{"id":136494,"date":"2026-09-03T00:07:32","date_gmt":"2026-09-03T00:07:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=136494"},"modified":"2026-09-03T01:04:16","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T01:04:16","slug":"bes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/bes\/","title":{"rendered":"Bes"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"136494\" class=\"elementor elementor-136494 elementor-775\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bes, gud i den egyptiska traditionen<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bes \u00e4r gud i den egyptiska traditionen.<\/p><p>Skyddsdemon f\u00f6r hem, f\u00f6dsel och s\u00f6mn, Egyptens v\u00e4nliga grimas.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Gud\/Gudinna: Personifierad h\u00f6gsta makt i en kulturs pantheon, med tydliga ansvarsomr\u00e5den som naturkrafter, \u00f6de, krig och fruktbarhet. V\u00f6rdad genom kulter, offer och tempelinstitutioner.\">Gud<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/egypten\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mytologi fr\u00e5n det antika Nildalen, ca 3000 f.Kr. till 30 f.Kr.\">Egypten<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/skyddsgudomar\/\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Skyddande gudomar, v\u00e4ktare av hem, stad, f\u00f6dslar, resor eller livsfaser.\">Skyddsgudom<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" 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elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_bes-1-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-136444\" alt=\"Bes \u2013 gudar fr\u00e5n den egyptiska traditionen, historiskt-illustrativt\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_bes-1-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_bes-1-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_bes-1-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_bes-1.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Bes \u00e4r en av de mest popul\u00e4ra skyddsdemonerna i den antika v\u00e4rlden. Som en liten, t\u00e4tbyggd mixgestalt med lejonman, utstr\u00e4ckt tunga och fj\u00e4derkrona upptr\u00e4der han fr\u00e5n Mellersta riket (ca 2000 f.Kr.) i den egyptiska religionen och f\u00f6rblir verksam \u00e4nda in i den romerska kejsartiden.<\/span><\/p><p>Till skillnad fr\u00e5n h\u00f6gguderna \u00e4r Bes ingen tempelgud, utan en hus- och folkgud: han skyddar gravida, barnaf\u00f6derskor, sp\u00e4dbarn och familjelivet.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00d6versikt: Bes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Skyddsdemon \/ dv\u00e4rggud<br>Ursprung: Os\u00e4kert, m\u00f6jligen nubiskt\/\u00f6stafrikanskt, tidigt anpassat i Egypten<br>Texter: Magiska papyrer, tempelinskriptioner, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ett buret f\u00f6rem\u00e5l som tillskrivs en skyddande, olycksavv\u00e4rjande verkan.\" tabindex=\"0\">amulett<\/span>-inskriptioner<br>Tidsperiod: Mellersta riket till <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00d6verg\u00e5ngsepok mellan antiken och medeltiden, ungef\u00e4r 3:e till 7:e \u00e5rhundradet.\" tabindex=\"0\">senantiken<\/span><br>Spridning: Hela det egyptiska kulturomr\u00e5det, senare utstr\u00e5lning till den hellenistiska v\u00e4rlden<br>Anv\u00e4ndning: Bes-amuletter, hemaltare, v\u00e4ggm\u00e5lningar, magiska knivar<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontext<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Texternas tidsperiod<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bes upptr\u00e4der f\u00f6rst under Mellersta riket, f\u00e5r stark spridning under Nya riket och f\u00f6rblir fram till den senromerska tiden en av de mest popul\u00e4ra skyddsfigurerna. Under den ptolemaiska tiden blir han en del av den hellenistiska husfr\u00f6mmigheten och sprids l\u00e5ngt utanf\u00f6r Egypten.<\/p><p><strong>Mytologisk placering<\/strong><\/p><p>Bes \u00e4r en egyptisk <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"En varelse som v\u00f6rdas som gudomlig inom en religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">gudom<\/span>, en dv\u00e4rg med lejondrag, gudinna f\u00f6r n\u00f6je, dans, musik, f\u00f6dsel och lycka. Bes \u00e4r trots sin dv\u00e4rglika form m\u00e4ktig, s\u00e4rskilt som beskyddare av barn, kvinnor och hush\u00e5ll. Hon \u00e4r folklig och n\u00e4rvarande \u00f6verallt i vardagslivet.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Utbredningsomr\u00e5de<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>K\u00e4rnomr\u00e5det \u00e4r Egypten, med en s\u00e4rskilt t\u00e4t <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00d6verf\u00f6ringen av kunskap och ber\u00e4ttelser genom generationer.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradering<\/span> i Deir el-Medina, Thebe och Nildeltat. Bes-amuletter p\u00e5tr\u00e4ffas fr\u00e5n Levanten via Cypern till Karthago och i hellenistiska bos\u00e4ttningar i \u00f6stra Medelhavsomr\u00e5det. Hans ursprung antas delvis ligga i Nubien eller l\u00e4ngre s\u00f6derut.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">K\u00e4ll\u00e4ge<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Till skillnad fr\u00e5n Apophis eller Ammit \u00e4r den textuella <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00d6verf\u00f6ringen av kunskap och ber\u00e4ttelser genom generationer.\" tabindex=\"0\">traderingen<\/span> tunn; Bes f\u00f6rekommer fr\u00e4mst i materiella vittnesb\u00f6rd: amuletter i lera, fajans och brons, hemaltare, v\u00e4ggm\u00e5lningar. De magiska papyrerna och de senantika trolldomsb\u00f6ckerna n\u00e4mner honom regelbundet, utan att bygga upp n\u00e5gon egen Bes-textserie.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Namn och varianter<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Egyptiska:<\/strong> <em>bs<\/em>, uttalat ungef\u00e4r \u201dbes\u201d; ibland som en grupp gestalter (\u201dBes-gestalterna\u201d).<br>Grekiska: <em>\u0392\u1fc6\u03c2<\/em> \u2192 Bes; \u00e4ven \u00f6verl\u00e4mnat som <em>Bisu<\/em>.<br>Besl\u00e4ktade former: Beset (kvinnlig f\u00f6ljeslagare med liknande uppgifter), delvis Aha, en tidigare skyddsdemonfigur som senare sm\u00e4lter samman med Bes.<\/p><p>Namnet <em>bs<\/em> h\u00e4nger sannolikt samman med det egyptiska ordet f\u00f6r \u201dskydda\u201d och \u201dinviga\u201d. D\u00e4rmed \u00e4r Bes \u00e4ven etymologiskt en skyddsvarelse. Han f\u00f6rekommer i texter utan gudsdeterminativ, som en figur mellan gud, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Andlig varelse som tillskrivs skadlig eller m\u00e5ngtydig verkan.\" tabindex=\"0\">demon<\/span> och skyddsande.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00e4sensdrag<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Utseende<\/strong><\/p><p>Bes \u00e4r liten, t\u00e4tbyggd, dv\u00e4rglik. Han har ett stort huvud med kraftig lejonman, utstr\u00e4ckt tunga, bred n\u00e4sa och stora \u00f6gon. P\u00e5 huvudet b\u00e4r han en fj\u00e4derkrona av vanligtvis fem h\u00f6ga fj\u00e4drar.<\/p><p>Hans kropp \u00e4r satt, ofta avbildad med djursvans och korta b\u00f6jda ben. Detta i\u00f6gonfallande fula utseende \u00e4r <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Olycksavv\u00e4rjande; apotrop\u00e4iska symboler (Pazuzu, Hamsa, Nazar) skyddar mot skadlig magi och det onda \u00f6gat.\">apotrop\u00e4iskt<\/span>: det ska skr\u00e4mma bort onda makter.<\/p><p><strong>Beteende<\/strong><\/p><p>Bes \u00e4r hush\u00e5llets v\u00e4nligt-grinande beskyddare. Han dansar, skrattar, sl\u00e5r trummor och tamburin, svingar knivar mot osynliga fiender. Hans ov\u00e4sen driver bort nattliga demoner, skyddar mot giftiga djur (ormar, skorpioner) och st\u00e5r vid barnaf\u00f6derskans s\u00e4ng under f\u00f6rlossningen. Trots sitt hotfulla utseende \u00e4r han m\u00e4nniskorna v\u00e4lvilligt sinnad.<\/p><p><strong>Verkningsomr\u00e5de<\/strong><\/p><p>Graviditet och f\u00f6dsel, sp\u00e4dbarnsskydd, familj, sovrum, sexualitet, dans och musik. \u00c4ven skydd p\u00e5 resor, mot giftiga djur och i fr\u00e4mmande milj\u00f6er. I senantikens folktro tar Bes \u00f6ver funktioner fr\u00e5n andra skyddsgudar och blir en n\u00e4st intill universell skyddsfigur.<\/p><p><strong>Utseende och symbolik<\/strong><\/p><p>Bes avbildas som dv\u00e4rglik med kraftig kropp, ofta med lejonhuvud, stora \u00f6ron. Hon b\u00e4r en fj\u00e4derkrona, ibland smycken. Ett brett flin \u00e4r typiskt. Perkussionsinstrument, s\u00e4rskilt tamburin, \u00e4r hennes attribut. R\u00f6tt, guld och bl\u00e5tt \u00e4r hennes f\u00e4rger.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Bes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>De viktigaste aspekterna av Bes i korthet. Utf\u00f6rliga beskrivningar av namn, beskrivning, anv\u00e4ndning och paralleller hittar du i de f\u00f6ljande avsnitten.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bes' ursprung<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Os\u00e4kert; man antar nubiskt eller l\u00e4ngre s\u00f6derut liggande ursprung. Utan gudomlig genealogi, en av de f\u00e5 egyptiska figurerna utan familj\u00e4r tillh\u00f6righet.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bes' m\u00e5lgrupp<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gravida och barnaf\u00f6derskor, sp\u00e4dbarn och sm\u00e5barn, hela familjelivet. Sekund\u00e4rt dansare och musiker (Bes \u00e4r \u00e4ven skyddsgud f\u00f6r glada hemfester); resen\u00e4rer; kvinnor som \u00f6nskar avkomma.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bes' utseende<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Liten, t\u00e4tbyggd dv\u00e4rggestalt med lejonman, utstr\u00e4ckt tunga, ansikte v\u00e4nt rakt fram. Ofta med trumma, knivar eller ormar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bes' verkan<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>F\u00f6rdriver ondska genom skr\u00e4ck, ov\u00e4sen och synlig aktivitet. Skyddar genom anfall och inte genom \u00e5terh\u00e5llsamhet.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bes skydd<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Inte skydd mot Bes, utan hans anv\u00e4ndning: Bes-huvudamuletter runt halsen, statyetter vid s\u00e4ngen, v\u00e4ggm\u00e5lningar i sovrum, avbildningar p\u00e5 magiska knivar av flodh\u00e4sttand.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bes paralleller<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Funktionellt besl\u00e4ktad med <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/pazuzu\/\">Pazuzu<\/a> som ambivalent skyddsgestalt, med <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/taweret\/\">Taweret<\/a> som flodh\u00e4stformad graviditetsskyddare och med de romerska <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/lemures\/\">Lares<\/a> som husgudomar. I Fenikien tas Bes upp som <em>Mlk<\/em>; i den hellenistisk-romerska v\u00e4rlden f\u00f6rekommer han p\u00e5 amuletter fr\u00e5n Spanien till Indien. \u00c4ven kinesiska <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"En byggnad som \u00e4gnas \u00e5t v\u00f6rdnad av en eller flera gudomar.\" tabindex=\"0\">tempel<\/span>-v\u00e4ktare (Menshen) och japanska Ni\u014d-statyer delar <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ett \u00e5terkommande inneh\u00e5llsm\u00e4ssigt element i konst eller ber\u00e4ttelse.\" tabindex=\"0\">motivet<\/span> med den fula men v\u00e4lmenande v\u00e4ktaren.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Anv\u00e4ndning i vardagen<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ritualer f\u00f6r <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Det bedjande eller besv\u00e4rjande tilltalet till en gudom eller makt.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u00e5kallan<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p>Bes avvisas inte, utan bjuds in. Vid f\u00f6rlossningar st\u00e4lldes Bes-statyetter i f\u00f6rlossningsrummet, hos sm\u00e5barn i barns\u00e4ngen. Hans blotta n\u00e4rvaro r\u00e4knades som skydd; egna flerstegs ritualcykler finns inte belagda.<\/p><p><strong>Besv\u00e4rjelser<\/strong><\/p><p>I de magiska papyrusrullarna \u00e5kallas Bes ibland i skyddsformler, ofta tillsammans med Taweret. D\u00e4r \u00e4r han den &#8221;larmande&#8221; komponenten som f\u00f6rdriver ondskan, medan Taweret utg\u00f6r den &#8221;skyddande&#8221; komponenten.<\/p><p><strong>Amuletter och skyddssymboler<\/strong><\/p><p>Materialbasen \u00e4r enorm: Bes-huvudamuletter av fajans, amuletter med hela Bes-kroppen av brons eller ben, Bes-figurer av tr\u00e4. Dessutom de magiska knivarna av flodh\u00e4sttand, som visar rader av apotrop\u00e4iska v\u00e4sen, med Bes n\u00e4stan alltid bland dem.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bes, paralleller i andra kulturer<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Mesopotamien<\/strong><\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/pazuzu\/\">Pazuzu<\/a> delar profilen som ett fult-grimmigt skyddande v\u00e4sen, dock med paradoxen av en sj\u00e4lv farlig skyddsdemon. Den barnfarliga Lamashtu p\u00e5 motsatt sida visar det n\u00e4ra sambandet mellan skydd och hot.<\/p><p><strong>Den grekisk-romerska v\u00e4rlden:<\/strong> Eileithyia som f\u00f6rlossningsgudinna och Lares som husgudar delar funktioner med Bes, utan att dock ha hans demoniskt-grimmiga profil. Den hellenistisk-romerska Bes-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Helheten av religi\u00f6sa v\u00f6rdnadshandlingar f\u00f6r en gudom eller helig gestalt.\" tabindex=\"0\">kulten<\/span> sprider sig i Medelhavsomr\u00e5det.<\/p><p><strong>Kristen mottagning:<\/strong> I den koptiska <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00d6verg\u00e5ngsepok mellan antiken och medeltiden, ungef\u00e4r 3:e till 7:e \u00e5rhundradet.\" tabindex=\"0\">senantiken<\/span> \u00f6verg\u00e5r Bes-funktioner delvis i Maria-v\u00f6rdnaden; ikonografiska anklanger bevaras i koptisk <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Den religiositet som levs i vardagen, ofta vid sidan av den officiella l\u00e4ran.\" tabindex=\"0\">folktrosreligiositet<\/span>.<\/p><p><strong>Modern mottagning:<\/strong> Bes f\u00f6rekommer idag i popul\u00e4rkulturell egyptomani, som karakt\u00e4r i genrefiktion (Riordans Kane Chronicles), i tatuering- och <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Samlingsbegrepp f\u00f6r l\u00e4ror som g\u00f6r anspr\u00e5k p\u00e5 dold kunskap, endast tillg\u00e4nglig f\u00f6r invigda.\" tabindex=\"0\">esoterik<\/span>-kultur.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp71adb87 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp71adb87\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp09594ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp09594ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Den huslige skyddsguden: Bes i egyptiernas vardag<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp12ad510 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp12ad510\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd80c23a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpd80c23a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bes intar en s\u00e4rskild st\u00e4llning i den egyptiska <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Helheten av gudarna i en religion eller kultur.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteonen<\/span>, eftersom hans dyrkan var mindre knuten till <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"En byggnad som \u00e4gnas \u00e5t v\u00f6rdnad av en eller flera gudomar.\" tabindex=\"0\">tempel<\/span> och pr\u00e4sterskap \u00e4n till m\u00e4nniskornas vardagliga liv.<\/p><p>Han var en skyddsgud f\u00f6r hus, familj, gravida, f\u00f6dande och barn. Hans n\u00e4rvaro str\u00e4cker sig fr\u00e5n den tidiga egyptiska historien och l\u00e5ngt in i den grekisk-romerska tiden och d\u00e4rut\u00f6ver.<\/p><p>Till skillnad fr\u00e5n de stora rikesgudarna hade Bes ingen betydande egen tempelkult med stora helgedomar. Hans dyrkan \u00e4gde rum i hemmilj\u00f6n. Hans bild f\u00f6rekommer p\u00e5 otaliga f\u00f6rem\u00e5l f\u00f6r dagligt bruk: p\u00e5 amuletter, spegelhandtag, salvk\u00e4rl, huvudst\u00f6d, m\u00f6bler och v\u00e4ggm\u00e5lningar i bostadshus.<\/p><p>I bos\u00e4ttningar som arbetarbyn Deir el-Medina \u00e4r Bes-avbildningar vanliga. Denna breda spridning i den materiella kulturen g\u00f6r honom till en av de mest gripbara gudomarna i det egyptiska vardagslivet.<\/p><p>Religionsvetenskapligt \u00e4r Bes d\u00e4rf\u00f6r av s\u00e4rskilt intresse, eftersom han \u00f6ppnar en v\u00e4g till det lager av den egyptiska religionen som knappt f\u00f6rekommer i de officiella tempeltexterna: omsorgen om f\u00f6dsel, barndom, s\u00f6mn och skydd av hemmet.<\/p><p>Bes var en <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ett v\u00e4sen som dyrkas som gudomligt inom en religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">gudom<\/span> som m\u00e4nniskor v\u00e4nde sig direkt till, utan f\u00f6rmedling av ett pr\u00e4sterskap. Hans popularitet varade i \u00e5rtusenden och \u00f6verlevde till och med det egyptiska tempelkultens nedg\u00e5ng, vilket skiljer honom fr\u00e5n m\u00e5nga andra gudomar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2d6cd15 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2d6cd15\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4e6fe93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp4e6fe93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">En gudom mot bildregeln: frontalvyn och dv\u00e4rggestalten<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7f07cf9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp7f07cf9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp85f7249 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp85f7249\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ikonografiskt \u00e4r Bes ett undantag i den egyptiska konsten. Medan den egyptiska bildtraditionen n\u00e4stan genomg\u00e5ende avbildar gudar och m\u00e4nniskor i profil, visas Bes n\u00e4stan alltid framifr\u00e5n, med ansiktet v\u00e4nt rakt mot betraktaren.<\/p><p>Denna avvikelse fr\u00e5n den egyptiska bildkonstens grundregel \u00e4r p\u00e5fallande och tolkas inom forskningen som ett medvetet drag: Det frontala ansiktet verkar omedelbart, det blickar mot betraktaren och utvecklar p\u00e5 s\u00e5 s\u00e4tt en avv\u00e4rjande, skyddande kraft.<\/p><p>\u00c4ven Bes kroppsform bryter mot det egyptiska sk\u00f6nhetsidealet. Han avbildas som en dv\u00e4rg, med korta, b\u00f6jda ben, tjock mage, brett ansikte, ofta med utstr\u00e4ckt tunga, manliknande h\u00e5r eller sk\u00e4gg och ibland med lejonlika drag.<\/p><p>Ofta b\u00e4r han en h\u00f6g fj\u00e4derkrona. I vissa avbildningar \u00e4r han bev\u00e4pnad och svingar knivar eller ormar, i andra spelar han tamburin eller dansar. Denna blandning av avskr\u00e4ckning och munterhet \u00e4r utm\u00e4rkande f\u00f6r Bes.<\/p><p>Forskningen tolkar detta medvetet fula, normavvikande utseende som funktionellt: Ett skyddsv\u00e4sen som ska driva bort farliga makter och skadliga andar m\u00e5ste sj\u00e4lv se skr\u00e4mmande och ovanligt ut.<\/p><p>Skrattet och musiken som tillskrivs Bes h\u00f6r ocks\u00e5 till avv\u00e4rjningen; ov\u00e4sen och munterhet ans\u00e5gs l\u00e4mpliga f\u00f6r att driva bort hotfullheter och trygga den farliga situation som en f\u00f6dsel utgjorde. Bes \u00e4r d\u00e4rmed ett exempel p\u00e5 att den egyptiska konsten kunde bryta mot sina egna regler n\u00e4r funktionen hos en <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"En varelse som dyrkas som gudomlig inom en religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">gudom<\/span> kr\u00e4vde det.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa6ee5e8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpa6ee5e8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpea6ab60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpea6ab60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bes, Beset och kretsen kring f\u00f6delsegudarna<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4948ba6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp4948ba6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpde4d602 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpde4d602\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bes \u00e4r str\u00e4ngt taget inte en enskild gud, utan snarare huvudf\u00f6retr\u00e4daren f\u00f6r en hel grupp besl\u00e4ktade skyddsv\u00e4sen, som inom forskningen ibland sammanfattande kallas Bes-gudomar. Vid hans sida st\u00e5r en kvinnlig motsvarighet, <em>Beset<\/em>, som fyller liknande skyddsfunktioner inom kvinnors och barns omr\u00e5de.<\/p><p>Bes \u00e4r n\u00e4ra f\u00f6rbunden med andra gudomar f\u00f6r f\u00f6dsel och hemmets skydd, s\u00e4rskilt med <em>Taweret<\/em>, den flodh\u00e4stformade gudinnan f\u00f6r graviditet och f\u00f6dsel.<\/p><p>Bes och Taweret f\u00f6rekommer ofta tillsammans p\u00e5 de s\u00e5 kallade f\u00f6delsestatyetterna, p\u00e5 magiska knivar och p\u00e5 v\u00e4ggarna i f\u00f6delsehusen, <em>mammisi<\/em>, som sedan senare tid byggdes till st\u00f6rre <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"En byggnad som \u00e4r avsedd f\u00f6r dyrkan av en eller flera gudomar.\" tabindex=\"0\">tempel<\/span>. I dessa f\u00f6delsehus firades en gudabarns mytiska f\u00f6delse, och Bes h\u00f6rde till de v\u00e4sen som skyddande medverkade vid denna f\u00f6delse.<\/p><p>Om hans ursprung r\u00e5der ingen enighet inom forskningen. L\u00e4nge \u00f6verv\u00e4gdes ett utomegyptiskt, till exempel afrikanskt eller nubiskt ursprung, men de \u00e4ldre bel\u00e4ggen i Egypten sj\u00e4lvt talar snarare f\u00f6r en inhemsk utveckling; fr\u00e5gan betraktas som \u00f6ppen.<\/p><p>Bes senare historia \u00e4r v\u00e4l dokumenterad: Under grekisk-romersk tid f\u00f6rblev han utomordentligt popul\u00e4r, hans bild spred sig bortom Egypten till hela Medelhavsomr\u00e5det, och Bes-amuletter handlades vitt och brett.<\/p><p>Ur religionsvetenskaplig synvinkel \u00e4r Bes d\u00e4rmed ett s\u00e4llsynt exempel p\u00e5 en <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"En varelse som dyrkas som gudomlig inom en religion.\" tabindex=\"0\">gudom<\/span> vars popularitet inte berodde p\u00e5 statligt st\u00f6d, utan v\u00e4xte fram ur breda befolkningsgruppers behov av konkret, vardagsn\u00e4ra skydd. Besl\u00e4ktade skyddsv\u00e4sen inom hemmets sf\u00e4r finns i andra kulturer, till exempel den slaviska <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/kikimora\/\">Kikimora<\/a> i sin v\u00e4lvilliga form.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vidare l\u00e4nkar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Rekommenderade interna l\u00e4nkar f\u00f6r denna sida:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/egypten\/\">Egypten<\/a> (\u00f6verordnad kultursida)<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/taweret\/\">Taweret<\/a> (vanlig partner i skyddsamuletter)<\/li><li>Detalj om Bes kommer<\/li><li>Apotrop\u00e4iska symboler och masker v\u00e4rlden \u00f6ver<\/li><li>Magiska knivar och amuletter i det gamla Egypten<\/li><li>Gorgoneion (grekisk-romersk parallell)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Forskningslitteratur<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Ett kompakt urval av centrala verk om Bes och egyptisk skyddsmagi:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Altenm\u00fcller, Hartwig: <em>Die Apotropaia und die G\u00f6tter Mittel\u00e4gyptens<\/em>. M\u00fcnchen 1965.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Romano, James F.: <em>The Bes-Image in Pharaonic Egypt<\/em>. Ann Arbor 1989.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Volokhine, Youri: <em>B\u00e8s dans l&#39;\u00c9gypte ancienne<\/em>. Genf 1994.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Fler standardverk finns i <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/litteratur\/\">litteraturf\u00f6rteckningen<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qv775qv e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"qv775qv\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qv775qvh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"qv775qvh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Relaterade skyddssymboler<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qv775qvb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"qv775qvb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qv775qvt elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"qv775qvt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><div class=\"iwg-querverweis-grid\" style=\"display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(220px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:16px 0;\"><div class=\"iwg-querverweis-card\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/hamsa\/\" class=\"iwg-querverweis-link\"><strong>Hamsa<\/strong><br><span class=\"iwg-querverweis-teaser\">Fatimas hand, judisk-arabisk skyddssymbol med fem fingrar och ett \u00f6ga<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"iwg-querverweis-card\"><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sv\/onda-ogat\/\" class=\"iwg-querverweis-link\"><strong>Onda \u00f6gat<\/strong><br><span class=\"iwg-querverweis-teaser\">Global skadetro som nazar boncu\u011fu, mati och malocchio skyddar mot<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.iwg-querverweis-card{padding:16px;border:1px solid var(--e-global-color-f443515,#e6c45a);border-radius:8px;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.22);}.iwg-querverweis-link{color:var(--e-global-color-accent,#e6c45a);text-decoration:none;}.iwg-querverweis-teaser{color:#e8e8e8;font-size:13px;line-height:1.4;}<\/style><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efaa2dc e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"efaa2dc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2186fca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2186fca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>Vanliga fr\u00e5gor om Bes<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Vem var guden Bes i Egypten?<\/h3><p>Bes var en av de mest popul\u00e4ra folkgudarna i Egypten, en dv\u00e4rglik gud som alltid avbildades framifr\u00e5n (en i Egypten extremt ovanlig <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L\u00e4ran om bildinneh\u00e5ll och deras betydelse.\" tabindex=\"0\">ikonografi<\/span>), med sk\u00e4gg, utstr\u00e4ckt tunga och ofta med en fj\u00e4derkrona.<\/p><p>Bes var skyddsgud f\u00f6r familjen, moderskapet, f\u00f6dseln och skydd mot onda andar. Till skillnad fr\u00e5n de flesta egyptiska gudar hade han inget stort <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"En byggnad som anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r dyrkan av en eller flera gudomligheter.\" tabindex=\"0\">tempel<\/span>, hans <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Summan av de religi\u00f6sa v\u00f6rdnadshandlingar f\u00f6r en gudom eller helig gestalt.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> ut\u00f6vades i hemmet, och hans bild var vanlig p\u00e5 amuletter, m\u00f6bler, kvinnors sminkdosor och s\u00e4ngstolpar.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Varf\u00f6r avbildas Bes alltid frontalt?<\/h3><p>Den frontala avbildningen av Bes \u00e4r en ikonografisk unikhet inom egyptisk konst, n\u00e4stan alla andra egyptiska gudar visas i klassisk profil. Den frontala h\u00e5llningen har en funktionell orsak: Bes var en skyddsgud som skulle avv\u00e4rja negativa krafter.<\/p><p>Hans direkta blick ut fr\u00e5n bilden riktas aktivt mot varje ond <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"En kroppsl\u00f6s varelse som tillskrivs verkan i v\u00e4rlden.\" tabindex=\"0\">ande<\/span> som hotar familjen. Denna <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L\u00e4ran om bildinneh\u00e5ll och deras betydelse.\" tabindex=\"0\">ikonografi<\/span> var s\u00e5 verkningsfull att Bes fortsatte att anv\u00e4ndas som skyddsbild \u00e4ven under den romerska och bysantinska <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00d6verg\u00e5ngsepok mellan antiken och medeltiden, ungef\u00e4r 3:e till 7:e \u00e5rhundradet.\" tabindex=\"0\">senantiken<\/span>.<\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Vem var guden Bes i Egypten?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Bes var en av de mest popul\u00e4ra folkgudarna i Egypten, en dv\u00e4rglik gud som alltid avbildades framifr\u00e5n (en i Egypten extremt ovanlig ikonografi), med sk\u00e4gg, utstr\u00e4ckt tunga och ofta med en fj\u00e4derkrona.Bes var skyddsgud f\u00f6r familjen, moderskapet, f\u00f6dseln och skydd mot onda andar. 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Denna ikonografi var s\u00e5 verkningsfull att Bes fortsatte att anv\u00e4ndas som skyddsbild \u00e4ven under den romerska och bysantinska senantiken.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1541,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Bes","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Bes - skyddsdemon f\u00f6r hem, f\u00f6dsel och s\u00f6mn","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Bes, egyptisk skyddsdemon f\u00f6r hem, f\u00f6dsel och s\u00f6mn. Folktrons v\u00e4nliga grimas: amuletter, f\u00f6delseb\u00e4dd och dess stora spridning.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"aegypten","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-136494","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bes - skyddsdemon f\u00f6r hem, f\u00f6dsel och s\u00f6mn<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bes, egyptisk skyddsdemon f\u00f6r hem, f\u00f6dsel och s\u00f6mn. 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