{"id":57110,"date":"2026-07-31T19:11:48","date_gmt":"2026-07-31T19:11:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/yer-sub-shpirti-i-tokes-dhe-ujit-i-turkeve\/"},"modified":"2026-07-31T19:12:12","modified_gmt":"2026-07-31T19:12:12","slug":"yer-sub","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sq\/yer-sub\/","title":{"rendered":"Yer-Sub &#8211; Shpirti i tok\u00ebs dhe ujit i turk\u00ebve"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"57110\" class=\"elementor elementor-57110 elementor-2638\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yer-Sub, fuqia turke e lasht\u00eb e tok\u00ebs dhe ujit t\u00eb shenjt\u00eb<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yer-Sub (turqishtja e vjet\u00ebr <em>Yer-Sub<\/em>, &#8220;Tok\u00eb-Uj\u00eb&#8221;) \u00ebsht\u00eb fuqia numinoze e bashkuar e tok\u00ebs s\u00eb shenjt\u00eb dhe e uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb shenjta n\u00eb sistemin fetar turk t\u00eb lasht\u00eb dhe siberian-tengr\u0438\u0441\u0442. Ajo plot\u00ebson Tengrin-lart dhe Umain-mes duke formuar nj\u00eb trias kozmologjike. Burimet turke dhe siberian-tengriste e p\u00ebrshkruajn\u00eb Yer-Sub-in si fuqi t\u00eb tok\u00ebs dhe ujit t\u00eb shenjt\u00eb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Shpirt natyre i tradit\u00ebs Siberi \/ Tengriz\u00ebm.\">Shpirt natyre<\/span><a href=\"\/sq\/shamanizmi-siberian\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mitologjia e tradit\u00ebs Siberi \/ Tengriz\u00ebm.\">Siberi \/ Tengriz\u00ebm<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Fuqi e tok\u00ebs dhe ujit.\">Fuqi e tok\u00ebs dhe ujit<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Nuk u gjet\\u00ebn tituj n\\u00eb k\\u00ebt\\u00eb faqe.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTabela e p\u00ebrmbajtjes\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-yersub-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-yersub-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-yersub-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_yer-sub-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2856\" alt=\"Yer Sub - Geister aus der Sibirisch-tengrismus-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_yer-sub-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_yer-sub-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_yer-sub-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/geister_sibirisch-tengrismus_yer-sub.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-sec-iwgcomp-yer-sub elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"sec-iwgcomp-yer-sub\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-col-iwgcomp-yer-sub\" data-id=\"col-iwgcomp-yer-sub\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcomp-yer-sub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcomp-yer-sub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yer-Sub, <strong>fuqia e tok\u00ebs dhe ujit<\/strong>, mish\u00ebron n\u00eb tradit\u00ebn turke t\u00eb lasht\u00eb nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht tok\u00ebn e shenjt\u00eb dhe elementin rrjedh\u00ebs.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Klasifikimi dhe profili i shkurt\u00ebr<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ndryshe nga per\u00ebndit\u00eb personale <a href=\"\/sq\/tengri\/\">Tengri<\/a>, <a href=\"\/sq\/umai\/\">Umai<\/a> ose <a href=\"\/sq\/uelgen\/\">\u00dclgen<\/a>, Yer-Sub nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb individ, por nj\u00eb fuqi kolektive e lidhur me vendin.<\/p><p>N\u00eb mbishkrimet e Orkhonit t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb 8-t\u00eb (K\u00fcl-Tigin, Bilge Kagan, Tonyukuk), Yer-Sub shfaqet rregullisht n\u00eb nj\u00eb formul\u00eb treshe: &#8220;Tengri (Qielli), Umai (N\u00ebna) dhe Yer-Sub (Tok\u00eb-Uj\u00eb) na dhan\u00eb fitoren.&#8221; Kjo formul\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga d\u00ebshmit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb struktur\u00ebs kozmologjike t\u00eb Tengrizimit turk t\u00eb lasht\u00eb.<\/p><p>Brenda <a href=\"\/sq\/shamanizmi-siberian\/\">tradit\u00ebs siberian-tengriste<\/a>, figura t\u00eb reja speciale, zot\u00ebrinjt\u00eb e maleve, shpirtrat e burimeve, shpirtrat e lumenjve, marrin funksionet konkrete q\u00eb fillimisht i atribuoheshin kolektivisht Yer-Sub-it. K\u00ebshtu Yer-Sub kondensohet n\u00eb historin\u00eb e m\u00ebvonshme fetare n\u00eb nj\u00eb shum\u00ebllojshm\u00ebri shpirtrash t\u00eb em\u00ebrtuar ve\u00e7mas, pa u zhdukur si koncept.<\/p><p>Nga pik\u00ebpamja fenomenologjike-fetare, Yer-Sub \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull ilustrues i &#8220;numinozitetit lokal&#8221;: ndryshe nga hyjnit\u00eb e larta universale, kjo fuqi \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur me hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn dhe grumbullohet n\u00eb vende konkrete, kalime malore, burime, gryk\u00ebderdhje lumenjsh, shk\u00ebmbinj. Kjo e vendos at\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn linj\u00eb me <em>genii loci<\/em> romak\u00eb dhe <em>jinushigami<\/em> japonez\u00eb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Emri dhe etimologjia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Emri \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kompozitum klasik dvandva i turqishtes s\u00eb vjet\u00ebr: <em>yer<\/em> (&#8220;tok\u00eb, vend, hap\u00ebsir\u00eb&#8221;) dhe <em>sub<\/em> (&#8220;uj\u00eb, burim, lum\u00eb&#8221;). Formime t\u00eb ngjashme jan\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebshmuara n\u00eb shum\u00eb gjuh\u00eb indoevropiane dhe altaike; ato shprehin se toka dhe uji nuk kuptohen k\u00ebtu si dy gj\u00ebra t\u00eb ndara, por si nj\u00eb \u00e7ift bazash jetese t\u00eb pandashme.<\/p><p>N\u00eb bot\u00ebn mongole, koncepti korrespondon pjes\u00ebrisht me <em>gazar usu<\/em> (&#8220;tok\u00eb-uj\u00eb&#8221;) ose <em>Et\u00fcgen Eke<\/em> (&#8220;N\u00ebna Tok\u00eb&#8221;). N\u00eb Siberi, burjatat njohin <em>Lus<\/em> (shpirtrat e burimeve) dhe jakut\u00ebt njohin <em>Aan Alakhchyn<\/em>, sh\u00ebrb\u00ebtor tok\u00ebsor i <em>Aar Tojon<\/em>-it.<\/p><p>Talat Tekin (1968) ka sqaruar statusin gramatikor t\u00eb <em>yer sub<\/em> si kompozitum: nuk b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr dy per\u00ebndi t\u00eb renditura nj\u00ebra pas tjetr\u00ebs, por p\u00ebr nj\u00eb fuqi t\u00eb vetme me em\u00ebr dygjymtyr\u00ebsh. Kjo v\u00ebrejtje gjuh\u00ebsore ka pasoja shkencore-fetare, pasi n\u00ebnkupton nj\u00eb konceptim t\u00eb integruar t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb tok\u00eb-uj\u00eb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u00ebrshkrimi dhe ikonografia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yer-Sub nuk ka ikonografi t\u00eb vet\u00ebn. Atje ku shpirtrat vendor\u00eb specifik\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohen vizualisht, kjo b\u00ebhet n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet grumbujve gur\u00ebsh (<em>obo<\/em>), shtyllave druri me mbishkrime (<em>serge<\/em>), rripave prej cope t\u00eb lidhura n\u00eb larixhe (<em>kyira<\/em>) dhe figurinave t\u00eb vogla druri buz\u00eb burimeve. Yer-Sub si t\u00ebr\u00ebsi mbetet i paduksh\u00ebm; vet\u00eb materia \u00ebsht\u00eb trupi i tij.<\/p><p>K\u00ebt\u00eb pamund\u00ebsi imazhi Yer-Sub e ndan me <a href=\"\/sq\/tengri\/\">Tengrin<\/a> e larg\u00ebt, ndryshe nga <a href=\"\/sq\/uelgen\/\">\u00dclgen<\/a>, <a href=\"\/sq\/umai\/\">Umai<\/a> ose <a href=\"\/sq\/erlik-khan\/\">Erlik Khan<\/a> t\u00eb personalizuara antropomorfisht. Nga pik\u00ebpamja fenomenologjike-fetare, kjo sh\u00ebnon nj\u00eb dallim nd\u00ebrmjet fuqive kolektive-numinoze dhe fuqive t\u00eb individualizuara-personale brenda nj\u00eb <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"T\u00ebr\u00ebsia e per\u00ebndive t\u00eb nj\u00eb feje ose kulture.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteoni<\/span>.<\/p><p>N\u00eb praktik\u00ebn mongole moderne, Yer-Sub p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohet pjes\u00ebrisht n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet grumbujve t\u00eb gur\u00ebve Ovoo; n\u00eb festat e m\u00ebdha, rreth Ovoo-ve shtrihen shalle t\u00eb gjat\u00eb blu <em>khadag<\/em>, ngjyra e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve i referohet me vet\u00ebdije <em>M\u00f6ngke K\u00f6ke Tengri<\/em>-t, nd\u00ebrsa gur\u00ebt vet\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb Yer-Sub-in.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tregimet mitologjike<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mbishkrimet e K\u00f6kt\u00fcrk\u00ebve nuk p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb tregime mbi Yer-Sub-in, por thirrje ndaj tij. Vet\u00ebm n\u00eb sh\u00ebnimet etnografike t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb 19-t\u00eb (Radloff, Anokhin, Verbickij) shfaqen tregime mbi zot\u00ebrinjt\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb maleve dhe lumenjve, t\u00eb cilat s\u00eb bashku plot\u00ebsojn\u00eb spektrin e Yer-Sub-it.<\/p><p>Tek burjatat, p\u00ebr shembull, liqeni i Bajkalit adresohet si &#8220;babai&#8221;, malet p\u00ebrreth si &#8220;v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit&#8221;, nj\u00eb skem\u00eb familjare q\u00eb e shp\u00ebrndan fuqin\u00eb Yer-Sub n\u00eb metafora gjinore.<\/p><p>Nj\u00eb tregim specifik altaik rr\u00ebfen se si u formuan malet kur Yer-Sub u rebelua kund\u00ebr nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjeje t\u00eb Erlikut p\u00ebr ta marr\u00eb tok\u00ebn p\u00ebr vete: malet jan\u00eb val\u00eb t\u00eb ngrira t\u00eb nj\u00eb ndeshje kozmike. Ky tregim q\u00ebndron midis miteve t\u00eb krijimit dhe miteve etiologjike.<\/p><p>N\u00eb epet jakute Olonkho, hyjnesha e tok\u00ebs <em>Aan Alakhchyn Khotun<\/em> mish\u00ebron nj\u00eb aspekt t\u00eb funksionit Yer-Sub. Ajo banon n\u00eb pem\u00ebn e shenjt\u00eb n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb bot\u00ebs dhe u jep t\u00eb gjitha qenieve pjes\u00ebn e tyre t\u00eb ujit t\u00eb jet\u00ebs, nj\u00eb <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nj\u00eb element i p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur tematik n\u00eb art ose tregim.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> q\u00eb zhvillon epikisht konceptin integral tok\u00eb-uj\u00eb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kulti dhe nderimi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Forma m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e kultit \u00ebsht\u00eb <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nj\u00eb sekuenc\u00eb e rregulluar veprimesh simbolike me kuptim fetar ose kulturor.\" tabindex=\"0\">rituali<\/span> <em>Ovoo<\/em>: N\u00eb nj\u00eb kalim malor ose pran\u00eb nj\u00eb burimi t\u00eb spikatur, ngrihet nj\u00eb grumbull gur\u00ebsh, zbukurohet me rripa cope dhe nderohet duke e rrotulluar tre her\u00eb n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb akrepave t\u00eb or\u00ebs. Udh\u00ebtar\u00ebt shtojn\u00eb nga nj\u00eb gur; barinjt\u00eb derdhin pak qum\u00ebsht ose kumys n\u00eb tok\u00eb.<\/p><p>N\u00eb nivel shtet\u00ebror, Yer-Sub ishte pjes\u00eb e betimeve t\u00eb khan\u00ebve: kush e tradhton khanin, &#8220;l\u00ebndon Yer-Sub-in&#8221; dhe del nga rendi. Kjo funksion politik transmetohet madje implicitisht n\u00eb raportin e metabolizmit bizantine t\u00eb Theophylakt Simokatt\u00ebs (fillimi i shek. 7), kur ai flet p\u00ebr praktikat e betimit turk.<\/p><p>N\u00eb Mongolin\u00eb moderne, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nj\u00eb sekuenc\u00eb e rregulluar veprimesh simbolike me kuptim fetar ose kulturor.\" tabindex=\"0\">rituali<\/span> Ovoo ka njohur nj\u00eb rilindje t\u00eb sh\u00ebnueshme; pas vitit 1990, mij\u00ebra Ovoo t\u00eb reja jan\u00eb krijuar ose restauruar. Caroline Humphrey e ka dokumentuar k\u00ebt\u00eb rilindje gjer\u00ebsisht n\u00eb <em>The Marxist Anthropology of Mongolia<\/em> dhe <em>Inside and Outside the Mongol Tent<\/em> (2002).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Praktika mbrojt\u00ebse dhe apotropaike<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nga pik\u00ebpamja shkencore-fetare: praktikat mbrojt\u00ebse n\u00eb kompleksin Yer-Sub synojn\u00eb m\u00eb pak t\u00eb largojn\u00eb d\u00ebmin e sa t\u00eb ruajn\u00eb past\u00ebrtin\u00eb e vendit.<\/p><p>Ishin t\u00eb ndaluara, p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebshtyja n\u00eb burim, thyerja e pem\u00ebve t\u00eb shenjta, kryerja e nevojave fizike mbi nj\u00eb <em>obo<\/em>. Shkelja e k\u00ebtyre tabu-ve konsiderohej &#8220;l\u00ebndim i Yer-Sub-it&#8221; dhe mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebshkohej, brenda tradit\u00ebs, me d\u00ebshtim n\u00eb gjueti ose s\u00ebmundje.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Shum\u00ebsi i Apotropaikon: Objekte dhe shenja q\u00eb synojn\u00eb t\u00eb largojn\u00eb t\u00eb keqen.\" tabindex=\"0\">Apotropaikat<\/span> n\u00eb kuptimin e ngusht\u00eb ishin mbajtja e gur\u00ebve t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl nga mali i shenjt\u00eb, gdhendja e formulave mbrojt\u00ebse n\u00eb shtylla burimesh dhe vendosja e tufave t\u00eb qimeve t\u00eb kalit pran\u00eb pragut. K\u00ebto praktika jan\u00eb t\u00eb gjalla edhe sot n\u00eb Mongoli dhe Tuva.<\/p><p>Nj\u00eb detaj interesant nga tradita jakute: para se t\u00eb largohesh nga nj\u00eb vend i shenjt\u00eb, &#8220;k\u00ebrkon&#8221; prej tij leje me fjal\u00ebt &#8220;<em>Bahyy bolokhtuun<\/em>&#8221; (&#8220;ji i m\u00ebshirsh\u00ebm, l\u00ebm\u00eb t\u00eb lir\u00eb&#8221;). Kjo form\u00eb mir\u00ebsjelljeje ndaj peizazhit \u00ebsht\u00eb, nga pik\u00ebpamja fenomenologjike-fetare, nj\u00eb shembull klasik i etiket\u00ebs animiste.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralele n\u00eb kultura t\u00eb tjera<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Krahasimi strukturor \u00ebsht\u00eb i mundsh\u00ebm me <em>genius loci<\/em> romak\u00eb; me krijesat e tok\u00ebs gjermanike; me banor\u00ebt kelt\u00eb t\u00eb <em>s\u00eddh<\/em>-it; n\u00eb Japoni me <em>jinushigami<\/em> t\u00eb tradit\u00ebs <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Feja indigjene e Japonis\u00eb, e karakterizuar nga nderimi i Kamive.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shinto<\/span>; n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn Latine me <em>apus<\/em> dhe <em>huacas<\/em> andine. N\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha rastet b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb fuqi kolektive t\u00eb lidhur me vendin, e nderuar n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet tabu-ve t\u00eb past\u00ebrtis\u00eb dhe jo n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet miteve personale.<\/p><p>Ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e ngusht\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb af\u00ebria tipologjike me sistemin kinez <em>tudi gong<\/em> t\u00eb per\u00ebndive lokale t\u00eb tok\u00ebs dhe me <em>sa-bdag<\/em> tibetian (&#8220;zot\u00ebrinjt\u00eb e tok\u00ebs&#8221;). K\u00ebtu shfaqen ura kulturore brenda Azis\u00eb s\u00eb Brendshme, pa qen\u00eb e siguruar ndonj\u00eb rrjedh\u00eb historike direkte.<\/p><p>Nga pik\u00ebpamja fenomenologjike-fetare, Yer-Sub ilustron at\u00eb q\u00eb Mircea Eliade n\u00eb <em>Le sacr\u00e9 et le profane<\/em> (1957) e ka quajtur &#8220;hierofani e vendit&#8221;: vende t\u00eb caktuara b\u00ebhen qend\u00ebr sakrale n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet sh\u00ebnimit t\u00eb tyre ritual, pa qen\u00eb nevoja t\u00eb banoj\u00eb aty nj\u00eb per\u00ebndi personale.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Receptimi dhe hulumtimi bashk\u00ebkohor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>N\u00eb t\u00eb tashmen mongole-tuvine, Yer-Sub (si <em>gazar usu<\/em> ose <em>cher-sug<\/em>) \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb madh\u00ebsi qendrore e etik\u00ebs mjedisore. Disa OJQ me orientim ekologjik i referohen kompleksit tradicional Ovoo si baz\u00eb argumentimi. Vepra akademike referuese: Caroline Humphrey (<em>The Marxist Anthropology of Mongolia<\/em>, 1983; <em>Inside and Outside the Mongol Tent<\/em>, 2002), Roberte Hamayon, Sergei Neklyudov.<\/p><p>Nj\u00eb linj\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb k\u00ebrkimore lidh praktik\u00ebn Yer-Sub me konfliktet aktuale rreth minierave dhe t\u00eb drejtave ujore n\u00eb Mongoli: grupet indigjene u referohen pacenueshm\u00ebris\u00eb fetare t\u00eb vendeve Yer-Sub p\u00ebr t\u00eb bllokuar projekte t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Kjo dimension politik ka implikime shkencore q\u00eb Caroline Humphrey i diskuton gjer\u00ebsisht.<\/p><p>N\u00eb Tuva, q\u00eb nga viti 1990 \u00ebsht\u00eb formuar nj\u00eb shoqat\u00eb <em>D\u00fcng\u00fcr<\/em> e praktikuesve shaman\u00eb, e cila kodifikon publikisht ritualet Yer-Sub. Nga pik\u00ebpamja shkencore, kjo kodifikim \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rast interesant i &#8220;inventarizimit&#8221; t\u00eb nj\u00eb praktike fillimisht difuze n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet strukturave moderne shoq\u00ebruese.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Debatet k\u00ebrkimore dhe pyetjet e hapura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nj\u00eb debat qendror rrotullohet rreth \u00e7\u00ebshtjes n\u00ebse Yer-Sub \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb term <em>i vet\u00ebm<\/em> apo nj\u00eb <em>term kolektiv<\/em>. Talat Tekin dhe Sergei Neklyudov mbroj\u00ebn nj\u00eb lexim t\u00eb integruar; hulumtimet m\u00eb t\u00eb reja (si ato t\u00eb B. Kellner-Heinkele) priren t\u00eb pranojn\u00eb personalizime rajonalisht t\u00eb ndryshme.<\/p><p>Nj\u00eb pyetje e dyt\u00eb e hapur ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnien nd\u00ebrmjet Yer-Sub-it dhe konceptit mongol t\u00eb <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nj\u00eb qenie pa trup, t\u00eb cil\u00ebs i atribuohet veprimtari n\u00eb bot\u00eb.\" tabindex=\"0\">shpirtit<\/span> lokal budist: sa nga praktika e sotme Ovoo \u00ebsht\u00eb para-budiste, sa \u00ebsht\u00eb riformuluar n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet budizmit? Walther Heissig ka propozuar k\u00ebtu nj\u00eb teori shtresash, e cila po shqyrtohet kritikisht nga hulumtimet m\u00eb t\u00eb reja.<\/p><p>S\u00eb fundi, dhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb pyetja praktike m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, si raportohet kompleksi i gjall\u00eb sot Yer-Sub me l\u00ebvizjet ekologjike, pa u instrumentalizuar prej tyre? Iniciativa qytetare mongole e brendshme <em>Onggi River Movement<\/em> e merr vet\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pyetje dhe ofron nj\u00eb fush\u00eb hulumtimi p\u00ebr etnologjin\u00eb fetare t\u00eb viteve 2020.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yer-Sub n\u00eb debatin bashk\u00ebkohor mjedisor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nj\u00eb nga kthimet m\u00eb t\u00eb papritura t\u00eb hulumtimeve t\u00eb fundit mbi Tengrizmin \u00ebsht\u00eb rikuptimi i Yer-Sub-it si pik\u00eb reference i l\u00ebvizjeve bashk\u00ebkohore mjedisore. Iniciativa qytetare mongole <em>Onggi River Movement<\/em> (themeluar 2001) protestoi kund\u00ebr minierave t\u00eb arit q\u00eb shkat\u00ebrruan burime dhe rrjedh\u00eb lumenjsh t\u00eb shenjta, duke u mb\u00ebshtetur eksplicitisht n\u00eb nderimin tradicional Yer-Sub. Caroline Humphrey e ka dokumentuar k\u00ebt\u00eb l\u00ebvizje n\u00eb disa ese.<\/p><p>Nga pik\u00ebpamja shkencore, ky kthim \u00ebsht\u00eb ambivalent. Nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb tregon vitalitetin e vazhduesh\u00ebm t\u00eb nj\u00eb koncepti fetar t\u00eb supozuar &#8220;arkaik&#8221;; nga ana tjet\u00ebr bart rrezikun q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjet fetare t\u00eb mobilozohen selektivisht p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime politike. T\u00eb dy aspektet duhen marr\u00eb parasysh n\u00eb nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb t\u00eb diferencuar.<\/p><p>N\u00eb Tuva dhe Republik\u00ebn Sacha jan\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme l\u00ebvizje t\u00eb ngjashme; ato krijojn\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrsectim t\u00eb ri nd\u00ebrmjet etnologjis\u00eb fetare dhe ekologjis\u00eb politike. Fenomenolog\u00eb fetar\u00eb si Bron Taylor (<em>Dark Green Religion<\/em>, 2010) e kan\u00eb analizuar k\u00ebt\u00eb konstelacion si &#8220;fe e gjelb\u00ebr&#8221; dhe kan\u00eb cituar Yer-Sub-in si shembull.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s10 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s10\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s10h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s10h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Burimet dhe lidhja me qendr\u00ebn kulturore<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s10c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s10c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s10t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s10t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kush d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb studioj\u00eb kompleksin Yer-Sub n\u00eb gjer\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij, gjen n\u00eb faqen e p\u00ebrmbledhur <a href=\"\/sq\/shamanizmi-siberian\/\">Tradita Siberian-Tengriste<\/a> referencat e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme te figura t\u00eb lidhura si <a href=\"\/sq\/tengri\/\">Tengri<\/a>, <a href=\"\/sq\/umai\/\">Umai<\/a> (n\u00eb formul\u00ebn treshe t\u00eb Tonyukukut) dhe bot\u00ebt shpirt\u00ebrore t\u00eb lidhura me vend.<\/p><p><em>A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic<\/em> (1968) e Talat Tekin mbetet baza filologjike m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr shtres\u00ebn turke t\u00eb lasht\u00eb. <em>Inside and Outside the Mongol Tent<\/em> (2002) dhe <em>Marx Went Away, But Karl Stayed Behind<\/em> (me Frank Pieke, 1998) t\u00eb Caroline Humphrey ofrojn\u00eb thell\u00ebsin\u00eb etnografike bashk\u00ebkohore.<\/p><p><em>Mify narodov mira<\/em> e Sergei Neklyudov, v\u00ebll. 2 (Mosk\u00eb 1992), p\u00ebrmban vepr\u00ebn standarde ruse m\u00eb t\u00eb kompakt\u00eb mbi kompleksin Yer-Sub dhe duhet t\u00eb figuroj\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do bibliografi serioze.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s11 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s11\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s11h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s11h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fenomenologjia fetare e lidhjes me vendin<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s11c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s11c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s11t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s11t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yer-Sub ilustron nga pik\u00ebpamja fenomenologjike-fetare kategorin\u00eb e &#8220;numinozitetit t\u00eb lidhur me vendin&#8221;, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn Mircea Eliade n\u00eb <em>Le sacr\u00e9 et le profane<\/em> (1957) e ka zhvilluar si &#8220;hierofani e vendit&#8221;. Ndryshe nga hyjnit\u00eb e larta universale, kjo form\u00eb numinoziteti \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur me hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn dhe konkrete.<\/p><p>Sh\u00ebnimi ritual i nj\u00eb vendi (n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet grumbujve gur\u00ebsh, rripa cope, shtyllave druri) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull klasik i asaj q\u00eb van Gennep e quajti &#8220;sakralizim i peizazhit&#8221;. Yer-Sub k\u00ebtu nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb person q\u00eb banon n\u00eb vend, por fuqia vet\u00eb q\u00eb b\u00ebhet vend, nj\u00eb dallim i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm nga pik\u00ebpamja fenomenologjike-fetare.<\/p><p>N\u00eb krahasim me konceptin japonez <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00eb Shinto-n japoneze, qeniet shpirt\u00ebrore dhe fuqit\u00eb hyjnore t\u00eb nderuara.\" tabindex=\"0\">kami<\/span><\/em> dhe me <em>genius loci<\/em> romak, v\u00ebrehet se numinoziteti i lidhur me vendin \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb koncept i p\u00ebrhapur globalisht, i cili megjithat\u00eb formulohet specifikisht n\u00eb secilin tradit\u00eb. Yer-Sub \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb variant ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht kompakt dhe mir\u00eb i dokumentuar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s12 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s12h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s12h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Reflektim metodologjik<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s12c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s12c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s12t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s12t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>N\u00eb hulumtimin e Yer-Sub-it lindin disa probleme metodike. E para: Fjala n\u00eb vetvete \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kompozit\u00eb, trajtimi i sakt\u00eb gramatikor i t\u00eb cil\u00ebs n\u00eb turqishten e vjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb i diskutuesh\u00ebm. Vendosja e Talat Tekinit si &#8220;fuqi e vetme me em\u00ebr dypjes\u00ebsh&#8221; \u00ebsht\u00eb pranuar nga shumica, por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e pakontestuar.<\/p><p>E dyta: Identifikimi i Yer-Sub-it t\u00eb <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nj\u00eb tekst i gdhendur ose i skalitur n\u00eb nj\u00eb mbart\u00ebs t\u00eb ngulitur.\" tabindex=\"0\">mbishkrimit<\/span> t\u00eb Tonyukukut me bot\u00ebn e <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nj\u00eb qenie pa trup, t\u00eb cil\u00ebs i atribuohet veprimtari n\u00eb bot\u00eb.\" tabindex=\"0\">shpirtrave<\/span> t\u00eb maleve dhe burimeve t\u00eb dokumentuar etnografikisht n\u00eb shekujt XIX\/XX \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb hipotez\u00eb; hulumtimi \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb i kujdessh\u00ebm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim.<\/p><p>E treta: Mobilizimi bashk\u00ebkohor i Yer-Sub-it p\u00ebr l\u00ebvizjet ekologjike \u00ebsht\u00eb shkenc\u00ebrisht k\u00ebrkues. Caroline Humphrey dhe Bron Taylor kan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb kontribute t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme k\u00ebtu, pa e mbyllur diskutimin.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s13 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s13\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s13h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s13h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yer-Sub dhe Naadam-i mongol<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s13c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s13c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s13t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s13t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnia nd\u00ebrmjet Yer-Sub-it dhe fest\u00ebs verore mongole <em>Naadam<\/em> meriton nj\u00eb v\u00ebmendje t\u00eb posa\u00e7me. Naadam-i, i festuar \u00e7do vit n\u00eb korrik, ka origjin\u00ebn e tij n\u00eb thirrjet ndaj hyjnive t\u00eb maleve dhe burimeve dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu historikisht i lidhur me kompleksin Yer-Sub.<\/p><p>Tre &#8220;loj\u00ebrat burrore&#8221; klasike t\u00eb Naadam-it, garat me kuaj, gjuajtja me hark, mundja, ishin fillimisht demonstrime rituale t\u00eb forc\u00ebs fisnore para patronit t\u00eb malit dhe para Yer-Sub-it. Christopher Atwood e ka p\u00ebrshkruar me holl\u00ebsi k\u00ebt\u00eb ankorimin ritual n\u00eb enciklopedin\u00eb e tij (2004).<\/p><p>N\u00eb Mongolin\u00eb e sotme, Naadam-i \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fest\u00eb komb\u00ebtare e madhe, e ngarkuar nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht me karakter shtet\u00ebror-laik dhe fetar-tradicional. Ritualet Ovoo n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb fest\u00ebs e b\u00ebjn\u00eb shtres\u00ebn Yer-Sub t\u00eb dukshme edhe sot.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s14 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s14\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s14h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s14h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yer-Sub dhe gjetjet arkeologjike<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s14c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s14c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-s14t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-s14t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gjetjet arkeologjike lidhur me Yer-Sub-in jan\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuara por t\u00eb dobishme. N\u00eb stepa t\u00eb larta t\u00eb Siberia Jugore (Tuva, Altai), jan\u00eb ruajtur tumule <em>kurgan<\/em> dhe shtyll\u00eb guri vertikale nga koha skite dhe huneze, t\u00eb cilat lexohen si sh\u00ebnime rituale t\u00eb &#8220;vendeve t\u00eb shenjta&#8221;. N\u00ebse k\u00ebto sh\u00ebnime jan\u00eb identike me konceptin e m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm Yer-Sub, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e siguruar domosdoshm\u00ebrisht.<\/p><p>Nj\u00eb material arkeologjik ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm jan\u00eb shtylla guri <em>balbal<\/em> t\u00eb koh\u00ebs K\u00f6kt\u00fcrke, t\u00eb ngritura n\u00eb rreshta pran\u00eb varrezave mbret\u00ebrore. Sergei Klyashtorny ka diskutuar p\u00ebrmbajtjen fetare t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre shtyllave n\u00eb <em>Drevnetjurkskie pis&#8217;mennye pamjatniki<\/em> (1964).<\/p><p>Nj\u00eb tez\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse lidh shtylla guri arkeologjike me shtylla <em>serge<\/em> t\u00eb d\u00ebshmuara etnografikisht t\u00eb sakasve: t\u00eb dyja mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb pasqyrim i nj\u00eb sh\u00ebnimi t\u00eb vazhduar Yer-Sub t\u00eb vendeve, me kontinuitete dhe transformime t\u00eb gjata mbi dy mij\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00eb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp21aa3e2d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp21aa3e2d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2524783c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2524783c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Yer-Sub si term i dyfisht\u00eb: toka dhe uji n\u00eb Tengriz\u00ebm<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp274b5427 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp274b5427\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2c867c66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2c867c66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Emri <em>Yer-Sub<\/em>, fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr fjal\u00eb Tok\u00eb-Uj\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebt turke, nuk em\u00ebrton nj\u00eb <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nj\u00eb qenie e nderuar si hyjnore brenda nj\u00eb feje.\" tabindex=\"0\">hyjni<\/span> t\u00eb vetme t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar qart\u00eb, por nj\u00eb madh\u00ebsi kolektive: t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb e bot\u00ebs s\u00eb mesme me malet, lumenjt\u00eb, burimet dhe pyjet e saj, e konceptuar si fuqi e gjall\u00ebruar dhe e nderueshme.<\/p><p>Edhe mbishkrimet turke t\u00eb lasht\u00eb t\u00eb lugin\u00ebs Orkhon nga shekulli i 8-t\u00eb, tekstet m\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra t\u00eb lidhura n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb turke, e p\u00ebrmendin <em>yer sub<\/em> krahas per\u00ebndis\u00eb qiellore <em>Tengri<\/em> si nj\u00eb instanc\u00eb q\u00eb mbikqyr fatin e popullit.<\/p><p>Kjo d\u00ebshmi e hershme \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme sepse tregon se b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb konceptim t\u00eb lasht\u00eb, t\u00eb siguruar me shkrim, dhe jo p\u00ebr nj\u00eb konstruktim t\u00eb m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb etnografis\u00eb. N\u00eb mbishkrimet e Orkhonit, <em>yer sub<\/em> shfaqet n\u00eb nj\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrje me <em>Tengri<\/em>n si fuqi q\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyjn\u00eb kur populli \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi.<\/p><p>Statusi i sakt\u00eb teologjik mbetet megjithat\u00eb i hapur: n\u00ebse <em>Yer-Sub<\/em> u konceptua si nj\u00eb nj\u00ebsi, si shum\u00ebsi shpirtrash lokal\u00eb apo si t\u00eb dyja nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohet me siguri nga tekstet e shkurtra t\u00eb mbishkrimeve.<\/p><p>N\u00eb traditat e m\u00ebvonshme, t\u00eb d\u00ebshmuara etnografikisht, t\u00eb popujve turke t\u00eb Siberia Jugore, si altaier\u00ebt dhe chakas\u00ebt, <em>Yer-Sub<\/em> shfaqet shpesh n\u00eb shum\u00ebs si shum\u00ebsi zot\u00ebrinjsh t\u00eb maleve, lumenjve dhe kalimeve t\u00eb caktuara, t\u00eb cil\u00ebve udh\u00ebtar\u00ebt u ofronin dhurata t\u00eb vogla.<\/p><p>K\u00ebtu v\u00ebrehet i nj\u00ebjti luhatie nd\u00ebrmjet nj\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe shum\u00ebsis\u00eb si tek shum\u00eb koncepte tengriste. Hulumtimet, sidomos ato mbi fen\u00eb altaike, e interpretojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb si shprehje t\u00eb nj\u00eb fet\u00ebsie q\u00eb nuk e ndan rrept\u00ebsisht lokalin nga universali. Koncepte t\u00eb ngjashme trajtohen n\u00eb artikullin mbi <a href=\"\/sq\/buga\/\">Buga<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (zgjedhje)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Talat Tekin: <em>A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic<\/em> (1968)<\/li><li>Caroline Humphrey: <em>Inside and Outside the Mongol Tent<\/em> (2002)<\/li><li>Jean-Paul Roux: <em>La religion des Turcs et des Mongols<\/em> (1984)<\/li><li>Wilhelm Radloff: <em>Aus Sibirien<\/em> (1893)<\/li><li>Roberte Hamayon: <em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em> (1990)<\/li><li>Sergei Neklyudov: <em>Mify narodov mira<\/em>, Bd. 2 (Moskau 1992)<\/li><li>Vladimir Basilov: <em>Shamanism in Siberia<\/em> (1984)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-yersub e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-yersub\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-yersub-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-yersub-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Miti<\/em> turk i lasht\u00eb i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nj\u00eb tregim i trash\u00ebguar mbi per\u00ebndi, origjina dhe rendin e bot\u00ebs.\" tabindex=\"0\"><em>mbishkrimeve<\/em><\/span> t\u00eb Orkhonit t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb tet\u00eb e em\u00ebrton Yer-Sub-in si fuqi t\u00eb dyfisht\u00eb t\u00eb shenjt\u00eb t\u00eb tok\u00ebs dhe ujit, e cila s\u00eb bashku me per\u00ebndin\u00eb qiellor Tengri garantonte mir\u00ebqenien e sundimtarit dhe t\u00eb popullit.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Koncepte ky\u00e7e t\u00eb lidhura: Yer-Sub Orkhon Bilge Kagan obo ovoo gazar usu Et\u00fcgen Eke.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-yer-sub\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard dhe traditat mbrojt\u00ebse<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard lidhet me tradit\u00ebn kulturore-historike t\u00eb objekteve mbrojt\u00ebse t\u00eb mbajtura n\u00eb trup, n\u00eb tradit\u00ebn e <a href=\"\/sq\/shamanizmi-siberian\/\">Siberi \/ Tengriz\u00ebm<\/a> dhe shum\u00eb kulturave t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb bot\u00eb. 41 shtresa, ar i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, platin, argjend, e prodhuar n\u00eb Gjermani. E drejta e kthimit brenda 30 dit\u00ebve.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=wesen-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">M\u00eb shum\u00eb rreth iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">M\u00eb shum\u00eb rreth iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">P\u00ebrvojat personale mund t\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb produkt mjek\u00ebsor. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb premtim sh\u00ebrimi.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-yersub-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-yersub-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard <strong>nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb produkt mjek\u00ebsor<\/strong> dhe nuk z\u00ebvend\u00ebson trajtimin mjek\u00ebsor ose psikoterapeutik. P\u00ebrmbajtjet shkencore-fetare jan\u00eb klasifikim kulturor-historik, jo rekomandim p\u00ebr praktik\u00eb shpirt\u00ebrore.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yer-Sub, fuqia turke e lasht\u00eb e tok\u00ebs dhe ujit t\u00eb shenjt\u00eb Yer-Sub (turqishtja e vjet\u00ebr Yer-Sub, &#8220;Tok\u00eb-Uj\u00eb&#8221;) \u00ebsht\u00eb fuqia numinoze e bashkuar e tok\u00ebs s\u00eb shenjt\u00eb dhe e uj\u00ebrave t\u00eb shenjta n\u00eb sistemin fetar turk t\u00eb lasht\u00eb dhe siberian-tengr\u0438\u0441\u0442. Ajo plot\u00ebson Tengrin-lart dhe Umain-mes duke formuar nj\u00eb trias kozmologjike. Burimet turke dhe siberian-tengriste e p\u00ebrshkruajn\u00eb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2856,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Yer-Sub tok\u00eb uj\u00eb Tengriz\u00ebm","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Yer-Sub - Fuqia turke e tok\u00ebs dhe ujit, miti dhe burimet","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Yer-Sub \u00ebsht\u00eb fuqia e shenjt\u00eb e tok\u00ebs dhe ujit n\u00eb besimin turk t\u00eb lasht\u00eb tengr\u0438\u0441\u0442. Klasifikim shkencor-fetar me burime.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"2","wesen_kultur":"sibirisch-tengrismus","wesen_klasse":"geister","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-57110","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Yer-Sub - Fuqia turke e tok\u00ebs dhe ujit, miti dhe burimet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Yer-Sub \u00ebsht\u00eb fuqia e shenjt\u00eb e tok\u00ebs dhe ujit n\u00eb besimin turk t\u00eb lasht\u00eb tengr\u0438\u0441\u0442. 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