{"id":157622,"date":"2026-09-04T22:15:20","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T22:15:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=157622"},"modified":"2026-09-04T22:37:58","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T22:37:58","slug":"troll","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/troll\/","title":{"rendered":"Troll"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"157622\" class=\"elementor elementor-157622 elementor-1031\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Troll, duch germ\u00e1nskej trad\u00edcie<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Troll je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Netelesn\u00e1 bytos\u0165, ktorej sa pripisuje p\u00f4sobenie vo svete.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span> germ\u00e1nskej trad\u00edcie.<\/p><p><strong>Obrovsk\u00e1 horsk\u00e1 bytos\u0165, medzi eddick\u00fdm thursom a \u013eudov\u00fdm rozpr\u00e1vkov\u00fdm obrom.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Duch: Netelesn\u00e1 alebo poloetelesn\u00e1 bytos\u0165, zosnul\u00ed, pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 bytosti, dom\u00e1ci duchovia alebo str\u00e1\u017ecovia prahov. P\u00f4sob\u00ed v ka\u017edodennom \u017eivote, \u010dasto viazan\u00fd na miesta alebo rodiny.\">Duch<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157606\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Predkres\u0165ansk\u00fd svet bohov a duchov severnej a strednej Eur\u00f3py.\">Germ\u00e1nska trad\u00edcia<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157694\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Zviera-\u010dlovek bytos\u0165 so schopnos\u0165ou premeny, vlkola\u010dia, li\u0161\u010dia, vt\u00e1\u010dia alebo hadia podoba.\">Tvarotvorec<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na tejto str\\u00e1nke sa nena\\u0161li \\u017eiadne nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_troll-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-160122\" alt=\"Trol \u2013 duch z germ\u00e1nskej trad\u00edcie, historicko-ilustra\u010dn\u00e9 zobrazenie\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_troll-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_troll-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_troll-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_troll.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Troll<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Troll je jednou z najviacvrstvov\u00fdch post\u00e1v nordickej trad\u00edcie. P\u00f4vodne ve\u013emi \u0161iroko ch\u00e1pan\u00fd (starosevernsk\u00fd <em>troll<\/em> m\u00f4\u017ee znamena\u0165 \u201e\u010darovn\u00fa bytos\u0165&#8220; v\u0161eobecne), pojem sa v \u013eudov\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1vkach a literat\u00fare zu\u017euje na obrovsk\u00e9ho obyvate\u013ea h\u00f4r a lesov: hl\u00fapeho alebo lstiv\u00e9ho, v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho, ob\u010das komick\u00e9ho.<\/p><p>Ob\u00fdva jaskyne, hory, od\u013eahl\u00e9 lesy, un\u00e1\u0161a \u013eud\u00ed, kradne nevesty, str\u00e1\u017ei poklady a pri slne\u010dnom svetle sa men\u00ed na kame\u0148.<\/p><p>Pozad\u00edm s\u00fa j\u00f6tnar a thursar z Eddy, mytick\u00ed obri, ktor\u00ed stoja proti bohom. V \u0161kandin\u00e1vskej \u013eudovej trad\u00edcii sa tieto bytosti sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa s region\u00e1lnymi horsk\u00fdmi a lesn\u00fdmi duchmi do trolla \u013eudov\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1vok, zachyten\u00e9ho v n\u00f3rskych zbierkach povest\u00ed Asbj\u00f8rnsena a Moea, v islandskom <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00e1 \u013eudov\u00e1 kult\u00fara so zvykmi, rozpr\u00e1vaniami a pies\u0148ami.\" tabindex=\"0\">folkl\u00f3re<\/span>, vo f\u00ednskych rozpr\u00e1vkach. Modern\u00e1 fantasy literat\u00fara (Tolkien, Rowlingov\u00e1, Pratchett) urobila obraz trolla zn\u00e1mym po celom svete.<\/p><div><p><strong>Trollovia a horsk\u00ed trollovia v Edde a sag\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p><p>Snorri Sturluson v <em>Pr\u00f3za-Edde<\/em> (okolo 1220), najm\u00e4 v \u010dasti <em>Sk\u00e1ldskaparm\u00e1l<\/em> (Re\u010d skaldov), popisuje dve odli\u0161n\u00e9 kateg\u00f3rie trollov. Jedna sa zobrazuje ako obyvatelia h\u00f4r, ve\u013ek\u00ed, mohutn\u00ed a hl\u00fapi, nepriatelia \u013eud\u00ed a bohov. Druh\u00e1, men\u0161ia a pohotovej\u0161ia, sa objavuje v kontexte \u010darov a premien.<\/p><p>Toto rozl\u00ed\u0161enie nesk\u00f4r umo\u017enilo zaradi\u0165 rozli\u010dn\u00e9 pozorovania a podania o trolloch do rozli\u010dn\u00fdch kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed. Sk\u00e1ldskaparm\u00e1l pojedn\u00e1va o trolloch aj ako o poetickej metafore, \u010do nazna\u010duje u\u010den\u00e9 zaoberanie sa t\u00e9mou, nie len \u010disto \u013eudov\u00fa trad\u00edciu.<\/p><p>V islandsk\u00fdch sag\u00e1ch (Heimskringla, Egilova saga, Grettisova saga) sa trollovia zjavuj\u00fa ako chaotick\u00e1 sila, ktor\u00e1 sa dost\u00e1va do konfliktu s \u013eu\u010fmi a bohmi, ale zriedka nesie hlavn\u00fd dej. Ich pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 p\u00f4sob\u00ed ako zosobnenie divokosti alebo in\u00e9ho svet\u00e9lka, viac ako plnohodnotne rozvinut\u00fd typ postavy funguje ako zna\u010dkovac\u00ed prvok v rozpr\u00e1vanom svete.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Preh\u013ead: Troll<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Obrovsk\u00e1 horsk\u00e1\/lesn\u00e1 bytos\u0165<br>P\u00f4vod: eddick\u00ed j\u00f6tnar a thursar, region\u00e1lni horsk\u00ed duchovia<br>Texty: Edda, islandsk\u00e9 sagy, Asbj\u00f8rnsen &amp; Moe, Grimm, modern\u00e1 fantasy<br>\u010casov\u00fd \u00fasek: od doby vikingov po s\u00fa\u010dasnos\u0165<br>Obrana: slne\u010dn\u00e9 svetlo, kostoln\u00e9 zvony, oce\u013e, so\u013e<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zaradenie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mytologicky zakotven\u00fd v eddick\u00fdch j\u00f6tnaroch. Liter\u00e1rne rozkvitaj\u00faci v islandsk\u00fdch sag\u00e1ch (Grettisova saga, B\u00e1r\u00f0arova saga). Postava \u013eudov\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1vok v \u0161kandin\u00e1vskej trad\u00edcii od stredoveku, hojne zozbieran\u00e1 v 19. storo\u010d\u00ed (Asbj\u00f8rnsen &amp; Moe). Modern\u00e1 popkult\u00farna postava od Tolkiena.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0160kandin\u00e1via, N\u00f3rsko, \u0160v\u00e9dsko, Island ako hlavn\u00e1 oblas\u0165. F\u00ednske a s\u00e1mske varianty. Nemecko pozn\u00e1 \u201etrollov&#8220; najm\u00e4 prostredn\u00edctvom \u0161kandin\u00e1vskych prekladov; vlastn\u00ed horsk\u00ed a lesn\u00ed obri maj\u00fa in\u00e9 men\u00e1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Edda (V\u00f6lusp\u00e1, Gr\u00edmnism\u00e1l), islandsk\u00e9 sagy, <em>Norske Folkeeventyr<\/em> od Asbj\u00f8rnsena a Moea, \u0161kandin\u00e1vsky a f\u00ednsky <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Veda sk\u00famaj\u00faca ka\u017edodenn\u00fa kult\u00faru, zvyky a tradovan\u00e9 predstavy.\" tabindex=\"0\">folkloristika<\/span>, modern\u00e1 fantasy literat\u00fara.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Meno<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Starosevernsky:<\/strong> <em>troll<\/em>, \u0161iroko ch\u00e1pan\u00fd ako \u201e\u010dary, mon\u0161trum, magick\u00e1 bytos\u0165&#8220;.<br>Eddick\u00e9 pojmy: <em>j\u00f6tunn<\/em> (mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo j\u00f6tnar), \u201eobor&#8220;; <em>thurs<\/em>, \u201ezloduch&#8220;.<br>Modern\u00e9 n\u00e1zvy: horsk\u00fd troll, lesn\u00fd troll, Troldkone (trollia \u017eena), Trollkunig (islandsky).<br>Tolkien: trollovia ako podtyp orkovsk\u00e9ho sveta, kamenej\u00faci na dennom svetle.<\/p><p>Z\u00fa\u017eenie v\u00fdznamu od v\u0161eobecnej \u010darovnej bytosti k konkr\u00e9tnemu horsk\u00e9mu obrovi sa odohr\u00e1va v neskorom stredoveku a za\u010diatku novoveku. V niektor\u00fdch islandsk\u00fdch textoch zost\u00e1va pojem \u0161irok\u00fd, <em>troll<\/em> tam m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 aj \u010darodejnica.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Charakteristiky<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Vzh\u013ead<\/strong><\/p><p>Obrovsk\u00fd, \u010dasto vysok\u00fd nieko\u013eko metrov. \u0160kared\u00fd, s hrub\u00fdm nosom, bradavicami, zamotan\u00fdmi vlasmi. V niektor\u00fdch trad\u00edci\u00e1ch s viacer\u00fdmi hlavami. Ko\u017ea v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou siv\u00e1 alebo obrasten\u00e1 machom, pripom\u00ednaj\u00faca skalu. V n\u00f3rskych poh\u00e1dkach \u010dasto s chvostom.<\/p><p><strong>Spr\u00e1vanie<\/strong><\/p><p>\u017dije v jaskyniach a hor\u00e1ch. Nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd pre p\u00fatnikov, un\u00e1\u0161a nevesty, kradne deti, str\u00e1\u017ei pokladyy. Menej inteligentn\u00fd ako \u010dlovek; v \u013eudov\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1vkach ho \u010dasto prem\u00f4\u017ee \u013eudsk\u00e1 \u013estivos\u0165. Niektor\u00e9 trolly sa po zotmen\u00ed tajne vyd\u00e1vaj\u00fa do ded\u00edn, a ke\u010f ich zastihne v\u00fdchod slnka, zmenia sa na skalu.<\/p><p><strong>Oblas\u0165 p\u00f4sobenia<\/strong><\/p><p>Horsk\u00e9 oblasti, hlbok\u00e9 lesy, osamel\u00e9 jaskyne a skaln\u00e9 rozsedliny. Niektor\u00e9 ikonick\u00e9 skaln\u00e9 \u00fatvary v N\u00f3rsku sa dodnes vykladaj\u00fa ako skamenen\u00e9 trolly (Trolltunga, Trollveggen).<\/p><p><strong>Mytologick\u00e9 zaradenie<\/strong><\/p><p>V edickej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fabor tradovan\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed o bohoch danej kult\u00fary.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytol\u00f3gii<\/span> patria J\u00f6tnar k prvotn\u00fdm sil\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 predch\u00e1dzali bohom. Thor je ich hlavn\u00fdm protivn\u00edkom. V \u013eudovej trad\u00edcii tento kozmick\u00fd rozmer str\u00e1ca na v\u00fdzname; troll sa st\u00e1va be\u017enou bytos\u0165ou h\u00f4r a lesov.<\/p><div><p><strong>Zbierka Asbj\u00f8rnsena a Moea a seversk\u00e1 moderna<\/strong><\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>N\u00f3rski folkloristi Peter Christen Asbj\u00f8rnsen a J\u00f8rgen Moe vyd\u00e1vali od roku 1841 svoje <em>Norske Folkeeventyr<\/em> (N\u00f3rske \u013eudov\u00e9 rozpr\u00e1vky). Ich zbierka obsahovala mno\u017estvo pr\u00edbehov o trolloch: trolloch str\u00e1\u017eiacich mosty, zv\u00e1dzaj\u00facich \u013eud\u00ed alebo sv\u00e1riacich sa s bohmi.<\/span><\/p><p>Asbj\u00f8rnsen a Moe zjemnili opisy trollov a urobili ich narat\u00edvne pr\u00edstupnej\u0161\u00edmi. Zdokumentovali aj region\u00e1lnu rozmanitos\u0165 (fjordov\u00ed trolli, horsk\u00ed trolli, jazern\u00ed trolli), \u010do podporilo \u0161pecializ\u00e1ciu trad\u00edcie o trolloch.<\/p><p>T\u00e1to zbierka, mnohokr\u00e1t znovu vydan\u00e1 a prelo\u017een\u00e1 do viacer\u00fdch jazykov, sa stala k\u00e1nonick\u00fdm dielom pre eur\u00f3psky romantizmus a stanovila \u0161tandard pre ch\u00e1panie seversk\u00fdch trollov v modernej literat\u00fare a folkloristike.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Troll<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie inform\u00e1cie o trolle na jednom mieste.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kult\u00farny kontext<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Edick\u00ed J\u00f6tnar a Thursar ako mytologick\u00fd p\u00f4vod. V \u013eudovej trad\u00edcii zl\u00fa\u010den\u00ed s region\u00e1lnymi horsk\u00fdmi a lesn\u00fdmi duchmi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Predmet p\u00f4sobenia<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>P\u00fatnici, pastieri, deti. Nevesty v \u013eudov\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1vkach. Hrdinovia h\u013eadaj\u00faci poklad.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vzh\u013ead trolla<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Obrovsk\u00fd, \u0161kared\u00fd, hrub\u00fd nos, zamotan\u00e9 vlasy, niekedy viacero hl\u00e1v. Farba ko\u017ee siv\u00e1 alebo obrasten\u00e1 machom. Ob\u010das s chvostom.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funkcia<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Un\u00e1\u0161a, kradne, str\u00e1\u017ei poklady, drt\u00ed. V \u013eudov\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1vkach ho mo\u017eno porazi\u0165 \u013estivos\u0165ou. Pri v\u00fdchode slnka str\u00e1ca \u017eivot a men\u00ed sa na kame\u0148.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Obrana proti trollovi<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Denn\u00e9 svetlo (hlavn\u00fd obrann\u00fd prostriedok), kostoln\u00e9 zvony, oce\u013e. \u013dstivos\u0165 a trpezlivos\u0165; \u013eudov\u00e9 rozpr\u00e1vky ukazuj\u00fa hrdinov, ktor\u00ed trolla zdr\u017eiavaj\u00fa a\u017e do r\u00e1na.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u00favisiace bytosti<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Obri gr\u00e9ckej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fabor tradovan\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed o bohoch danej kult\u00fary.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytol\u00f3gie<\/span>, ogri (franc\u00fazske rozpr\u00e1vky), Kyklop, germ\u00e1nski horsk\u00ed obri, ogre v modernej fantasy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stretnutie a obrana<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Pravidlo denn\u00e9ho svetla<\/strong><\/p><p>Najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ia obrana je jednoduch\u00e1: zdr\u017ea\u0165 trolla a\u017e do v\u00fdchodu slnka. V mnoh\u00fdch n\u00f3rskych \u013eudov\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1vkach hrdina vyu\u017e\u00edva \u010das, h\u00e1danky, \u013estivos\u0165 alebo dlh\u00e9 rozhovory, aby trolla udr\u017eal a\u017e do prv\u00e9ho slne\u010dn\u00e9ho l\u00fa\u010da, po ktorom sa zmen\u00ed na kame\u0148.<\/p><p><strong>Zvony, oce\u013e, so\u013e<\/strong><\/p><p>Kostoln\u00e9 zvony odh\u00e1\u0148aj\u00fa trolly, preto sa pri stavbe nov\u00fdch dedinsk\u00fdch kostolov zvy\u010dajne odlievali zvony. Oce\u013e (n\u00f4\u017e, sekera, konsk\u00e1 podkova) je pre trolly p\u00e1liaco hor\u00faca. So\u013e sa h\u00e1d\u017ee do oh\u0148a, ke\u010f sa v okol\u00ed predpoklad\u00e1 pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 trollov.<\/p><p><strong>Rokovania<\/strong><\/p><p>Nie v\u0161etci trolli s\u00fa iba nepriatelia. V niektor\u00fdch pr\u00edbehoch sa s nimi mo\u017eno dohodn\u00fa\u0165, vymie\u0148a\u0165, da\u0165 sa do ich slu\u017eby, prij\u00edma\u0165 od nich pou\u010denia. Rizik\u00e1 zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa vysok\u00e9, rovnako ako odmeny (poklady, tajomstv\u00e1).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralely a recepcia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Germ\u00e1nske a \u010fal\u0161ie paralely:<\/strong> Obri, ogri, kyklopi, v\u0161ade sa objavuje <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00faci sa obsahov\u00fd prvok v umen\u00ed alebo rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">mot\u00edv<\/span> nadmerne ve\u013ekej, hl\u00fapo nebezpe\u010dnej bytosti, ktor\u00e1 vyz\u00fdva hrdinov. J\u00f6tnar z Eddy s\u00fa mytick\u00ed, trolli z \u013eudov\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1vok s\u00fa bli\u017e\u0161ie ka\u017edodenn\u00e9mu \u017eivotu.<\/p><p><strong>Tolkien a fantasy<\/strong><\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Tolkien (1937, <em>The Hobbit<\/em>) prin\u00e1\u0161a n\u00f3rske pravidlo denn\u00e9ho svetla do modernej fantasy. Z toho sa st\u00e1va troll ako \u0161tandardn\u00fd protivn\u00edk v hr\u00e1ch na hrdinov, fantasy rom\u00e1noch a videohr\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p><p><strong>\u0160kandin\u00e1vska moderna<\/strong><\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>V N\u00f3rsku zost\u00e1va troll kult\u00farne pr\u00edtomnou postavou v cestovnom ruchu (trollovsk\u00e9 suven\u00edry, Trollveggen), filme (<em>Troll Hunter<\/em>, 2010; <em>Troll<\/em>, 2022) a literat\u00fare. Zmie\u0161an\u00fd pocit \u201edesiv\u00e9 a z\u00e1rove\u0148 pr\u00ed\u0165a\u017eliv\u00e9&#8220; formuje \u0161kandin\u00e1vsku identitu.<\/span><\/p><div><p><strong>Soci\u00e1lna a kozmologick\u00e1 \u00faloha v severskom sveton\u00e1zore<\/strong><\/p><p>V predstav\u00e1ch seversk\u00fdch kult\u00far trolli neboli len monstr\u00e1, ale integr\u00e1lnou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou kozmologick\u00e9ho poriadku. Ob\u00fdvali oblasti mimo \u013eudskej civiliz\u00e1cie a predstavovali silu, ktor\u00fa nebolo mo\u017en\u00e9 asimilova\u0165, ale bolo potrebn\u00e9 ju re\u0161pektova\u0165 alebo sa jej b\u00e1\u0165.<\/p><p>Hranica medzi \u013eudsk\u00fdm priestorom (Midgard) a d\u00e9monick\u00fdm priestorom (J\u00f6tunheim) bola \u010dasto vyzna\u010den\u00e1 trollmi. T\u00e1to funkcia odli\u0161ovala trollov od oby\u010dajn\u00fdch zl\u00fdch d\u00e9monov, ktor\u00ed mohli existova\u0165 bez kozmologick\u00e9ho zaradenia.<\/p><p>Trad\u00edcia o trolloch zostala v \u0160kandin\u00e1vii \u017eiv\u00e1, zatia\u013e \u010do v in\u00fdch \u010dastiach Eur\u00f3py postupne vymizla. To \u010diasto\u010dne vysvet\u013euje, pre\u010do modern\u00e1 fantasy a seversk\u00e9 kult\u00farne obrodenia venuj\u00fa postave trolla to\u013eko priestoru; nejde o v\u00fdmysel 19. storo\u010dia, ale o historicky dolo\u017een\u00fa kontinuitu trad\u00edcie siahaj\u00facej cez st\u00e1ro\u010dia.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8484c62 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp8484c62\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp925f628 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp925f628\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Troll v staroseverskej trad\u00edcii<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0b5733e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp0b5733e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf977c07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpf977c07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Staroseversk\u00e9 slovo <em>troll<\/em> je v stredovekej literat\u00fare Islandu a Skandin\u00e1vie dobre zdokumentovan\u00e9, jeho v\u00fdznam je v\u0161ak \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed a menej ostro vymedzen\u00fd ne\u017e v modernom jazykovom pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed.<\/p><p>V sag\u00e1ch a v eddickej po\u00e9zii neozna\u010duje <em>troll<\/em> jasne vymedzen\u00fd typ bytosti, ale cel\u00fa \u0161k\u00e1lu nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch, nadprirodzen\u00fdch bytost\u00ed. M\u00f4\u017ee tak by\u0165 nazvan\u00fd obor, mon\u0161trum, o\u017eiven\u00fd mrtv\u00fd alebo v\u00f4bec zlomyse\u013en\u00e1 \u010darodejn\u00e1 bytos\u0165. Aj pr\u00edbuzn\u00e9 slovo <em>trolld\u00f3mr<\/em> znamen\u00e1 jednoducho \u010darodejn\u00edctvo.<\/p><p>V <em>\u00cdslendingas\u00f6gur<\/em>, islandsk\u00fdch sag\u00e1ch, sa trollovit\u00e9 bytosti objavuj\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou ako hrozba na okraji os\u00eddlen\u00e9ho svet, v hor\u00e1ch, v nepr\u00edstupn\u00fdch \u00fadoliach, na pobre\u017e\u00ed.<\/p><p>Osobitn\u00fa skupinu tvoria <em>tr\u00f6llkonur<\/em>, trollovsk\u00e9 \u017eeny, ktor\u00e9 sa objavuj\u00fa v nieko\u013ek\u00fdch sag\u00e1ch a v skaldskej po\u00e9zii. <em>Grettis saga<\/em> obsahuje sl\u00e1vnu epiz\u00f3du, v ktorej sa vyhnan\u00fd hrdina Grettir stret\u00e1va v boji s takouto trollovskou \u017eenou a \u010fal\u0161ou nekalou bytos\u0165ou.<\/p><p>V\u00fdskum staroseverskej literat\u00fary zd\u00f4raz\u0148uje, \u017ee stredovek\u00e9 texty nepon\u00fakaj\u00fa systematick\u00fa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fahrn tradovan\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed o bohoch v danej kult\u00fare.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytol\u00f3giu<\/span> trollov. <em>Troll<\/em> je sk\u00f4r s\u00fahrnn\u00fd pojem pre to In\u00e9, to Desiv\u00e9, \u010do stoj\u00ed mimo \u013eudsk\u00e9ho aj bo\u017esk\u00e9ho poriadku.<\/p><p>Uzavret\u00fd, jasne op\u00edsate\u013en\u00fd obraz trolla, ako ho pozn\u00e1me z neskor\u0161\u00edch \u013eudov\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed a nakoniec z modernej detskej literat\u00fary, je neskor\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdvojom. Kto chce trolla uchopi\u0165 z religionistick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska, mus\u00ed unies\u0165 t\u00fato neostros\u0165 najstar\u0161\u00edch prame\u0148ov a nesmie modern\u00fd obraz sp\u00e4tne premieta\u0165 do s\u00e1g.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8ba61c4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp8ba61c4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpec6ae86 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpec6ae86\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Trollovia v skandin\u00e1vskej \u013eudovej rozpr\u00e1vke<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp48dcc90 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp48dcc90\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp07b663b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp07b663b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u017div\u00fd obraz trolla, ktor\u00fd pozn\u00e1me dnes, sa formoval predov\u0161etk\u00fdm v poststredovekej \u013eudovej trad\u00edcii a bol zaznamenan\u00fd v 19. storo\u010d\u00ed zberate\u013emi. V N\u00f3rsku vykonali d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa zberate\u013esk\u00fa pr\u00e1cu Peter Christen Asbj\u00f8rnsen a J\u00f8rgen Moe svojimi <em>Norske Folkeeventyr<\/em>, vo \u0160v\u00e9dsku zhroma\u017edili pr\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd materi\u00e1l r\u00f4zni etnografi. V tejto nov\u0161ej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzd\u00e1vanie vedomost\u00ed a rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed z gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu.\" tabindex=\"0\">trad\u00edcii<\/span> nadob\u00fada troll jasnej\u0161ie kont\u00fary.<\/p><p>Zvy\u010dajne je predstavovan\u00fd ako bytos\u0165 \u017eij\u00faca v hor\u00e1ch, skal\u00e1ch alebo kopcoch, neohraban\u00e1, siln\u00e1, \u010dasto hl\u00fapa a \u013eahko oklamate\u013en\u00e1 \u013eu\u010fmi. Opakuj\u00face sa mot\u00edvy zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa jeho odpor k hluku, najm\u00e4 k zvoneniu kostoln\u00fdch zvonov, jeho pobyt pod mostami, jeho bohatstvo v dobytku a pokladoch, a v niektor\u00fdch trad\u00edci\u00e1ch predstavu, \u017ee ho slne\u010dn\u00e9 svetlo premen\u00ed na kame\u0148.<\/p><p>Tento posledn\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00faci sa obsahov\u00fd prvok v umen\u00ed alebo rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">mot\u00edv<\/span> m\u00e1 star\u00fd predobraz: u\u017e v eddickej po\u00e9zii sa trpasl\u00edk Alv\u00edss premen\u00ed na kame\u0148, ke\u010f ho prekvap\u00ed vych\u00e1dzaj\u00face slnko.<\/p><p>Z etnografick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska plnili trollovsk\u00e9 povesti viacero funkci\u00ed. Vysvet\u013eovali nezvy\u010dajn\u00e9 tvary krajiny, napr\u00edklad zvl\u00e1\u0161tne skaln\u00e9 \u00fatvary, ktor\u00e9 boli vykladan\u00e9 ako spetrifikovan\u00ed trollovia. Vymedzovali hranicu medzi obhospodarovanou a divou krajinou a varovali pred nebezpe\u010denstvami pustatiny. A prostredn\u00edctvom rozpr\u00e1vania sa v nich vyjedn\u00e1valo aj stretnutie s cudz\u00edm.<\/p><p>Roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fdm typom rozpr\u00e1vania je pr\u00edbeh o \u013eu\u010foch, ktor\u00fdch trollovia odvle\u010d\u00fa do hory, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00faci sa obsahov\u00fd prvok v umen\u00ed alebo rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">mot\u00edv<\/span>, ktor\u00fd je \u00fazko sp\u00e4t\u00fd s predstavami o podzemnom svete a pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch bytostiach. Religionistick\u00fd v\u00fdskum vid\u00ed v tomto rozpr\u00e1va\u010dskom materi\u00e1li menej syst\u00e9m viery a viac pru\u017en\u00fd reperto\u00e1r, ktor\u00fdm vidiecke spolo\u010denstv\u00e1 vykladali svoje prostredie a svoje strachy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd5d270c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpd5d270c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9000042 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9000042\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Od desivej bytosti k postave detskej knihy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa6e0daa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpa6e0daa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa7f65d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa7f65d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dejiny recepcie trolla v 19. a 20. storo\u010d\u00ed s\u00fa uk\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdm pr\u00edkladom premeny v\u00fdznamu duchovnej bytosti. V\u00fdchodiskom bolo n\u00e1rodnoromantick\u00e9 pov\u00fd\u0161enie \u013eudovej trad\u00edcie v Skandin\u00e1vii. Troll sa z \u010distej desivej postavy zmenil na prvok n\u00e1rodnej identity a umeleckej in\u0161pir\u00e1cie.<\/p><p>\u0160v\u00e9dsky maliar John Bauer vytvoril svojimi ilustr\u00e1ciami k antol\u00f3gii <em>Bland tomtar och troll<\/em> na za\u010diatku 20. storo\u010dia vplyvn\u00fd obraz mas\u00edvneho, hrbo\u013eat\u00e9ho trolla \u017eij\u00faceho v lese.<\/p><p>V \u010fal\u0161om priebehu 20. storo\u010dia sa obraz posunul e\u0161te v\u00fdraznej\u0161ie k pr\u00edvetivosti a vhodnosti pre deti. F\u00ednsko-\u0161v\u00e9dska autorka Tove Jansson stvorila s <em>Mum\u00ednmi<\/em> okr\u00fahle, dobrosrde\u010dn\u00e9 trolovit\u00e9 bytosti, ktor\u00e9 s hroziv\u00fdm trollom zo s\u00e1g maj\u00fa spolo\u010dn\u00e9 u\u017e len m\u00e1lo.<\/p><p>V hra\u010dk\u00e1rskom a z\u00e1bavnom priemysle sa troll stal ne\u0161kodnou, \u010dasto roztomilou postavou. S\u00fa\u010dasne v \u0148om vo fantasy literat\u00fare, ovplyvnenej dielami J. R. R. Tolkiena, pre\u017e\u00edval aj obraz ve\u013ek\u00e9ho, hl\u00fapeho, nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho trolla.<\/p><p>Pre vedeck\u00e9 sk\u00famanie je t\u00e1to premena pou\u010dn\u00e1, preto\u017ee ukazuje, ako m\u00f4\u017ee bytos\u0165 strati\u0165 svoju p\u00f4vodn\u00fa funkciu a nadobudn\u00fa\u0165 nov\u00fa. Trollovia zo s\u00e1g boli viazan\u00ed na konkr\u00e9tne strachy a na ur\u010dit\u00fa krajinu.<\/p><p>Modern\u00fd troll je z tohto ukotvenia uvo\u013enen\u00fd a m\u00f4\u017ee pod\u013ea potreby vte\u013eova\u0165 roztomil\u00e9, komick\u00e9 alebo monstru\u00f3zne. \u0160v\u00e9dske slovo <em>troll<\/em> tak nov\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom nadobudlo svoju star\u00fa v\u00fdznamov\u00fa \u0161\u00edrku: dnes ozna\u010duje takmer v\u0161etko, \u010do si od neho rozpr\u00e1vanie pr\u00e1ve vy\u017eaduje.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u00favisiace odkazy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e9 intern\u00e9 odkazy:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157606\">Germ\u00e1nska kult\u00fara<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157619\">Alp<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157620\">Draugr<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157621\">Nix<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157623\">Mahr<\/a><\/li><li>Edda-j\u00f6tnar a seversk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fahrn tradovan\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed o bohoch v danej kult\u00fare.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytol\u00f3gia<\/span><\/li><li>Tolkien a modern\u00e1 fantasy<\/li><li>Paralely: obor, cyklop, gigant<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zdroje a literat\u00fara<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>V\u00fdber z\u00e1sadn\u00fdch pr\u00e1c o trolloch:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Lindow, John: <em>Trolls. An Unnatural History<\/em>. London 2014.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Simpson, Jacqueline: <em>Scandinavian Folktales<\/em>. Harmondsworth 1988.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Kvideland, Reimund \/ Sehmsdorf, Henning: <em>Scandinavian Folk Belief and Legend<\/em>. Minneapolis 1988.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Tangherlini, Timothy R.: <em>Interpreting Legend<\/em>. New York 1994.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>L\u00f6nnroth, Lars: <em>Den dubbla scenen<\/em>. Stockholm 1978.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><\/div><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>\u010eal\u0161ie z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 diela v <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157722\">zozname literat\u00fary<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-troll-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-troll-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-troll\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-troll-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-troll-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">Tu pop\u00edsan\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 prax je vedeck\u00fdm zaraden\u00edm historick\u00fdch trad\u00edci\u00ed. iWell Guard nadv\u00e4zuje na t\u00fato kult\u00farno-historick\u00fa linku prenosn\u00fdch ochrann\u00fdch predmetov a predstavuje jej s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fa formu. <a href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">Viac o iWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-wv-troll-faq-eb1ce4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"wv-troll-faq-eb1ce4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-wv-troll-faq-col-d45809\" data-id=\"wv-troll-faq-col-d45809\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wv-troll-h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"wv-troll-h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o trolloch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wv-troll-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"wv-troll-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<details class=\"iwg-faq-item\">\n  <summary><strong>\u010co je trol v <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fabor tradovan\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed o bohoch danej kult\u00fary.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytol\u00f3gii<\/span>?<\/strong><\/summary>\n  <p>Trol je bytos\u0165 severskej a germ\u00e1nskej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"S\u00fabor tradovan\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed o bohoch danej kult\u00fary.\" tabindex=\"0\">mytol\u00f3gie<\/span>, \u017eij\u00faca v hor\u00e1ch, lesoch a pod mostami. Trollovia s\u00fa pova\u017eovan\u00ed za ve\u013ek\u00fdch, hrub\u00fdch, \u010dasto hl\u00fapych, ale nebezpe\u010dne siln\u00fdch. V staroseverskej trad\u00edcii (Edda, s\u00e1gy) s\u00fa trollovia popisovan\u00ed ako rod obrov, pr\u00edbuzn\u00ed J\u00f6tunov. Modern\u00e1 fantasy trad\u00edcia tento obraz v\u00fdrazne pozmenila.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n<details class=\"iwg-faq-item\">\n  <summary><strong>Ak\u00e9 druhy trollov existuj\u00fa?<\/strong><\/summary>\n  <p>Staroseversk\u00e1 trad\u00edcia rozli\u0161uje viacero typov trollov: horsk\u00fdch trollov (obyvate\u013eov sk\u00e1l), vodn\u00fdch trollov (v riekach a jazer\u00e1ch), kopcov\u00fdch trollov a men\u0161\u00edch hus-tomte zo \u0161v\u00e9dskej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00e1 \u013eudov\u00e1 kult\u00fara so zvykmi, rozpr\u00e1vaniami a pies\u0148ami.\" tabindex=\"0\">folkl\u00f3ru<\/span>. Trollovia pri dennom svetle skamenej\u00fa, \u010do je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00faci sa obsahov\u00fd prvok v umen\u00ed alebo rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">mot\u00edv<\/span>, ktor\u00fd sa opakuje v mnoh\u00fdch n\u00f3rskych povestiach o skaln\u00fdch \u00fatvaroch.<\/p>\n<\/details>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wv-troll-s elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"wv-troll-s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"\u010co je trol v mytol\u00f3gii?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Trol je bytos\u0165 severskej a germ\u00e1nskej mytol\u00f3gie, \u017eij\u00faca v hor\u00e1ch, lesoch a pod mostami. Trollovia s\u00fa pova\u017eovan\u00ed za ve\u013ek\u00fdch, hrub\u00fdch, \u010dasto hl\u00fapych, ale nebezpe\u010dne siln\u00fdch. V staroseverskej trad\u00edcii (Edda, s\u00e1gy) s\u00fa trollovia popisovan\u00ed ako rod obrov, pr\u00edbuzn\u00ed J\u00f6tunov. Modern\u00e1 fantasy trad\u00edcia tento obraz v\u00fdrazne pozmenila.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Ak\u00e9 druhy trollov existuj\u00fa?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Staroseversk\u00e1 trad\u00edcia rozli\u0161uje viacero typov trollov: horsk\u00fdch trollov (obyvate\u013eov sk\u00e1l), vodn\u00fdch trollov (v riekach a jazer\u00e1ch), kopcov\u00fdch trollov a men\u0161\u00edch hus-tomte zo \u0161v\u00e9dskeho folkl\u00f3ru. Trollovia pri dennom svetle skamenej\u00fa, \u010do je mot\u00edv, ktor\u00fd sa opakuje v mnoh\u00fdch n\u00f3rskych povestiach o skaln\u00fdch \u00fatvaroch.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1570,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Troll","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Troll \u2013 obrovsk\u00e1 horsk\u00e1 bytos\u0165 z Eddy a povest\u00ed","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Troll, obrovsk\u00e1 horsk\u00e1 bytos\u0165 germ\u00e1nskej trad\u00edcie. Medzi eddick\u00fdm thursom a \u013eudov\u00fdm rozpr\u00e1vkov\u00fdm obrom, so vz\u0165ahom k skale a obrom.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"3","wesen_kultur":"germanisch","wesen_klasse":"geister","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-157622","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Troll \u2013 obrovsk\u00e1 horsk\u00e1 bytos\u0165 z Eddy a povest\u00ed<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Troll, obrovsk\u00e1 horsk\u00e1 bytos\u0165 germ\u00e1nskej trad\u00edcie. Medzi eddick\u00fdm thursom a \u013eudov\u00fdm rozpr\u00e1vkov\u00fdm obrom, so vz\u0165ahom k skale a obrom.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/troll\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Troll\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Troll, obrovsk\u00e1 horsk\u00e1 bytos\u0165 germ\u00e1nskej trad\u00edcie. 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