{"id":158003,"date":"2026-09-04T22:20:33","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T22:20:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=158003"},"modified":"2026-09-04T22:48:14","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T22:48:14","slug":"rahka-otec-boh-saamskeho-nabozenstva","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/rahka-otec-boh-saamskeho-nabozenstva\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e1hka &#8211; Otec-boh saamsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"158003\" class=\"elementor elementor-158003 elementor-2666 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-hero\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-hl e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-hl\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-htxt e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-htxt\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">R\u00e1hka - Boh stvorite\u013e a otcovsk\u00fd princ\u00edp saamsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-lead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-lead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>R\u00e1hka alebo Radien-\u00c1h\u010d\u010di je v saamskom n\u00e1bo\u017eenstve najvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed otec-boh a stvorite\u013e. Stoj\u00ed na vrchole pante\u00f3nu a d\u00e1va ostatn\u00fdm bo\u017estv\u00e1m moc a poriadok. Z religionistick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska patr\u00ed do triedy odtiahnut\u00fdch vysok\u00fdch bohov (Deus otiosus), ktor\u00fdch konkr\u00e9tna \u00facta je menej v\u00fdrazn\u00e1 ne\u017e ich teologick\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-pillc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-pillc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-pills elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-pills\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Boh trad\u00edcie Sami.\">Boh<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/sami-a-finsko-ugorska-tradicia-noaidi-buben\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mytol\u00f3gia trad\u00edcie Sami.\">Sami<\/a><span class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Stvorite\u013e a otec-boh.\">Stvorite\u013e a otec-boh<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-tocc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-tocc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-toc elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-toc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na tejto str\\u00e1nke sa nena\\u0161li \\u017eiadne nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-raehka-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-raehka-toc\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__iwgw-raehka-toc\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-hr e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-hr\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-heroimg iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-heroimg\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_raehka-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-159757\" alt=\"Raehka - bohovia zo s\u00e1mskej trad\u00edcie, historicko-ilustra\u010dn\u00e9 zobrazenie\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_raehka-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_raehka-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_raehka-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_sami_raehka.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-sec-iwgcomp2-raehka elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"sec-iwgcomp2-raehka\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-col-iwgcomp2-raehka\" data-id=\"col-iwgcomp2-raehka\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcomp2-raehka elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcomp2-raehka\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>R\u00e1hka je pova\u017eovan\u00fd za <strong>boha stvorite\u013ea<\/strong> a otcovsk\u00fd princ\u00edp saamsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-sec-iwgcomp-raehka elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"sec-iwgcomp-raehka\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-col-iwgcomp-raehka\" data-id=\"col-iwgcomp-raehka\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcomp-raehka elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcomp-raehka\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>R\u00e1hka je pova\u017eovan\u00fd za <strong>otca-boha<\/strong> a stvorite\u013ea v saamskom n\u00e1bo\u017eenstve a dopl\u0148uje matersk\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fahrn v\u0161etk\u00fdch bohov n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva alebo kult\u00fary.\" tabindex=\"0\">pante\u00f3n<\/span> o Maderakku a jej dc\u00e9ry.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s0h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s0h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zaradenie a stru\u010dn\u00fd profil<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s0c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s0c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s0t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s0t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>R\u00e1hka, v prame\u0148och naz\u00fdvan\u00fd aj Radien-\u00c1h\u010d\u010di, Radien-Attje alebo Veralden-Olmm\u00e1i, je najvy\u0161\u0161ia mu\u017esk\u00e1 postava predkres\u0165ansk\u00e9ho <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/sami-a-finsko-ugorska-tradicia-noaidi-buben\/\">saamsk\u00e9ho<\/a> n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva. Jeho meno znamen\u00e1 doslova vl\u00e1dnuci otec alebo mu\u017e svet\u0430.<\/p><p>Z religionistick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska patr\u00ed R\u00e1hka do triedy odtiahnut\u00fdch vysok\u00fdch bohov, ktor\u00ed s\u00edce stoja na vrchole pante\u00f3nu, ale v konkr\u00e9tnom <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fahrn v\u0161etk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00factov\u00fdch \u00fakonov vo\u010di bo\u017estvu alebo sv\u00e4tej postave.\" tabindex=\"0\">kulte<\/span> s\u00fa menej pr\u00edtomn\u00ed ne\u017e ich synovia, dc\u00e9ry alebo funk\u010dne \u0161pecializovan\u00ed podriaden\u00ed bohovia. T\u00e1to kon\u0161tel\u00e1cia je religionistickofenomenologicky dolo\u017een\u00e1 v mnoh\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00e1ch po celom svete.<\/p><p>Jeho syn Radien-Pardne je v niektor\u00fdch prame\u0148och zobrazen\u00fd ako v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 moc otca. T\u00e1to kon\u0161tel\u00e1cia otec-syn sp\u00f4sobila v kres\u0165anskej misii zm\u00e4tok, preto\u017ee pripom\u00ednala kres\u0165ansk\u00e9 trinit\u00e1rne kateg\u00f3rie a bola s\u010dasti takto reinterpretovan\u00e1. T\u00e1to reinterpret\u00e1cia si vy\u017eaduje kritick\u00fa vedeck\u00fa reflexiu.<\/p><p>Na R\u00e1hkovi je zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 zrete\u013en\u00e9, ak\u00fd prepracovan\u00fd metodick\u00fd pr\u00edstup je potrebn\u00fd: etnografick\u00e1 presnos\u0165, jazykovedn\u00e1 kritika prame\u0148ov a komparat\u00edvna perspekt\u00edva musia spolup\u00f4sobi\u0165, aby sa t\u00e1to viacn\u00e1sobne naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 postava vysok\u00e9ho boha dala presne uchopi\u0165. Saamsk\u00ed vedci a vedkyne sa dnes na tejto pr\u00e1ci sami podie\u013eaj\u00fa a opravuj\u00fa star\u0161ie z\u00e1padn\u00e9 interpret\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 niekedy nes\u00fa koloni\u00e1lne rysy.<\/p><p>Ako odtiahnut\u00fd vysok\u00fd boh sa R\u00e1hka zara\u010fuje do cirkumpol\u00e1rnej n\u00e1bo\u017eenskej topografie, ktor\u00e1 na dlh\u00e9 vzdialenosti vykazuje opakuj\u00facu sa \u0161trukt\u00faru. T\u00e1to \u0161truktur\u00e1lna st\u00e1los\u0165 na tis\u00edcoch kilometrov patr\u00ed k najn\u00e1padnej\u0161\u00edm zisteniam komparat\u00edvnej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Veda, ktor\u00e1 b\u00e1d\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva komparat\u00edvne a bez vyznania.\" tabindex=\"0\">religionistiky<\/span> a je st\u00e1le predmetom prebiehaj\u00facich diskusi\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s1h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s1h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Meno a etymol\u00f3gia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s1c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s1c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s1t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s1t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Meno R\u00e1hka poch\u00e1dza zo staro-saamsk\u00e9ho kore\u0148a s v\u00fdznamom vl\u00e1dnu\u0165 alebo panova\u0165. Variant Radien s\u00favis\u00ed so staron\u00f3rskym <em>r\u00e1\u00f0<\/em>, \u010do znamen\u00e1 rada alebo moc. T\u00e1to dvojit\u00e1 menovitos\u0165 odkazuje na mo\u017en\u00fa \u0161kandin\u00e1vsko-saamsk\u00fa jazykov\u00fa interakciu.<\/p><p>Ozna\u010denie Veralden-Olmm\u00e1i znamen\u00e1 doslova mu\u017e svet\u0430 alebo mu\u017e sveta a zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje jeho kozmologick\u00fd v\u00fdznam ako str\u00e1\u017ecu svetov\u00e9ho poriadku. T\u00e1to dvoj- a trojmenovitos\u0165 je religionisticko-fenomenologicky charakteristickou zvl\u00e1\u0161tnos\u0165ou saamskej trad\u00edcie a rob\u00ed presn\u00fa identifik\u00e1ciu postavy v prame\u0148och n\u00e1ro\u010dnou.<\/p><p>Etymologicky je kore\u0148 <em>radien<\/em> pr\u00edbuzn\u00fd so staroskandin\u00e1vskymi pojmami, \u010do poukazuje na star\u00fa kontaktn\u00fa z\u00f3nu. N\u00e1bo\u017eenskohistorick\u00e1 diskusia o miere \u0161kandin\u00e1vskeho vplyvu na saamsk\u00e9 predstavy je star\u00e1 a definit\u00edvne nevyrie\u0161en\u00e1.<\/p><p>Z h\u013eadiska religionistickej sociol\u00f3gie sa vyn\u00e1ra ot\u00e1zka, ak\u00fa funkciu zohr\u00e1val vysok\u00fd boh ako R\u00e1hka v spolo\u010denskom poriadku tradi\u010dnej saamskej komunity, hoci v konkr\u00e9tnom <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fahrn v\u0161etk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00factov\u00fdch \u00fakonov vo\u010di bo\u017estvu alebo sv\u00e4tej postave.\" tabindex=\"0\">kulte<\/span> sk\u00f4r ustupoval do \u00fazadia.<\/p><p>Aj tu zost\u00e1vala n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00fara \u00fazko previazan\u00e1 so spolo\u010denskou praxou. Toto prepojenie tvor\u00ed samostatn\u00e9 religionisticko-antropologick\u00e9 b\u00e1date\u013esk\u00e9 pole, ktor\u00e9 systematicky sk\u00famali predov\u0161etk\u00fdm H\u00e5kan Rydving a Konsta Kaikkonen.<\/p><p>\u010eal\u0161\u00edm rozmerom je v\u00fdznam R\u00e1hku pre s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fa saamsk\u00fa identit\u00e1rnu politiku. So samospr\u00e1vou S\u00e1mi a medzin\u00e1rodnopr\u00e1vnym uznan\u00edm pr\u00e1v p\u00f4vodn\u00fdch obyvate\u013eov sa tradi\u010dn\u00e9 bo\u017estv\u00e1 ako otcovsk\u00fd princ\u00edp R\u00e1hka op\u00e4\u0165 dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa viac do povedomia. Ako spolu s\u00favisia politick\u00e9 uznanie a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd v\u00fdskum, je samostatn\u00e1 oblas\u0165, ktorej veda v posledn\u00fdch rokoch venuje v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu v\u00e1hu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s2h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s2h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Popis a ikonografia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s2t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s2t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>R\u00e1hka je v etnografick\u00fdch prame\u0148och popisovan\u00fd ako star\u00fd, mudrc, siln\u00fd mu\u017e, ktor\u00fd dohliada na nebo a zem. Do diania zasahuje zriedka priamo, nech\u00e1va kona\u0165 svojich podriaden\u00fdch bohov a pomocn\u00fdch duchov.<\/p><p>Na saamsk\u00fdch \u0161amansk\u00fdch bubnoch je R\u00e1hka naj\u010dastej\u0161ie zobrazen\u00fd v hornej \u010dasti, \u010dasto ako sediaca alebo stojaca mu\u017esk\u00e1 postava, niekedy s korunou, niekedy s palicou. Ernst Manker t\u00fato ikonografiu systematicky zdokumentoval vo svojich \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch o bubnoch.<\/p><p>Ikonografick\u00e1 poloha v hornej \u010dasti bubna zodpoved\u00e1 teologickej hierarchii. Z vedeck\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska je ikonografia bubnov jedn\u00fdm z najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edch dom\u00e1cich prame\u0148ov pre saamsk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo a dopl\u0148uje p\u00edsomn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy mision\u00e1rov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa \u010dasto pejorat\u00edvne a tenden\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s3h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s3h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stvorenie a svetov\u00fd poriadok<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s3t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s3t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V niektor\u00fdch saamsk\u00fdch stvorite\u013esk\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1vaniach je R\u00e1hka p\u00f4vodcom svet\u0430. Stvoril nebo, zem, zvierat\u00e1 a \u013eud\u00ed. Podrobnosti t\u00fdchto stvorite\u013esk\u00fdch predst\u00e1v sa region\u00e1lne l\u00ed\u0161ia a v prame\u0148och nie s\u00fa systematicky zdokumentovan\u00e9.<\/p><p>Z vedeck\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska nie je stvorite\u013esk\u00e1 koncepcia S\u00e1mov rozvinutou kozmog\u00f3niou ako napr\u00edklad staroseversk\u00e1 Edda, ale sk\u00f4r dif\u00faznym pozad\u00edm rozpr\u00e1vania, ktor\u00e9 sa men\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti od kontextu. T\u00e1to dif\u00faznos\u0165 je religionistickofenomenologicky typick\u00e1 pre \u00fastne tradovan\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00e1 bez kodifikovanej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Vedeck\u00e1 n\u00e1uka o Bohu a viere n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva.\" tabindex=\"0\">teol\u00f3gie<\/span>.<\/p><p>Svetov\u00fd poriadok udr\u017eiava R\u00e1hka, ale len zriedka do\u0148ho priamo zasahuje. Ke\u010f je poriadok naru\u0161en\u00fd, napr\u00edklad poru\u0161en\u00edm tabu, zasahuj\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed bohovia, nie samotn\u00fd R\u00e1hka. T\u00e1to deleg\u00e1cia aktivity je religionisticko-fenomenologicky typick\u00e1 pre odtiahnut\u00fdch vrchn\u00fdch bohov.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s4h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s4h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kult a uctievanie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s4c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s4t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s4t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Priama \u00facta k R\u00e1hkovi bola menej v\u00fdrazn\u00e1 ne\u017e \u00facta k Beaivimu alebo Akkam. \u0160amani ho vz\u00fdvali pri obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch pr\u00edle\u017eitostiach, napr\u00edklad pri ve\u013ek\u00fdch \u017eivotn\u00fdch zvratoch alebo pri \u0165a\u017ek\u00fdch kr\u00edzach spolo\u010denstva. V be\u017enom \u017eivote hral men\u0161iu \u00falohu.<\/p><p>Pri kame\u0148och sieidi, sv\u00e4t\u00fdch obetn\u00fdch miestach, bol R\u00e1hka ob\u010das pr\u00edjemcom obet\u00edn, \u010dastej\u0161ie v\u0161ak boli pr\u00edjemcami <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=158001\">Beaivi<\/a>, Akky a \u0161pecializovan\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00ed bohovia. T\u00e1to asymetria kultovej praxe je religionisticko-fenomenologicky typick\u00e1 pre vrchn\u00fdch bohov tohto typu.<\/p><p>Z vedeck\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska je asymetria medzi teologick\u00fdm v\u00fdznamom a konkr\u00e9tnou kultovou praxou samostatn\u00fdm fenom\u00e9nom, ktor\u00fd Mircea Eliade pop\u00edsal ako typick\u00fd znak deus otiosus. R\u00e1hka je paradigmatick\u00fdm pr\u00edpadom tejto kon\u0161tel\u00e1cie v cirkumpol\u00e1rnych dejin\u00e1ch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s5h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s5h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">R\u00e1hka a jeho syn Radien-Pardne<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s5c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s5t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s5t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V niektor\u00fdch prame\u0148och je R\u00e1hka \u00fazko spojen\u00fd so svoj\u00edm synom Radien-Pardnem, ktor\u00fd vystupuje ako v\u00fdkonn\u00e1 moc otca. Zatia\u013e \u010do R\u00e1hka predstavuje odtiahnut\u00fd poriadok, Radien-Pardne akt\u00edvne zasahuje do svetov\u00e9ho diania.<\/p><p>T\u00e1to kon\u0161tel\u00e1cia otec-syn viedla v mision\u00e1rskej literat\u00fare ob\u010das k prenosom kres\u0165anskej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Vedeck\u00e1 n\u00e1uka o Bohu a viere n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva.\" tabindex=\"0\">teol\u00f3gie<\/span> otca a syna. Z vedeck\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska treba tento v\u00fdklad hodnoti\u0165 kriticky, preto\u017ee prekr\u00fdva p\u00f4vodn\u00fa dom\u00e1cu kon\u0161tel\u00e1ciu a skres\u013euje jej p\u00f4vodn\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/p><p>H\u00e5kan Rydving vo svojich pr\u00e1cach uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee kon\u0161tel\u00e1cia otec-syn mala v predkres\u0165anskom saamskom n\u00e1bo\u017eenstve vlastn\u00fa logiku, ktor\u00fa nemo\u017eno postihn\u00fa\u0165 kres\u0165ansk\u00fdmi kateg\u00f3riami trojice. Toto metodick\u00e9 objasnenie je pre vedeck\u00e9 spracovanie k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s6h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s6h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Porovnanie s in\u00fdmi vrchn\u00fdmi bohmi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s6c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s6c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s6t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s6t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>R\u00e1hka patr\u00ed do triedy odtiahnut\u00fdch vrchn\u00fdch bohov, ktor\u00ed sa vyskytuj\u00fa v mnoh\u00fdch domorod\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00e1ch Eur\u00e1zie a Severnej Ameriky. \u0160truktur\u00e1lne porovnate\u013en\u00ed s\u00fa f\u00ednsky Ukko (vo svojej vrchnobo\u017eskej variante), neneckyj Num, \u010dukotsk\u00fd Tenerj alebo severoamerick\u00fd P\u00e1n \u017eivota niektor\u00fdch algonkinsk\u00fdch trad\u00edci\u00ed.<\/p><p>T\u00e1to kon\u0161tel\u00e1cia deus otiosus je religionisticko-fenomenologicky vlastn\u00fdm \u0161truktur\u00e1lnym vzorom, ktor\u00fd Mircea Eliade systematicky pop\u00edsal v porovn\u00e1vacej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Veda, ktor\u00e1 sk\u00fama n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00e1 porovn\u00e1vac\u00edm sp\u00f4sobom a bez v\u00e4zby na vieru.\" tabindex=\"0\">religionistike<\/span>. Eliadeho koncept je sporn\u00fd, ale pre anal\u00fdzu R\u00e1hku m\u00e1 heuristick\u00fa hodnotu.<\/p><p>Na rozdiel od stredomorsk\u00fdch vrchn\u00fdch bohov Zeusa alebo Jupitera nie je R\u00e1hka bojovn\u00fd, erotick\u00fd ani akt\u00edvne p\u00f4sobiaci v dramatick\u00fdch m\u00fdtoch. Je to pokojn\u00e1, stabiln\u00e1 instancia na pozad\u00ed, ktor\u00e1 zabezpe\u010duje poriadok bez toho, aby do\u0148ho neust\u00e1le zasahovala. T\u00e1to pokojn\u00e1 vrchn\u00e1 bo\u017eskos\u0165 je religionisticko-fenomenologicky vlastn\u00fdm fenom\u00e9nom.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s7h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s7h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Misia a vytl\u00e1\u010danie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s7c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s7c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s7t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s7t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kres\u0165ansk\u00e1 misia stoto\u017enila R\u00e1hku \u010diasto\u010dne s Bohom Otcom, \u010do u\u013eah\u010dilo prechodov\u00fa teol\u00f3giu misionovan\u00fdch S\u00e1mov, ale zahladilo \u0161pecifick\u00fd saamsk\u00fd v\u00fdznam. T\u00e1to identifik\u00e1cia nie je z vedeck\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska jednoduch\u00fdm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Zl\u00fa\u010denie predst\u00e1v alebo bo\u017estiev z r\u00f4znych n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch trad\u00edci\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">synkretizmom<\/span>, ale vedomou misijnou strategickou vo\u013ebou.<\/p><p>V luter\u00e1nskych k\u00e1z\u0148ach 17. a 18. storo\u010dia bol R\u00e1hka niekedy prezentovan\u00fd ako ne\u00fapln\u00e9 pohansk\u00e9 predzvestie prav\u00e9ho kres\u0165ansk\u00e9ho Boha Otca. Tento v\u00fdklad bol efekt\u00edvnou misijnou strategiou, ktor\u00e1 p\u00f4vodn\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo utlmila bez toho, aby ho \u00faplne odstr\u00e1nila.<\/p><p>Z vedeck\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska je t\u00e1to hist\u00f3ria misie vlastnou oblas\u0165ou v\u00fdskumu, ktor\u00e1 formovala postkoloni\u00e1lne spracovanie saamsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva v posledn\u00fdch desa\u0165ro\u010diach. Znovuobjavenie R\u00e1hku ako samostatn\u00e9ho saamsk\u00e9ho vrchn\u00e9ho boha je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou tohto spracovania.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s8h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s8h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u00fdskum a s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd stav<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s8t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s8t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u00fdskum R\u00e1hku je dnes \u0161iroko rozvinut\u00fd. H\u00e5kan Rydving, Juha Pentik\u00e4inen, Anna Lia Berthelsen a Konsta Kaikkonen systematicky presk\u00famali tohto vrchn\u00e9ho boha a vypracovali jeho \u0161pecificky saamsk\u00fa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Vedeck\u00e1 n\u00e1uka o Bohu a viere n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva.\" tabindex=\"0\">teol\u00f3giu<\/span>.<\/p><p>V s\u00fa\u010dasnej saamskej kult\u00fare je R\u00e1hka menej pr\u00edtomn\u00fd ne\u017e Beaivi alebo Akky, objavuje sa v\u0161ak v saamskej literat\u00fare a vo v\u00fdtvarnom umen\u00ed. Texty joikov ho pr\u00edle\u017eitostne spom\u00ednaj\u00fa, bez toho, aby ho postavili do centra.<\/p><p>Vedeck\u00e9 spracovanie R\u00e1hku je v procese. Konkr\u00e9tne v\u00fdskumn\u00e9 medzery existuj\u00fa v presnom region\u00e1lnom rozl\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed a vo vz\u0165ahu k in\u00fdm saamsk\u00fdm mu\u017esk\u00fdm bo\u017estv\u00e1m, ako s\u00fa Horagalles alebo Tiermes. Tieto medzery by mal \u010fal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskum rie\u0161i\u0165.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s9h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s9h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kr\u00ed\u017eov\u00e9 odkazy v lexik\u00f3ne<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-s9t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-s9t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>R\u00e1hka sa sp\u00e1ja s <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=158001\">Beaivim<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=158002\">M\u00e1nnu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=158004\">Stallom<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=158005\">Sara-Akkou<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=158006\">Uksakkou<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=158007\">Juksakkou<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=158008\">Madderakkou<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=158009\">Jabmiidaibmu<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=158010\">Saivom<\/a>. Kult\u00farny uzol <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/sami-a-finsko-ugorska-tradicia-noaidi-buben\/\">Saamsk\u00e1 trad\u00edcia<\/a> r\u00e1mcuje dejiny n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva. \u0160truktur\u00e1lne podobn\u00ed odtiahnut\u00ed vrchn\u00ed bohovia sa vyskytuj\u00fa v mnoh\u00fdch domorod\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00e1ch Eur\u00e1zie a Severnej Ameriky a v religionistickej fenomenol\u00f3gii s\u00fa popisovan\u00ed ako deus otiosus.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp27454cbb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp27454cbb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2de9464a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2de9464a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Situ\u00e1cia s prame\u0148mi a probl\u00e9m z\u00e1pisu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2d7058cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2d7058cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp22ea370e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp22ea370e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>O saamsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch predstav\u00e1ch je zn\u00e1me len ve\u013emi fragment\u00e1rne a prostredn\u00edctvom silne naru\u0161en\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzd\u00e1vanie vedomost\u00ed a rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed z gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u00fastneho podania<\/span>. Saamske jazyky sa a\u017e do novoveku nezapisovali a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e1 trad\u00edcia bola \u00fastna.<\/p><p>\u010co je dnes o jednotliv\u00fdch postav\u00e1ch, ako je Raehka, uchopite\u013en\u00e9, poch\u00e1dza v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou zo z\u00e1pisov mision\u00e1rov, far\u00e1rov a cestovate\u013eov 17. a 18. storo\u010dia, ktor\u00e9 vznikli v r\u00e1mci \u010dasto n\u00e1silnej christianiz\u00e1cie severnej Skandin\u00e1vie.<\/p><p>\u00dastredn\u00fdmi prame\u0148mi tohto druhu s\u00fa spr\u00e1vy n\u00f3rskych a \u0161v\u00e9dskych mision\u00e1rov, ako bol Thomas von Westen a jeho spolupracovn\u00edci, a takisto z\u00e1pisy zachovan\u00e9 v rukopisoch, ako je takzvan\u00fd N\u00e6r\u00f8ysk\u00fd rukopis.<\/p><p>Tieto texty sledovali v\u00fdslovn\u00fd cie\u013e pop\u00edsa\u0165 saamsk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo, aby ho bolo mo\u017en\u00e9 potl\u00e1\u010da\u0165. Ich pojmy s\u00fa t\u00fdm skreslen\u00e9: bo\u017estv\u00e1 s\u00fa niekedy d\u00e9monizovan\u00e9, niekedy prep\u00edsan\u00e9 kres\u0165ansk\u00fdmi kateg\u00f3riami, a region\u00e1lne rozdiely medzi r\u00f4znymi saamskymi skupinami s\u00fa zotieran\u00e9.<\/p><p>K tomu sa prid\u00e1va, \u017ee t\u00e1 ist\u00e1 alebo podobn\u00e1 postava sa v r\u00f4znych regi\u00f3noch objavuje pod r\u00f4znymi menami a \u017ee pravopis sa v\u00fdrazne men\u00ed, preto\u017ee zapisovatelia zaznamen\u00e1vali hl\u00e1sky saamsk\u00fdch jazykov len pribli\u017ene. Jednozna\u010dn\u00e9, nadregion\u00e1lne platn\u00e9 tvrdenie o Raehke teda nie je mo\u017en\u00e9.<\/p><p>Religionisti ako H\u00e5kan Rydving upozornili, \u017ee u\u017e samotn\u00e1 predstava uzavret\u00e9ho saamsk\u00e9ho pante\u00f3nu m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 kon\u0161trukciou vych\u00e1dzaj\u00facou z prame\u0148ov. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 zaoberanie sa Raehkou mus\u00ed pomenova\u0165 t\u00fato dvojit\u00fa neistotu: medzernatos\u0165 dokladov a ich vznik v kontexte \u00fatlaku.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp20882ba7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp20882ba7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2af949a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2af949a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Postavy na \u0161amansk\u00fdch bubnoch a v\u00fdklad obrazov\u00fdch znakov<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2bdb8657 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2bdb8657\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp25437e13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp25437e13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Osobitn\u00fdm druhom prame\u0148ov o saamsk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch predstav\u00e1ch s\u00fa \u010darovn\u00e9 bubny, saamsky pod\u013ea jazyka <em>goavddis<\/em> alebo <em>meavrresg\u00e1rri<\/em>. Na svojej membr\u00e1ne mali ma\u013eovan\u00e9 ochrovou farbou postavy, ktor\u00e9 predstavovali kozmologick\u00e9 oblasti, bo\u017estva, zvierat\u00e1 a krajinn\u00e9 prvky. Pri ritu\u00e1lnom pou\u017eit\u00ed sa po t\u00fdchto poliach pohyboval ukazovate\u013e a jeho pohyb sa vykladal.<\/p><p>Zachovalo sa nieko\u013eko desiatok tak\u00fdchto bubnov, mnoh\u00e9 z nich boli v 17. a 18. storo\u010d\u00ed skonfi\u0161kovan\u00e9 \u00faradmi a mision\u00e1rmi a odvezen\u00e9 do eur\u00f3pskych zbierok. Ernst Manker ich v 30. a\u017e 50. rokoch 20. storo\u010dia katalogizoval a sna\u017eil sa systematizova\u0165 obrazov\u00e9 znaky.<\/p><p>Pri tom sa uk\u00e1zal z\u00e1sadn\u00fd probl\u00e9m: v\u00fdklady jednotliv\u00fdch post\u00e1v poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa takmer v\u00fdhradne od vonkaj\u0161\u00edch zapisovate\u013eov, nie od samotn\u00fdch majite\u013eov bubnov, a \u010dasto si vz\u00e1jomne odporuj\u00fa.<\/p><p>\u010ci je ur\u010dit\u00fa postavu na bubne mo\u017en\u00e9 identifikova\u0165 s Raehkou, sa preto v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou ned\u00e1 spo\u013eahlivo rozhodn\u00fa\u0165. S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 popisy prira\u010fuj\u00fa ten ist\u00fd typ postavy na r\u00f4znych bubnoch r\u00f4znym bytostiam, a region\u00e1lne maliarske trad\u00edcie sa v\u00fdrazne l\u00ed\u0161ia.<\/p><p>Bubny s\u00edce dokazuj\u00fa, \u017ee saamsk\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo disponovalo bohat\u00fdm obrazov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom, neposkytuj\u00fa v\u0161ak priamy pr\u00edstup k jednotlivej postave.<\/p><p>Pre Raehku to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee trad\u00edciu bubnov je mo\u017en\u00e9 uvies\u0165 ako mo\u017en\u00e9 pozadie, bez toho, aby sa konkr\u00e9tne obrazov\u00e9 doklady dali jednozna\u010dne priradi\u0165. S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fd saamsk\u00fd v\u00fdskum \u010doraz viac spolupracuje s potomkami tradi\u010dn\u00fdch spolo\u010denstiev, namiesto toho, aby iba pokra\u010doval v star\u00fdch katal\u00f3goch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-lit e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-lit\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-lith elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-lith\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literat\u00fara (v\u00fdber)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-litc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-litc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-litt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-litt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>H\u00e5kan Rydving: <em>The End of Drum-Time<\/em> (Uppsala 1993)<\/li><li>Juha Pentik\u00e4inen: <em>Saamelaiset. Pohjoisen kansan mytologia<\/em> (Helsinki 1995)<\/li><li>Ernst Manker: <em>Die Lappische Zaubertrommel<\/em> (Stockholm 1938-1950)<\/li><li>Johannes Schefferus: <em>Lapponia<\/em> (Frankfurt 1673)<\/li><li>Konsta Kaikkonen: <em>Sami Pre-Christian Religion<\/em> (Helsinki 2020)<\/li><li>Mircea Eliade: <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd syst\u00e9m, v ktorom \u0161pecialisti komunikuj\u00fa s duchovn\u00fdm svetom.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0160amanizmus<\/span> a archaick\u00e9 techniky ext\u00e1zy<\/em> (Stuttgart 1957)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-kwd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-kwd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-kwdc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-kwdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-kwdt elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-kwdt\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>S\u00favisiace k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 pojmy: R\u00e1hka Radien-\u00c1h\u010d\u010di Radien-Attje Veralden-Olmm\u00e1i Sami boh otec Stvorite\u013e Deus otiosus.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-raehka\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-ccinner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-ccinner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-cch elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-cch\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">iWell Guard a ochrann\u00e9 trad\u00edcie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-cct elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-cct\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard nadv\u00e4zuje na kult\u00farno-historick\u00fa trad\u00edciu prenosn\u00fdch ochrann\u00fdch predmetov, v 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0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-ccb .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-ccb .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-ccd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-ccd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Osobn\u00e9 sk\u00fasenosti sa m\u00f4\u017eu 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Nie je to zdravotn\u00edcka pom\u00f4cka. \u017diadny pr\u00eds\u013eub lie\u010denia.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-disc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-disc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgw-raehka-discw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"iwgw-raehka-discw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<footer data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-disclaimer-block\"><p data-nosnippet=\"true\">iWell Guard <strong>nie je zdravotn\u00edcka pom\u00f4cka<\/strong> a nenahr\u00e1dza lek\u00e1rske ani psychoterapeutick\u00e9 o\u0161etrenie. Religionistick\u00fd obsah predstavuje kult\u00farno-historick\u00e9 zaradenie, nie odpor\u00fa\u010danie duchovnej praxe.<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2894,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"R\u00e1hka saamsk\u00fd otec-boh","_yoast_wpseo_title":"R\u00e1hka - Otec-boh a stvorite\u013e Saamov","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"R\u00e1hka, Radien-\u00c1h\u010d\u010di, je otec-boh a stvorite\u013e saamsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva. 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