{"id":155343,"date":"2026-09-04T20:16:43","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T20:16:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=155343"},"modified":"2026-09-04T20:41:54","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T20:41:54","slug":"caisen","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sr\/caisen\/","title":{"rendered":"Caj\u0161en"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"155343\" class=\"elementor elementor-155343 elementor-3046 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65d1d84 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"65d1d84\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5e1449 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5e1449\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14f2492 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"14f2492\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64662f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"64662f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Caj\u0161en, kineski bog bogatstva<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-726b666 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"726b666\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Caj\u0161en (\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 Cai Shen, \u201e\u0431\u043e\u0433 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u201c) \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0438 \u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0458\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041e\u043d \u0458\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433 \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u045a\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u043e\u043f\u0448\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u045b\u0435.<\/p><p>\u0420\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0434i \u0441\u0435 \u043e j\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043ej j\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043ej \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0438, \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438j\u0430 \u043a\u043ej\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0431j\u0435\u0434\u0438\u045a\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0458\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430j\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c. \u040a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0443\u0437 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0443.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-500ee20 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"500ee20\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfbf509 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"dfbf509\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Bog \/ Boginja: Personifikovana najvi\u0161a mo\u0107 u panteonu neke kulture, sa jasnim nadle\u017enostima \u2014 sile prirode, sudbina, rat, plodnost. Po\u0161tovana kroz kultove, \u017ertve i hramske institucije.\">Boginja<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sr\/kina\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Kineska religija bogova, duhova i naroda \u2014 daoisti\u010dka, budisti\u010dka, konfu\u010dijanska.\">Kina<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2d1f01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b2d1f01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb7aa2f elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"fb7aa2f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;\\u041d\\u0430 \\u043e\\u0432\\u043e\\u0458 \\u0441\\u0442\\u0440\\u0430\\u043d\\u0438\\u0446\\u0438 \\u043d\\u0438\\u0441\\u0443 \\u043f\\u0440\\u043e\\u043d\\u0430\\u0452\\u0435\\u043d\\u0438 \\u043d\\u0430\\u0441\\u043b\\u043e\\u0432\\u0438.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u0421\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0458\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__fb7aa2f\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__fb7aa2f\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__fb7aa2f\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-289aa58 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"289aa58\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-830743e iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"830743e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_china_caishen-1-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-156984\" alt=\"Caj\u0161en (Caishen) \u2013 bogovi iz kineske tradicije, istorijsko-ilustrativni prikaz\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_china_caishen-1-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_china_caishen-1-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_china_caishen-1-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_china_caishen-1.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a82dd2c e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a82dd2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba97c7e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ba97c7e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ccf3c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7ccf3c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0412\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430 Caj\u0161ena<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27b2d0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27b2d0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0417\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0434 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e j\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433 Caj\u0161ena \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043ej\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0448e \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043ej\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443j\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0447j\u0443 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438j\u0435.<\/p><p>\u041d\u0430j\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438j\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430j\u0447\u0435\u0448\u045b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u045a\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0443 Zhao Gongming, Bi Gan, Fan Li \u0438 Guan Yu. \u0421\u0432\u0430\u043ai \u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438j\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/p><p>\u041e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0458\u0435 \u0444\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0443, \u0443 \u043a\u043ej\u043ej \u0441\u0443 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043da \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0447j\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u045a\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0459\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u0440\u0435\u0442\u043a\u043e j\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c j\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0411\u0438\u045b\u0435 \u043a\u043ej\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0443 \u043e\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u0443j\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c<\/span>. Anne Birrell (\u00abChinese Mythology. An Introduction\u00bb, Baltimore 1993) je \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430 je \u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u045b\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0459\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430\u043c\u0430.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45982d2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"45982d2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b98321 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1b98321\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zhao Gongming<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71ddde6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71ddde6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zhao Gongming je \u0443 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430j\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0438j\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430 Caj\u0161ena. \u041e\u043d \u0441\u0435 j\u0430\u0432\u0459a \u0443 \u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u00abInvestitura bogova\u00bb (Fengshen Yanyi, 16. vek) \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438je Shang \u043a\u043ej\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443paju\u0107e \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438je Zhou \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440aj\u0443 \u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0443\u0431\u0438j\u0435\u043d.<\/p><p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0445\u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e \u0433\u0430 \u0446\u0430\u0440 Jade (Jadekaiser) \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0459\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u040a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443j\u0435 \u0433\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433 \u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u0446\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0431\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043c, j\u0430\u0448\u0443\u045b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0443.<\/p><p>\u0427\u0438\u045a\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u0430 je \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0446, \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0438-\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0438 je \u0440a\u0437\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432aju\u0107a: \u0443 \u043e\u0432\u043ej \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438j\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0443je \u0441\u0430 \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0432aja\u045aem, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043c. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0442e \u0433\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u0432\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430 j\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0434\u0435\u043e \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0430\u045a\u0435, \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u045b\u0443.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-239d93e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"239d93e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f780c9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f780c9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bi Gan<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4229fef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4229fef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bi Gan je \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438je Shang (\u043e\u043a\u043e 11. \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u0435\u0440\u0435). \u0411\u0438\u043e je \u043b\u043eja\u043b\u0430\u043d \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440 \u0441\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0459\u0430 Zhou \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043e je \u0434\u0430 \u0433\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0434 \u045a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438x \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0447e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p><p>\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0459 \u0433\u0430 je \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043e \u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0431\u0438jy \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0448\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0443 je \u0438\u0437\u0432a\u0434je\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0446\u0435. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0445\u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e je Bi Gan \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043b\u043eja\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0430 \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0441\u043dioj \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438j\u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0440\u0448\u0442\u0435\u043d je \u043c\u0435\u0452\u0443 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/p><p>\u041b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0432a \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0440\u0446\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0443je \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430; \u043e\u043d je \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0430\u0440\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0440 \u0443 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0430.<\/p><p>\u041e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430 je \u0441\u0430\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0443 \u00abShiji\u00bb Sima Qiana \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 je \u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434 Han \u043a\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u043e \u043b\u043eja\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. Mark Lewis (\u00abSanctioned Violence in Early China\u00bb, Albany 1990) \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440ao je \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u043c\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043b\u043eja\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 Shang \u043a\u0430\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432a\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430 Zhou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba225f9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ba225f9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7947786 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7947786\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fan Li<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a37dffd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a37dffd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Fan Li je \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0452\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442, \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0459\u0430 Goujiana od Yue \u0443 5. \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u0435\u0440\u0435.<\/p><p>\u041f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433ao je Goujianu \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0441\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0459\u0435\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e Wu, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0443\u043aao \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c Tao Zhugong \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442ao \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u0430\u043d \u0442\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0446. \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0434\u0430 je \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043aao \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430.<\/p><p>\u0422\u0438\u043c\u0435 je j\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043da \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430 Caj\u0161ena \u043a\u043ej\u0430 je \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u0442\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c. \u040a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0445\u0443\u043c\u043d\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d \u0443 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043e\u043d \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0452\u0435\u043d je \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438j\u043e\u043c, \u0434\u043e\u043a \u043a\u045a\u0438\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430ja\u045ae \u0443 \u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430j\u0443 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430j\u0435; \u045a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0423\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0452\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0435.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u043ault<\/span> je \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d \u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438ja\u043ca Jiangsu \u0438 Zhejiang.<\/p><p>\u00abShiji\u00bb \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443je \u045a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438je\u0440\u0443 \u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0459\u0443 \u00abHuo Zhi Liezhuan\u00bb (\u00ab\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438je \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0445\u00bb), \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043a\u043ej\u0438 je \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438ja\u043b\u043d\u0443 \u041a\u0438\u043d\u0443.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90f66af e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"90f66af\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8357fde elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8357fde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Guan Yu \u043a\u0430\u043e Wushen Caishen<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9fbafe9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9fbafe9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043c\u0430 Guan Yu, \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 Han (2. \u0434\u043e 3. \u0432\u0435\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435 \u0435\u0440\u0435) \u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0446 Liu Beia \u0443 \u0442\u0440ijadi \u0422\u0440\u0438 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0459\u0435\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/p><p>\u041e\u043d je \u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0443 Song \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442ao \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0430 \u0443 Ming \u0438 Qing \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u00abWushen Caishen\u00bb, \u00ab\u0432\u043ej\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0433 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u00bb. \u040a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u045a\u0435 je \u0443 \u0443\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0452\u0435\u045a\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0438ja\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445\u0430, \u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043ej\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0448\u0435 \u0443\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435.<\/p><p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0459\u0443\u0434\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0438\u045a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u045a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, j\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0435 \u045a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043b\u043eja\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438j\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435. \u0422\u043e je \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0459\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0438j\u0430: \u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430je \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0440 \u0442\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435.<\/p><p>Hans Steininger je \u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0443 \u00ab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u041a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438j\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 Dao, \u041f\u0443\u0442.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0434\u0430\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0430\u043c<\/span> \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438ja \u0443 \u041a\u0438\u043d\u0438\u00bb (Berlin 1980) \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0443 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0452\u0443 Guan Yua \u0438 \u0442\u0430j\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 Qing, \u043a\u043ej\u0430 \u0441\u0443 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u045a\u0443 \u045a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0430.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7dc2545 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7dc2545\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff188aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff188aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043da \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa808aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa808aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438j\u0430 Caj\u0161ena \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443je \u00abWenshen Caishen\u00bb (\u0446\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430) \u0438 \u00abWushen Caishen\u00bb (\u0432\u043ej\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430), \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0443 Bi Gan \u0438 Fan Li \u0441\u0432\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0432\u0443, \u0430 Zhao Gongming \u0438 Guan Yu \u0443 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438j\u0443. \u041f\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442oj\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u041f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0430 Caishena\u00bb (Wulu Caishen), \u0443 \u043a\u043ej\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435 Caj\u0161en \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u0443je \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430.<\/p><p>\u041e\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438j\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 Song \u0438 \u0443\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434juje \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0443 \u0448\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u041f\u0435\u0442 \u0444\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438j\u0435 (wuxing). Caj\u0161en je \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0430\u045a\u0435 j\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0447\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043ej\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df2ae6f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"df2ae6f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a763091 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a763091\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0448\u045a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0438\u0447\u0430j\u0438<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93fa135 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"93fa135\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 (Caishen) \u0443\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0452\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043e \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435. \u041f\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0433 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u201e\u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430\u201d (jie Caishen). \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0458\u0443 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0432\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0448\u045a\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435, \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043c\u0458\u0430\u043d. \u0426\u0440\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043a\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u043e \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0458 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0447e \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u045b\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0443\u045b\u0443\u0458\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u045a\u0435\u0433\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u201e\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430\u201d, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043b\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0458\u0443\u045b\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0458\u0430\u0446\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0458\u0443 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043do\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0459\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0440\u0435\u045b\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0458\u0443\u045b\u0443 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0443.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ed43de e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3ed43de\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf1ea04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cf1ea04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0418\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0430<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-490022c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"490022c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0458\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0443 \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0446\u0440\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0438, \u0441\u0430 \u0446\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c, \u0437\u043b\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0448\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0441 \u0443\u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0408\u0443\u0430\u043d\u0431\u0430\u043e\u043c (\u0438\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0437\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430) \u0443 \u0440\u0443\u0446\u0438. \u0427\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0442e \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0438 \u201e\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430\u201d (xiao Caishen), \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/p><p>\u0423 \u0432\u043e\u0458\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043e Zhao Gongming \u0438\u043b\u0438 Guan Yu, \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f \u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0458\u0435. \u0426\u0440\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0442\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u045b\u0435 \u0438 \u0443 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0423\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0452\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443<\/span> \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfd3fb4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cfd3fb4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8802b32 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8802b32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0443 \u0441\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0458\u0438<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-783217d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"783217d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0423 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u0434\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0438 \u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u041a\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0435\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0434 1978. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435, \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0423\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0452\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 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\u0444\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430, \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0447\u0430\u043a \u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0430.<\/p><p>\u0421\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u0432\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0459\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0431\u0438\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0435\u0442\u0438\u043aom, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0459\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0452\u0443\u0458\u0443.<\/p><p>\u0408\u043e\u0445\u0435\u043d \u041a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043b (Jochen Kandel) \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0443 \u00abReligion und Wirtschaft im chinesischen Volksglauben\u00bb (\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0445\u0435\u043d 1998) \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0438\u043e \u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0443 \u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043e \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043d <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u041f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0458\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0458\u0435<\/span>, \u043d\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0445\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0430 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0435\u045a\u0435 \u043e \u0411\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0438 \u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0452\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0435.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0442\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0430<\/span>; \u0440\u0435\u0447 \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0458 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0443\u0458\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442, \u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430\u045a\u0435.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc75f53 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fc75f53\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5af12ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5af12ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Relig\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c26710c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c26710c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0458\u0435 \u0443\u045f\u0431\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u00ab\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0435\u00bb \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0435. \u0414\u043e\u043a \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0458\u0443 \u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0411\u0438\u045b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0443 \u043e\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0452\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u0443\u0458\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/span> \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0458\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043c\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0411\u0438\u045b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0443 \u043e\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0452\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u0443\u0458\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/span> \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0443\u043f \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0411\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0441\u043d\u0443 \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0443.<\/p><p>\u041e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0458\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e-\u0444\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0443 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u043e\u0458 \u0441\u0435 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430, \u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0442\u0435\u0432 \u0438 \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a \u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434e \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0452\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441. \u0415\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0434 \u0428\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0440 (Edward Schafer) \u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0443 \u00abThe Divine Woman\u00bb (\u0421\u0430\u043d \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e 1973) \u0438 \u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0443 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-101027f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"101027f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e5488e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8e5488e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0418\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1523f77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1523f77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438: Fengshen Yanyi (\u00ab\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u00bb), 16. \u0432\u0435\u043a; Shiji, Sima Qian, \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0459\u0435 \u00abHuo Zhi Liezhuan\u00bb (\u00ab\u0411\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0445\u00bb); \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0446\u0438\u043d\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0437 Zhejiang-\u0430 \u0438 Jiangsu-\u0430; \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e-\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0435 Wushen-Caishen \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0458\u0435 Qing.<\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430: Anne Birrell, \u00abChinese Mythology. An Introduction\u00bb, Baltimore 1993; Hans Steininger, \u00ab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u041a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e-\u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0414\u0430\u043e, \u041f\u0443\u0442.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0434\u0430\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0430\u043c<\/span> \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u0443 \u041a\u0438\u043d\u0438\u00bb, Berlin 1980; Jochen Kandel, \u00abReligion und Wirtschaft im chinesischen Volksglauben\u00bb, M\u00fcnchen 1998; Edward Schafer, \u00abThe Divine Woman\u00bb, San Francisco 1973; Mark Lewis, \u00abSanctioned Violence in Early China\u00bb, Albany 1990; Florian Reiter, \u00abDaoistische Rituale\u00bb, Wiesbaden 2002.<\/p><\/div><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd998b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fd998b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-565ef95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"565ef95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0433 \u043a\u0443\u0445\u0438\u045a\u0435<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-914211a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"914211a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0412\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043d \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0458\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u045a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441 \u0441\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0443\u0445\u0438\u045a\u0435 (Zaojun, Zao Wangye), \u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0458\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0443\u045b\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041a\u0438\u043d\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0443, \u0431\u043e\u0433 \u043a\u0443\u0445\u0438\u045a\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u0443 \u043a\u0443\u0445\u0438\u045a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0433\u045a\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0435.<\/p><p>23. \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 12. \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0446\u0430 \u043e\u043d \u0443\u0437\u043b\u0430\u0437e \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0458 \u041d\u0435\u0444\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0426\u0430\u0440\u0443. \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0458\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043c\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0459\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u201e\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0435\u201d \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0434e\u0459\u0443je \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u0433 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0458\u0430.<\/p><p>\u041e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0458\u0430 \u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 (\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0443) \u0441\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c (\u0443\u0432\u0435\u045b\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435). \u0421\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0448\u043a\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0459\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0448\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443\u0458\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0445 \u0443\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0452\u0443\u0458\u0435 \u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440.<\/p><p>\u0417\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0434 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435, \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u043e\u0432\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0459\u0443\u0458\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0458\u0430, \u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a41b9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4a41b9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b153cbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b153cbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0443 \u0442\u0430\u0458\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0442\u0432\u0438\u043c\u0430<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d1570e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1d1570e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0430 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0458\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0458\u0435 Qing (17. \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 20. \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430). \u041e\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043c\u0435\u0452\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u0438 \u0422\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0434\u0430 (Sandian Hui), \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0458\u0435 \u0440\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0459\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0443 Guan Yu-\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 (Wushen Caishen). \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0458\u0435\u043c \u0443 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0432\u043b\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u045a\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c.<\/p><p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0459\u0443\u0434\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u0441\u0443 \u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0432\u043e\u0433 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0458\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c Guan Yu-\u0430, \u0448\u0442\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u045b\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u043d \u043e\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430.<\/p><p>\u041e\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u0431\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0443 \u0458\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0435\u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0438, \u0441\u0430 \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043c\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0443 \u0434\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u0443 \u0408\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u0410\u0437\u0438\u0458\u0443, \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443 \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0438 \u0410\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0458\u0443. Hans Steininger \u0438 Jochen Kandel \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0458\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0443 \u0434\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0458 \u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0443 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0458\u0430.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63b3866 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"63b3866\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3497016 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3497016\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0425\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0443<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-315f80c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"315f80c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u041f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043b\u043e \u0458\u0435, \u0437\u0430\u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0458\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u0443 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u0423 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0443 \u0413\u0435\u0458\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0433 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0413\u0440a\u0452\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0443 \u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c<\/span>, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u0441\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 20. \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0446\u0438.<\/p><p>\u0421\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0413\u0440a\u0452\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0443 \u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438<\/span> \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0458\u0435 \u0438 \u0443 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u043d \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0421\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0458\u0430 \u0438 \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0435. \u0423 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442a\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0458 \u041a\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0443 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\u0441\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0443. \u041e\u0432\u0430\u0458 \u201e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u201c \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438jske \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0441e, \u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043ej\u0443 \u0441\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0434\u0430 je \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0452\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0443\u043aao je \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447aj\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0436\u045a\u0443 \u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0435. \u041e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443je \u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043de \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438je \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043de \u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u0441\u0443 \u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0435, \u0432\u0435\u045b 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data-id=\"8e3dcc2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u041f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0443 \u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u043e\u0434 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0435. \u041e\u043d\u043e \u0458\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0452\u0443\u0458\u0443\u045b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e-\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e, \u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u0434\u0440\u0436\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0438 (\u0443 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447aju \u0413\u0443\u0430\u043d \u0408\u0443\u0430) 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\u0426\u0438ja \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0433\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0459a \u0443 \u201e\u0414\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u0440\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0430\u201c, \u043e\u0434\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0459\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435.<\/p><p>\u041f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0435 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0416\u0430\u043e \u0413\u0443\u043d\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430: \u043a\u045a\u0438\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e-\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043d\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0443je \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0433\u0443\u0431\u0459\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0445\u0435\u0440\u043ej\u0430, \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e-\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/p><p>\u041b\u0438\u0443 \u0426\u0443\u043d-j\u0430\u043d (\u201eBuddhist and Taoist Influences on Chinese Novels\u201c, Wiesbaden 1962) \u0441\u0432\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e je \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440ao \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447aj \u0424\u0435\u043d\u0433\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0408\u0430\u043dj\u0438ja \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u045a\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0435.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-574d10f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"574d10f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22ac9c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"22ac9c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0412\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d-\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0458\u0430 \u0438 \u0413\u0443\u0430\u043d \u0408\u0443<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0384f1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0384f1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0413\u0443\u0430\u043d \u0408\u0443 (\u0443\u043c\u0440\u043e 220. \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0435\u0440\u0435), \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0435 \u0425\u0430\u043d-\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438je, \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d je \u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430 \u0422\u0430\u043d\u0433-\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438je \u043a\u0430\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0438\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u0430 \u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0433-\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438je \u0443\u043a\u0459\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d je \u0443 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0423\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043e\u043d<\/span> \u043a\u0430\u043e \u201e\u0412\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u201c (\u0420\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u0433 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430). \u0412\u0435\u0437\u0430 \u0413\u0443\u0430\u043d \u0408\u0443\u0430 \u0441 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 je \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043a\u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0442\u0435\u0432\u0430 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\u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430, \u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u0447\u0438\u045a\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0434\u0430 je \u0440\u0430\u0447\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432o\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432e\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0433-\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438je \u0438\u043cao \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0435 \u0441 \u0432\u043ej\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043be\u0436\u043e\u043c.<\/p><p>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043dj\u0438\u0442 \u0414\u0443\u0430\u0440\u0430 (Prasenjit Duara, \u201eCulture, Power, and the State\u201c, Stanford 1988) \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441ao je \u0443\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d \u0413\u0443\u0430\u043d \u0408\u0443\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e 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\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0446\u0438j\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043ej\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0441\u0432\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0434e\u0459e\u043d je\u0434\u043d\u043ej \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d je \u0443\u0433\u043ba\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0416\u0430\u043e \u0413\u0443\u043d\u043c\u0438\u043d, \u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432e\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0443 \u0421jao \u0428\u0435\u043d\u0433 (\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a), \u0426ao \u0411ao (j\u0443\u0433), \u0427\u0435\u043d \u0408\u0438\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0433 (\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434) \u0438 \u0408ao \u0428\u0430\u043e\u0441\u0438 (\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440).<\/p><p>\u041e\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 je \u0441\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0452\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0458\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0443 \u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0443 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0435\u045a\u0435 \u043e \u0411\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0438 \u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0458\u0435.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0442\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438j\u0443<\/span> \u043f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440ijom \u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u043ej \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0438. \u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0443 j\u0443\u0436\u043de \u041a\u0438\u043de \u0438 \u0443 j\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0430\u0437\u0438j\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0438ja\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430je\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0412\u0443\u043b\u0443-\u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0441e\u0431\u043d\u043e je \u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0413\u0440a\u0452\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0458\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u045a\u0443 \u0458\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0425\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438<\/span> \u0445\u043e\u043a\u0438j\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430je\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0443 \u041f\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0433\u0443, \u041c\u0430\u043ba\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0421\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0440\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u0443j\u0443 je \u043a\u0430\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bfe404 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9bfe404\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81093e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"81093e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0448\u045a\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438j\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0426\u0430\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d06a15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6d06a15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201eDo\u010dekivanje Cai\u0161ena\u201c (jie Caishen) predstavlja centralni element kineske novogodi\u0161nje liturgije. Tradicionalno se odr\u017eava ujutru petog dana nakon Nove godine, kada se radnje ponovo otvaraju nakon nedelje praznika. Porodice i preduze\u0107a pale tamjan, crvene sve\u0107e i izgovaraju molitvene formule upu\u0107ene Cai\u0161enu. U nekim mestima kroz ulice prolaze glumci koji predstavljaju Cai\u0161ena i dele crvene koverte ili talismane.<\/p><p>Ovaj javni oblik do\u010dekivanja Cai\u0161ena do\u017eiveo je iznena\u0111uju\u0107u renesansu u savremenoj Kini nakon tr\u017ei\u0161ne reforme kasnih 1970-ih godina. Adam Yuet Chau (\u00abMiraculous Response: Doing Popular Religion in Contemporary China\u00bb, Stanford 2006) etnografski je dokumentovao obnovu kulta Cai\u0161ena u provincijama \u0160ensi (Shaanxi) i Henan.<\/p><p>Ova renesansa povezana je sa privredno-politi\u010dkim preokretom i pokazuje da su religijske strukture opstale ispod povr\u0161ine tokom maoizma, umesto da su bile potpuno uni\u0161tene.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b47362c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b47362c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c148bd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c148bd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cai\u0161en u poslovnoj etici Ju\u017ene Kine<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b17205 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1b17205\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>U poslovnom svetu Ju\u017ene Kine, posebno me\u0111u Hokjenima, Teo\u010duima i Haka zajednicama, Cai\u0161en ima specifi\u010dnu ulogu kosmi\u010dkog sudeoni\u010dara u poslu. U nekim granama privrede ugovori se <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ono \u0161to pripada utvr\u0111enom religijskom obredu.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritualno<\/span> zaklju\u010duju pred slikom Cai\u0161ena, a godi\u0161nja <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sve\u010dan \u010din koji se odvija po utvr\u0111enim pravilima.\" tabindex=\"0\">ceremonija<\/span> zaklju\u010divanja knjiga (na Nedelju uo\u010di Nove godine ili 24. dana dvanaestog lunarnog meseca) povezuje se sa prino\u0161enjem \u017ertve Cai\u0161enu.<\/p><p>Ovo ritualno uklapanje poslovne etike u <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Skup obreda i obi\u010daja posve\u0107enih po\u0161tovanju odre\u0111enog bo\u017eanstva ili svete pojave.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> Cai\u0161ena protuma\u010dili su G. William Skinner (\u00abMarketing and Social Structure in Rural China\u00bb, Tucson 1964) i Hill Gates (\u00abChina&#8217;s Motor: A Thousand Years of Petty Capitalism\u00bb, Ithaca 1996) kao jedan od klju\u010deva kineske privredne istorije.<\/p><p>Ona pru\u017ea kulturno opravdanje eti\u010dke povezanosti poslovnih partnera i smanjuje transakcione tro\u0161kove u privredi koja se istorijski malo mogla osloniti na dr\u017eavno-pravno sprovo\u0111enje ugovora.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ada73b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ada73b9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9380677 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9380677\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hramovi Cai\u0161ena kao turisti\u010dki i religijski fenomen<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-844850a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"844850a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namenjena obo\u017eavanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">Hramovi<\/span> posve\u0107eni Cai\u0161enu postoje u skoro svakom kineskom gradu, \u010desto kao sekundarni kultovi u ve\u0107im hramskim kompleksima, a povremeno i kao samostalna sveti\u0161ta.<\/p><p>Poznati <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namenjena obo\u017eavanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hramovi<\/span> Cai\u0161ena su Cai\u0161en Miao u Datongu (provincija \u0160ansi), Cai\u0161en Dijan u lamaisti\u010dkom <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namenjena obo\u017eavanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hramu<\/span> (Yonghegong) u Pekingu i nekoliko <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namenjena obo\u017eavanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hramova<\/span> u Tajpeju. U dijaspori su posebno istaknuti <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namenjena obo\u017eavanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hramovi<\/span> Cai\u0161ena u Hong Kongu, Singapuru i Bangkoku.<\/p><p>Tokom proslave ro\u0111endana Cai\u0161ena, petog dana prvog lunarnog meseca, ovi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namenjena obo\u017eavanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hramovi<\/span> bele\u017ee od deset hiljada do sto hiljada hodo\u010dasnika dnevno. Turisti\u010dka dimenzija je u poslednje dve decenije delimi\u010dno potisnula religijsku, \u0161to je pokrenulo raspravu o autenti\u010dnosti i komercijalizaciji kulta Cai\u0161ena.<\/p><p>Ovu raspravu dokumentovali su Mayfair Yang (\u00abChinese Religiosities\u00bb, Berkeley 2008) i David Palmer.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3216ea e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d3216ea\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-614454c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"614454c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0427\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0459\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u045a\u0430<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ccea33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6ccea33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ko je Cai\u0161en?<\/strong> Kineski bog bogatstva, privrednog prosperiteta i uspe\u0161nih poslova. On nije jedinstvena pojava, ve\u0107 skup vi\u0161e personifikacija, me\u0111u kojima su Zhao Gongming, Bi Gan, Fan Li i Guan Yu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kakva je razlika izme\u0111u Ven\u0161ena i Vu\u0161ena Cai\u0161ena?<\/strong> Civilni Cai\u0161en (Wenshen) zadu\u017een je za unapre\u0111enje privrednog uspeha, dok je vojni Cai\u0161en (Wushen) zadu\u017een za za\u0161titu od kra\u0111e, prevare i kr\u0161enja ugovora. Bi Gan i Fan Li spadaju u civilnu kategoriju, a Zhao Gongming i Guan Yu u vojnu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kada se Cai\u0161en posebno obo\u017eava?<\/strong> Za kinesku Novu godinu. Petog dana prvog lunarnog meseca proslavlja se \u201edo\u010dekivanje Cai\u0161ena\u201c, kada se radnje tradicionalno prvi put otvaraju nakon novogodi\u0161nje pauze.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kako izgleda Cai\u0161en?<\/strong> U civilnom obliku prikazan je kao zvani\u010dnik u crvenoj odori sa crnom \u010dinovni\u010dkom kapom i zlatnim juanbaom u ruci. U vojnom obliku (Zhao Gongming, Guan Yu) prikazan je kao ratnik u oklopu sa oru\u017ejem.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3210,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Caj\u0161en","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Caj\u0161en \u2013 Kineski bog bogatstva | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Caj\u0161en je kineski bog bogatstva i poslovnog uspeha. Crveni tigar, zlatne poluge i novogodi\u0161nje proslave. Mit, prikazi i kult.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"1","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-155343","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Caj\u0161en \u2013 Kineski bog bogatstva | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Caj\u0161en je kineski bog bogatstva i poslovnog uspeha. Crveni tigar, zlatne poluge i novogodi\u0161nje proslave. 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