{"id":160728,"date":"2026-09-05T00:25:00","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T00:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=160728"},"modified":"2026-09-05T00:44:37","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T00:44:37","slug":"khormusta-najvisji-nebeski-bog-mongolov","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sl\/khormusta-najvisji-nebeski-bog-mongolov\/","title":{"rendered":"Khormusta \u2013 Najvi\u0161ji nebe\u0161ki bog Mongolov"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"160728\" class=\"elementor elementor-160728 elementor-2639 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Khormusta, budisti\u010dno-tengristi\u010dni vrhovni bog Mongolov<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khormusta (mongolsko <em>Qormusta Tngri<\/em>, tibetansko <em>brGya-byin<\/em>) je v mongolskem tengrizmu in v njegovi budisti\u010dni nadgradnji najvi\u0161ji izmed 99 nebe\u0161\u010danov Tengri in vodja 33 zahodnih \u201ebelih\u201c Tengrijev.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Stvarnik tradicije Sibirija \/ tengrizem.\">Stvarnik<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sl\/sibirski-samanizem-in-tengrizem-step-in-tajga\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mitologija tradicije Sibirija \/ tengrizem.\">Sibirija \/ tengrizem<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Visoko bo\u017eanstvo.\">Visoko bo\u017eanstvo<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na tej strani ni najdenih naslovov.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tKazalo vsebine\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-khormusta-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-khormusta-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-khormusta-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_khormusta-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-162538\" alt=\"Khormusta \u2013 bogovi iz sibirsko-tengrijske tradicije, zgodovinsko-ilustrativno\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_khormusta-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_khormusta-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_khormusta-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sibirisch-tengrismus_khormusta.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-sec-iwgcomp2-khormusta elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"sec-iwgcomp2-khormusta\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-col-iwgcomp2-khormusta\" data-id=\"col-iwgcomp2-khormusta\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcomp2-khormusta elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcomp2-khormusta\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khormusta velja za <strong>budisti\u010dno-tengristi\u010dnega<\/strong> vrhovnega boga v mongolskih in tibetanskih sinkretizmih.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Umestitev in kratek profil<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khormusta je \u0161e posebej dobro dokumentirana figura pozne mongolske religije.<\/p><p>Predstavlja mostno vez med tremi plastmi: indoiranskim Ahura Mazdo (pahlavijsko <em>Hormizd<\/em>), budisti\u010dnim Indro (sanskrtsko <em>\u015aakra Dev\u0101n\u0101\u1e43 Indra<\/em>) in starotur\u0161ko-mongolskim <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sl\/?page_id=160723\">Tengrijem<\/a>. V pripovedni literaturi Skrivne zgodovine in v poznej\u0161ih epskih besedilih (epu o Geser Khanu) se pojavlja kot \u201eo\u010de 33 bogov na zahodu\u201c in razsodnik nebe\u0161kih spopadov.<\/p><p>V okviru <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sl\/sibirski-samanizem-in-tengrizem-step-in-tajga\/\">sibirsko-tengristi\u010dne tradicije<\/a> zaznamuje prehod od neoblikovanega Tengrija k personaliziranemu budisti\u010dnemu svetu bogov. Z verstvoslovnega vidika je u\u010dni primer delovanja religijskega <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Zlitje predstav ali bo\u017eanstev iz razli\u010dnih religijskih tradicij.\" tabindex=\"0\">sinkretizma<\/span>.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Raziskovalna literatura o Khormusti je, v primerjavi z mnogimi drugimi figurami Tengri, nenavadno obse\u017ena. Delo Walterja Heissiga <em>Die Religionen der Mongolei<\/em> (1970) je tu nepogre\u0161ljivo, prav tako dela Klausa Sagasterja in Christopherja Atwooda. Ta obse\u017enost izhaja iz njegove mostne vloge: kdor preu\u010duje Khormusto, hkrati preu\u010duje stik iranske, indijske in mongolske religije.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ime in etimologija<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ime izhaja iz srednjeperzijskega <em>Hormizd \/ Ohrmazd<\/em>, torej iz vrhovnega boga zoroastrskega Irana (Ahura Mazda). Prenos je verjetno potekal v 7. do 9. stoletju po sogdijskih trgovskih poteh v notranjo Azijo.<\/p><p>V mongolskem jezikovnem prostoru ime dobi pripono Tengri (<em>Qormusta Tngri<\/em>), s \u010dimer je iranski vrhovni bog vklju\u010den v mongolski nebe\u0161ki sistem, kar je klasi\u010den primer religijskega <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Zlitje predstav ali bo\u017eanstev iz razli\u010dnih religijskih tradicij.\" tabindex=\"0\">sinkretizma<\/span>.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Natan\u010dna jezikovna in religijska zgodovina je zapletena: posredniki so bili verjetno sogdijski manihejci in zoroastrijci v oazah notranje Azije (Turfan, Hotan, Samarkand). Hans-Joachim Klimkeit je v delu <em>Die Seidenstra\u00dfe<\/em> (1988) podrobno rekonstruiral te posredovalne poti.<\/span><\/p><p>V tibetanskih prevodih se Khormusta pojavlja kot <em>brGya-byin<\/em> ali <em>dBang-po brGya-byin<\/em>, kar ustreza indijskemu \u015aakri Dev\u0101n\u0101\u1e43 Indri, \u201eIndri s tiso\u010dimi imeni\u201c. Ta identifikacija ga je dokon\u010dno vklju\u010dila v budisti\u010dni sistem bogov.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Opis in ikonografija<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V budisti\u010dno zaznamovani mongolski umetnosti se Khormusta prikazuje kot okronana kraljevska podoba na lotosovem prestolu, v desni roki dr\u017ei strelo (vad\u017ero, mongolsko <em>otschir<\/em>), v levi pa drevo izpolnjevanja \u017eelja. Jezdi na tritrolatnem slonu Airavati, kar ga ikonografsko dokon\u010dno poistoveti z budisti\u010dnim Indro.<\/p><p>V predbudisti\u010dnih mongolskih plasteh, kolikor jih je mogo\u010de rekonstruirati, njegova podoba ni bila tako trdno dolo\u010dena; pojavljal se je bolj kot \u201ekralj med 99 Tengriji\u201c v ustnem <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prena\u0161anje znanja in pripovedi skozi generacije.\" tabindex=\"0\">izro\u010dilu<\/span> kot v stalnih upodobitvah. Budizacija Mongolije od 13. stoletja naprej, zlasti od 16.\/17. stoletja, je uveljavila danes obi\u010dajno tantri\u010dno ikonografijo.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Klaus Sagaster je v delu <em>Die mongolische Religion<\/em> (1971) sistemati\u010dno katalogiziral Khormustino podobno izro\u010dilo. Presenetljivo je opa\u017eanje, da mongolske ljudske oblike pogosto ka\u017eejo me\u0161ano ikonografijo: okronan bojevnik z vad\u017ero, vendar na belem konju namesto na slonu, kar ka\u017ee na ljudsko prilagoditev budisti\u010dne standardne oblike.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mitolo\u0161ka pripovedovanja<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V epu o Geser Khanu (mongolske in tibetanske razli\u010dice) je Khormusta vir, iz katerega je junak Geser poslan na zemljo, da ponovno vzpostavi ravnovesje sveta, ki ga so zmotila zla bitja. Khormusta tu nastopa kot nebe\u0161ki naro\u010dnik in prevzema vlogo, ki bi v indijskih epih pripadala Indri.<\/p><p>Druga pripoved opisuje vojno med zahodnimi belimi 33 Tengriji in vzhodnimi \u010drnimi 44 Tengriji pod \u010drnim kanom <em>Atai Ulanom<\/em>; Khormusta zmaga z ustvarjanjem strele, kar zagotovi kozmi\u010dni red. Ta dualisti\u010dna pripoved o bitki ka\u017ee o\u010ditne zoroastrske sledi.<\/p><p>V Skrivni zgodovini Mongolov (1240) Khormusta ni neposredno omenjen; poznej\u0161e izro\u010dilo pa formulo \u201eM\u00f6ngke Tengri\u201c mestoma poistoveti z njim. Igor de Rachewiltz je v svojem komentarju pri Brillu (2004) to poznej\u0161o identifikacijo kriti\u010dno obravnaval.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kult in \u010da\u0161\u010denje<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khormustin <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Celota religijskih \u010da\u0161\u010denj neke bo\u017eanstva ali svete podobe.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> je bil zgodovinsko zasidran na mongolskem dvoru od \u010dasa dinastije Yuan naprej. Sistemati\u010dno ga je vklju\u010dil Kublaj Kan v okviru tibetansko-budisti\u010dnega dvornega obredja. V 17. in 18. stoletju je pod vplivom \u0161ole Gelug postal zavetnik samostanov ve\u010d bannerjev.<\/p><p>Na ljudski ravni se Khormusta pojavlja v obredih ovoo kot vrhovni naslovnik pro\u0161enj; kadilo (mongolsko <em>sang<\/em>) se mu daruje v prvih jutranjih urah, besede \u201eQormusta Tngri \u00f6ber\u00f6\u00f6\u201c (\u201eKhormusta osebno\u201c) uvajajo mnoge klice. Caroline Humphrey je to podrobno opisala v delu <em>Shamans and Elders<\/em> (1996).<\/p><p>V sodobni Mongoliji je Khormusta prisoten predvsem v samostanskem budizmu; nekateri samostani (Gandan v Ulan Bataru) izvajajo letne liturgije Khormuste. Poleg tega je del repertoarja nekaterih neotengristi\u010dnih skupin, ki ga sicer deloma marginalizirajo kot \u201epreve\u010d budisti\u010dnega\u201c.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Za\u0161\u010ditna praksa in apotropejsko<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Z religioznistvenega vidika je za\u0161\u010ditna praksa v Khormustovem kompleksu tesno povezana z budisti\u010dnim konceptom \u201eosmih velikih bogov\u201c in tantri\u010dnimi za\u0161\u010ditnimi mandalami. Obi\u010dajni apotropejski elementi so kajenje s brinom, obe\u0161anje <em>khadag<\/em> (modrih blagoslovnih ruta) in recitiranje besedila <em>Sang<\/em>. Khormusta pri tem velja za splo\u0161ni vir svetlobe, ne za specializiranega za\u0161\u010ditnega boga proti konkretnim boleznim.<\/p><p>Posebna oblika je <em>Khormusta-Sang<\/em>, liturgi\u010dno besedilo za o\u010di\u0161\u010devanje hi\u0161e in dvori\u0161\u010da, ki je izpri\u010dano v ve\u010d mongolskih tiskih (Peking, Urga) od 17. stoletja naprej. Klaus Sagaster je pripravil kriti\u010dno izdajo.<\/p><p>V ljudski praksi se Khormusta ne pojavlja kot neposredni naslovnik za\u0161\u010ditne pro\u0161nje; ljudje se raje obra\u010dajo na njegove sle ali na krajevno vezane sile Jer-Sub. Ta posredni\u0161ka struktura je zna\u010dilna za mongolsko religijo in tipolo\u0161ko ustreza katoli\u0161ki praksi, po kateri se raje nagovori svetnika kot neposredno Boga.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vzporednice v drugih kulturah<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Neposredno povezan je z Ahuro Mazdo (Iran), Indro (Indija), \u015aakro (budizem), bo\u017eanstvi centra Heng-O (Kitajska). V Sibiriji samem je precej podoben <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sl\/?page_id=160726\">\u00dclgenu<\/a>, s razliko, da je Khormusta izrazito budisti\u010dno-tantri\u010dno personaliziran.<\/p><p>Posebej zanimiva vzporednica je identifikacija s kitajskim Yuanshi Tianzunom iz daoisti\u010dne tradicije, ki jo sre\u010damo v ve\u010d mongolsko-kitajskih sinkretizmih. Christopher Atwoodova enciklopedija to identifikacijo obravnava kot primer \u201eve\u010dplastno slojevitega vrhovnega bo\u017eanstva\u201c.<\/p><p>V \u0161ir\u0161i primerjavi je Khormusta tipolo\u0161ki u\u010dni primer \u201emigracijskih bo\u017eanstev\u201c, ki ohranjajo lastno genealogijo preko ve\u010d jezikovnih in verskih meja. Tak\u0161na migracijska bo\u017eanstva so redko tako dobro dokumentirana kot Khormusta.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sodobno sprejemanje in raziskave<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Khormusta je predmet mongolistike pri Waltherju Heissigu, Klausu Sagasterju (<em>Die mongolische Religion<\/em>, 1971), Christopherju Atwoodu (<em>Encyclopedia of Mongolia<\/em>, 2004) in v ruski \u0161oli pri N. L. \u017dukovski. V sodobnem mongolskem budizmu je \u0161e danes \u017eiv; v neo-tengristi\u010dnem slovstvu pa je v\u010dasih marginaliziran kot \u201epreve\u010d budisti\u010den\u201c.<\/span><\/p><p>Posebna raziskovalna smer se ukvarja s tradicijo Khormusta-Geser kot ustno in pisno epsko obliko. Epos o Geser Khanu je prvi\u010d evropsko omenil Bruno Gallinucci leta 1716, sistemati\u010dno pa se prevaja od leta 1839 (Schmidt); raziskave Walterja Heissiga so na novo osvetlile njegov odnos do Khormuste.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>V sodobni Mongoliji je Khormusta v uradnih dr\u017eavnih slovesnostih ob 800. obletnici \u010cingiskana (2006) ponovno priklican kot \u201emongolski vrhovni bog\u201c, kar je primer, kako se v 21. stoletju prepletata zgodovina religije in identitetna politika.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Raziskovalne razprave in odprta vpra\u0161anja<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najpomembnej\u0161a raziskovalna razprava se nana\u0161a na zaporedje plasti: Je bil Khormusta najprej iranski Hormizd, ki je nato pre\u0161el v tengrijski sistem in ga je nazadnje budizem identificiral z Indro? Ali obstaja starej\u0161a avtohtona plast, v katero je bilo iransko ime naknadno vpleteno?<\/p><p>Druga razprava se vrti okoli predstave o \u201e99 tengrijih\u201c: Je to \u0161tevilo avtohtono mongolsko ali uvo\u017eeno iz budizma? Walther Heissig je argumentiral za predbudisti\u010dne korenine; novej\u0161e raziskave (P. K. Kozin) to postavljajo v dvom.<\/p><p>Nazadnje: kak\u0161en je odnos Khormuste do sibirske \u0161amanske religije? Pri Burjatih je izrazito prisoten, pri Tuvincih in Altajcih pa skoraj ne. Ta geografska asimetrija je z religioznozgodovinskega vidika zelo zanimiva in \u010daka na sistemati\u010dno raziskavo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Khormusta v religiji Notranje Mongolije<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Posebno pozornost si zaslu\u017ei polo\u017eaj Khormuste v Notranji Mongoliji (danes provinca Ljudske republike Kitajske). Tu je budisti\u010dni vpliv najmo\u010dnej\u0161i, hkrati pa se v ta prostor vpletajo kitajsko-daoisti\u010dni vplivi. Khormusta je v ve\u010d notranjemongolskih samostanih (na primer Wudangzhao) identificiran z daoisti\u010dnim Yu-Huang Shangdijem, kar je trojni <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Zlitje predstav ali bo\u017eanstev iz razli\u010dnih religioznih tradicij.\" tabindex=\"0\">sinkretizem<\/span>, ki ga zgodovinsko komajda kaj prese\u017ee.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Christopher Atwood je v svoji <em>Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire<\/em> (2004) rekonstruiral to ve\u010dplastno identifikacijo in pokazal, kako je Khormusta postal mosti\u010dek med tremi religioznimi svetovnimi nazori, iransko-zoroastrskim, indijsko-budisti\u010dnim in kitajsko-daoisti\u010dnim. Ta mosti\u0161\u010dna funkcija je znanstveno edinstvena.<\/span><\/p><p>V sodobni mongolski identitetni politiki je Khormusta deloma slavljen kot \u201eizjemen sinkretist\u201c, deloma pa kriti\u010dno obravnavan kot \u201ebudisti\u010dna nadgradnja pristnega Tengrija\u201c. Obe oceni sta religioznozgodovinsko utemeljeni in politi\u010dno zanimivi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s10 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s10\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s10h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s10h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Viri in povezava s kulturnim vozli\u0161\u010dem<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s10c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s10c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s10t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s10t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kdor \u017eeli Khormustov kompleks preu\u010diti v celoti, na pregledni strani <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sl\/sibirski-samanizem-in-tengrizem-step-in-tajga\/\">Sibirsko-tengristi\u010dna tradicija<\/a> najde najpomembnej\u0161e navzkri\u017ene povezave s sorodnimi liki, kot so <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sl\/?page_id=160723\">Tengri<\/a> (starej\u0161a plast), <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sl\/?page_id=160726\">\u00dclgen<\/a> (ju\u017enosibirska vzporednica) in <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sl\/?page_id=160732\">Asbuiga<\/a> (ni\u017eja plast pomo\u017enih duhov).<\/p><p>Nepogre\u0161ljiva standardna dela sta Waltherja Heissiga <em>Die Religionen der Mongolei<\/em> (1970) in Klausa Sagasterja <em>Die mongolische Religion<\/em> (1971). Za tradicijo Geser Khana je osrednji Brillov zvezek Walterja Heissiga (1983).<\/p><p>Knjiga N. L. \u017dukovske <em>Kategorii i simvolika tradicionnoj kul&#8217;tury mongolov<\/em> (1988) ponuja najpomembnej\u0161o rusko sintezo. Etnografska dela Caroline Humphrey iz 1990-ih in 2000-ih let dopolnjujejo sliko s sodobno poglobitvijo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s11 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s11\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s11h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s11h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Khormusta v tradiciji Geser Khana<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s11c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s11c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s11t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s11t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Poglobljeno pozornost si zaslu\u017ei vloga Khormuste v epu o Geser Khanu, enem najbolj monumentalnih ustnih juna\u0161kih epov Notranje Azije. Ep obstaja v mongolski, tibetanski in burjatski razli\u010dici; navadno obsega ve\u010d tiso\u010d verzov in se poje v ve\u010d izvajalskih no\u010deh.<\/p><p>V vseh razli\u010dicah je Khormusta nebe\u0161ki naro\u010dnik, ki po\u0161lje junaka Geserja na zemljo, da uredi svet, ki ga je iz ravnote\u017eja spravilo \u0161kodljivo bitje. Ta pripovedna funkcija tipolo\u0161ko ustreza vlogi Indre v indijskih pripovedih o avatarah.<\/p><p>Walther Heissig je ep o Geser Khanu kriti\u010dno izdal v ve\u010d zvezkih; njegov Brillov zvezek (1983) je standardna izdaja. V 21. stoletju ep do\u017eivlja renesanso v Notranji Mongoliji, kjer ga gojijo kot osrednji element mongolske kulturne identitete.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s12 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s12h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s12h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Metodolo\u0161ki premislek<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s12c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s12c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s12t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s12t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pri raziskovanju Khormuste se pojavlja ve\u010d metodolo\u0161kih problemov. Prvi\u010d: ve\u010dplastna religijska plastovitost (iranska, indijska, mongolska, kitajska) ote\u017euje jasno genealogijo. Zgodovinsko jezikoslovje ponuja nekaj opornih to\u010dk, vendar ostajajo \u0161tevilni prehodi spekulativni.<\/p><p>Drugi\u010d: budisti\u010dna plast je dobro dokumentirana (samostanska besedila, ikonografija), predbudisti\u010dna plast pa je razberljiva le posredno. Model plastovitosti Walterja Heissiga je danes deloma revidiran.<\/p><p>Tretji\u010d: sodobna praksa \u010da\u0161\u010denja Khormuste v Mongoliji in Notranji Mongoliji poteka v razli\u010dnih politi\u010dnih in religijskih okoli\u0161\u010dinah; enoten opis je metodolo\u0161ko problemati\u010den.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s13 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s13\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s13h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s13h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Khormusta v sodobni mongolski identitetni politiki<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s13c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s13c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s13t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s13t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sodobna mongolska identitetna politika namensko uporablja Khormusto kot \u201ekozmopolitskega vrhovnega boga\u201c, ki simbolizira mongolsko premo\u0161\u010devalno vlogo med Iranom, Indijo in Vzhodno Azijo. To razlago od 2010-ih let promovirajo med drugim uradne publikacije mongolskega ministrstva za kulturo.<\/p><p>Znanstveno je ta identitetna politika zanimiva: Khormusto spremeni v poosebljenje \u201emongolske kozmopolise\u201c, v kateri religijska pluralnost ni videna kot problem, temve\u010d kot mo\u010d. Ta pogled je v nasprotju z monoteisti\u010dnimi modeli identitete.<\/p><p>Caroline Humphrey je v ve\u010d razpravah opozorila, da je ta politi\u010dna prilastitev Khormuste sama religijska praksa, oblika sekularnega \u010da\u0161\u010denja, ki obstaja skupaj s samostansko tradicijo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s14 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s14\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s14h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s14h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Khormusta kot metodolo\u0161ki u\u010dni primer<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s14c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s14c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s14t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s14t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khormusta je za <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znanost, ki primerjalno in brez verske vezanosti raziskuje religije.\" tabindex=\"0\">religiologijo<\/span> izjemen metodolo\u0161ki u\u010dni primer. Ka\u017ee, kako lahko religijski pojem skozi dve tiso\u010dletji preide skozi tri jezikovne in tri religijske okoli\u0161\u010dine, ne da bi izgubil svoje funkcijske poudarke: vrhovnega boga, stvarnika, garanta svetovnega reda. Tak\u0161na stabilnost je v fenomenologiji religije redka.<\/p><p>Hkrati se njegova vsebina spreminja: iz iransko-zoroastrskega Hormizda nastane indijsko-budisti\u010dni, Indri enakovredni Khormusta, ki se nazadnje zlije z mongolsko-tengristi\u010dnim kompleksom Tengri. Ta hkratna dinamika stabilnosti in spremembe je prvovrsten \u0161tudijski primer za antropologijo religije.<\/p><p>Klaus Sagaster je to dinamiko v delu <em>Die mongolische Religion<\/em> (1971) analiziral kot modelni primer \u201ereligijskega prenosa\u201c. Christopher Atwood je v svoji enciklopediji (2004) to ugotovitev \u0161e izostril. Za mlade raziskovalce je Khormusta hvale\u017een predmet \u0161tudija.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s15 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s15\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s15h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s15h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Khormusta v mongolski samostanski literaturi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s15c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s15c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-s15t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-s15t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Poglobljeno \u0161tudijo si zaslu\u017ei mongolska samostanska literatura 17. do 19. stoletja, v kateri se Khormusta pojavlja v mnogih liturgi\u010dnih besedilih. Tiski iz Pekinga, Urge in Lhase vsebujejo besedila hvalnic Khormusti, opise <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kro\u017eni diagram, ki v hinduizmu in budizmu ponazarja kozmos.\" tabindex=\"0\">mandale<\/span> Khormuste in prevode tantri\u010dnih besedil o Khormusti iz tibetan\u0161\u010dine.<\/p><p>Klaus Sagaster je v svoji habilitacijski nalogi (1976) predstavil kriti\u010dno izdajo najpomembnej\u0161ih mongolskih besedil o Khormusti. Ta izdaja je danes eden najvrednej\u0161ih pripomo\u010dkov mongolisti\u010dne religiologije in bi jo bilo treba upo\u0161tevati pri vsakem resnem \u0161tudiju Khormuste.<\/p><p>Besedila ka\u017eejo, kako se je izvorno iransko-budisti\u010dni Khormusta v mongolski samostanski tradiciji razvil v samostojno postavo z lastnimi liturgijami, praksami in ikonografskimi konvencijami.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2047651f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2047651f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2230923b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2230923b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Budisti\u010dno preoblikovanje starega bo\u017eanstva neba<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp266018fd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp266018fd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2cafb229 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2cafb229\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ime <em>Khormusta<\/em> (mongolsko tudi <em>Qormusta<\/em>, <em>Khurmasta<\/em>) je eden od najbolj nazornih dokazov, da mongolska religijska zgodovina ni zaklju\u010dena celota, temve\u010d sestoji iz plasti razli\u010dnega izvora, ki se prekrivajo.<\/p><p>Jezikoslovno ime izvira iz iranskega <em>Ahura Mazda<\/em>, posredovanega prek sogdijskega in ujgurskega jezika. Prek manihejskih in budisti\u010dnih besedil Srednje Azije je izraz pri\u0161el v tur\u0161ko-mongolski svet, kjer se je navezal na \u017ee obstoje\u010do predstavo o vrhovnem gospodarju neba.<\/p><p>V budisti\u010dni literaturi Mongolije se Khormusta zlije z Indro, kraljem bogov indijskega panteona, ki tam nastopa kot gospodar neba <em>Trayastrimsha<\/em> in za\u0161\u010ditnik nauka.<\/p><p>Tako je iz samostojnega <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bitje, ki je v neki religiji \u010da\u0161\u010deno kot bo\u017eansko.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017eanstva<\/span> nastal knez bogov, ume\u0161\u010den v budisti\u010dni kozmolo\u0161ki model, ki sicer stoji visoko, vendar ostaja podrejen Budi in bodhisattvam. Ta umestitev ni bila naklju\u010den u\u010dinek, temve\u010d religijsko-politi\u010dno namerna: \u0161irjenje tibetanskega budizma od 16. stoletja je zahtevalo, da se starej\u0161ih bo\u017eanstev neba ne izpodrine, temve\u010d se jih hierarhi\u010dno podredi.<\/p><p>Z virsko-kriti\u010dnega vidika je treba poudariti, da skoraj vsa pisna pri\u010devanja o Khormusti izvirajo iz budisti\u010dno zaznamovanih okoli\u0161\u010din, na primer iz zaklicev epa o Geserju ali iz obred\u043d\u0438\u0445 rokopisov. Predbudisti\u010dno podobo te postave je iz tega mogo\u010de razbrati le posredno.<\/p><p>Raziskovalci, kot je Walther Heissig, so opozorili, da devetin\u0161tirideset ali triintrideset Tengrijev, omenjenih v epu, na \u010delu katerih stoji Khormusta, predstavlja sekundarno sistematizacijo, ki je verjetno nastala \u0161ele ob sre\u010danju z indijsko-budisti\u010dno shemo \u0161tevil bo\u017eanstev.<\/p><p>Za razumevanje sibirsko-tengristi\u010dnega <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prena\u0161anje znanja in pripovedi skozi generacije.\" tabindex=\"0\">izro\u010dila<\/span> to pomeni: Khormusta zgledno ka\u017ee, da <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sl\/sibirski-samanizem-in-tengrizem-step-in-tajga\/\">tengrizem<\/a> ni bil stati\u010den sistem, temve\u010d prehoden prostor, ki je sprejemal tuja imena in koncepte ter jih povezoval z lastnimi predstavami. Kdor to postavo razlaga izolirano kot povsem mongolsko, spregleda zgodovino srednjeazijskega posredovanja, ki je \u0161e danes vidna v njenem imenu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (izbor)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Walther Heissig: <em>Die Religionen der Mongolei<\/em> (1970)<\/li><li>Klaus Sagaster: <em>Die mongolische Religion<\/em> (1971)<\/li><li>Christopher Atwood: <em>Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire<\/em> (2004)<\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Igor de Rachewiltz: <em>The Secret History of the Mongols<\/em> (Brill, 2004)<\/span><\/li><li>N. L. \u017dukovskaja: <em>Kategorii i simvolika tradicionnoj kul&#8217;tury mongolov<\/em> (1988)<\/li><li>Caroline Humphrey: <em>Shamans and Elders<\/em> (1996)<\/li><li>Roberte Hamayon: <em>La chasse \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e2me<\/em> (1990)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-khormusta e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-khormusta\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-khormusta-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-khormusta-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Izro\u010dena pripoved o bogovih, izvorih in ureditvi sveta.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mit<\/span><\/strong> o Khormusti povezuje tengristi\u010dne predstave o nebu z budisti\u010dnimi plastmi; najpomembnej\u0161i <strong>viri<\/strong> so mongolske kronike, epi o Geserju in ritualna besedila s tibetanskimi vplivi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Sorodni klju\u010dni pojmi: Khormusta Qormusta Tngri Geser-Khan Ahura Mazda Indra mongolski vrhovni bog.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-khormusta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard in tradicije za\u0161\u010dite<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard se navezuje na kulturnozgodovinsko tradicijo nosljivih za\u0161\u010ditnih predmetov, po zgledu tradicije <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sl\/sibirski-samanizem-in-tengrizem-step-in-tajga\/\">Sibirije \/ tengrizma<\/a> in \u0161tevilnih drugih kultur po svetu. 41 ravni, pravo zlato, platina, srebro, izdelano v Nem\u010diji. 30-dnevna pravica do vra\u010dila.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-ccb iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-ccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=wesen-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">Ve\u010d o iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">Ve\u010d o iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-ccb .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-ccb .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-ccb .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Osebne izku\u0161nje se lahko razlikujejo. Ni medicinski pripomo\u010dek. Brez obljube o ozdravitvi.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-khormusta-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-khormusta-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard <strong>ni medicinski pripomo\u010dek<\/strong> in ne nadome\u0161\u010da zdravni\u0161ke ali psihoterapevtske obravnave. Religiologske vsebine so kulturnozgodovinska umestitev, ne priporo\u010dilo za duhovno prakso.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2863,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Khormusta mongolski vrhovni bog","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Khormusta \u2013 Mongolski vrhovni bog, mit in viri","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Khormusta je najvi\u0161ji nebe\u0161ki bog Mongolov, zlitje iransko-budisti\u010dnih in tengristi\u010dnih plasti. Mit in viri.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"1","wesen_kultur":"sibirisch-tengrismus","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-160728","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Khormusta \u2013 Mongolski vrhovni bog, mit in viri<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Khormusta je najvi\u0161ji nebe\u0161ki bog Mongolov, zlitje iransko-budisti\u010dnih in tengristi\u010dnih plasti. 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