{"id":157617,"date":"2026-09-04T22:15:16","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T22:15:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=157617"},"modified":"2026-09-04T22:37:50","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T22:37:50","slug":"ifrit","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/ifrit\/","title":{"rendered":"Ifrit"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"157617\" class=\"elementor elementor-157617 elementor-1026\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ifrit, d\u00e9mon islamskej trad\u00edcie<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ifrit je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00e1 bytos\u0165, ktorej sa pripisuje \u0161kodliv\u00e9 alebo dvojzna\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00f4sobenie.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9mon<\/span> islamskej trad\u00edcie.<\/p><p>Mocn\u00ed <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"V Kor\u00e1ne bytosti z bezdymov\u00e9ho oh\u0148a s vlastnou v\u00f4\u013eou, ani anjeli, ani d\u00e9moni, ale samostatn\u00e9 stvorenie s vlastnou mor\u00e1lkou.\">d\u017einovia<\/span>, ohniv\u00e9 bytosti medzi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00fd pr\u00edbeh o bohoch, p\u00f4vode a poriadku svet.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00fdtom<\/span> o Salam\u00fanovi a Tis\u00edcou a jednou nocou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"D\u00e9mon \/ D\u00e9monica: Nadprirodzen\u00e1 bytos\u0165 s v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou \u0161kodliv\u00fdm alebo ambivalentn\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dinkom. Stoj\u00ed medzi bohmi a \u013eu\u010fmi, sp\u00f4sobuje choroby, poku\u0161enie alebo ne\u0161\u0165astie a odh\u00e1\u0148a sa vz\u00fdvan\u00edm, apotropaick\u00fdmi prostriedkami a ritu\u00e1lmi.\">D\u00e9mon<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157605\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Islamsk\u00fd svet viery s archanjelmi, d\u017einmi a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdmi bytos\u0165ami.\">Islam<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na tejto str\\u00e1nke sa nena\\u0161li \\u017eiadne nadpisy.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tObsah\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_islam_ifrit-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-160029\" alt=\"Ifrit - d\u00e9moni z islamskej trad\u00edcie, historicko-ilustra\u010dn\u00e9\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_islam_ifrit-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_islam_ifrit-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_islam_ifrit-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_islam_ifrit.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ifrit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ifrit je zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 mocn\u00e1 triedy d\u017einov. Kor\u00e1n t\u00fato postavu spom\u00edna raz (s\u00fara 27,39): Ifrit pon\u00faka kr\u00e1\u013eovi Salam\u00fanovi, \u017ee prinese tr\u00f3n kr\u00e1\u013eovnej zo S\u00e1by v okamihu.<\/p><p>U\u017e t\u00e1to jedin\u00e1 zmienka definuje ifrita: obrovsk\u00fd, siln\u00fd, r\u00fdchly, schopn\u00fd ve\u013ekej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiky, ktor\u00e9 sa sna\u017eia pomocou zvl\u00e1\u0161tnych \u00fakonov alebo form\u00fal zasiahnu\u0165 do chodu vec\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">magie<\/span>. Neskor\u0161ia trad\u00edcia, najm\u00e4 Tis\u00edc a jedna noc, z toho vytv\u00e1ra samostatn\u00fa postavu.<\/p><p>Na rozdiel od be\u017en\u00fdch d\u017einov s\u00fa ifriti v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou nepriate\u013esk\u00ed. Str\u00e1\u017eia poklady, un\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa princezn\u00e9, bojuj\u00fa proti hrdinom, m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 sp\u00fatan\u00ed a don\u00faten\u00ed, ale aj utiec\u0165 a pomsti\u0165 sa. V \u013eudovej predstavivosti s\u00fa \u010dasto sp\u00e1jan\u00ed s cintor\u00ednmi, miestami n\u00e1silnej smrti a drsn\u00fdmi p\u00fa\u0161\u0165ami. Ich farba je \u010derven\u00e1 alebo \u010dierna, ich \u017eivlom je ohe\u0148, ich ve\u013ekos\u0165 je nadmern\u00e1.<\/p><div><p><strong>Ifrit v Kor\u00e1ne: Salam\u00fanovi nadmocn\u00ed d\u017einovia<\/strong><\/p><p>S\u00fara 27,39 spom\u00edna ifrita z d\u017einov, ktor\u00fd pon\u00faka Salam\u00fanovi, \u017ee prinese tr\u00f3n, sk\u00f4r ne\u017e Salam\u00fan stihne \u017emurkn\u00fa\u0165. To ukazuje ifrita ako najmocnej\u0161iu triedu d\u017einov; za sekundy dok\u00e1\u017eu vykona\u0165 divy, na ktor\u00e9 by \u013eudsk\u00ed remeseln\u00edci potrebovali mesiace.<\/p><p>Kor\u00e1n to pou\u017e\u00edva ako metaforu Bo\u017eej v\u0161emoh\u00facnosti: Ak je ifrit tak\u00fd mocn\u00fd, o \u010do mocnej\u0161\u00ed je Alah? T\u00fdm sa ifrit st\u00e1va kosmologick\u00fdm referen\u010dn\u00fdm bodom, stvoren\u00edm sily, ktor\u00e9 je napriek tomu podriaden\u00e9 v\u00f4li oby\u010dajn\u00e9ho smrte\u013en\u00e9ho kr\u00e1\u013ea, ak m\u00e1 tento Alahovu priaze\u0148.<\/p><p>Ifrit v tejto sc\u00e9ne zost\u00e1va mor\u00e1lne neutr\u00e1lny: spln\u00ed \u00falohu zodpovedaj\u00facu jeho nadprirodzen\u00fdm schopnostiam. In\u00e9 kor\u00e1nske pas\u00e1\u017ee naopak zd\u00f4raz\u0148uj\u00fa, \u017ee ifriti m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 aj de\u0161trukt\u00edvni a vzdorovit\u00ed; ifrit, ktor\u00fd sa vzoprie prorokovi, m\u00f4\u017ee skon\u010di\u0165 zle.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V skratke: Ifrit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Mocn\u00fd podtyp d\u017einov<br>P\u00f4vod: ohe\u0148, p\u00fa\u0161\u0165, miesta n\u00e1silnej smrti<br>Texty: Kor\u00e1n (s\u00fara 27,39), had\u00eds, Tis\u00edc a jedna noc<br>\u010casov\u00e9 rozp\u00e4tie: 7. storo\u010die a\u017e s\u00fa\u010dasnos\u0165<br>Hlavn\u00fd znak: sila, ve\u013ekos\u0165, ohniv\u00e1 povaha, \u010dasto nepriate\u013esk\u00fd<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontext<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kor\u00e1nska zmienka zo 7. storo\u010dia, rozvinut\u00e1 liter\u00e1rna postava v Tis\u00edc a jednej noci (kompil\u00e1cia 9. \u2013 14. storo\u010die), pr\u00edtomn\u00e1 v stredovekej arabskej \u013eudovej literat\u00fare, modernej popkult\u00fare a fantasy trad\u00edcii.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Verbreitungsraum<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Arabsk\u00fd kult\u00farny priestor ako p\u00f4vod, roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e9 po celom islamskom svete. Modern\u00e1 medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e1 pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 prostredn\u00edctvom prekladov Tis\u00edc a jednej noci a fantasy literat\u00fary.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quellenlage<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kor\u00e1n (s\u00fara 27,39), klasick\u00e9 tafs\u00edry, Tis\u00edc a jedna noc, al-Dam\u00edr\u00ed, al-Kazv\u00edn\u00ed <em>&#8218;Aja&#8217;ib al-Makhluqat<\/em>, modern\u00e9 etnografick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Meno<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Arabsky:<\/strong> <em>\u02bfifr\u012bt<\/em> (jednotn\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo), <em>\u02bfaf\u0101r\u012bt<\/em> (mno\u017en\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo). Etymol\u00f3gia nejasn\u00e1, mo\u017eno spojen\u00e1 so slovom \u201eprach&#8220; alebo \u201esila&#8220;.<br>Anglicky: afrit, afreet.<br>Vz\u0165ah k d\u017einom: samostatn\u00e1 mocn\u00e1 trieda, nad be\u017en\u00fdmi d\u017einmi.<br>Nad n\u00edm: <em>marid<\/em>, e\u0161te mocnej\u0161\u00ed, \u010dasto sp\u00e1jan\u00fd s vodou.<\/p><p>Klasifik\u00e1cia jann &lt; d\u017ein &lt; \u0161ajtan &lt; ifrit &lt; marid nie je stanoven\u00e1 v Kor\u00e1ne ani v had\u00edsoch, ale je produktom klasick\u00fdch demonol\u00f3gov. Prax sa jej riadi vo\u013ene; v \u013eudovej trad\u00edcii s\u00fa ifriti \u010dasto sp\u00e1jan\u00ed so zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 star\u00fdmi alebo n\u00e1silne zosnul\u00fdmi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Charakteristiky<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Vzh\u013ead<\/strong><\/p><p>Obrovsk\u00fd, \u010dasto opisovan\u00fd ako st\u013apy dymu a oh\u0148a, ktor\u00e9 sa zhus\u0165uj\u00fa do humanoidnej podoby. Rohat\u00fd, s ohniv\u00fdmi o\u010dami, paz\u00farovit\u00fdmi rukami. \u010cerven\u00e1 alebo \u010dierna farba. V liter\u00e1rnej nads\u00e1zke siahaj\u00faci od zeme a\u017e po nebo.<\/p><p><strong>Chovanie<\/strong><\/p><p>Hrd\u00fd, n\u00e1siln\u00edcky, \u010dasto nepr\u00edstupn\u00fd. V pr\u00edbehoch Tis\u00edc a jednej noci \u010dasto sp\u00fatan\u00fd (v lamp\u00e1ch, pe\u010datiach, amuletoch Salam\u00fana) a prepusten\u00fd, po \u010dom sa svojmu z\u00e1chrancovi bu\u010f odmen\u00ed, alebo ho chce zabi\u0165. Magicky nadan\u00fd, dlho \u017eij\u00faci, \u0165a\u017eko zni\u010dite\u013en\u00fd.<\/p><p><strong>P\u00f4sobnos\u0165<\/strong><\/p><p>P\u00fa\u0161\u0165, ruiny, jaskyne, miesta n\u00e1silnej smrti. V \u013eudovej trad\u00edcii je \u010dasto viazan\u00fd na konkr\u00e9tne miesta. Niektor\u00ed ifriti maj\u00fa osobn\u00e9 pr\u00edbehy (vznik zo zavra\u017edenej osoby, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Jazykov\u00e1 formula, ktorou sa m\u00e1 osobe alebo veci privodi\u0165 ne\u0161\u0165astie.\" tabindex=\"0\">kliatba<\/span> at\u010f.).<\/p><p><strong>Mytologick\u00e9 zaradenie<\/strong><\/p><p>Nie je stvorenou jedinou postavou, ale mocn\u00fdm podtypom d\u017einov. V salam\u00fanovskej trad\u00edcii je Salam\u00fan zobrazovan\u00fd ako vl\u00e1dca nad d\u017einmi, a teda aj nad ifritmi; jeho pe\u010date sa pova\u017euj\u00fa za prostriedok na ich sp\u00fatanie.<\/p><div><p><strong>Ifrit v islamskej demonol\u00f3gii a klasifik\u00e1cii<\/strong><\/p><p>Islamsk\u00ed demonol\u00f3govia a teol\u00f3govia, najm\u00e4 od 10. storo\u010dia, klasifikovali ifrita ako najvy\u0161\u0161iu alebo takmer najvy\u0161\u0161iu triedu d\u017einov. Al-Ghaz\u00e1l\u00ed a neskor\u0161\u00ed mystici rozli\u0161ovali medzi \u0161\u013eachetn\u00fdmi (veriacimi) a zl\u00fdmi ifritmi. Zl\u00fd ifrit bol v podstate <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00e1 bytos\u0165, ktorej sa pripisuje \u0161kodliv\u00e9 alebo dvojzna\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00f4sobenie.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9monom<\/span> v zmysle z\u00e1padn\u00e9ho ch\u00e1pania: mocn\u00fd, inteligentn\u00fd, manipulat\u00edvny a n\u00e1chyln\u00fd svies\u0165 alebo po\u0161kodi\u0165 \u013eud\u00ed.<\/p><p>Islamsk\u00e1 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktiky, ktor\u00e9 sa sna\u017eia pomocou zvl\u00e1\u0161tnych \u00fakonov alebo form\u00fal zasiahnu\u0165 do chodu vec\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">magia<\/span> (<em>sihr<\/em>) pou\u017e\u00edvala ifritov ako n\u00e1stroje, \u010do bolo teologicky vysoko sporn\u00e9: Bolo privol\u00e1vanie ifrita kac\u00edrstvom, alebo akceptovan\u00fdm magick\u00fdm umen\u00edm? T\u00e1to debata sa tiahla st\u00e1ro\u010diami islamskej u\u010denosti. Ifrit mohol by\u0165 mo\u017eno sp\u00fatan\u00fd recit\u00e1ciou Kor\u00e1nu alebo nadprirodzen\u00fdmi zmluvami, ale nikdy jednoducho zni\u010den\u00fd.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Ifrit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie aspekty ifrita na jeden poh\u013ead.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">P\u00f4vod<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mocn\u00fd podtyp d\u017einov z oh\u0148a. V \u013eudovej trad\u00edcii \u010dasto sp\u00e1jan\u00fd s n\u00e1silne zosnul\u00fdmi alebo starobyl\u00fdmi miestami.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Predmet p\u00f4sobenia<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hrdinovia, h\u013eada\u010di pokladov, vykr\u00e1da\u010di hrobov. V \u013eudovom n\u00e1bo\u017eenskom ch\u00e1pan\u00ed: \u013eudia, ktor\u00ed neopatrne vst\u00fapia do ru\u00edn alebo p\u00fa\u0161tnych miest.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zobrazenie<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Obrovsk\u00fd, ohniv\u00fd, s rohmi, s \u010dervenou alebo \u010diernou poko\u017ekou. \u010casto sa zjavuje ako dymov\u00fd a ohniv\u00fd pilier, ktor\u00fd na sa formuje do \u013eudskej podoby.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funkcia<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Str\u00e1\u017ei poklady, une\u0161a \u013eud\u00ed, bojuje proti hrdinom. Magicky siln\u00fd, dok\u00e1\u017ee sa premie\u0148a\u0165, teleportova\u0165 sa a sta\u0165 sa nevidite\u013en\u00fdm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Obrana proti ifr\u00edtovi<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kor\u00e1nske ochrann\u00e9 formuly, Salam\u00fanova pe\u010da\u0165 (D\u00e1vidova hviezda, hexagram), cielen\u00e1 rukja. V Tis\u00edc a jednej noci: \u00faskok a viazacie formuly \u010darodejov.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Porovnate\u013en\u00e9 bytosti<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gr\u00e9cki tit\u00e1ni, obri (j\u00f6tuni, germ\u00e1nski), stredovek\u00ed obri-\u013eudo\u017er\u00fati, modern\u00ed fantasy d\u00e9moni.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zaobch\u00e1dzanie a \u013eudov\u00e1 viera<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Obrana na ohrozen\u00fdch miestach<\/strong><\/p><p>Pred vstupom do ru\u00edn, p\u00fa\u0161tnych oblast\u00ed, star\u00fdch hradov: basmala, recit\u00e1cia Ajat al-Kurs\u00ed. Salam\u00fanovsk\u00e9 mot\u00edvy (hexagram, pentagram) ako ochrann\u00e9 symboly, \u010dast\u00e9 v \u013eudov\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch amuletoch.<\/p><p><strong>Rukja pri stretnut\u00ed<\/strong><\/p><p>Ak sa predpoklad\u00e1 vplyv ifr\u00edta, praktizuje sa rukja. V niektor\u00fdch severoafrick\u00fdch trad\u00edci\u00e1ch sa vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa cel\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly na \u201eupokojenie\u201c ifr\u00edta, \u010do je \u013eudov\u00e1 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e1 prax, ktor\u00fa ortodoxn\u00ed teol\u00f3govia \u010dasto kritizuj\u00fa.<\/p><p><strong>Liter\u00e1rne viazanie<\/strong><\/p><p>V Tis\u00edc a jednej noci je ifr\u00edt viazan\u00fd pe\u010da\u0165ou, f\u013ea\u0161ou alebo magickou formulou. Tento <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00faci sa obsahov\u00fd prvok v umen\u00ed alebo rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">mot\u00edv<\/span> je liter\u00e1rny, nie teologick\u00fd, ale z\u00e1sadne formoval z\u00e1padn\u00fa predstavu \u201e<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Netelesn\u00e1 bytos\u0165, ktorej sa pripisuje p\u00f4sobenie vo svete.\" tabindex=\"0\">duch<\/span> z lampy\u201c.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralely a recepcia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Klasick\u00e9 paralely:<\/strong> Gr\u00e9cki obri a giganti, germ\u00e1nski j\u00f6tuni, egyptsk\u00e9 ve\u013ek\u00e9 d\u00e9mony, v\u0161etci maj\u00fa spolo\u010dn\u00fa nadmern\u00fa ve\u013ekos\u0165 a mytick\u00fa moc. Perzsk\u00e1 trad\u00edcia per\u00ed pozn\u00e1 podobn\u00e9 postavy.<\/p><p><strong>Tis\u00edc a jedna noc:<\/strong> Obraz ifr\u00edta v Tis\u00edc a jednej noci (kr\u00e1\u013e \u0160ahrij\u00e1r, ryb\u00e1r a ifr\u00edt, Aladin) je centr\u00e1lnym liter\u00e1rnym vyjadren\u00edm. Odtia\u013e formuje aj z\u00e1padn\u00fa predstavu \u201educha\u201c (d\u017eina).<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet><strong>Modern\u00e1 popkult\u00fara:<\/strong> Fantasy hry na hrdinov (Dungeons &amp; Dragons, Final Fantasy) prevzali ifr\u00edta ako konkr\u00e9tnu postavu. Disneyho Aladin (1992) spopularizoval jeho zmiernen\u00fa verziu.<\/span><\/p><div><p><strong>Ifr\u00edt v Tis\u00edc a jednej noci a arabskom <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tradovan\u00e1 \u013eudov\u00e1 kult\u00fara so zvykmi, rozpr\u00e1vaniami a pies\u0148ami.\" tabindex=\"0\">folkl\u00f3re<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p>V <em>Tis\u00edc a jednej noci<\/em> s\u00fa ifr\u00edti zobrazovan\u00ed ako archetyp\u00e1lne mocn\u00e9 a \u010dasto de\u0161trukt\u00edvne bytosti. Maj\u00fa dlh\u00fd \u017eivot (niektor\u00ed s\u00fa st\u00e1ro\u010dia star\u00ed), uchov\u00e1vaj\u00fa si hnev, m\u00f4\u017eu vstupova\u0165 do \u013eud\u00ed alebo meni\u0165 svoju podobu. Ifr\u00edt by mohol zni\u010di\u0165 cel\u00e9 mesto, ale mohol by aj pom\u00f4c\u0165 \u010dloveku, ak ho tento m\u00fadro zvia\u017ee alebo oklame.<\/p><p>Pr\u00edbehy \u010dasto ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee ifr\u00edti s\u00fa viazan\u00ed na miesta alebo predmety: magick\u00e9 f\u013ea\u0161e, star\u00e9 ruiny, sv\u00e4t\u00e9 jazer\u00e1. Ide o arabizovan\u00fa verziu univerz\u00e1lnych konceptov viazania <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Netelesn\u00e1 bytos\u0165, ktorej sa pripisuje p\u00f4sobenie vo svete.\" tabindex=\"0\">duchov<\/span>.<\/p><p>V egyptsko-arabskom \u013eudovom n\u00e1bo\u017eenstve sa trad\u00edcie o ifr\u00edtoch zmie\u0161ali so star\u0161\u00edmi fara\u00f3nskymi a gr\u00e9cko-r\u00edmskymi konceptmi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00e1 bytos\u0165, ktorej sa pripisuje \u0161kodliv\u00e9 alebo dvojzna\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00f4sobenie.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9monov<\/span>: ifr\u00edt bol niekedy ch\u00e1pan\u00fd ako zaklat\u00fd k\u0148az, inokedy ako pr\u00edrodn\u00e1 sila. Toto mie\u0161anie je typick\u00e9 pre severoafrick\u00e9 a bl\u00edzkov\u00fdchodn\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 kult\u00fary s hlbok\u00fdmi historick\u00fdmi vrstvami.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc540ace e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpc540ace\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf5f6f1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpf5f6f1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ifr\u00edt v Kor\u00e1ne a v ranoislamskom v\u00fdklade<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8e1d1fe e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp8e1d1fe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0b9b6a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp0b9b6a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Slovo <em>ifr\u00edt<\/em> sa v Kor\u00e1ne objavuje iba raz, a to v s\u00fare 27, s\u00fare Mravca. V kontexte pr\u00edbehu o Salam\u00fanovi a kr\u00e1\u013eovnej zo S\u00e1by sa Salam\u00fan p\u00fdta svojho zhroma\u017edenia, kto by mu mohol prinies\u0165 tr\u00f3n kr\u00e1\u013eovnej.<\/p><p>Nato sa medzi d\u017einmi prihl\u00e1si ifr\u00edt a vyhl\u00e1si, \u017ee tr\u00f3n dok\u00e1\u017ee prinies\u0165 sk\u00f4r, ne\u017e sa Salam\u00fan zdvihne zo svojho miesta. Sk\u00f4r ne\u017e to v\u0161ak urob\u00ed, in\u00fd, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 znalos\u0165 z P\u00edsma, prinesie tr\u00f3n v e\u0161te krat\u0161om \u010dase.<\/p><p>Z tohto jedin\u00e9ho miesta odvodzuj\u00fa klasick\u00ed koment\u00e1tori Kor\u00e1nu podstatn\u00e9 vlastnosti ifr\u00edta. Ifr\u00edt patr\u00ed k druhu d\u017einov, m\u00e1 v\u00fdnimo\u010dn\u00fa silu a r\u00fdchlos\u0165 a v tomto pr\u00edbehu sl\u00fa\u017ei Salam\u00fanovi, ktor\u00e9mu pod\u013ea kor\u00e1nskeho rozpr\u00e1vania bola dana moc nad d\u017einmi.<\/p><p>Pr\u00edbeh z\u00e1rove\u0148 ukazuje hranicu, preto\u017ee sila ifr\u00edta je prekonan\u00e1 vedomos\u0165ou toho, kto ovl\u00e1da P\u00edsmo.<\/p><p>Ran\u00e1 islamsk\u00e1 u\u010denos\u0165 ch\u00e1pala tento pojem r\u00f4znym sp\u00f4sobom. Niektor\u00ed koment\u00e1tori ch\u00e1pali <em>ifr\u00edt<\/em> ako ozna\u010denie pre osobitne siln\u00fd alebo osobitne zlomyse\u013en\u00fd druh d\u017eina, in\u00ed sk\u00f4r ako zosil\u0148uj\u00faci tvar, ktor\u00fd vyjadruje silu a klamlivos\u0165.<\/p><p>T\u00e1to neistota pretrvala v celej trad\u00edcii. Treba poznamena\u0165, \u017ee ifr\u00edt v kor\u00e1nskom n\u00e1leze nie je jednozna\u010dne zl\u00fd, ale je mocn\u00fd d\u017ein, ktor\u00e9ho povaha sa v\u00fdraznej\u0161ie posunula k hroziv\u00e9mu a\u017e v neskor\u0161ej literat\u00fare.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd83f22f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpd83f22f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd1f7362 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpd1f7362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ifr\u00edt, d\u017einovia a hierarchia nevidite\u013en\u00fdch bytost\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8c87063 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp8c87063\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1170b80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp1170b80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ifrita mo\u017eno pochopi\u0165 len v r\u00e1mci celej islamskej n\u00e1uky o d\u017einoch. Pod\u013ea islamskej viery s\u00fa d\u017einovia samostatn\u00fdm druhom stvorenia, stvoren\u00ed z bezdymov\u00e9ho oh\u0148a, zatia\u013e \u010do \u010dlovek bol stvoren\u00fd z hliny.<\/p><p>S\u00fa smrte\u013en\u00ed, rozmno\u017euj\u00fa sa, maj\u00fa n\u00e1bo\u017eenstvo a zodpovednos\u0165 a m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 veriaci alebo neveriaci. V r\u00e1mci tohto druhu trad\u00edcia rozli\u0161uje r\u00f4zne typy a stupne, a ifrit sa zvy\u010dajne zara\u010fuje medzi obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 mocn\u00fd druh, \u010dasto nepriate\u013esk\u00fd vo\u010di \u013eu\u010fom.<\/p><p>Neskor\u0161ia \u013eudov\u00e1 a u\u010den\u00e1 literat\u00fara sa pok\u00fasila zostavi\u0165 poradie stup\u0148ov medzi d\u017einmi.<\/p><p>V niektor\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dtoch sa objavuj\u00fa, od slab\u0161ieho k silnej\u0161iemu, oby\u010dajn\u00ed d\u017einovia, potom <em>ifrit<\/em> ako silnej\u0161\u00ed a nebezpe\u010dnej\u0161\u00ed stupe\u0148, a nakoniec <em>marid<\/em> ako najmocnej\u0161\u00ed a najodbojnej\u0161\u00ed druh. Tieto hierarchie sa v\u0161ak nezachovali jednotne a l\u00ed\u0161ia sa pod\u013ea prame\u0148a. S\u00fa to sk\u00f4r pokusy o usporiadanie v r\u00e1mci rozpr\u00e1va\u010dskej trad\u00edcie ne\u017e pevne stanoven\u00e1 teologick\u00e1 n\u00e1uka.<\/p><p>Z religionistick\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee ifrit t\u00fdm nie je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Duchovn\u00e1 bytos\u0165, ktorej sa pripisuje \u0161kodliv\u00e9 alebo dvojzna\u010dn\u00e9 p\u00f4sobenie.\" tabindex=\"0\">d\u00e9mon<\/span> v kres\u0165anskom zmysle. Nie je to padnut\u00fd <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"V abrah\u00e1mskych n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00e1ch nebesk\u00e1 poslov\u00e1 bytos\u0165 Boha.\" tabindex=\"0\">anjel<\/span> a nie je z\u00e1sadne ods\u00faden\u00fd na zlo. Patr\u00ed do stvoren\u00e9ho druhu, ktor\u00fd podobne ako \u013eudia podlieha mor\u00e1lnej sk\u00fa\u0161ke.<\/p><p>Skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee ifrit v mnoh\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1vaniach napriek tomu vystupuje ako nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd a zlomyse\u013en\u00fd, patr\u00ed k rozpr\u00e1va\u010dsk\u00e9mu spracovaniu, nie k teologickej defin\u00edcii. Islamsk\u00e1 n\u00e1uka pozn\u00e1 aj veriacich d\u017einov, a v princ\u00edpe m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 aj ifrit medzi veriacimi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp379a2cc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp379a2cc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdfc0db2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpdfc0db2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ifrit v Tis\u00edc a jednej noci a v modernej recepcii<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp4a5f1d5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp4a5f1d5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe9f941d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpe9f941d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Predstava, ktor\u00fa m\u00e1 o ifritovi v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u013eud\u00ed dnes, poch\u00e1dza menej z Kor\u00e1nu a viac z rozpr\u00e1vkovej zbierky <em>Tis\u00edc a jedna noc<\/em> a z modernej popul\u00e1rnej kult\u00fary.<\/p><p>V arabsk\u00fdch rozpr\u00e1vaniach je ifrit opakuj\u00facou sa postavou, mohutn\u00fdm, \u010dasto hr\u00f4zostra\u0161n\u00fdm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Netelesn\u00e1 bytos\u0165, ktorej sa pripisuje p\u00f4sobenie vo svete.\" tabindex=\"0\">duchom<\/span>, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 uzavret\u00fd vo fla\u0161k\u00e1ch alebo n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch, spln\u00ed \u017eelania alebo sa mst\u00ed a disponuje ve\u013ekou magickou silou.<\/p><p>Pre tieto rozpr\u00e1vania je charakteristick\u00e1 ambivalencia ifrita. V niektor\u00fdch pr\u00edbehoch je pomstychtiv\u00fd a zab\u00edja, v in\u00fdch je viazan\u00fd pr\u00edsahou alebo zajat\u00edm a sl\u00fa\u017ei nev\u00f4\u013eou.<\/p><p>Eur\u00f3pska recepcia od prelo\u017eenia Antoina Gallanda na za\u010diatku osemn\u00e1steho storo\u010dia spojila ifrita \u00fazko s predstavou ducha z fla\u0161e, hoci t\u00e1to v\u00e4zba je v \u0161ir\u0161ej islamskej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Odovzd\u00e1vanie vedomost\u00ed a rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed z gener\u00e1cie na gener\u00e1ciu.\" tabindex=\"0\">trad\u00edcii<\/span> len jedn\u00fdm <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Opakuj\u00faci sa obsahov\u00fd prvok v umen\u00ed alebo rozpr\u00e1van\u00ed.\" tabindex=\"0\">mot\u00edvom<\/span> medzi mnoh\u00fdmi.<\/p><p>V modernej popul\u00e1rnej kult\u00fare, vo fantasy literat\u00fare, filmoch a hr\u00e1ch sa ifrit \u010dasto stal \u010distou ohnivou bytos\u0165ou, stelesnen\u00edm \u017eivlu oh\u0148a. Toto z\u00fa\u017eenie je zrozumite\u013en\u00e9, preto\u017ee d\u017einovia s\u00fa stvoren\u00ed z oh\u0148a, ale v\u00fdrazne skracuje p\u00f4vodn\u00fa predstavu.<\/p><p>Religionistick\u00fd poh\u013ead preto starostlivo odde\u013euje tri vrstvy: stru\u010dn\u00fd kor\u00e1nsky n\u00e1lez s jedin\u00fdm mocn\u00fdm d\u017einom v Salam\u00fanov\u00fdch slu\u017eb\u00e1ch, teologick\u00e9 zaradenie do n\u00e1uky o d\u017einoch a bohat\u00fa, ale sekund\u00e1rnu rozpr\u00e1va\u010dsk\u00fa trad\u00edciu, ktor\u00e1 z ifrita urobila farebn\u00fa postavu rozpr\u00e1vania. Kto chce ifrita pochopi\u0165, nemal by tieto vrstvy miesza\u0107.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u00favisiace odkazy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Odpor\u00fa\u010dan\u00e9 intern\u00e9 odkazy:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157605\">Islam<\/a><\/li><li>Iblis, Jinn, Shayatin, Gh\u00fal<\/li><li>Tis\u00edc a jedna noc (liter\u00e1rny prame\u0148)<\/li><li>Salam\u00fanova trad\u00edcia a pe\u010da\u0165<\/li><li>Fantasy recepcia a popkult\u00fara<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zdroje a literat\u00fara<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>V\u00fdber z\u00e1sadn\u00fdch pr\u00e1c o ifrite a pr\u00edbuzn\u00fdch postav\u00e1ch:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Marzolph, Ulrich \/ van Leeuwen, Richard: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/arabiannightsenc0000unse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Arabian Nights Encyclopedia<\/a><\/em>. 2 zv. Santa Barbara 2004.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Irwin, Robert: <em>The Arabian Nights. A Companion<\/em>. London 1994.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>N\u00fcnlist, Tobias: <em>D\u00e4monenglaube im Islam<\/em>. Berl\u00edn 2015.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><\/div><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>\u010eal\u0161ie z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 diela v <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/sk\/?page_id=157722\">zozname literat\u00fary<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-ifrit-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-ifrit-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-ifrit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-ifrit-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-ifrit-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">Tu pop\u00edsan\u00e1 ochrann\u00e1 prax je vedeck\u00fdm zaraden\u00edm historick\u00fdch trad\u00edci\u00ed. iWell Guard nadv\u00e4zuje na t\u00fato kult\u00farno-historick\u00fa linku prenosn\u00fdch ochrann\u00fdch predmetov a predstavuje jej s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fa formu. <a href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">Viac o iWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db42ae3 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"db42ae3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a34157e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a34157e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o Ifritovi<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>\u010co je Ifrit v islame?<\/h3><p>Ifrit (arabsky \u02bfifr\u012bt, tie\u017e Efreet, Afrit) je v islame obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 mocn\u00e1 a nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 triedy d\u017einov, bytost\u00ed stvoren\u00fdch z dymu bez oh\u0148a. Kor\u00e1n spom\u00edna Ifrita ako Salam\u00fanovho sluhu, ktor\u00fd bol schopn\u00fd v okamihu prinies\u0165 tr\u00f3n kr\u00e1\u013eovnej zo S\u00e1by (s\u00fara 27,39).<\/p><p>Ifriti s\u00fa pova\u017eovan\u00ed za najsilnej\u0161\u00edch z d\u017einov, \u010dasto dlhovek\u00fd, s rozumom, v\u00f4\u013eou a schopnos\u0165ou meni\u0165 podobu. V \u013eudovej trad\u00edcii s\u00fa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou zlomyse\u013en\u00ed a musia by\u0165 kontrolovan\u00ed pomocou \u0161peci\u00e1lnych zakl\u00ednadiel.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Ak\u00fd je rozdiel medzi Ifritom, d\u017einom a \u0161aitanom?<\/h3><p>D\u017ein je v\u0161eobecn\u00fd pojem pre v\u0161etky bytosti stvoren\u00e9 z dymu bez oh\u0148a, samostatn\u00fa triedu stvoren\u00ed popri anjeloch a \u013eu\u010foch, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa slobodn\u00fa v\u00f4\u013eu a m\u00f4\u017eu si vybra\u0165 medzi dobrom a zlom. Ifrit je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 mocn\u00e1 podskupina d\u017einov, \u010dasto charakterizovan\u00e1 ako zl\u00e1 alebo neveriaca.<\/p><p>\u0160aitan (arabsky pre Satana) je s\u00fahrnn\u00fd pojem pre v\u0161etk\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed sa obracaj\u00fa proti Bohu, tak z radov d\u017einov, ako aj in\u00e9 zv\u00e1dzaj\u00face bytosti. Iblis, najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00ed \u0161aitan, je s\u00e1m d\u017einom.<\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"\u010co je Ifrit v islame?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Ifrit (arabsky \\u02bfifr\\u012bt, tie\u017e Efreet, Afrit) je v islame obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 mocn\u00e1 a nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 triedy d\u017einov, bytost\u00ed stvoren\u00fdch z dymu bez oh\u0148a. 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