{"id":157826,"date":"2026-09-04T22:18:04","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T22:18:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=157826"},"modified":"2026-09-04T22:43:24","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T22:43:24","slug":"mars","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/","title":{"rendered":"Mars"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"157826\" class=\"elementor elementor-157826 elementor-2128 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mars, boh r\u00edmskej trad\u00edcie<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mars je boh vojny a bojovej sily v r\u00edmskej trad\u00edcii. Ako otec Romula je pova\u017eovan\u00fd za ochrann\u00e9ho patr\u00f3na dynastie a samotnej R\u00edmskej r\u00ed\u0161e, \u010do mu prin\u00e1\u0161alo osobitn\u00fa \u00factu. Z religionistick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska je Mars pr\u00edkladom premeny boha ochrany po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva na \u0161t\u00e1tneho boha, a t\u00fdm aj pr\u00edkladom politickej premeny kultov.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Boh \/ bohy\u0148a: Personifikovan\u00e1 najvy\u0161\u0161ia moc v pante\u00f3ne kult\u00fary, s jasne ur\u010den\u00fdmi zodpovednos\u0165ami, pr\u00edrodn\u00fdmi silami, osudom, vojnou, plodnos\u0165ou. Uctievan\u00fd prostredn\u00edctvom kultov, obet\u00ed a chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed.\">Boh<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157587\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"R\u00edmske n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo od kr\u00e1\u013eovstva a\u017e po neskor\u00fa antiku, synkretick\u00e9 s gr\u00e9ckymi a etrusk\u00fdmi vrstvami.\">R\u00edm<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na tejto str\\u00e1nke sa nena\\u0161li \\u017eiadne nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-160047\" alt=\"Mars \u2013 bohovia z r\u00edmskej trad\u00edcie, historicko-ilustra\u010dn\u00e9\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mars<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mars nesteles\u0148uje len agresivitu a ni\u010denie, ale aj poriadok vo vojne a ochranu spolo\u010denstva. Jeho \u00fastredn\u00fdmi aspektmi s\u00fa odvaha, vojensk\u00e1 strat\u00e9gia a sankcionovanie n\u00e1silia zo strany spolo\u010denstva.<\/p><p>V <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00fd pr\u00edbeh o bohoch, p\u00f4vode a usporiadan\u00ed svet.\" tabindex=\"0\">micte<\/span> vystupuje v r\u00f4znych \u00faloh\u00e1ch: ako milenec Venu\u0161e, ako otec Romula a ako ochranca pred morom a ne\u0161\u0165ast\u00edm. Luperk\u00e1lie a Ekvirie boli hlavn\u00fdmi sviatkami, po\u010das ktor\u00fdch boli tomuto bohu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzdan\u00e9 sv\u00e4t\u00e9mu prostredn\u00edctvom n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho aktu a t\u00fdm povznesen\u00e9 nad v\u0161ednos\u0165.\" tabindex=\"0\">zasv\u00e4ten\u00e9<\/span> kone a zbrane.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">R\u00fdchly preh\u013ead: Mars<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Prim\u00e1rnych zdrojov je mnoho: Ov\u00eddius, Verg\u00edlius, Hor\u00e1cius, Acta Arvalium a latinsk\u00e9 n\u00e1pisy. Zo sekund\u00e1rnych zdrojov sk\u00famali p\u00f4vod a premenu boha vojny na \u0161t\u00e1tneho boha Karl Latte, Georg Wissowa a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Nemeck\u00fd religionista (1931\u20132015); hlavn\u00e9 dielo Griechische Religion (1977).\">Walter Burkert<\/span>. Kult Marsa sa roz\u0161\u00edril po celej R\u00edmskej r\u00ed\u0161i a splynul s galsk\u00fdmi, germ\u00e1nskymi a britsk\u00fdmi bohmi vojny.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zaradenie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kult Marsa siaha v R\u00edme a\u017e do najstar\u0161\u00edch \u010dias, ke\u010f bol vz\u00fdvan\u00fd jednak ako ochranca po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskej p\u00f4dy, jednak ako boh vojny; jeho sviatok pripadal na po \u0148om nazvan\u00fd mesiac marec. Po z\u00e1niku antick\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva \u017eila t\u00e1to postava \u010falej v astron\u00f3mii ako pomenovanie plan\u00e9ty, vo v\u00fdtvarnom umen\u00ed novoveku napr\u00edklad v zobrazeniach Marsa a Venu\u0161e, a jazykovo v pr\u00eddavnom mene \u201emarti\u00e1lny&#8220;.<\/p><h3>Mytologick\u00e9 zaradenie<\/h3><p>Mars je r\u00edmsky boh vojny, ale je komplexnej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e len bojovnos\u0165. Mars je aj boh poriadku, odvahy a mu\u017enosti. Na rozdiel od \u00c1rea (gr\u00e9cky) je disciplinovan\u00fd a strategick\u00fd, v\u00f4bec nie divok\u00fd. Je otcom R\u00edma. Jeho \u00faloha sp\u00e1ja n\u00e1silie a civiliz\u00e1ciu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mars nebol region\u00e1lne obmedzen\u00fd ani viazan\u00fd na konkr\u00e9tne miesta: bol univerz\u00e1lne zn\u00e1my a uctievan\u00fd alebo ob\u00e1van\u00fd v celom r\u00edmskom svete. \u010ci v mestsk\u00fdch centr\u00e1ch alebo na okrajovom vidieku, \u010di medzi elitou alebo prost\u00fdm \u013eudom, duchovn\u00fd a kult\u00farny v\u00fdznam tejto bytosti bol trvale a v\u0161eobecne uzn\u00e1van\u00fd.<\/p><p>Mars st\u00e1l v porad\u00ed hne\u010f po Jupiterovi a bol pova\u017eovan\u00fd za praotca r\u00edmskeho \u013eudu, preto\u017ee v zakladate\u013eskej legende vystupuje ako otec Romula a Rema. Jeho kult sa rozprestieral od Marsovho po\u013ea, ktor\u00e9 sl\u00fa\u017eilo ako miesto zhroma\u017edenia a v\u00fdcviku vojska, a\u017e po vidiecke sprievody po\u013eami, a nad r\u00e1mec latinsk\u00fdch spojenectiev ho pod pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdmi menami, napr\u00edklad oskick\u00fdm Mamers, vz\u00fdvali aj \u010fal\u0161ie italsk\u00e9 kmene.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Prim\u00e1rne zdroje: Ov\u00eddiove Metamorf\u00f3zy a Fasti, Verg\u00edliova Aeneis (kniha 8), Hor\u00e1ciove \u00f3dy, Ciceronovo De Natura Deorum, Makr\u00f3biove Saturnalia.<\/p><p>Svedectv\u00e1 siahaj\u00fa od ranej republiky (6. storo\u010die pred Kr.) a\u017e po <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prechodn\u00e1 epocha medzi antikou a stredovekom, pribli\u017ene 3. a\u017e 7. storo\u010die.\" tabindex=\"0\">neskor\u00fa antiku<\/span>. B\u00e1datelia: Georg Wissowa, Karl Latte (R\u00f6mische Religionsgeschichte), <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Nemeck\u00fd religionista (1931\u20132015); hlavn\u00e9 dielo Griechische Religion (1977).\">Walter Burkert<\/span> (Griechische Religion), Hubert Cancik. N\u00e1pisy a archeologick\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy dokumentuj\u00fa stavbu chr\u00e1mov a ritu\u00e1ly v R\u00edme, Kamp\u00e1nii, Galii a pri hraniciach R\u00fdna.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Meno a varianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mars je v r\u00f4znych trad\u00edci\u00e1ch a zdrojoch zobrazovan\u00fd s ur\u010dit\u00fdmi ikonografick\u00fdmi prvkami, ktor\u00e9 zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa relat\u00edvne konzistentn\u00e9 bez oh\u013eadu na desa\u0165ro\u010dia a miesta. Tieto prvky s\u00fa symbolicky k\u00f3dovan\u00e9 a nes\u00fa hlbok\u00fd v\u00fdznam; v \u017eiadnom pr\u00edpade nejde o \u010disto dekorat\u00edvne \u010di n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 prvky.<\/p><p>Mars je v r\u00edmskom umen\u00ed rozpoznate\u013en\u00fd pod\u013ea helmy, kopije a \u0161t\u00edtu a zvy\u010dajne je zobrazovan\u00fd ako obrnen\u00fd bojovn\u00edk. S\u00fa mu priraden\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1 ako vlk a \u010fate\u013e, ktor\u00e9 hraj\u00fa \u00falohu v zakladate\u013eskej legende R\u00edma, a tie\u017e sv\u00e4t\u00e9 \u0161t\u00edty, Ancilia, ktor\u00e9 nosili v sl\u00e1vnostn\u00fdch procesi\u00e1ch k\u0148azi z r\u00e1du Saliov. Tieto atrib\u00faty jasne vyjadrovali jeho zodpovednos\u0165 za vojnu a ochranu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Charakteristiky<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mars bol \u00fastrednou postavou n\u00e1bo\u017eenskej praxe a ka\u017edodenn\u00e9ho ch\u00e1pania v R\u00edme. \u013dudia sa na t\u00fato bytos\u0165 obracali v ur\u010dit\u00fdch kritick\u00fdch \u017eivotn\u00fdch situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch alebo v konkr\u00e9tnych ro\u010dn\u00fdch obdobiach, prostredn\u00edctvom \u0161trukt\u00farovan\u00fdch ritu\u00e1lov, modlitieb alebo obetn\u00fdch darov. T\u00e1to prax bola presne tradovan\u00e1 a viedli ju k\u0148azi alebo odborn\u00edci, ni\u010d na nej nebolo n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 ani improvizovan\u00e9.<\/p><p>Uctievanie Marsa sa prejavovalo v obradoch pred a po \u0165a\u017eeniach: pred vytiahnut\u00edm sa vojvodca dotkol sv\u00e4t\u00fdch kopi\u00ed a \u0161t\u00edtov v sv\u00e4tyni Regia, obeta suovetaurilia zo svine, ovce a b\u00fdka sl\u00fa\u017eila na o\u010distenie krajiny a vojska a obeta okt\u00f3brov\u00e9ho ko\u0148a uzatv\u00e1rala vojnov\u00fa sez\u00f3nu. Okrem toho sviatok Ambarvalia zabezpe\u010doval ochranu pol\u00ed prostredn\u00edctvom sprievodov po poliach.<\/p><h3>Vzh\u013ead a symbolika<\/h3><p>Mars je zobrazovan\u00fd ako svalnat\u00fd bojovn\u00edk v plnej v\u00fdzbroji, \u010dasto s helmou, \u0161t\u00edtom a kopijou. Vlastn\u00e1 mu je \u010derven\u00e1 farba. Kopija a me\u010d, orol a vlk s\u00fa jeho symboly. Marec je nazvan\u00fd po \u0148om. Definuje ho sila a vojensk\u00e1 \u010dest.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Mars<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nasleduj\u00faci profil vysvet\u013euje \u0161es\u0165 aspektov Marsa: jeho historick\u00fd a kult\u00farny p\u00f4vod, praktiky uctievania, ikonografick\u00e9 zobrazenie, v\u00fdznam pre ochranu a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prosebn\u00e9 alebo zakl\u00ednacie oslovenie bo\u017estva alebo moci.\" tabindex=\"0\">vz\u00fdvanie<\/span>, paralely s in\u00fdmi kult\u00farami a z\u00e1vere\u010dn\u00fd preh\u013ead pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdch bo\u017esk\u00fdch post\u00e1v v susedn\u00fdch trad\u00edci\u00e1ch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u00f4vod Marsa<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mars patr\u00ed medzi najstar\u0161ie r\u00edmske bo\u017estva. Jeho stopy ved\u00fa k indoeur\u00f3pskym bohom vojny a k italickej prapodobe dem\u00f3na plodnosti. V Laciu bol p\u00f4vodne ochrancom st\u00e1d a pol\u00ed, ale s narastaj\u00facim vojensk\u00fdm v\u00fdznamom sa postupne premenil na boha vojny.<\/p><p>Prv\u00e1 overen\u00e1 zmienka v Fasti Praenestini poch\u00e1dza zo 4. storo\u010dia pred n. l., av\u0161ak kulty existovali u\u017e ove\u013ea dlh\u0161ie. Marsov <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba sl\u00fa\u017eiaca na uctievanie jedn\u00e9ho alebo viacer\u00fdch bo\u017estiev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m<\/span> na Martovom poli v R\u00edme bol v roku 20 pred n. l. Augustom znovu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzdan\u00fd n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm obradom sv\u00e4t\u00e9mu, a t\u00fdm povznesen\u00fd nad be\u017en\u00e9.\" tabindex=\"0\">zasv\u00e4ten\u00fd<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Uctievatelia Marsa<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Marsa vz\u00fdvali vojaci, vojvodcovia, ro\u013en\u00edci a ob\u010dania, najm\u00e4 pred vojensk\u00fdmi v\u00fdpravami a v \u010dase vojny. R\u00edmske k\u0148azsk\u00e9 kol\u00e9gium Saliov ho sl\u00e1vilo prostredn\u00edctvom Equiri\u00ed (konsk\u00fdch dostihov).<\/p><p>Luperc\u00e1lsky <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzd\u00e1van\u00e1, v spolo\u010denstve pravidelne opakovan\u00e1 \u010dinnos\u0165.\" tabindex=\"0\">zvyk<\/span> (febru\u00e1r) znamenal o\u010distenie a po\u017eehnanie plodnosti pre pole a rodinu. Augustus vyu\u017e\u00edval Marsove kulty politicky: ako otec Romula legitimizoval boh dynastiu. Vojensk\u00ed velitelia sa k nemu modlili pred bitkami.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zjavenie Marsa<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mars bol zobrazovan\u00fd ako f\u00fazat\u00fd, plne vyzbrojen\u00fd bojovn\u00edk s helmou, \u0161t\u00edtom a kopijou. Ikonograficky nosil v\u00fdstroj r\u00edmskeho vojaka, \u010dasto s dramatick\u00fdm poh\u013eadom.<\/p><p>Jeho atrib\u00fatmi boli k\u00f4\u0148, kopija, obradn\u00e9 \u0161t\u00edty (ancilia) a niekedy aj had (chtonick\u00fd aspekt). Na minciach sa objavuje stojaci alebo na koni. Na olt\u00e1roch sa zobrazuje s Venu\u0161ou, preto\u017ee ich vz\u0165ah symbolizoval mytologick\u00fa a kozmick\u00fa harm\u00f3niu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u00f4sobenie Marsa<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Oblas\u0165 p\u00f4sobenia:<\/strong> Mars je boh vojny, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 boh veget\u00e1cie a po\u013en\u00fdch plod\u00edn. Jeho sl\u00e1vnosti, Luperc\u00e1lie a marcov\u00e9 sviatky, ozna\u010duj\u00fa ritu\u00e1ly plodnosti a o\u010disty.<\/p><p>V R\u00edme je Mars uctievan\u00fd predov\u0161etk\u00fdm ako ochranca mesta a po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva, ako bojovn\u00edk, ktor\u00fd br\u00e1ni \u013eud a rob\u00ed krajinu plodnou. Jeho deti s Venu\u0161ou, Romulus a Remus, dokazuj\u00fa jeho spojenie so zalo\u017een\u00edm mesta a \u0161t\u00e1tom.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrana pred Marsom<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mars bol predmetom <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prosebn\u00e9 alebo zakl\u00ednacie oslovenie bo\u017estva alebo moci.\" tabindex=\"0\">vz\u00fdvania<\/span> a \u00factiv\u00e9ho re\u0161pektu, nebol iba ochrann\u00fdm bo\u017estvom, ale mor\u00e1lnou silou. Pred d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdmi podnikmi sa mu obet\u00favali b\u00fdky, ovce a kone.<\/p><p>Obrady na odvr\u00e1tenie ne\u0161\u0165astia mali za cie\u013e Marsa upokoji\u0165 a jeho agres\u00edvnu silu usmerni\u0165 do riadnych ko\u013eaj\u00ed. V dom\u00e1cnostiach sa umiest\u0148ovali mal\u00e9 Marsove so\u0161ky (sigilla), aby chr\u00e1nili dom a rodinu pred \u0161kodou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralely Marsa<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V gr\u00e9ckej trad\u00edcii mu zodpoved\u00e1 podobn\u00fd, ale menej uctievan\u00fd boh Ares, chaotick\u00fd a krvila\u010dn\u00fd. Etrusk\u00e9 postavy Tinia vykazuj\u00fa paralely s bohom vojny. V germ\u00e1nskej oblasti podobn\u00e9 \u00falohy zast\u00e1vaj\u00fa Tiwaz\/T\u00fdr a Wodan. Mezopot\u00e1mski Nergal a Erra steles\u0148uj\u00fa mor a vojnu. Tieto bo\u017estv\u00e1 maj\u00fa s Marsom spolo\u010dn\u00fa premenu z ochrancu po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva na boha vojny.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mars, paralely v in\u00fdch kult\u00farach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mars sp\u00e1ja funkcie gr\u00e9ckeho Area s funkciami boha veget\u00e1cie a po\u013enohospod\u00e1rstva, \u010do je kombin\u00e1cia rol\u00ed, ktor\u00e1 nem\u00e1 v gr\u00e9ckej mytol\u00f3gii priamu obdobu. Zatia\u013e \u010do Ares sa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou jav\u00ed ako \u010dist\u00fd fanatik vojny, Mars je v r\u00edmskom kalend\u00e1ri u\u017e v marci sp\u00e1jan\u00fd s obradmi siatia.<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>\u017didovsk\u00e1 trad\u00edcia:<\/strong> V \u017eidovskej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Vedeck\u00e9 u\u010denie o Bohu a viere v r\u00e1mci danej n\u00e1bo\u017eenskej trad\u00edcie.\" tabindex=\"0\">teol\u00f3gii<\/span> neexistuje priama paralela k Marsovi. My\u0161lienka vojny ako bo\u017eskej funkcie sa ch\u00e1pe inak: JHVH je Bohom z\u00e1stupov (Cebaot), no nie je \u0161pecializovan\u00fdm bohom vojny. Helenistick\u00e9 obdobie prinieslo kontakt, no nie splynutie s kultmi Marsa.<\/p><p><strong>Gr\u00e9cko-r\u00edmsky svet:<\/strong> Ares je gr\u00e9cky n\u00e1protivok, no je opovrhovan\u00fd a druhorad\u00fd vo\u010di At\u00e9ne, ktor\u00e1 steles\u0148uje strat\u00e9giu. Mars naproti tomu po\u017e\u00edval ve\u013ek\u00fa \u00factu, \u010do zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje odli\u0161n\u00fa politick\u00fa \u00falohu R\u00edma. Splynutie za neskor\u0161\u00edch cis\u00e1rov (Ares-Mars-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Splynutie predst\u00e1v alebo bo\u017estiev z r\u00f4znych n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch trad\u00edci\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">synkretizmus<\/span>) v\u0161ak ukazuje vz\u00e1jomn\u00e9 prisp\u00f4sobenie.<\/p><p><strong>Mezopot\u00e1mia:<\/strong> Nergal, boh vojny a vl\u00e1dca r\u00ed\u0161e m\u0155tvych, zdie\u013ea s Marsom dualitu ni\u010denia a ochrany. Erra je agres\u00edvna vojensk\u00e1 postava, no menej zapojen\u00e1 do \u0161t\u00e1tnej \u0161trukt\u00fary. Mezopot\u00e1mski bojovn\u00edci si vy\u017eadovali Nergalove <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Vyjadrenie priazne a ochrany, \u010dasto v ust\u00e1lenej jazykovej forme.\" tabindex=\"0\">po\u017eehnanie<\/span> podobne ako r\u00edmski l\u00e9gion\u00e1ri \u017eiadali priaze\u0148 Marsa.<\/p><p><strong>India\/\u00c1zia:<\/strong> Skanda\/Murugan je v hinduizme bohom vojny, no v kozmickej hierarchii podriaden\u00fdm. V ranom budhizme boh vojny neexistuje. \u010c\u00edna poznala Guan Yua, boha vojny, cti a spravodlivosti, ktor\u00fd bol nesk\u00f4r kanonizovan\u00fd, \u010do predstavuje \u0161truktur\u00e1lnu paralelu k politiz\u00e1cii Marsa.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd8eb093 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpd8eb093\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9f1bcac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9f1bcac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mars ako starobyl\u00e9 italick\u00e9 bo\u017estvo pred jeho zrovnopr\u00e1vnen\u00edm s Aresom<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp22eefc3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp22eefc3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa573e59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa573e59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vo verejnom povedom\u00ed plat\u00ed Mars za r\u00edmsky protip\u00f3l gr\u00e9ckeho boha vojny Area. Toto zjednodu\u0161enie je z liter\u00e1rneho h\u013eadiska spr\u00e1vne, no zakr\u00fdva skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee Mars bol p\u00f4vodne samostatn\u00fdm staroitalsk\u00fdm bohom s v\u00fdrazne \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm okruhom p\u00f4sobnosti.<\/p><p>Najstar\u0161ie svedectv\u00e1, predov\u0161etk\u00fdm archaick\u00e1 Arvalsk\u00e1 hymna a zmienky u Kat\u00f3na Star\u0161ieho, ukazuj\u00fa boha, ktor\u00fd bol zodpovedn\u00fd rovnako za ochranu pol\u00ed, dobytka a hran\u00edc, ako za vojnu.<\/p><p>Kat\u00f3n vo svojom spise <em>De agri cultura<\/em> zaznamenal <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Jazykov\u00e9 obr\u00e1tenie sa \u010dloveka k bo\u017estvu.\" tabindex=\"0\">modlitbu<\/span>, ktor\u00e1 ro\u013en\u00edkovi prikazuje prosi\u0165 Marsa o ochranu svojho hospod\u00e1rstva, rodiny a dobytka a za to mu obetova\u0165 trojit\u00fa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dar bo\u017estvu na vyjadrenie v\u010faky, prosby alebo \u00facty.\" tabindex=\"0\">obetu<\/span>, tzv. <em>suovetaurilia<\/em> zlo\u017een\u00fa z prasa\u0165a, barana a b\u00fdka.<\/p><p>V tejto <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Jazykov\u00e9 obr\u00e1tenie sa \u010dloveka k bo\u017estvu.\" tabindex=\"0\">modlitbe<\/span> vystupuje Mars ako ochrann\u00e1 sila proti chorob\u00e1m, ne\u00farode a nepo\u010dasiu. T\u00e1to po\u013enohospod\u00e1rska str\u00e1nka patr\u00ed k jadru star\u00e9ho kultu Marsa a nie je ved\u013eaj\u0161\u00edm rysom.<\/p><p>B\u00e1danie tento \u0161irok\u00fd okruh p\u00f4sobnosti vysvet\u013euje r\u00f4zne. Jeden v\u00fdklad ch\u00e1pe Marsa p\u00f4vodne ako v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho ochrann\u00e9ho boha spolo\u010denstva, ktor\u00e9ho obrann\u00e1 funkcia sa navonok prejavovala ako vedenie vojny a smerom dovn\u00fatra ako ochrana po\u013ea a st\u00e1da.<\/p><p>Italsk\u00fd Mars bol tak menej \u00fazko \u0161pecializovan\u00fd ne\u017e gr\u00e9cky Ares, ktor\u00fd zostal v gr\u00e9ckom <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fahrn bohov n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva alebo kult\u00fary.\" tabindex=\"0\">pante\u00f3ne<\/span> sk\u00f4r neob\u013e\u00fabenou, \u010disto vojnovou okrajovou postavou.<\/p><p>A\u017e liter\u00e1rne zrovn\u00e1vanie v helenistickej a cis\u00e1rskej dobe zatla\u010dilo star\u00e9 funkcie do pozadia. Pre pochopenie r\u00edmskeho Marsa je preto d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 nech\u00e1pa\u0165 gr\u00e9cku predlohu ako cel\u00fd obraz.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpbe049f5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpbe049f5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2341e5e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2341e5e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mars ako praotec R\u00edma<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp384072b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp384072b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp928dcb7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp928dcb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mars m\u00e1 v r\u00edmskom sebapo\u0148at\u00ed zvl\u00e1\u0161tne genealogick\u00e9 postavenie. Plat\u00ed za otca dvoj\u010diat Romula a R\u00e9ma a t\u00fdm aj za praotca r\u00edmskeho n\u00e1roda.<\/p><p>Pod\u013ea zakladate\u013eskej legendy, ktor\u00fa zaznamenal Livius a \u010fal\u0161\u00ed, porodila vest\u00e1lka Rhea Silvia dvoj\u010dat\u00e1 s Marsom. Deti boli odlo\u017een\u00e9, doj\u010dila ich vl\u010dica, zviera zasv\u00e4ten\u00e9 Marsovi, a vychoval ich pastier. Romulus nesk\u00f4r zalo\u017eil mesto.<\/p><p>Tento p\u00f4vod urobil z Marsa dynastick\u00e9ho a politick\u00e9ho boha, nielen pr\u00edrodn\u00fa silu. <em>Gens Iulia<\/em>, rod Caesara a t\u00fdm aj Augusta, sa s\u00edce odvodzoval cez Venu\u0161u od Aenea, av\u0161ak spojenie R\u00edma ako celku s Marsom zost\u00e1valo pevnou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou \u0161t\u00e1tnej ideol\u00f3gie.<\/p><p>Augustus t\u00fato linku rozvinul t\u00fdm, \u017ee postavil <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba sl\u00fa\u017eiaca na uctievanie jedn\u00e9ho alebo viacer\u00fdch bo\u017estiev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m<\/span> <em>Mars Ultor<\/em>, Mstite\u013ea, a urobil z neho stred svojho nov\u00e9ho f\u00f3ra. Pr\u00edmenie <em>Ultor<\/em> s\u00faviselo s pomstou za Caesarovu vra\u017edu a s op\u00e4tovn\u00fdm z\u00edskan\u00edm vojnov\u00fdch znakov ukoris\u0165en\u00fdch Partmi.<\/p><p>Marsovi zasv\u00e4ten\u00fd \u010fate\u013e, <em>picus Martius<\/em>, a vlk patrili medzi zvierat\u00e1, prostredn\u00edctvom ktor\u00fdch boh p\u00f4sobil v zakladate\u013eskej legende. Aj mesiac marec, latinsky <em>Martius<\/em>, nesie jeho meno a v starom r\u00edmskom kalend\u00e1ri platil za za\u010diatok roka a \u0165a\u017eenej sez\u00f3ny.<\/p><p>Prepletenie <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00fd pr\u00edbeh o bohoch, p\u00f4vode a poriadku svet\u0430.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtu<\/span>, kalend\u00e1ra a politick\u00fdch dej\u00edn rob\u00ed z Marsa boha, ktor\u00e9ho <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fahrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00factov\u00fdch \u00fakonov vo\u010di bo\u017estvu alebo sv\u00e4tej postave.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> bol tesne spojen\u00fd s identitou mesta. Na rozdiel od mnoh\u00fdch bo\u017estiev tu ne\u0161lo len o uctievanie, ale aj o rozpr\u00e1vanie o p\u00f4vode samotn\u00e9ho spolo\u010denstva.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb74b0a2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpb74b0a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1d5d03e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp1d5d03e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Saliovia a kult posv\u00e4tn\u00fdch \u0161t\u00edtov<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe517ad6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpe517ad6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9594cbe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp9594cbe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>K najn\u00e1padnej\u0161\u00edm in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00e1m r\u00edmskeho kultu Marsa patrili Saliovia, k\u0148azsk\u00e1 skupina dvan\u00e1stich \u010dlenov, pr\u00edstupn\u00e1 v\u00fdlu\u010dne patriciom. Ich meno sa odvodzuje z latinsk\u00e9ho <em>salire<\/em>, sk\u00e1ka\u0165 alebo tancova\u0165, preto\u017ee ich <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Usporiadan\u00e1 postupnos\u0165 symbolick\u00fdch \u00fakonov s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm alebo kult\u00farnym v\u00fdznamom.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu\u00e1l<\/span> spo\u010d\u00edval predov\u0161etk\u00fdm v tanci so zbra\u0148ami cez mesto.<\/p><p>Saliovia prech\u00e1dzali predov\u0161etk\u00fdm v marci, mesiaci Marsa, v starod\u00e1vnom oble\u010den\u00ed cez R\u00edm: s bronzovou prilbou, kr\u00e1tkym me\u010dom, ma\u013eovan\u00fdm r\u00fachom a posv\u00e4tn\u00fdm \u0161t\u00edtom na ruke.<\/p><p>Tieto \u0161t\u00edty, <em>ancilia<\/em>, st\u00e1li v centre ritu\u00e1lu. Pod\u013ea <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzd\u00e1vanie vedomost\u00ed a pr\u00edbehov z gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu.\" tabindex=\"0\">trad\u00edcie<\/span> jeden z nich spadol z neba ako z\u00e1ruka trvania R\u00edma. Aby nemohol by\u0165 ukradnut\u00fd, dal legend\u00e1rny kr\u00e1\u013e Numa Pompilius zhotovi\u0165 jeden\u00e1s\u0165 rovnak\u00fdch k\u00f3pi\u00ed.<\/p><p>Saliovia opatrovali dvan\u00e1s\u0165 \u0161t\u00edtov a nosili ich pri svojich sprievodoch. Tanec sprev\u00e1dzal spev <em>carmen Saliare<\/em>, pr\u00edbuzn\u00e9ho Arvalskej hymne, textu tak starobyl\u00e9ho, \u017ee mu u\u017e Rimania klasickej doby takmer nerozumeli.<\/p><p>Saliovia ozna\u010dovali za\u010diatok a koniec \u0165a\u017eenej sez\u00f3ny. Ich obrady v marci otv\u00e1rali \u010das, kedy sa mohla vies\u0165 vojna, \u010fal\u0161\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Usporiadan\u00e1 postupnos\u0165 symbolick\u00fdch \u00fakonov s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm alebo kult\u00farnym v\u00fdznamom.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu\u00e1l<\/span> v okt\u00f3bri ho uzatv\u00e1ral. Toto zapojenie do ro\u010dn\u00e9ho kolobehu op\u00e4\u0165 ukazuje, ako Mars st\u00e1l medzi vojnovou a po\u013enohospod\u00e1rskou sf\u00e9rou.<\/p><p>Pre b\u00e1danie s\u00fa Saliovia d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00ed, preto\u017ee zachovali ve\u013emi star\u00fa, jazykovo a form\u00e1lne konzervovan\u00fa \u010das\u0165 r\u00edmskeho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva. Mnoho z ich <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Usporiadan\u00e1 postupnos\u0165 symbolick\u00fdch \u00fakonov s n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdm alebo kult\u00farnym v\u00fdznamom.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritu\u00e1lu<\/span> zostalo nejasn\u00e9 aj antick\u00fdm autorom, \u010do zodpovedaj\u00facim sp\u00f4sobom rob\u00ed pramene ne\u00fapln\u00fdmi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd54e62c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpd54e62c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6a874e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp6a874e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sv\u00e4tyne, Marsovo pole a sl\u00e1vnosti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp556b925 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp556b925\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp06323e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp06323e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Topografick\u00e9 zakotvenie Marta v R\u00edme bolo nezvy\u010dajn\u00e9. Jeho najstar\u0161ie kultov\u00e9 miesto sa pod\u013ea <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzd\u00e1vanie vedomost\u00ed a rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed z gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu.\" tabindex=\"0\">trad\u00edcie<\/span> nach\u00e1dzalo mimo samotn\u00e9ho mestsk\u00e9ho \u00fazemia, na <em>Campus Martius<\/em>, Martovom poli v z\u00e1krute Tiberu. T\u00e1to lokaliz\u00e1cia mala sakr\u00e1lno-pr\u00e1vny d\u00f4vod: ozbrojenci a vojsko nemali dovolen\u00e9 prekro\u010di\u0165 pomerium, sv\u00e4t\u00fa hranicu mesta.<\/p><p>Martovo pole bolo preto miestom odvodov, vojensk\u00fdch cvi\u010den\u00ed, \u013eudov\u00e9ho zhroma\u017edenia v jeho brannej forme a cenzu. A\u017e Augustus umiestnil boha demon\u0161trat\u00edvne do centra, ke\u010f na svojom f\u00f3re postavil <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stavba sl\u00fa\u017eiaca na uctievanie jedn\u00e9ho alebo viacer\u00fdch bo\u017estiev.\" tabindex=\"0\">chr\u00e1m<\/span> Marta Ultora (<em>Mars Ultor<\/em>).<\/p><p>Sviato\u010dn\u00fd kalend\u00e1r Marta sa s\u00fastre\u010foval na marec a okt\u00f3ber. V marci sa konalo viacero sviatkov, medzi nimi konsk\u00e9 dostihy a sviatok <em>Quinquatrus<\/em>, po\u010das ktor\u00e9ho sa okrem in\u00e9ho \u010distili sv\u00e4t\u00e9 zbrane.<\/p><p>Okt\u00f3ber uzatv\u00e1ral <em>October equus<\/em>, obeta ko\u0148a, pri ktorej sa Martovi obetoval prav\u00fd k\u00f4\u0148 v\u00ed\u0165azn\u00e9ho dvojspojenia. Jeho chvost sa r\u00fdchlo prin\u00e1\u0161al do Regie, starobylej budovy na f\u00f3re, kde mala krv kvapka\u0165 na ohnisko. O presnom v\u00fdzname tohto <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ust\u00e1len\u00fd, opakuj\u00faci sa n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd \u00fakon.\" tabindex=\"0\">r\u00edtu<\/span> sa sporili u\u017e antick\u00ed u\u010denci.<\/p><p>V Regii sa okrem toho uchov\u00e1vali <em>hastae Martiae<\/em>, sv\u00e4t\u00e9 kopije Marta. Velite\u013e ich pod\u013ea <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzd\u00e1vanie vedomost\u00ed a rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed z gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu.\" tabindex=\"0\">trad\u00edcie<\/span> pred v\u00fdpravou do po\u013ea dot\u00fdkal so slovami, aby boh dbal na str\u00e1\u017e.<\/p><p>Ak sa kopije pohli sami od seba, pova\u017eovalo sa to za hroziv\u00e9 znamenie. Toto spojenie kultov\u00e9ho predmetu, miesta a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegri\u0148\" data-tooltip=\"Ust\u00e1len\u00fd, opakuj\u00faci sa n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd \u00fakon.\" tabindex=\"0\">r\u00edtu<\/span> ukazuje, \u017ee Martov kult v R\u00edme nebol abstraktn\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom viery, ale bol pevne zviazan\u00fd s miestami a predmetmi, ktor\u00e9 spoluur\u010dovali verejn\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf5ff2a6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpf5ff2a6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8a78867 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp8a78867\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mars v provinci\u00e1ch a zl\u00fa\u010denie s dom\u00e1cimi bohmi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0c42560 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp0c42560\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0be426b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp0be426b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S roz\u0161irovan\u00edm R\u00edmskej r\u00ed\u0161e sa \u0161\u00edril aj kult Marta, no zriedkavo zostal nezmenen\u00fd. V provinci\u00e1ch, najm\u00e4 v Galii, Britannii a na R\u00edne, sa Mars \u010dasto zlu\u010doval s dom\u00e1cimi bo\u017estvami.<\/p><p>Tento postup, ktor\u00fd b\u00e1danie ozna\u010duje ako <em>interpretatio Romana<\/em>, viedol k ve\u013ek\u00e9mu mno\u017estvu pr\u00eddomkov Marta, ktor\u00e9 sa objavuj\u00fa na vot\u00edvnych n\u00e1pisoch. Spomen\u00fa\u0165 mo\u017eno napr\u00edklad <em>Mars Lenus<\/em> v Trieri, <em>Mars Camulus<\/em> v keltskej oblasti alebo <em>Mars Thingsus<\/em> v Britannii, sp\u00e1jan\u00e9ho s germ\u00e1nskym <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytos\u0165 uctievan\u00e1 ako bo\u017esk\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017estvom<\/span>.<\/p><p>Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee provin\u010dn\u00fd Mars vystupuje \u010dasto sk\u00f4r ako boh lie\u010denia a ochrany ne\u017e ako boh vojny. <em>Mars Lenus<\/em> bol napr\u00edklad v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm lie\u010dite\u013esk\u00fdm bo\u017estvom s rozsiahlym chr\u00e1mov\u00fdm okrskom.<\/p><p>Tento posun v d\u00f4raze sa vysvet\u013euje s\u010dasti vlastnos\u0165ami dom\u00e1cich bohov, s ktor\u00fdmi bol Mars stoto\u017e\u0148ovan\u00fd, s\u010dasti u\u017e spom\u00ednanou \u0161irokou ochrannou funkciou p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho staroitalsk\u00e9ho Marta. Boh poskytoval spojovac\u00ed bod, preto\u017ee nebol striktne definovan\u00fd len ako bojovn\u00fd.<\/p><p>Provin\u010dn\u00e9 kulty s\u00fa pre b\u00e1danie d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, preto\u017ee ukazuj\u00fa, ako r\u00edmske n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo funguje v stretnut\u00ed s miestnymi trad\u00edciami. Nebolo pevn\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom, ktor\u00fd sa jednoducho vnucoval, ale umo\u017e\u0148ovalo oslovi\u0165 existuj\u00face bo\u017estv\u00e1 v r\u00edmskej forme.<\/p><p>Mnoh\u00e9 vot\u00edvne olt\u00e1re, n\u00e1pisy a chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 okrsky, ktor\u00e9 archeol\u00f3govia odkryli najm\u00e4 v severoz\u00e1padnej Eur\u00f3pe, tvoria rozsiahlu materi\u00e1lov\u00fa z\u00e1klad\u0148u. Jasne ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee jedno meno Mars mohlo v praxi zastre\u0161ova\u0165 cel\u00fd s\u00fabor region\u00e1lne odli\u0161n\u00fdch predst\u00e1v o bohu. Jednotn\u00fa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Vedeck\u00e9 u\u010denie o Bohu a viere n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva.\" tabindex=\"0\">teol\u00f3giu<\/span> provin\u010dn\u00e9ho Marta z toho odvodi\u0165 nemo\u017eno.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6b1a899 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp6b1a899\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9c89b19 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9c89b19\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010eal\u0161\u00ed \u017eivot: Mars v astrol\u00f3gii, umen\u00ed a modernej kult\u00fare<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfe0e252 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpfe0e252\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp92dc409 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp92dc409\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nad r\u00e1mec <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epocha gr\u00e9ckej a r\u00edmskej kult\u00fary, pribli\u017ene od 800 pred n. l. do 600 n. l.\" tabindex=\"0\">antick\u00e9ho<\/span> n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva p\u00f4sobil Mars \u010falej najm\u00e4 ako planet\u00e1rny boh. \u010cervenkast\u00e1 plan\u00e9ta nesie jeho meno u\u017e od <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epocha gr\u00e9ckej a r\u00edmskej kult\u00fary, pribli\u017ene od 800 pred n. l. do 600 n. l.\" tabindex=\"0\">antiky<\/span> a v astrologickej trad\u00edcii, ktor\u00e1 sa cez neskoroantick\u00fdch a arabsk\u00fdch sprostredkovate\u013eov dostala do stredovekej Eur\u00f3py, platil Mars za hvezdu vojny, agresie a \u017eeleza.<\/p><p>V tejto funkcii sa objavuje v nespo\u010detn\u00fdch stredovek\u00fdch a novovek\u00fdch vyobrazeniach, napr\u00edklad na obrazoch \u201eplan\u00e9tov\u00fdch det\u00ed&#8220;, ktor\u00e9 zobrazuj\u00fa, ak\u00ed \u013eudia a \u010dinnosti boli priraden\u00e9 Martovi, medzi nimi vojaci, kov\u00e1\u010di a m\u00e4siari.<\/p><p>Vo v\u00fdtvarnom umen\u00ed renesancie a baroka bol Mars zvy\u010dajne zobrazovan\u00fd pod\u013ea vzoru gr\u00e9ckeho \u00c1resa, \u010dasto v spojen\u00ed s Venu\u0161ou.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00faci sa obsahov\u00fd prvok v umen\u00ed alebo rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mot\u00edv<\/span> <em>Mars a Venu\u0161a<\/em>, ktor\u00fd vyjadruje skrotenie vojny l\u00e1skou, sa nach\u00e1dza okrem in\u00e9ho u Botticelliho, Veroneseho a Rubensa. T\u00e1to obrazov\u00e1 trad\u00edcia sa opiera menej o p\u00f4vodn\u00e9ho staroitalsk\u00e9ho ochrann\u00e9ho boha ne\u017e o liter\u00e1rne zl\u00fa\u010denie s gr\u00e9ckym <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzdan\u00fd pr\u00edbeh o bohoch, po\u010diatkoch a poriadku svete.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtom<\/span>.<\/p><p>Aj jazykovo je Mars pr\u00edtomn\u00fd dodnes. Od jeho mena je odvoden\u00e9 adjekt\u00edvum marti\u00e1lny, rovnako ako n\u00e1zov mesiaca marec v mnoh\u00fdch eur\u00f3pskych jazykoch. V modernej popul\u00e1rnej kult\u00fare sa Mars objavuje ako plan\u00e9ta a ako postava v literat\u00fare, filme a hr\u00e1ch, \u010dasto z\u00fa\u017een\u00fd len na vojnov\u00fd aspekt.<\/p><p>Toto z\u00fa\u017eenie zodpoved\u00e1 sk\u00f4r gr\u00e9ckemu \u00c1resovi ne\u017e r\u00edmskemu origin\u00e1lu. Kto chce pochopi\u0165 historick\u00e9ho Marta, mus\u00ed sa preto vr\u00e1ti\u0165 za neskor\u0161iu recepciu a vn\u00edma\u0165 boha v jeho staroitalskom kontexte, v ktorom vojna a ochrana po\u013ea boli dve strany tej istej obrannej sily.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u00favisiace odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157587\">R\u00edm, kult\u00fara<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literat\u00fara (v\u00fdber)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Beard, Mary \/ North, John \/ Price, Simon: <em>Religions of Rome. A History<\/em>. Cambridge University Press, 1998.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Scheid, John: <em>An Introduction to Roman Religion<\/em>. Edinburgh University Press, 2003.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Dum\u00e9zil, Georges: <em>Archaic Roman Religion. Volume One<\/em>. University of Chicago Press, 1970.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Kajanto, Iiro: <em>The God Mars in Connection with War and Death<\/em>. In: <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V r\u00edmskom n\u00e1bo\u017eenstve p\u00f4sobiaca bo\u017esk\u00e1 moc na ur\u010ditom mieste alebo predmete.\" tabindex=\"0\">Numen<\/span> 14, 1967.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1646,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Mars","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Mars \u2013 r\u00edmsky boh vojny","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"P\u00edsomn\u00e9 svedectv\u00e1 o Marsovi siahaj\u00fa nieko\u013eko storo\u010d\u00ed do minulosti, s ve\u013ekou pravdepodobnos\u0165ou","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"2","wesen_kultur":"rom","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-157826","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mars \u2013 r\u00edmsky boh vojny<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"P\u00edsomn\u00e9 svedectv\u00e1 o Marsovi siahaj\u00fa nieko\u013eko storo\u010d\u00ed do minulosti, s ve\u013ekou pravdepodobnos\u0165ou\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mars\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"P\u00edsomn\u00e9 svedectv\u00e1 o Marsovi siahaj\u00fa nieko\u013eko storo\u010d\u00ed do minulosti, s ve\u013ekou pravdepodobnos\u0165ou\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-04T22:43:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/mars\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/mars\\\/\",\"name\":\"Mars \u2013 r\u00edmsky boh vojny\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/mars\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/mars\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_rom_mars.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-04T22:18:04+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-04T22:43:24+00:00\",\"description\":\"P\u00edsomn\u00e9 svedectv\u00e1 o Marsovi siahaj\u00fa nieko\u013eko storo\u010d\u00ed do minulosti, s ve\u013ekou pravdepodobnos\u0165ou\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/mars\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/mars\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/mars\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_rom_mars.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_rom_mars.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Bohovia z r\u00edmskej trad\u00edcie.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/mars\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/?page_id=157572\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Mars\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/mars\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/mars\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Mars\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-04T22:18:04+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-04T22:43:24+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/mars\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/sk\\\/mars\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_rom_mars.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"description\":\"P\u00edsomn\u00e9 svedectv\u00e1 o Marsovi siahaj\u00fa nieko\u013eko storo\u010d\u00ed do minulosti, s ve\u013ekou pravdepodobnos\u0165ou\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Mars \u2013 r\u00edmsky boh vojny","description":"P\u00edsomn\u00e9 svedectv\u00e1 o Marsovi siahaj\u00fa nieko\u013eko storo\u010d\u00ed do minulosti, s ve\u013ekou pravdepodobnos\u0165ou","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/","og_locale":"sk_SK","og_type":"article","og_title":"Mars","og_description":"P\u00edsomn\u00e9 svedectv\u00e1 o Marsovi siahaj\u00fa nieko\u013eko storo\u010d\u00ed do minulosti, s ve\u013ekou pravdepodobnos\u0165ou","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-04T22:43:24+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Mars","datePublished":"2026-09-04T22:18:04+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-04T22:43:24+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars.webp","inLanguage":"sk-SK","description":"P\u00edsomn\u00e9 svedectv\u00e1 o Marsovi siahaj\u00fa nieko\u013eko storo\u010d\u00ed do minulosti, s ve\u013ekou pravdepodobnos\u0165ou"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/","name":"Mars \u2013 r\u00edmsky boh vojny","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-04T22:18:04+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-04T22:43:24+00:00","description":"P\u00edsomn\u00e9 svedectv\u00e1 o Marsovi siahaj\u00fa nieko\u013eko storo\u010d\u00ed do minulosti, s ve\u013ekou pravdepodobnos\u0165ou","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"sk-SK","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sk-SK","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Bohovia z r\u00edmskej trad\u00edcie."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157572"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Mars"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"sk-SK"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sk-SK","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sk-SK","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Mars","datePublished":"2026-09-04T22:18:04+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-04T22:43:24+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/mars\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_rom_mars.webp","inLanguage":"sk-SK","description":"P\u00edsomn\u00e9 svedectv\u00e1 o Marsovi siahaj\u00fa nieko\u013eko storo\u010d\u00ed do minulosti, s ve\u013ekou pravdepodobnos\u0165ou"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/157826","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=157826"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/157826\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1646"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=157826"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=157826"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}