\u0131.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitolojisi<\/span><\/strong> ve kaynaklar\u0131 \u00f6zellikle Evenk t\u00fcrk\u00fclerinde kapsaml\u0131 bi\u00e7imde belgelenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma ve K\u0131sa Profil<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Evenk halk\u0131 (eskiden Tunguzlar olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131), Yenisey ile Pasifik aras\u0131nda Do\u011fu Sibirya&#8217;da ya\u015famaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Onlar\u0131n dininde Buga (baz\u0131 leh\u00e7elerde <em>Boga<\/em>, <em>Buya<\/em>, <em>Buwa<\/em>), ayn\u0131 anda &#8220;g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc&#8221;, &#8220;d\u00fcnya&#8221;, &#8220;evren&#8221; ve &#8220;y\u00fcce tanr\u0131&#8221; anlamlar\u0131na gelen bir kavramd\u0131r; bu dikkat \u00e7ekici dilbilimsel yo\u011funla\u015fmay\u0131 \u0130ranc\u0131 din tarih\u00e7isi Sergei Shirokogoroff, klasik eseri <em>Psychomental Complex of the Tungus<\/em>&#8216;ta (1935) ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemi\u015ftir.<\/p><p><a href=\"\/tr\/sibirya-samanizmi\/\">Sibirya-Tengrizm gelene\u011fi<\/a> i\u00e7inde Buga \u00e7ok eski, b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla Altay-paleosibirya k\u00f6kenli bir katman\u0131 temsil eder; baz\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar (Anisimov) onu en \u00f6zg\u00fcn bi\u00e7im olarak de\u011ferlendirmektedir. Evenklerin Tunguz-Man\u00e7u dil ailesine mensup olmas\u0131, onlar\u0131 dilbilimsel a\u00e7\u0131dan T\u00fcrk-Mo\u011fol Tengri d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na konumland\u0131r\u0131r; bu durum ilgin\u00e7 bir s\u0131n\u0131r vakas\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Buga, din bilimleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle de\u011ferlidir; zira Sergei Shirokogoroff 1910&#8217;lu y\u0131llarda Amur Evekleri aras\u0131nda ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir alan ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Eseri, \u015famanizm ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olup Sibirya&#8217;n\u0131n yerli bir halk\u0131n\u0131n dinine ili\u015fkin en iyi kaynak koleksiyonlar\u0131ndan birini sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ad ve Etimoloji<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Buga<\/em> s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Tunguzca k\u00f6kenlidir ve etimolojisi kesin olarak ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imler Man\u00e7uca&#8217;da (<em>bo\u03b3o<\/em>, &#8220;d\u00fcnya&#8221;) ve Even dilinin baz\u0131 leh\u00e7elerinde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p><p>Din tarihsel a\u00e7\u0131dan belirleyici g\u00f6zlem, s\u00f6zc\u00fck ile nesnesinin \u00f6zde\u015fli\u011fidir: Buga g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde ya\u015fayan bir varl\u0131k de\u011fil, bizzat g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn kendisidir ve ayn\u0131 zamanda d\u00fcnyad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Bu anlamsal yo\u011funla\u015fma, din fenomenolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle ilgi \u00e7ekicidir; zira numin\u00f6z ile somutun hen\u00fcz birbirinden ayr\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir a\u015famay\u0131 temsil etmekte, sonradan &#8220;y\u00fcce tanr\u0131&#8221; olarak kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak olan\u0131n bir \u00f6n bi\u00e7imini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Shirokogoroff bu ba\u011flamda &#8220;psikozihniyet kayna\u015fmas\u0131&#8221; ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u00fc bir kuram geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p><p>Evenk\u00e7eyle dilbilimsel akrabal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan Man\u00e7u gelene\u011finde <em>bo\u011fo<\/em>, sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde y\u00fcce tanr\u0131sal \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yitirerek &#8220;d\u00fcnya&#8221; i\u00e7in uzmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir terim olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu uzmanla\u015fma, Man\u00e7ular\u0131n Qing Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde Budizm&#8217;le tan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tasvir ve \u0130konografi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"\/tr\/tengri\/\">Tengri<\/a> gibi Buga&#8217;n\u0131n da kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc bir g\u00f6rsel bi\u00e7imi yoktur. Ancak Evenk \u015faman davullar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00fcnya katman\u0131n\u0131 (\u00fcst, orta, alt) ve bu katmanlar boyunca uzanan bir d\u00fcnya a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131 betimler; \u00fcst katmanda Buga kimi zaman \u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00e7emberiyle simgesel bir g\u00fcne\u015f olarak yer al\u0131r.<\/p><p>Rusya Etnografya M\u00fczesi (St. Petersburg) ve Antropoloji ve Etnografya M\u00fczesi (MAE) koleksiyonlar\u0131ndaki Evenk \u015faman k\u0131yafetleri son derece i\u015flemeli demir tak\u0131lar i\u00e7ermektedir; bunlar\u0131n din\u00ee anlam\u0131 Shirokogoroff taraf\u0131ndan temel yap\u0131t\u0131nda belgelenmi\u015ftir. Buga&#8217;n\u0131n kendisi k\u0131yafetler \u00fczerinde do\u011frudan tasvir edilmemekle birlikte, en \u00fcstteki g\u00fcne\u015f diski <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sanatta veya anlat\u0131da yinelenen i\u00e7erik unsuru.\" tabindex=\"0\">motifi<\/span> arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla temsil edilmektedir.<\/p><p>Evenkler&#8217;in d\u00fcnya a\u011fac\u0131 tasar\u0131m\u0131, Vedik <em>a\u015bvattha<\/em> tasar\u0131m\u0131 ve Kuzey Germen Yggdrasil&#8217;iyle tipolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir niteliktedir; Eliade bu benzerli\u011fi evrensel bir &#8220;Axis Mundi&#8221; deneyimine i\u015faret olarak yorumlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mitolojik Anlat\u0131lar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Anisimov (1958), Buga&#8217;n\u0131n ilk okyanustan \u00e7amur getirmesi i\u00e7in bir \u00f6rdekten yard\u0131m isteyerek yerk\u00fcreyi yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir Evenk yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f anlat\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 belgelemi\u015ftir; bu, <a href=\"\/tr\/uelgen\/\">\u00dclgen<\/a>&#8216;de de kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan klasik bir Sibirya dal\u0131\u015f <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sanatta veya anlat\u0131da yinelenen i\u00e7erik unsuru.\" tabindex=\"0\">motifi<\/span>dir.<\/p><p>Evenk varyantlar\u0131nda rakip ya da karde\u015f olarak s\u0131kl\u0131kla bir zarar tanr\u0131s\u0131 (<em>Khargi<\/em>) belirir; bu i\u015flev <a href=\"\/tr\/erlik-khan\/\">Erlik Han<\/a>&#8216;\u0131n i\u015fleviyle \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmektedir.<\/p><p>\u0130kinci bir anlat\u0131, Buga&#8217;n\u0131n ilk \u015famanlar\u0131 nas\u0131l g\u00f6nderdi\u011fini aktar\u0131r: Bir insan\u0131 &#8220;yararak&#8221; bir yar\u0131ya \u00f6te d\u00fcnyay\u0131 g\u00f6rme yetisini yerle\u015ftirir. Bu yar\u0131lma anlat\u0131s\u0131, din antropolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Evenk \u015famanlar\u0131n\u0131n erginlenme prati\u011fine ili\u015fkin temel bir <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tanr\u0131lar, k\u00f6kenler ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00fczeni hakk\u0131nda ku\u015faktan ku\u015fa\u011fa aktar\u0131lan anlat\u0131.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span>tir.<\/p><p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir anlat\u0131, Buga&#8217;n\u0131n d\u00fcnya a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l dikti\u011fini anlat\u0131r: K\u00f6kleri Khargi ruhlar\u0131n\u0131n alt d\u00fcnyas\u0131na uzanan ve tac\u0131nda g\u00fcne\u015f \u00e7ark\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan devasa bir kara\u00e7am g\u00f6vdesidir bu a\u011fa\u00e7. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0130nsanlar ile ruhlar d\u00fcnyas\u0131 aras\u0131nda arac\u0131l\u0131k etmesi atfedilen din\u00ee uzman.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015eaman<\/span>, \u00e7o\u011funlukla bir at-davul simgesinin yard\u0131m\u0131yla bu a\u011faca binerek \u00fcst d\u00fcnyaya yolculuk eder.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">K\u00fclt ve Tap\u0131nma<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Evenklerin tap\u0131nak k\u00fclt\u00fc yoktur; bunun yerine s\u00fcrekli bir yakarma prati\u011fi s\u00f6z konusudur: Avdan \u00f6nce, uzun yolculuktan \u00f6nce ve ate\u015f ba\u015f\u0131nda Buga&#8217;n\u0131n ad\u0131 an\u0131l\u0131r; bu s\u0131rada ate\u015fe biraz t\u00fct\u00fcn ya da ya\u011f at\u0131l\u0131r. \u015eamanlar t\u00fcrk\u00fclerinde Buga ile \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00fcnya katman\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131 canl\u0131 tutarlar; Eliade bu uygulamay\u0131 klasik <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uzmanlar\u0131n ruhlar d\u00fcnyas\u0131yla ileti\u015fim kurdu\u011fu din\u00ee sistem.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015famanizm<\/span>in \u00f6rnek vakas\u0131 olarak betimlemi\u015ftir.<\/p><p>Evenk \u015faman bilgisi geleneksel olarak s\u00f6zl\u00fc bi\u00e7imde, \u00e7o\u011funlukla anneden k\u0131za ya da babadan o\u011fula aktar\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. 1930&#8217;lar\u0131n Sovyet bask\u0131s\u0131 bu zincirleri b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kopard\u0131; G. M. Vasilevich, <em>Ewenki<\/em> (1969) adl\u0131 eserinde son uygulay\u0131c\u0131lardan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 belgeleyebildi.<\/p><p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz prati\u011finde Buga kompleksi, Evenkiya \u00d6zerk B\u00f6lgesi&#8217;nde ve Saha Cumhuriyeti&#8217;nin baz\u0131 yerle\u015fim yerlerinde bir yeniden do\u011fu\u015f ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Gen\u00e7 uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar Shirokogoroff&#8217;un kay\u0131tlar\u0131na ba\u015fvurmaktad\u0131r; bu, Bat\u0131l\u0131 akademik etnografyan\u0131n yerli bir din\u00ee yeniden in\u015fan\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc dikkat \u00e7ekici bir \u00f6rnek olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Koruma Prati\u011fi ve Apotropaik Uygulamalar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bilimsel tan\u0131mlama: Apotropaik uygulamalar \u00f6ncelikle <em>Khargi<\/em> zarar ruhlar\u0131n\u0131 hedef al\u0131rd\u0131 (bu ruhlar Buga&#8217;n\u0131n karanl\u0131k y\u00fcz\u00fc olarak kavrand\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7o\u011funlukla &#8220;Buga-Tunguz zarar\u0131&#8221; olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131): Belirli otlar\u0131n ate\u015fte yak\u0131lmas\u0131, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kemik kolye u\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ve yol kav\u015faklar\u0131na oymac\u0131l\u0131kla yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f &#8220;bek\u00e7i fig\u00fcrlerinin&#8221; (<em>seven<\/em>) yerle\u015ftirilmesi bunlar aras\u0131nda say\u0131labilir.<\/p><p><em>Seven<\/em> fig\u00fcrleri Evenk maddi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn en karakteristik unsurlar\u0131ndan biridir. Bunlar \u00e7o\u011funlukla i\u00e7ine g\u00f6zler oyulmu\u015f k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ah\u015fap oyma bebeklerdir; destek direklere, a\u011fa\u00e7lara ya da e\u015fiklere tutturulurdu. \u015eaman\u0131n ad\u0131na hareket eden k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yard\u0131mc\u0131 ruhlar\u0131n &#8220;konutu&#8221; olarak kabul edilirlerdi.<\/p><p>\u00d6zel bir uygulama ise <em>chura<\/em> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Din\u00ee veya k\u00fclt\u00fcrel anlam ta\u015f\u0131yan, kurallara ba\u011fl\u0131 sembolik eylemler dizisi.\" tabindex=\"0\">rit\u00fceli<\/span>dir: Bilinmeyen bir yere girilmeden \u00f6nce kara ya da topra\u011fa bir avu\u00e7 t\u00fct\u00fcn veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir madeni para at\u0131l\u0131r; buna e\u015flik eden <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bir tanr\u0131ya veya g\u00fcce yalvararak ya da yalvar\u0131rcas\u0131na y\u00f6nelme.\" tabindex=\"0\">yakarma<\/span> \u015f\u00f6yledir: &#8220;Buga, beni k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131l.&#8221; Evrene g\u00f6sterilen bu nezaket bi\u00e7imi, klasik bir animist \u015femad\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Di\u011fer K\u00fclt\u00fcrlerdeki Paraleller<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buga tasar\u0131m\u0131, Samoyedlerin eski Sibirya <em>Num<\/em>&#8216;uyla akraba olup \u00c7in <em>Tian<\/em>&#8216;\u0131yla tipolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir niteliktedir; her iki durumda da g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc ile y\u00fcce tanr\u0131sall\u0131k tek bir kavramda kayna\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Genetik bir ba\u011f olmaks\u0131z\u0131n Polinezya kavramlar\u0131 <em>Mana<\/em>\/<em>Atua<\/em> ile i\u015flevsel benzerlikler de g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Evenkler&#8217;e \u00f6zg\u00fc as\u0131l \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fck, &#8220;evren&#8221; ile &#8220;y\u00fcce tanr\u0131&#8221;n\u0131n tek bir s\u00f6zc\u00fckte kayna\u015fmas\u0131d\u0131r; bu durum Tengri s\u00f6z varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok anlaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bile a\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Din fenomenolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Buga, numin\u00f6z-somut kayna\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n u\u00e7 bir \u00f6rne\u011fini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>G\u00fcney Sibirya kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda Buga, <a href=\"\/tr\/uelgen\/\">\u00dclgen<\/a>&#8216;den ziyade <a href=\"\/tr\/tengri\/\">Tengri<\/a> ile en yak\u0131n benzerli\u011fi g\u00f6sterir; zira \u00dclgen zaten daha ki\u015fisel bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu fark, katman-kronolojik bir hipoteze olanak tan\u0131r: Buga belki de daha eski bir katman\u0131 temsil etmektedir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Al\u0131mlama ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Klasik yap\u0131tlar: Sergei Shirokogoroff: <em>Psychomental Complex of the Tungus<\/em> (1935); A. F. Anisimov: <em>Religia ewenkov<\/em> (1958); Mircea Eliade, Tunguz \u015faman\u0131n\u0131 &#8220;klasik <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uzmanlar\u0131n ruhlar d\u00fcnyas\u0131yla ileti\u015fim kurdu\u011fu din\u00ee sistem.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015famanizm<\/span>&#8221; modelinin prototipi olarak de\u011ferlendirmi\u015ftir. Roberte Hamayon ve Andrei Znamenski bu modeli sonradan ele\u015ftirel bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmi\u015f; yerel Evenk kategorilerinin daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bi\u00e7imde dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p><p>Sovyet ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131 G. M. Vasilevich, <em>Ewenki<\/em> (Leningrad 1969) adl\u0131 eserinde Evenk dinine ili\u015fkin en kapsaml\u0131 Sovyet monografisini ortaya koymu\u015ftur. \u0130deolojik tonuna kar\u015f\u0131n bu eser vazge\u00e7ilmez bir kaynak koleksiyonu olmaya devam etmektedir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve A\u00e7\u0131k Sorular<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buga tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 bi\u00e7imlendiren \u00fc\u00e7 ara\u015ft\u0131rma sorusu vard\u0131r. Birincisi: Buga, &#8220;evren&#8221; ile &#8220;y\u00fcce tanr\u0131&#8221;n\u0131n hen\u00fcz birbirinden ayr\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tengrizm \u00f6ncesi bir katman\u0131 m\u0131 temsil etmektedir? Anisimov ve Shirokogoroff bu okumay\u0131 savunurken sonraki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar (Hamayon) modele daha g\u00f6receli bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 tercih etmektedir.<\/p><p>\u0130kincisi: Evenk prati\u011finin, baz\u0131 Evenklerin Kuzey Amerikal\u0131 Athabaskalarla akrabal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcren Dene-Yenisey dil ailesi hipoteziyle ili\u015fkisi nedir? Bu hipotez do\u011fruysa Buga dininin sirkumpolar kollar sergilemesi gerekir.<\/p><p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc: Yo\u011fun madencilik ve petrol arama bask\u0131s\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Evenkiya b\u00f6lgesindeki g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Buga r\u00f6nesans\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fi ne olacakt\u0131r? Bu noktada din tarihi, ekolojik ve siyasi g\u00fcncellikle i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mektedir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga ve Shirokogoroff'un \u00d6nc\u00fc Rol\u00fc<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buga ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda Sergei Shirokogoroff&#8217;un rol\u00fc ayr\u0131ca derinlemesine ele almay\u0131 hak etmektedir. Shirokogoroff (d. 1887, \u00f6. 1939), Ekim Devrimi&#8217;nin ard\u0131ndan s\u00fcrg\u00fcne giden ve 1922&#8217;den itibaren \u00c7in&#8217;de ders veren bir Rus etnografyd\u0131.<\/p><p>Ana yap\u0131t\u0131 <em>Psychomental Complex of the Tungus<\/em> (\u015eangay 1935), Bat\u0131l\u0131 olmayan bir din\u00ee sistemi uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n i\u00e7 perspektifinden sistematik bi\u00e7imde yeniden kuran ilk kitaplardan biridir.<\/p><p>Shirokogoroff, &#8220;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uzmanlar\u0131n ruhlar d\u00fcnyas\u0131yla ileti\u015fim kurdu\u011fu din\u00ee sistem.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015famanizm<\/span>&#8221; terimini Tunguzca <em>\u0161aman<\/em> s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden hareketle bilimsel bir kavram olarak bi\u00e7imlendirmi\u015ftir. Bu kavramla\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n bilim tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur: Yerel-Tunguz bir terimi evrensel bir kategoriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Andrei Znamenski, <em>Shamanism and Western Imagination<\/em> (2007) adl\u0131 eserinde bu evrenselle\u015ftirmeyi ele\u015ftirel bir bak\u0131\u015fla izlemi\u015ftir.<\/p><p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Buga ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 Shirokogoroff ile ikircikli bir ili\u015fki i\u00e7indedir: Bir yandan malzemesi vazge\u00e7ilmezdir, \u00f6te yandan &#8220;psikozihniyet kayna\u015fmas\u0131&#8221; kavram\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131nda, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f din etnolojisinin ele\u015ftirel sorgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zc\u00fc bir varsay\u0131m yatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s10 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s10\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s10h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s10h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kaynaklar ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkezi ile \u0130li\u015fki<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s10c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s10c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s10t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s10t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buga kompleksini t\u00fcm geni\u015fli\u011fiyle incelemek isteyenler, <a href=\"\/tr\/sibirya-samanizmi\/\">Sibirya-Tengrizm Gelene\u011fi<\/a> genel bak\u0131\u015f sayfas\u0131nda <a href=\"\/tr\/tengri\/\">Tengri<\/a> (T\u00fcrk paraleli) ve Yakut <em>aiyy<\/em> \u0131\u015f\u0131k varl\u0131klar\u0131 gibi ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 fig\u00fcrlere y\u00f6nlendiren en \u00f6nemli \u00e7apraz referanslar\u0131 bulacakt\u0131r.<\/p><p>Sergei Shirokogoroff&#8217;un <em>Psychomental Complex of the Tungus<\/em>&#8216;u (1935) en \u00f6nemli birincil kaynakt\u0131r. A. F. Anisimov&#8217;un <em>Religia ewenkov<\/em>&#8216;u (Moskova 1958) en \u00f6nemli Sovyet sentezidir. G. M. Vasilevich&#8217;in <em>Ewenki<\/em>&#8216;si (Leningrad 1969) kapsaml\u0131 malzemeyle tabloya katk\u0131da bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Sirkumpolar ba\u011flam i\u00e7in Roberte Hamayon&#8217;un <em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em>&#8216;\u0131na (1990) ve Andrei Znamenski&#8217;nin <em>Shamanism and Western Imagination<\/em>&#8216;\u0131na (Oxford 2007) ba\u015fvurulabilir. Bu iki yap\u0131t, klasik Eliade modelinin en \u00f6nemli d\u00fczeltmeleridir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s11 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s11\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s11h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s11h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga ve \u015eaman Erginlemesi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s11c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s11c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s11t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s11t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buga&#8217;n\u0131n Evenk \u015faman <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Birinin yeni bir konuma veya toplulu\u011fa kabul edildi\u011fi rit\u00fcel ge\u00e7i\u015f.\" tabindex=\"0\">erginlemesi<\/span>ndeki rol\u00fc ayr\u0131 bir incelemeyi hak etmektedir. Shirokogoroff, <em>Psychomental Complex of the Tungus<\/em>&#8216;ta (1935) bir\u00e7ok erginlemeyi ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde betimlemi\u015ftir: Aday <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0130nsanlar ile ruhlar d\u00fcnyas\u0131 aras\u0131nda arac\u0131l\u0131k etmesi atfedilen din\u00ee uzman.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015faman<\/span>, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Birinin yeni bir konuma veya toplulu\u011fa kabul edildi\u011fi rit\u00fcel ge\u00e7i\u015f.\" tabindex=\"0\">erginleme<\/span> olarak yorumlanan a\u011f\u0131r bir &#8220;\u015faman hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131&#8221; evresinden ge\u00e7er; Eliade bu klasik modeli &#8220;erginleme \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve dirili\u015f&#8221; olarak genelle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p><p>Buga, bu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Birinin yeni bir konuma veya toplulu\u011fa kabul edildi\u011fi rit\u00fcel ge\u00e7i\u015f.\" tabindex=\"0\">erginleme<\/span>de \u00fcst d\u00fczey g\u00f6revlendirici olarak yer al\u0131r: Erginleme hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6nderen odur; aday\u0131 &#8220;yaran&#8221; odur; \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00fcnya katman\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki yolculu\u011fu ona \u00f6\u011freten yine odur. Bu i\u015flev, din antropolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sirkumpolar erginleme ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine in\u015fa edildi\u011fi model olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Roberte Hamayon bu modeli <em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em>&#8216;da (1990) ele\u015ftirel bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir: Evenk <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Birinin yeni bir konuma veya toplulu\u011fa kabul edildi\u011fi rit\u00fcel ge\u00e7i\u015f.\" tabindex=\"0\">erginlemesi<\/span>ni &#8220;mistik deneyim&#8221; olarak de\u011fil, sosyo-ekonomik bir m\u00fczakere prati\u011fi olarak okumaktad\u0131r. Her iki okuma da ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini korumakta ve birbirini tamamlamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s12 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s12h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s12h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Y\u00f6ntemsel De\u011ferlendirme<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s12c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s12c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s12t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s12t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buga ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda birka\u00e7 y\u00f6ntemsel sorun ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Birincisi: Shirokogoroff&#8217;un \u00f6nc\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 y\u00f6ntemsel a\u00e7\u0131dan etkileyicidir; ancak s\u00fcrg\u00fcn stat\u00fcs\u00fc ve kuramsal \u00f6n kabullerinden izler ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Andrei Znamenski bu \u00f6n kabulleri ele\u015ftirel bi\u00e7imde izlemi\u015ftir.<\/p><p>\u0130kincisi: 1930&#8217;lar\u0131n Sovyet bask\u0131s\u0131 Evenk \u015faman gelene\u011fine a\u011f\u0131r zarar vermi\u015ftir; bug\u00fcn g\u00f6zlemledi\u011fimiz, etnografik metinler temelinde bir yeniden in\u015fad\u0131r. Bu yeniden in\u015fa, din sosyolojisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bi\u00e7imde ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131 gerektirmektedir.<\/p><p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc: Evenk\u00e7e bug\u00fcn tehlike alt\u0131ndad\u0131r; onunla birlikte Buga s\u00f6z varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve Evenk dinin ince ayr\u0131mlar\u0131na do\u011frudan eri\u015fim de yok olmaktad\u0131r. Dil ve din koruma politikalar\u0131 bu noktada karde\u015f sorunlar haline gelmektedir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s13 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s13\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s13h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s13h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga ve Evenk\u00e7enin Korunmas\u0131<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s13c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s13c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s13t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s13t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Evenk\u00e7e, UNESCO s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re &#8220;tehlike alt\u0131nda&#8221; kabul edilmektedir; bug\u00fcn a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak Rusya Federasyonu ve Kuzey \u00c7in&#8217;de birka\u00e7 bin aktif konu\u015fucusu kalmaktad\u0131r. Dille birlikte Buga s\u00f6z varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve Evenk dininin ince farkl\u0131la\u015fmalar\u0131na do\u011frudan eri\u015fim de giderek azalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Bu kayb\u0131 durdurmak i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli giri\u015fimler s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmektedir. Rusya Bilimler Akademisi (Dil Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc) ve Ulan-Ude \u00dcniversitesi belgeleme programlar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir; \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti&#8217;nde ise Man\u00e7u-Tunguz dil ailesi i\u00e7in benzer bir \u00e7aba s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p><p>Bu durum bilimsel a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc din ve dil s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131ya birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Evenk\u00e7e <em>buga<\/em> s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn yitirilmesi, \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir din kavram\u0131n\u0131n da yitirilmesi anlam\u0131na gelecektir. Dil ve din koruma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 burada karde\u015f projeler h\u00e2line gelmektedir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s14 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s14\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s14h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s14h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga ve Sirkumpolar Y\u00fcce Tanr\u0131 Gelene\u011fi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s14c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s14c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s14t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s14t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sirkumpolar bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma perspektifi, Buga&#8217;y\u0131 \u0130skandinavya&#8217;dan (Sami Radien) Sibirya&#8217;ya (Samoyed Num, Evenk Buga) ve Kuzey Amerika&#8217;ya (Algonkin Manitou, \u0130nuit Sila) uzanan geni\u015f bir &#8220;evren y\u00fcce tanr\u0131s\u0131&#8221; ailesinin bir halkas\u0131 olarak konumland\u0131r\u0131r. Her durumda g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc, evren ve y\u00fcce tanr\u0131 tek bir kavramda kayna\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Bu sirkumpolar dallanma, yo\u011fun ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n konusudur. Juha Pentik\u00e4inen, <em>Shamanism and Culture<\/em>&#8216;da (1998) sistematik bir genel bak\u0131\u015f sunmu\u015ftur; Mih\u00e1ly Hopp\u00e1l ise <em>Shamans and Traditions<\/em>&#8216;da (2007) Macar ve Sibirya kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmi\u015ftir.<\/p><p>S\u00f6z konusu ba\u011f\u0131n genetik bir akrabal\u0131k m\u0131 (t\u00fcm y\u00f6nlere yay\u0131lan paleosibirya substratlar\u0131) yoksa tipolojik bir yak\u0131nla\u015fma m\u0131 (ayn\u0131 ekolojik ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda benzer i\u015flevler) oldu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 olmaya devam etmektedir. Buga, en zengin bi\u00e7imde belgelenmi\u015f \u00f6rneklerden biridir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s15 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s15\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s15h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s15h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga ve Evenklerin Tundra Ekonomisi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s15c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s15c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-s15t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-s15t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Evenk dini, ren geyi\u011fi tundra ekonomisiyle s\u0131k\u0131 bi\u00e7imde i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Buga burada hem y\u00fcce tanr\u0131 hem de ren geyiklerinin &#8220;sahibi&#8221; konumundad\u0131r; onun izni olmaks\u0131z\u0131n hi\u00e7bir ren geyi\u011fi avlanamaz. Bu nedenle avdan \u00f6nce Buga&#8217;ya yap\u0131lan rit\u00fcel <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bir tanr\u0131ya veya g\u00fcce yalvararak ya da yalvar\u0131rcas\u0131na y\u00f6nelme.\" tabindex=\"0\">yakarma<\/span>, yaln\u0131zca <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bir insan\u0131n ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f din\u00ee tutumu ve prati\u011fi.\" tabindex=\"0\">dindarl\u0131k<\/span> de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ekonomik bir pratiktir.<\/p><p>A. F. Anisimov, <em>Religia ewenkov<\/em>&#8216;da (1958) bu i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7i\u015fi ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde betimlemi\u015ftir. Bu durum, din ve ekonomiyi birbirinden ayr\u0131 alanlar olarak de\u011fil, b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik bir ya\u015fam s\u00fcreci olarak ele alan daha geni\u015f bir din antropolojisi gelene\u011fine dahildir.<\/p><p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Rusya Federasyonu&#8217;nda Evenk tundra ekonomisi, madencilik, petrol arama ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi nedeniyle a\u011f\u0131r tehdit alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte Buga kompleksi de tehlikeye girmektedir; bu durum, birinci dereceden \u00f6neme sahip din-ekoloji ara\u015ft\u0131rma alan\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2fe9c4aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2fe9c4aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2067a37d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2067a37d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buga: G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc, D\u00fcnya ve Y\u00fcce Varl\u0131k Aras\u0131nda<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2dfd4645 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2dfd4645\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2ebe964b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2ebe964b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Buga<\/em> s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, ba\u015fta Evenk\u00e7e olmak \u00fczere Tunguz dillerine aittir ve tek bir anlama kesin bi\u00e7imde sabitlenememektedir. Etnografik kay\u0131tlar bu s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kimi zaman g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc, kimi zaman d\u00fcnya ya da y\u00f6re, kimi zaman de g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcyle ili\u015fkilendirilen en y\u00fcce varl\u0131k i\u00e7in bir ad olarak aktarmaktad\u0131r.<\/p><p>Bu anlam geni\u015fli\u011fi bir \u00e7eviri hatas\u0131 de\u011fildir; canl\u0131 d\u00fcnyay\u0131, onun mek\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 ve bu mek\u00e2nda etki g\u00f6steren en y\u00fcce g\u00fcc\u00fc birbirinden kesin \u00e7izgilerle ay\u0131rmayan bir tasar\u0131ma i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/p><p><em>Buga<\/em>&#8216;ya ili\u015fkin kaynaklar k\u0131tt\u0131r ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde 19. ile 20. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan gelmektedir. Tunguz halklar\u0131 ve <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uzmanlar\u0131n ruhlar d\u00fcnyas\u0131yla ileti\u015fim kurdu\u011fu din\u00ee sistem.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015famanizm<\/span> \u00fczerine temel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar kaleme alan Sergei \u015eirokogorov gibi Sovyet d\u00f6nemi etnograflar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Rus ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ve idari g\u00f6revliler, din\u00ee tasar\u0131mlar\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kay\u0131t alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p><p>Ancak \u015eirokogorov&#8217;un bizzat vurgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere bu tasar\u0131mlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Rus <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Die als rechtgl\u00e4ubig anerkannte Lehrmeinung.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ortodokslu\u011fu<\/span> ve kom\u015fu dinlerle temastan kaynaklanan d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmlerin izlerini ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Kaynaklardan saf, bozulmam\u0131\u015f bir Tunguz <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tanr\u0131 ve bir dinin inanc\u0131 \u00fczerine bilimsel \u00f6\u011freti.\" tabindex=\"0\">teolojisi<\/span> \u00e7\u0131karmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p><p>Buna ek olarak Evenklerin, Orta Sibirya&#8217;dan Pasifik&#8217;e uzanan geni\u015f bir co\u011frafyaya da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, hareketli gruplar h\u00e2linde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f oldu\u011fu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Tasar\u0131mlardaki yerel varyasyonlar buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fc; bunlar\u0131 tek bir \u00f6\u011freti \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde standartla\u015ft\u0131racak herhangi bir kurum da yoktu.<\/p><p><em>Buga<\/em> s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden ne anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gruptan gruba farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6steriyordu. Ciddi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar bu nedenle <em>Buga<\/em>&#8216;y\u0131 ba\u011flama g\u00f6re kimi zaman canl\u0131 bir d\u00fcnya mek\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 kimi zaman ise en y\u00fcce varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran, iki ve\u00e7hesinin birbirinden sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde ayr\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zor kavran\u0131r bir kavram olarak nitelendirmektedir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literat\u00fcr (Se\u00e7me)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Sergei Shirokogoroff: <em>Psychomental Complex of the Tungus<\/em> (1935)<\/li><li>A. F. Anisimov: <em>Religia ewenkov<\/em> (1958)<\/li><li>Mircea Eliade: <em>Le chamanisme<\/em> (1951)<\/li><li>Roberte Hamayon: <em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em> (1990)<\/li><li>Andrei Znamenski: <em>Shamanism and Western Imagination<\/em> (2007)<\/li><li>Vladimir Basilov: <em>Shamanism in Siberia<\/em> (1984)<\/li><li>G. M. Vasilevich: <em>Ewenki<\/em> (1969)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-bugatungus e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-bugatungus\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-bugatungus-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-bugatungus-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Evenk-Tunguzlar aras\u0131nda Buga, g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc, yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc ve yeralt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan en y\u00fcce evren efendisi olarak kabul edilir ve \u015faman t\u00fcrk\u00fclerinde t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez, her yerde haz\u0131r ve naz\u0131r arka plan\u0131 olarak an\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>\u0130lgili anahtar kavramlar: Buga Evenk Tunguz Shirokogoroff Khargi seven D\u00fcnya A\u011fac\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-buga-tungus\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard ve Koruma Gelenekleri<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard, <a href=\"\/tr\/sibirya-samanizmi\/\">Sibirya \/ Tengrizm<\/a> gelene\u011fi ve d\u00fcnya genelinde pek \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn ta\u015f\u0131nabilir koruyucu nesneler gelene\u011fine ba\u011flanmaktad\u0131r. 41 katman, alt\u0131n saf, platin, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, Almanya&#8217;da \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. 30 g\u00fcn iade hakk\u0131.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=wesen-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">iWell Guard hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">iWell Guard hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Ki\u015fisel deneyimler farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilir. T\u0131bbi \u00fcr\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Sa\u011fl\u0131k vaadi i\u00e7ermez.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-bugatungus-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-bugatungus-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard <strong>t\u0131bbi bir \u00fcr\u00fcn de\u011fildir<\/strong> ve t\u0131bbi ya da psikoterap\u00f6tik tedavinin yerini tutmaz. Din bilimleri i\u00e7erikleri k\u00fclt\u00fcrel-tarihsel bir s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma olup manev\u00ee uygulama tavsiyesi niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maz.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Buga, Evenk-Tunguzlar\u0131n Y\u00fcce Tanr\u0131s\u0131 ve Evren Efendisi Buga, Evenkler ve di\u011fer Tunguz halklar\u0131n\u0131n din\u00ee sisteminde ayn\u0131 anda y\u00fcce tanr\u0131, g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc, evren ve d\u00fcnya olarak yer al\u0131r. O, \u015faman yolculuklar\u0131n\u0131n, av d\u00fczeninin ve ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yerini buldu\u011fu kozmik b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Evenklerin ve di\u011fer Tunguz halklar\u0131n\u0131n mitolojisinde Buga; g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc, evren ve d\u00fcnyay\u0131 tek bir varl\u0131kta birle\u015ftirir. Yarat\u0131c\u0131Sibirya \/ [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2862,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Buga Y\u00fcce Tanr\u0131 Evenk Tunguz","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Buga - Tunguz-Evenk Y\u00fcce Tanr\u0131s\u0131, Mitoloji ve Kaynaklar","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Buga, Tunguz Evenklerinin y\u00fcce tanr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r; g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc ve evrenle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirilir. Mitoloji ve kaynaklarla din bilimleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"1","wesen_kultur":"sibirisch-tengrismus","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-72568","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Buga - Tunguz-Evenk Y\u00fcce Tanr\u0131s\u0131, Mitoloji ve Kaynaklar<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Buga, Tunguz Evenklerinin y\u00fcce tanr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r; g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc ve evrenle \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirilir. 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