{"id":157712,"date":"2026-09-04T22:16:40","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T22:16:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=157712"},"modified":"2026-09-04T22:40:24","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T22:40:24","slug":"hel","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/hel\/","title":{"rendered":"Hel"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"157712\" class=\"elementor elementor-157712 elementor-1890 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hel, bohy\u0148a germ\u00e1nskej trad\u00edcie<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hel je bohy\u0148a germ\u00e1nskej trad\u00edcie.<\/p><p>Vl\u00e1dky\u0148a r\u00ed\u0161e mrtvych, dc\u00e9ra Lokiho a obryne Angrbody, sestra Fenrisovho vlka a hada Jormunganda, ktor\u00fd obop\u00edna Midgard. Hel prij\u00edma du\u0161e v\u0161etk\u00fdch zosnul\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed nepadli v boji, teda t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed sa nedostan\u00fa do Valhaly ani do Folkvangu.<\/p><p>Jej r\u00ed\u0161a <em>Helheim<\/em> nie je miestom utrpenia, ale neutr\u00e1lnou krajinou mrtvych pre t\u00fdch, \u010do zomreli na chorobu, staroba alebo be\u017enou smr\u0165ou. Zobrazuje sa napoly \u017eiv\u00e1 a napoly rozlo\u017een\u00e1, \u010do je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak, ktor\u00fd zastupuje predstavu alebo v\u00fdznam.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbolom<\/span> hranice medzi \u017eivotom a smr\u0165ou.<\/p><p>Hel je germ\u00e1nska bohy\u0148a smrti a dc\u00e9ra Lokiho.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Boh \/ bohy\u0148a: Personifikovan\u00e1 najvy\u0161\u0161ia moc v pante\u00f3ne kult\u00fary, s jasn\u00fdmi zodpovednos\u0165ami \u2013 pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 sily, osud, vojna, plodnos\u0165. Uctievan\u00e1 prostredn\u00edctvom kultov, obet\u00ed a chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch in\u0161tit\u00faci\u00ed.\">Bohy\u0148a<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157606\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Predkres\u0165ansk\u00fd svet bohov a duchov severnej a strednej Eur\u00f3py.\">Germ\u00e1nska<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157701\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Bohovia podsvetia a smrti, vl\u00e1dcovia z\u00e1hrobia, soudcovia mrtvych, sprievodcovia du\u0161\u00ed.\">Bohy\u0148a smrti<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na tejto str\\u00e1nke sa nena\\u0161li \\u017eiadne nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_germanisch_hel-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-159973\" alt=\"Hel - Bohy\u0148a z germ\u00e1nskej trad\u00edcie, historicko-ilustra\u010dn\u00e9 zobrazenie\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_germanisch_hel-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_germanisch_hel-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_germanisch_hel-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_germanisch_hel.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hel<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">R\u00fdchly preh\u013ead: Hel<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Bohy\u0148a smrti, vl\u00e1dky\u0148a podsvetia<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fabor v\u0161etk\u00fdch bohov n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva alebo kult\u00fary.\" tabindex=\"0\">Pante\u00f3n<\/span>: germ\u00e1nsky (seversk\u00fd)<br>Funkcia: vl\u00e1dky\u0148a r\u00ed\u0161e mrtvych Helheim, prij\u00edmate\u013eka mrtvych, str\u00e1\u017eky\u0148a hranice medzi \u017eivotom a smr\u0165ou<br>Hlavn\u00e9 atrib\u00faty: napoly \u017eiv\u00e1 a napoly rozlo\u017een\u00e1 tv\u00e1r, \u010dierny odev, pes Garm, most Gjallarbr\u00fa<br>S\u00eddlo: Helheim (r\u00ed\u0161a mrtvych), sie\u0148 \u00c9lj\u00fadnir, rieka Gj\u00f6ll<br>Germ\u00e1nska paralela: (\u017eiadna, samostatn\u00e1 postava v severskej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fabor tradovan\u00fdch pr\u00edbehov o bohoch danej kult\u00fary.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytol\u00f3gii<\/span>)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Historick\u00e9 zaradenie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzd\u00e1vanie vedomost\u00ed a pr\u00edbehov z gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu.\" tabindex=\"0\">Tradovanie<\/span> o Hel poch\u00e1dza z liter\u00e1rnych zdrojov vrcholn\u00e9ho stredoveku, ale vych\u00e1dza zo star\u0161ej \u00fastnej trad\u00edcie z vikingskej doby a doby s\u0165ahovania n\u00e1rodov. Hlavn\u00fdmi zdrojmi s\u00fa Snorriho Edda (najstar\u0161ie rukopisy z 13. storo\u010dia) a Pies\u0148ov\u00e1 Edda (zap\u00edsan\u00e1 okolo roku 1270, ale vych\u00e1dzaj\u00faca z b\u00e1sn\u00ed z 9. \u2013 11. storo\u010dia).<\/p><p>Saxo Grammaticus vo svojom diele <em>Gesta Danorum<\/em> (okolo roku 1200) pon\u00faka kres\u0165ansky sfarben\u00e9 paraleln\u00e9 podania. N\u00e1lezy <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Mal\u00e9 sv\u00e4t\u00e9 miesto \u00faschovy alebo bohoslu\u017eby.\" tabindex=\"0\">sv\u00e4t\u00fd\u0148<\/span> a hrobov z 6. \u2013 10. storo\u010dia nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee Hel nehrala v kulte centr\u00e1lnu \u00falohu, ale bola pevne zakotven\u00e1 v eschatologickom povedom\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hel bola koncept \u0161kandin\u00e1vskej a germ\u00e1nskej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fahrn tradovan\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed o bohoch danej kult\u00fary.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytol\u00f3gie<\/span>, roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fd v \u0160kandin\u00e1vii (D\u00e1nsko, N\u00f3rsko, \u0160v\u00e9dsko), na Islande a v d\u00e1nsko-n\u00f3rsky ovl\u00e1dan\u00fdch oblastiach. Eddick\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzd\u00e1vanie vedomost\u00ed a rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed z gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu.\" tabindex=\"0\">trad\u00edcia<\/span> je islandsk\u00e1 a \u0161kandin\u00e1vska.<\/p><p>Jazykov\u00e9 odvodeniny mena (anglick\u00e9 &#8222;Hell&#8220; pre kres\u0165ansk\u00e9 peklo) ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee toto meno bolo \u017eiv\u00e9 aj v anglosask\u00fdch os\u00eddlen\u00fdch oblastiach. S christianiz\u00e1ciou (od roku 1000 n. l.) sa Hel a Helheim stali predlohou pre kres\u0165ansk\u00fa predstavu pekla.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdmi zdrojmi s\u00fa Snorriho Edda, najm\u00e4 Gylfaginning (kap. 34 a 49), Pies\u0148ov\u00e1 Edda (najm\u00e4 <em>Vaulospa<\/em> a <em>Vafthrudnismal<\/em>) a Saxo Grammaticus \u2013 <em>Gesta Danorum<\/em>. Prozaick\u00fd predhovor k Pies\u0148ovej Edde a prozaick\u00e9 \u00favody poskytuj\u00fa genealogick\u00fd kontext.<\/p><p>Mytick\u00e1 zmienka \u201eBaldrs draumar\u201c (Baldurov sen) opisuje Helovu spoluvinu na smrti Baldura. Archeologick\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy hrobov, runov\u00e9 kamene a skaldsk\u00e1 po\u00e9zia dopl\u0148uj\u00fa obraz, ale k Helovej konkr\u00e9tnej osobe s\u00fa spor\u00e9.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Meno<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Staron\u00f3rsky:<\/strong> Hel (nominat\u00edv: Hel, genit\u00edv: Heljar), \u017eensk\u00e1 bytos\u0165, znamen\u00e1 \u201eukr\u00fdvaj\u00faca\u201c alebo \u201ezakr\u00fdvaj\u00faca\u201c (pr\u00edbuzn\u00e9 so slovom <em>hylja<\/em> \u201eskr\u00fdva\u0165\u201c, \u201ezakr\u00fdva\u0165\u201c). Pr\u00edvlastky: samostatn\u00e9 pr\u00edvlastky nie s\u00fa dochovan\u00e9, ale staron\u00f3rska literat\u00fara ju ozna\u010duje ako \u201evl\u00e1dky\u0148u r\u00ed\u0161e mrtvych\u201c (<em>Drottning hins dau\u00f0a r\u00edkis<\/em>).<\/p><p>Kres\u0165ansk\u00e1 recepcia: v stredoveku sa meno Hel stalo priamou predlohou pre kres\u0165ansk\u00fa predstavu \u201epekla\u201c (anglicky \u201eHell\u201c, stredohornonemecky \u201eH\u00f6lle\u201c), najm\u00e4 prostredn\u00edctvom islandsk\u00fdch a skandin\u00e1vskych kres\u0165anov, ktor\u00ed alegorizovali pohansk\u00e9 podsvetie.<\/p><p>Germ\u00e1nski pr\u00edbuzn\u00ed: skandin\u00e1vsko-germ\u00e1nska postava, bez priamych menn\u00fdch pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdch v in\u00fdch kult\u00farach. Rodina: dc\u00e9ra boha Lokiho a obryne Angrbody. Sestra Fenrisovho vlka (<em>Fenrir<\/em>) a hada obop\u00ednaj\u00faceho Midgard (<em>Jormungand<\/em>). Ako vl\u00e1dky\u0148a Helheimu m\u00e1 slu\u017eobn\u00edkov Ganglatiho a Ganglot.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Popis<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Vzh\u013ead<\/strong><\/p><p>V staron\u00f3rskych zdrojoch je Hel zobrazovan\u00e1 ako napoly a napoly: jedna strana tela je svetl\u00e1, \u017eiv\u00e1 a s kvitn\u00facim telom, druh\u00e1 strana je tmavomodr\u00e1 a\u017e \u010dierna ako mrtvola. Toto ikonick\u00e9 zobrazenie symbolizuje jej postavenie na hranici medzi \u017eivotom a smr\u0165ou. Nos\u00ed \u010dierne alebo tmavozelen\u00e9 r\u00facho.<\/p><p>Jej tv\u00e1r, napoly kr\u00e1sna a napoly rozlo\u017een\u00e1, nevyjadruje ani zlobu, ani milos\u0165, len neodvratn\u00fa povahu smrte\u013enosti. Sed\u00ed na tr\u00f3ne vo svojej sieni <em>\u00c9lj\u00fadnir<\/em> (dvor da\u017e\u010fa z hnoja alebo vlhkosti, miesto \u00fatrap).<\/p><p><strong>Podstata a p\u00f4sobenie<\/strong><\/p><p>Hel nie je zl\u00e1 v kres\u0165anskom zmysle, ale neutr\u00e1lna, kozmick\u00e1 sila. Riadi r\u00ed\u0161u mrtvych bez v\u00e1\u0161ne. Kto k nej prijde, zost\u00e1va, pokia\u013e bohovia alebo in\u00ed nedosiahnu jeho n\u00e1vrat (\u010do sa st\u00e1va extr\u00e9mne zriedka, pokus o to bol iba v pr\u00edpade Baldura).<\/p><p>Prij\u00edma v\u0161etk\u00fdch zosnul\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed nezomreli v boji: \u017eeny, deti, starcov, chor\u00fdch. Jej r\u00ed\u0161a sa tak z\u00e1sadne l\u00ed\u0161i od Valhaly (pre padl\u00fdch bojovn\u00edkov) a Folkvangu (pre bohy\u0148u Freyu). Na rozdiel od H\u00e1da nie je Hel zobrazovan\u00e1 ako soudky\u0148a, ktor\u00e1 rozhoduje o z\u00e1sluh\u00e1ch, ale ako str\u00e1\u017eky\u0148a nevyhnutn\u00e9ho faktu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Hel<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie aspekty postavy Hel na jeden poh\u013ead. Tabu\u013eka zh\u0155\u0148a p\u00f4vod, funkciu, vzh\u013ead, kult, symboly a paralely.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kult\u00farny kontext<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dc\u00e9ra boha Lokiho a obryne Angrbody (Angrboda), po starosevernsky Angrbodhe. Loki s\u00e1m nie je bohom vo vy\u0161\u0161om zmysle, ale obrom, ktor\u00fd sa pohybuje v spolo\u010denstve bojovn\u00edkov \u00c1sov.<\/p><p>Angrboda je horsk\u00e1 obry\u0148a, matka Lokiho det\u00ed (v niektor\u00fdch verzi\u00e1ch man\u017eelka draka F\u00e1fnira); rodokmene hovoria, \u017ee Loki bol vl\u00e1dcom temnoty. S\u00farodencami Hel s\u00fa vlk Fenrir a hadica Midgardu (J\u00f6rmungand).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funkcia Hel<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vl\u00e1dky\u0148a r\u00ed\u0161e m\u0155tvych Helheim. Prij\u00edma a spr\u00e1vcuje du\u0161e t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed nezomreli v boji. Nie je s\u00fadky\u0148ou, ale str\u00e1\u017eky\u0148ou kozmick\u00e9ho poriadku. Udr\u017eiava hranice Helheimu a neumo\u017e\u0148uje n\u00e1vrat, pokia\u013e to bohovia alebo in\u00e9 mocnosti v\u00fdslovne nepovolia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zjav<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Napoly \u017eiv\u00e1, napoly rozkladaj\u00faca sa. Jedna strana tela je kvitn\u00faca a ru\u017eov\u00e1, druh\u00e1 je modro-opuchnut\u00e1 a \u010dierna ako m\u00e4so dlho po smrti. \u010cierne alebo tmavozelen\u00e9 r\u00facho. O\u010d\u00ed bez teplo, ale aj bez zlomyse\u013enosti, nekone\u010dne neutr\u00e1lne. \u010casto nos\u00ed korunu alebo diad\u00e9m z kost\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kult Hel<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hel nebola popul\u00e1rnym <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fahrn n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u00factov\u00fdch prakt\u00edk vo\u010di bo\u017estvu alebo sv\u00e4tej postave.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultom<\/span>&#8211;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bytos\u0165 uctievan\u00e1 ako bo\u017esk\u00e1 v r\u00e1mci n\u00e1bo\u017eenstva.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017estvom<\/span> v zmysle chr\u00e1mov alebo pravideln\u00fdch sl\u00e1vnost\u00ed. Bola v\u0161ak vz\u00fdvan\u00e1 pri pohrebn\u00fdch obradoch a spom\u00ednan\u00e1 v s\u00e1gach a pr\u00edsah\u00e1ch.<\/p><p>Pri predtuch\u00e1ch smrti alebo v sm\u00fatku sa \u017eeny a k\u0148a\u017eky mohli modli\u0165 k Hel, aby vyprosili pokojn\u00fd vstup do r\u00ed\u0161e m\u0155tvych. V skaldskej po\u00e9zii sa Hel pou\u017e\u00edvala metaforicky pre strach zo smrti a minulosti. Nie s\u00fa dolo\u017een\u00e9 \u017eiadne konkr\u00e9tne obetn\u00e9 dary.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Symboly Hel<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Napoly rozdelen\u00e1 tv\u00e1r, \u010dierne r\u00facho, pes Garm (str\u00e1\u017eca pred Helheimom), most <em>Gjallarbr\u00fa<\/em> (duniv\u00fd most nad riekou <em>Gj\u00f6ll<\/em>), sie\u0148 <em>\u00c9lj\u00fa\u00f0nir<\/em>, st\u00f4l <em>Hungerh\u00f3rde<\/em> (Hlad), ly\u017eica <em>Sleggr<\/em> (Lenivos\u0165).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pendants<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00e1des (Gr\u00e9cko, funk\u010dne podobn\u00fd, ale mu\u017esk\u00fd), Ere\u0161kigal (Mezopot\u00e1mia, tie\u017e \u017eensk\u00e1 vl\u00e1dky\u0148a podsvetia), Jamar\u00e1d\u017ea (hinduizmus, neutr\u00e1lna spr\u00e1va r\u00ed\u0161e m\u0155tvych), Persefona (Gr\u00e9cko, ambivalentn\u00fd aspekt \u017eivota a smrti), Hekat\u00e9 (Gr\u00e9cko, funkcia prahu), Mictecacihuatl (azt\u00e9cka, vl\u00e1dky\u0148a r\u00ed\u0161e m\u0155tvych, \u017eensk\u00e1).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mytick\u00e9 \u00falohy a pr\u00edbehy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u00danos Baldura a Helov s\u013eub<\/strong><\/p><p>Najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00ed pr\u00edbeh, v ktorom Hel hr\u00e1 k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fa \u00falohu, je smr\u0165 Baldura, najkraj\u0161ieho z bohov. Loki o\u0161klbe slep\u00e9ho boha H\u00f6da, aby hodil vetvi\u010dku imela na Baldura, jedin\u00fa vec, ktor\u00e1 mohla Baldurovi ubl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 (preto\u017ee v\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 bytosti a veci pris\u013e\u00fabili, \u017ee mu neubl\u00ed\u017eia).<\/p><p>Baldur zomiera a pad\u00e1 do r\u00ed\u0161e Hel. Bohovia vysielaj\u00fa Herm\u00f3da, posla Odina, na Sleipnirovi (Odinovom osemnohom koni), aby zi\u0161iel dole a poprosil Hel o n\u00e1vrat Baldura.<\/p><p>Hel s\u013e\u00fabi: Baldur sa m\u00f4\u017ee vr\u00e1ti\u0165, ak za n\u00edm bud\u00fa plaka\u0165 v\u0161etky \u017eiv\u00e9 bytosti. Pla\u010de takmer v\u0161etko, bohovia, \u013eudia, zvierat\u00e1, kamene. Iba star\u00e1 obry\u0148a <em>Th\u00f6kk<\/em> (pod\u013ea niektor\u00fdch v\u00fdkladov Loki v inej podobe) odmieta plaka\u0165.<\/p><p>Preto si Hel Baldura zadr\u017e\u00ed. Tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradi\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00edbeh o bohoch, p\u00f4vode a poriadku svet.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtus<\/span> ukazuje Hel ako nezmierite\u013en\u00fa a neovplyvnite\u013en\u00fa: jej moc nad smr\u0165ou je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia ne\u017e moc samotn\u00fdch bohov.<\/p><p><strong>Hel v V\u00f4lusp\u00e1 (Z\u00e1nik svetov)<\/strong><\/p><p>V apokalyptickej v\u00edzii <em>V\u00f4lusp\u00e1<\/em> vystupuje Hel v posledn\u00fdch d\u0148och, ke\u010f sa poriadok rozpad\u00e1. Sie\u0148 \u00c9lj\u00fa\u00f0nir sa rozpad\u00e1, m\u0155tvi sa hrn\u00fa k Ragnar\u00f6ku. Sama nie je op\u00edsan\u00e1 ako bojovn\u00ed\u010dka, ale ako sila, ktor\u00e1 sa un\u00e1\u0161a spolu s chaosom.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hel, paralely v in\u00fdch kult\u00farach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Gr\u00e9cka trad\u00edcia:<\/strong> H\u00e1des (mu\u017esk\u00fd vl\u00e1dca podsvetia) zdie\u013ea s Hel funkciu spr\u00e1vcu a neutr\u00e1lnej sily. Na rozdiel od Hel sa v\u0161ak u H\u00e1da vyskytuj\u00fa aj mor\u00e1lne s\u00fady a hierarchie (Er\u00ednye, El\u00fdzium oproti Tartaru). Helheim tak\u00e9to rozl\u00ed\u0161enie nem\u00e1, patr\u00ed v\u0161etk\u00fdm m\u0155tvym bez s\u00fadu du\u0161\u00ed.<\/p><p><strong>Mezopot\u00e1mska trad\u00edcia:<\/strong> Ere\u0161kigal (vl\u00e1dky\u0148a podsvetia Irkally, \u017eensk\u00e1, ako Hel) ukazuje podobn\u00fa neutralitu. Pr\u00edbeh o Inannovom zostupe k Ere\u0161kigal m\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00farne paralely s pr\u00edbehom o Baldurovi: mocn\u00e1 postava je priveden\u00e1 k \u017eenskej vl\u00e1dkyni podsvetia a (\u010diasto\u010dne) sa vracia, ale podmienky s\u00fa nemilosrdn\u00e9.<\/p><p><strong>Egyptsk\u00e1 trad\u00edcia:<\/strong> Osiris je sk\u00f4r spravodliv\u00fdm s\u00fadcom ne\u017e len spr\u00e1vcom; Anubis je sk\u00f4r prievodcom. Hel kombinuje obe funkcie, bez mor\u00e1lno-pr\u00e1vnej vrstvy.<\/p><p><strong>Hinduistick\u00e1 trad\u00edcia:<\/strong> Jamar\u00e1d\u017ea (vl\u00e1dca r\u00ed\u0161e m\u0155tvych Jamaloka) zdie\u013ea s Hel neutralitu a nevyhnutnos\u0165. Na rozdiel od Hel v\u0161ak Jamar\u00e1d\u017ea nie je viazan\u00fd na miesto, ale pravidelne nav\u0161tevuje svet.<\/p><p><strong>Keltsk\u00e1 trad\u00edcia:<\/strong> Bans\u00eddhe a in\u00e9 bytosti onoho svet s\u00fa sk\u00f4r spolo\u010dn\u00ed\u010dky ne\u017e vl\u00e1dkyne. Gwydion a keltsk\u00e9 podsvetie Annwn s\u00fa menej personifikovan\u00e9 ne\u017e celkom konkr\u00e9tna postava Hel.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x7christ e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x7christ\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-xh7chris elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"xh7chris\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kres\u0165ansk\u00e1 recepcia a etymol\u00f3gia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-xc7chris e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"xc7chris\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bw-xt7chris-3ec7bf9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bw-xt7chris-3ec7bf9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-xt7chris elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"xt7chris\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S kristianiz\u00e1ciou \u0160kandin\u00e1vie a Nemecka (od cca 1000 n. l.) sa pohansk\u00e1 Hel a jej r\u00ed\u0161a Helheim stali metaforou pre kres\u0165ansk\u00e9 peklo. Islandsk\u00e9 k\u00e1zania a texty z 12. \u2013 14. storo\u010dia hovoria o \u201eHelheime&#8220; ako o pekle, o Helov\u00fdch posloch alebo d\u00e9monoch ako o peklo-bojovn\u00edkoch.<\/p><p>Starosevernsk\u00fd n\u00e1zov Hel (skr\u00fdvaj\u00faca, zaha\u013euj\u00faca) sa presl\u00e1vil v anglickom \u201eHell&#8220; a v strednej hornej nem\u010dine ako \u201eH\u00f6lle&#8220;, etymologick\u00e9 s\u00favislosti s\u00fa sporn\u00e9, ale s\u00e9mantick\u00e9 zrovnanie je v prame\u0148och dobre dolo\u017een\u00e9. Meno Hel tak pre\u0161lo premenou z kozmickej sily na symbol zatratenia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0b073d2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp0b073d2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf67e00b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpf67e00b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pramene: Snorri Sturluson a probl\u00e9m systematiz\u00e1cie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0693fe8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp0693fe8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp416dfe3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp416dfe3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Takmer v\u0161etko, \u010do sa pova\u017euje za s\u00favisl\u00fd obraz bohyne mrtvych Hel, poch\u00e1dza z jedin\u00e9ho zdroja: <em>Pr\u00f3zaickej Eddy<\/em> islandsk\u00e9ho u\u010denca a politika Snorriho Sturlusona, nap\u00edsanej na za\u010diatku trin\u00e1steho storo\u010dia.<\/p><p>Snorri v <em>Gylfaginningu<\/em> popisuje Hel ako dc\u00e9ru Lokiho a obryne Angrbo\u00f0y, sestru Fenrisovho vlka a Midgardsk\u00e9ho hada, s\u010dasti tmav\u00fa, s\u010dasti be\u017enej farby pleti, a opisuje, ako ju Odin zvrhol do podsvetia a dal jej moc nad v\u0161etk\u00fdmi, ktor\u00ed zomieraj\u00fa na chorobu a starobu.<\/p><p>Tento uzavret\u00fd opis je potrebn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edta\u0165 s opatrnos\u0165ou. Snorri p\u00edsal viac ako dve storo\u010dia po christianiz\u00e1cii Islandu. Bol to kres\u0165ansky vzdelan\u00fd autor, ktor\u00fd chcel pohansk\u00fd materi\u00e1l usporiada\u0165, vysvetli\u0165 a liter\u00e1rne stv\u00e1rni\u0165.<\/p><p>B\u00e1danie sa dlho zaober\u00e1 ot\u00e1zkou, ko\u013eko z Snorriho Hel siaha k starej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzd\u00e1vanie vedomost\u00ed a rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed z gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu.\" tabindex=\"0\">trad\u00edcii<\/span> a ko\u013eko je jeho vlastnou systematiz\u00e1ciou, mo\u017eno ovplyvnenou kres\u0165anskou predstavou pekla, ktor\u00e1 sa u\u017e oz\u00fdvala v starosevernom slove <em>hel<\/em>.<\/p><p>Star\u0161ie zdroje, piesne <em>Pies\u0148ovej Eddy<\/em> a skaldsk\u00e1 po\u00e9zia, poznaj\u00fa <em>hel<\/em> s\u00edce, ale v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou sk\u00f4r ako n\u00e1zov miesta pre r\u00ed\u0161u mrtvych ne\u017e ako rozpracovan\u00fa postavu bohyne. Slovn\u00e9 spojenie \u201eod\u00eds\u0165 do Hel\u201c znamenalo p\u00f4vodne jednoducho \u201ezomrie\u0165\u201c.<\/p><p>\u010ci za t\u00fdmto miestom od za\u010diatku st\u00e1la personifikovan\u00e1 vl\u00e1dky\u0148a, alebo \u010di bola personifik\u00e1cia rozvinut\u00e1 a\u017e druhotne, sa ned\u00e1 s istotou rozhodn\u00fa\u0165. Kto hovor\u00ed o Hel, mal by t\u00fato nejednozna\u010dnos\u0165 prame\u0148ov v\u017edy spomen\u00fa\u0165.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf6b53aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpf6b53aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc38a2ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpc38a2ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Smr\u0165 Baldra a Helina podmienka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe54e75f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpe54e75f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9254066 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp9254066\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edm s\u00favisl\u00fdm rozpr\u00e1van\u00edm, v ktorom Hel vystupuje ako konaj\u00faca postava, je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradi\u010dn\u00e9 rozpr\u00e1vanie o bohoch, p\u00f4vode a poriadku svet.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtus<\/span> o smrti boha Baldra, zaznamenan\u00fd v Snorriho <em>Gylfaginningu<\/em>.<\/p><p>Baldra, kr\u00e1sneho a ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e9ho syna Odina, zabije lstivos\u0165ou Loki: slep\u00fd boh H\u00f6\u00f0r, veden\u00fd Lokim, po \u0148om vrhne vetvi\u010dku imela, jedin\u00fa vec, ktor\u00fa Baldr nepris\u013e\u00fabil, \u017ee ho u\u0161etr\u00ed.<\/p><p>Baldr zomiera a zostupuje do r\u00ed\u0161e Hel.<\/p><p>Bohovia ho chc\u00fa z\u00edska\u0165 sp\u00e4\u0165. Posol Herm\u00f3\u00f0r jazd\u00ed na Odinovom koni Sleipnirovi dev\u00e4\u0165 noc\u00ed temn\u00fdmi \u00fadoliami a\u017e k br\u00e1ne Helinho sveta. N\u00e1jde tam Baldra sedie\u0165 na \u010destnom mieste a pros\u00ed Hel, aby ho prepustila.<\/p><p>Hel stanov\u00ed podmienku: ak naozaj v\u0161etky veci na svete, \u017eiv\u00e9 aj mrtve, bud\u00fa plaka\u0165 za Baldrom, m\u00f4\u017ee sa vr\u00e1ti\u0165; ak \u010do i len jedna nepla\u010d\u0435, zostane u nej.<\/p><p>Bohovia vy\u0161l\u00fa poslov do cel\u00e9ho svet a v\u0161etko pla\u010de, \u013eudia, zvierat\u00e1, kamene a stromy. Iba jedna obry\u0148a menom \u00de\u00f6kk, za ktorou rozpr\u00e1vanie tu\u0161\u00ed Lokiho, odmietne. Tak zost\u00e1va Baldr v Helinej r\u00ed\u0161i a\u017e do konca svet.<\/p><p>V tejto epiz\u00f3de sa ukazuje Helina povaha. Nie je krut\u00e1 ani lstiv\u00e1; rokuje, dodr\u017eiava podmienky, zaobch\u00e1dza s Baldrom \u010destne. Ale ni\u010d ned\u00e1 bez protihodnoty, a jej podmienka je nastaven\u00e1 tak, \u017ee sta\u010d\u00ed jedin\u00fd odpor, aby zlyhala.<\/p><p>Hel steles\u0148uje nevyjednate\u013enos\u0165 smrti v podobe rokovania, ktor\u00e9 takmer uspeje. Toto rozpr\u00e1vanie patr\u00ed z\u00e1rove\u0148 do ve\u013ek\u00e9ho obl\u00faka severskej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fabor tradovan\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed o bohoch danej kult\u00fary.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytol\u00f3gie<\/span>, preto\u017ee Baldrova smr\u0165 sa pova\u017euje za prv\u00e9 znamenie bl\u00ed\u017eiaceho sa <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=158034\">Ragnar\u00f6ku<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3ad9077 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp3ad9077\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp023632b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp023632b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Etymol\u00f3gia a v\u00fdznam skr\u00fdvania<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp80f1a99 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp80f1a99\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfa52f44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpfa52f44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Meno <em>Hel<\/em> patr\u00ed k germ\u00e1nskemu kore\u0148u, ktor\u00fd znamen\u00e1 \u201eskr\u00fdva\u0165\u201c, \u201ezaha\u013eova\u0165\u201c, \u201ezakr\u00fdva\u0165\u201c. Ten ist\u00fd kore\u0148 sa nach\u00e1dza v slov\u00e1ch pre skryt\u00e9 a zaha\u013euj\u00face; v nem\u010dine s\u00fa pr\u00edbuzn\u00e9 slov\u00e1 \u201ehehlen\u201c a \u201everhehlen\u201c, rovnako ako \u201eH\u00f6hle\u201c (jasky\u0148a).<\/p><p>Hel je teda p\u00f4vodne \u201et\u00e1 skr\u00fdvaj\u00faca\u201c alebo \u201eskryt\u00e9\u201c, a r\u00ed\u0161a mrtvych, ktor\u00e1 nesie jej meno, je ten skryt\u00fd, zakryt\u00fd miesto, kam odch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa mrtvi.<\/p><p>T\u00e1to etymol\u00f3gia je z n\u00e1bo\u017eenskohistorick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska pozoruhodn\u00e1, preto\u017ee ukazuje, \u017ee meno p\u00f4vodne ozna\u010dovalo miesto a stav, nie osobu. Skr\u00fdvanie, bytie pod zemou, vymanenie sa z poh\u013eadov je jeho jadrom. Personifik\u00e1cia v podobe bohyne Hel by potom bola druh\u00fdm krokom: skryt\u00e9 miesto dost\u00e1va vl\u00e1dky\u0148u, ktor\u00e1 nesie jeho meno.<\/p><p>Prostredn\u00edctvom starosevernaho slova <em>hel<\/em> sa toto slovo dostalo do kres\u0165anskej pojmovej v\u00fdbavy. Ke\u010f boli germ\u00e1nske jazyky christianizovan\u00e9, bolo prirodzen\u00e9 prenies\u0165 existuj\u00face slovo pre r\u00ed\u0161u mrtvych na kres\u0165ansk\u00e9 miesto trestu. Tak sa z germ\u00e1nskeho <em>hel<\/em> stalo nemeck\u00e9 \u201eH\u00f6lle\u201c a anglick\u00e9 <em>hell<\/em>. Tento prenos v\u0161ak p\u00f4vodn\u00fa predstavu skreslil.<\/p><p>Starosevern\u00e1 Hel nie je miestom trestu a utrpenia. Je to s\u00eddlo t\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed zomieraj\u00fa na chorobu a starobu, na rozdiel od padl\u00fdch v boji, ktor\u00ed prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa do Valhaly.<\/p><p>Mor\u00e1lne rozdelenie na dobr\u00e9 miesto a miesto trestu, ktor\u00e9 prin\u00e1\u0161a kres\u0165ansk\u00e9 slovo, bolo p\u00f4vodn\u00e9mu pojmu Hel cudzie. Tu sa skr\u00fdva jeden z najtrvalej\u0161\u00edch omylov v\u00fdkladu severskej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fabor tradovan\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed o bohoch danej kult\u00fary.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytol\u00f3gie<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfa40877 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpfa40877\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp10ba399 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp10ba399\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Helina r\u00ed\u0161a v topografii druh\u00e9ho svet<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp13c57a0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp13c57a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2eea4bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2eea4bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Helina r\u00ed\u0161a je s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou zlo\u017eitej posmrtnej geografie, ktor\u00fa vykres\u013euj\u00fa staroseversk\u00e9 prame\u0148e, predov\u0161etk\u00fdm op\u00e4\u0165 Snorri. Le\u017e\u00ed na severe a dole, dosiahnute\u013en\u00e1 dlhou, temnou cestou, ktor\u00fa prekon\u00e1va Herm\u00f3\u00f0r v <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00fd pr\u00edbeh o bohoch, p\u00f4vode a poriadku sveta.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdte<\/span> o Baldrovi.<\/p><p>Vedie ta most cez rieku Gj\u00f6ll, str\u00e1\u017een\u00fd str\u00e1\u017eky\u0148ou menom M\u00f3\u00f0gu\u00f0r, a r\u00ed\u0161u uzatv\u00e1ra br\u00e1na. Snorri d\u00e1va Helinu obydliu a jej n\u00e1\u010diniu mraziv\u00e9, v\u00fdsti\u017en\u00e9 men\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 ozna\u010duj\u00fa hlad, chorobu a rozklad.<\/p><p>Postavenie tejto r\u00ed\u0161e v celkovom syst\u00e9me sa v prame\u0148och nepod\u00e1va zcela bez rozporov. Popri Hel poznaj\u00fa prame\u0148e aj Valhalu, sie\u0148 padl\u00fdch v boji, a r\u00ed\u0161u bohyne Freyje, ktor\u00e1 tie\u017e prij\u00edma \u010das\u0165 m\u0155tvych.<\/p><p>Ako sa tieto oblasti navz\u00e1jom vz\u0165ahuj\u00fa a pod\u013ea ak\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed sa zosnul\u00fd dostane na to \u010di ono miesto, nie je v prame\u0148och systematicky vyjasnen\u00e9. Predstava, \u017ee o posmrtnom osude rozhoduje sp\u00f4sob smrti, je najbe\u017enej\u0161ia, no nevysvet\u013euje v\u0161etky doklady.<\/p><p>K tomu sa prid\u00e1va miesto N\u00e1str\u00f6nd, \u201epobre\u017eie m\u0155tvol&#8220;, ktor\u00e9 popisuje <em>V\u00f6lusp\u00e1<\/em> &#8211; sie\u0148 spleten\u00e1 z hadov, v ktorej trpia klam\u00e1ri a vrahovia. \u010ci toto trestn\u00e9 miesto patr\u00ed k Helinej r\u00ed\u0161i, alebo je samostatnou oblas\u0165ou, sa v b\u00e1dan\u00ed st\u00e1le diskutuje; niektor\u00ed v tom vidia u\u017e kres\u0165ansk\u00fd vplyv.<\/p><p>Staroseversk\u00e1 predstava o posmrtnom \u017eivote teda nie je uzavret\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom, ale s\u00faborom obrazov z r\u00f4znych \u010dias a oblast\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 stredovek\u00ed zberatelia zharmonizovali len \u010diasto\u010dne. Helina r\u00ed\u0161a je v \u0148om najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou a najv\u0161eobecnej\u0161ou oblas\u0165ou, miestom oby\u010dajnej, nev\u00fdraznej smrti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u00favisiace odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literat\u00fara (v\u00fdber)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Sturluson, Snorri: <em>Die Snorra-Edda<\/em> (Gylfaginning, Kap. 34 und 49). \u00dcbers. v. Felix Niedner. Diederichs, 1912 (viele Neuauflagen).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet><em>Die Lieder-Edda<\/em> (Voluspa, Vafthrudnismal, Baldrs draumar). \u00dcbers. v. Felix Niedner. Diederichs, 1912.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Saxo Grammaticus: <em>Gesta Danorum<\/em> (Books 1-9). Transl. Peter Fisher. Brewer, 1979.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Turville-Petre, E.O.G.: <em>Myth and Religion of the North: The Religion of Ancient Scandinavia<\/em>. Greenwood Press, 1975.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Simek, Rudolf: <em>W\u00f6rterbuch der Klassischen Altnordischen <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fahrn tradovan\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed kult\u00fary o bohoch.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mythologie<\/span><\/em>. Kr\u00f6ner, 1984 (Lemma &#8222;Hel&#8220;).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>MacLeod, Mindy and Mees, Bernard: <em>Runic Amulets and Magic Objects<\/em>. Boydell Press, 2006.<\/span><\/li><li>Schrader, Lutz und Geuenich, Dieter (Hg.): <em>Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde<\/em>, Bd. 14 (Lemma &#8222;Unterwelt&#8220;).<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1721,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Hel","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Hel \u2013 vl\u00e1dky\u0148a podsvetia, germ\u00e1nska bohy\u0148a smrti","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Hel: napoly \u017eiv\u00e1, napoly rozlo\u017een\u00e1. Baldurovo utrpenie, mytol\u00f3gia, christianiz\u00e1cia a germ\u00e1nska eschatol\u00f3gia v novom svetle.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"3","wesen_kultur":"germanisch","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-157712","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hel \u2013 vl\u00e1dky\u0148a podsvetia, germ\u00e1nska bohy\u0148a smrti<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hel: napoly \u017eiv\u00e1, napoly rozlo\u017een\u00e1. 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