{"id":105176,"date":"2026-08-04T14:08:57","date_gmt":"2026-08-04T14:08:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/alp-2\/"},"modified":"2026-08-04T14:09:22","modified_gmt":"2026-08-04T14:09:22","slug":"alp","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/","title":{"rendered":"Alp"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"105176\" class=\"elementor elementor-105176 elementor-1028\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Alp, spirit al tradi\u021biei germanice<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Spiritul ap\u0103s\u0103tor nocturn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 german\u0103.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Spirit: Entitate necorporal\u0103 sau semicorporal\u0103, defunct, fiin\u021b\u0103 natural\u0103, spirit al casei sau paznic al pragului. Ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 \u00een via\u021ba cotidian\u0103, adesea legat de locuri sau familii.\">Spirit<\/span><a href=\"\/ro\/germanisch\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Lumea precre\u0219tin\u0103 a zeilor \u0219i spiritelor din Europa de Nord \u0219i Central\u0103.\">Germanic<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Pe aceast\\u0103 pagin\\u0103 nu au fost g\\u0103site titluri.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tCuprins\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_alp-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1660\" alt=\"Alp - Geister aus der Germanisch-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_alp-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_alp-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_alp-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_alp.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Alp<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Alp este <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O entitate incorporal\u0103 c\u0103reia i se atribuie efecte \u00een lume.\" tabindex=\"0\">spirit<\/span> al tradi\u021biei germanice.<\/p><p>Alp este figura clasic\u0103 a <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"\/ro\/schlafparalyse\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Stare perceptiv\u0103 \u00een care con\u0219tiin\u021ba se treze\u0219te, dar corpul este \u00eenc\u0103 paralizat prin atonie REM; adesea \u00eenso\u021bit\u0103 de halucina\u021bii.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">paraliziei \u00een somn<\/a> din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 central-european\u0103. Un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O entitate incorporal\u0103 c\u0103reia i se atribuie efecte \u00een lume.\" tabindex=\"0\">spirit<\/span> mic \u0219i ap\u0103s\u0103tor se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe pieptul celui adormit, \u00eei ia respira\u021bia \u0219i provoac\u0103 experien\u021be de co\u0219mar. Cuv\u00e2ntul german \u201eAlbtraum&#8221; poart\u0103 aceast\u0103 figur\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 ast\u0103zi \u00een vocabular, unul dintre pu\u021binele nume de demoni medievali care au r\u0103mas prezente nealterat \u00een limb\u0103.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Transmiterea cuno\u0219tin\u021belor \u0219i a nara\u021biunilor de-a lungul genera\u021biilor.\" tabindex=\"0\">Tradi\u021bia<\/span> se \u00eentinde de la literatura medieval\u0103 german\u0103 \u0219i sursele juridice, prin colec\u021biile Grimm, p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een arhivele folclorice moderne. Alp este \u00eenrudit cultural cu Mahr (ini\u021bial feminin) \u0219i cu engleza <em>mare<\/em> din cuv\u00e2ntul <em>nightmare<\/em>. Este alungat prin semne la prag, cu\u021bit sub pern\u0103, rug\u0103ciuni \u0219i formule populare de ap\u0103rare.<\/p><div><p><strong>Atest\u0103ri \u00een germana medieval\u0103 \u0219i Malleus Maleficarum<\/strong><\/p><p>Liniile de tradi\u021bie ale lui Alp pot fi urm\u0103rite p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een germana medieval\u0103. Wilhelm Grimm a documentat \u00een colec\u021biile sale relat\u0103ri despre co\u0219maruri \u0219i vizite nocturne \u00een care o fiin\u021b\u0103 demonic\u0103 st\u0103tea pe pieptul celui adormit \u0219i amenin\u021ba s\u0103-l sufoce.<\/p><p>Termenul \u00eensu\u0219i apare \u00een diverse variante regionale: <em>Alb<\/em> \u00een Suabia, <em>Alp<\/em> \u00een Bavaria, <em>Elf<\/em> \u00een Holstein. Aceast\u0103 varia\u021bie indic\u0103 o tradi\u021bie popular\u0103 distribuit\u0103 de-a lungul secolelor, \u00een care forma fiin\u021bei a r\u0103mas stabil\u0103, dar nomenclatura a divergut regional.<\/p><p>\u00cen <em>Malleus Maleficarum<\/em> (Heinrich Kramer \u0219i Jacob Sprenger, 1487) sunt descrise cazuri de h\u0103r\u021buire nocturn\u0103 prin for\u021be demonice.<\/p><p>De\u0219i Alp nu este men\u021bionat acolo pe nume, simptomele descrise (paralizie, dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie, viziuni ale unei greut\u0103\u021bi ap\u0103s\u0103toare) corespund relat\u0103rilor din <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cultura popular\u0103 transmis\u0103 prin tradi\u021bie, cu obiceiuri, nara\u021biuni \u0219i c\u00e2ntece.\" tabindex=\"0\">folclorul<\/span> ulterior. V\u00e2n\u0103torii de vr\u0103jitoare recuno\u0219teau \u00een aceste fenomene o interven\u021bie demonic\u0103, nu o tulburare fiziologic\u0103 a somnului cum o vedea medicina secolului al XIX-lea.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Prezentare succint\u0103: Alp<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Tip:<\/strong> Spirit ap\u0103s\u0103tor nocturn, aduc\u0103tor de co\u0219maruri<br>Origine: <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O entitate incorporal\u0103 c\u0103reia i se atribuie efecte \u00een lume.\" tabindex=\"0\">Spirit<\/span> mic, adesea asociat cu mor\u021bii sau vr\u0103jitoarele<br>Texte: surse juridice medievale germane, Grimm, colec\u021bii folclorice<br>Perioad\u0103: Evul Mediu timpuriu p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent (lingvistic p\u00e2n\u0103 ast\u0103zi)<br>Ap\u0103rare: Drudenfu\u00df, pantofi pu\u0219i invers, cu\u021bit sub pern\u0103<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00cencadrare istoric\u0103<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Perioada textelor<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Atestat timpuriu \u00een literatura medieval\u0103 german\u0103 (Nibelungenlied, Walther) \u0219i \u00een surse juridice (vr\u0103ji d\u0103un\u0103toare). Bogat documentat \u00een colec\u021biile din secolele XIX \u0219i XX (Grimm, Wolf, M\u00fcller-Bergstr\u00f6m). Ca termen, prezent p\u00e2n\u0103 ast\u0103zi \u00een \u201eAlbtraum&#8221;.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Spa\u021biul de r\u0103sp\u00e2ndire<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Spa\u021biul germanofon; figuri similare cu alte denumiri (Nachtmahr, Drude, Trud) \u00een regiunile \u00eenconjur\u0103toare. Formarea cuv\u00e2ntului englez <em>nightmare<\/em> deriv\u0103 din varianta Mahr.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Situa\u021bia surselor<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Texte medievale germane, surse juridice (procese de vr\u0103jitorie), <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ansamblul nara\u021biunilor despre zei transmise prin tradi\u021bie \u00eentr-o cultur\u0103.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span> german\u0103 a lui Grimm, arhive folclorice din secolele XIX \u0219i XX; cercetarea modern\u0103 a somnului ca continuare secular\u0103.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Denumire \u0219i variante<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Germana medieval\u0103:<\/strong> <em>alp<\/em>, <em>alb<\/em>. Etimologic \u00eenrudit cu \u201eelf&#8221;, Alp este ini\u021bial un elf cu func\u021bie negativ\u0103.<br>Variante regionale: Trud\/Drud (bavarez), Nachtmahr (r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit), Walrider, Doggeli (elve\u021bian), Mart (german de nord).<br>Englez\u0103: <em>mare<\/em> \u00een <em>nightmare<\/em>.<\/p><p>Ecua\u021bia Alp = elf surprinde doar la prima vedere: \u00een concep\u021bia germanic\u0103 mai veche, elfii erau fiin\u021be ambivalente, nu figurile prietenoase din <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cultura popular\u0103 transmis\u0103 prin tradi\u021bie, cu obiceiuri, nara\u021biuni \u0219i c\u00e2ntece.\" tabindex=\"0\">folclorul<\/span> ulterior. \u201eElfenschuss&#8221; pentru boli bru\u0219te apar\u021bine aceluia\u0219i complex.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Caracteristici<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u00cenf\u0103\u021bi\u0219are<\/strong><\/p><p>Mic, ap\u0103s\u0103tor, adesea ne\u00eensemnat ca aspect. \u00cen unele relat\u0103ri apare \u00een form\u0103 de animal: pisic\u0103, p\u0103ianjen, nev\u0103stuic\u0103, uneori ca un copil deformat. Rar reprezentat vizual precis; mai degrab\u0103 perceput ca presiune \u0219i greutate.<\/p><p><strong>Comportament<\/strong><\/p><p>Vine noaptea prin gaura cheii, co\u0219, cr\u0103p\u0103turile u\u0219ii. Se a\u0219eaz\u0103 pe pieptul celui adormit, \u00eei ia respira\u021bia \u0219i mi\u0219carea. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dar adresat unei divinit\u0103\u021bi pentru a exprima mul\u021bumire, rug\u0103minte sau venera\u021bie.\" tabindex=\"0\">Victima<\/span> nu poate striga, nu poate fugi. Conform cercet\u0103rii moderne a somnului: simptomatic\u0103 clasic\u0103 a <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"\/ro\/schlafparalyse\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Stare de veghe \u00een atonie muscular\u0103 REM; corpul este \u00eenc\u0103 paralizat.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">paraliziei \u00een somn<\/a>.<\/p><p><strong>Domeniu de ac\u021biune<\/strong><\/p><p>Spa\u021biul de dormit, mai ales \u00een anumite nop\u021bi (zile de hotar, lun\u0103 plin\u0103). \u00cen tradi\u021biile rurale \u0219i caii: Alp \u201ec\u0103l\u0103re\u0219te&#8221; calul noaptea; diminea\u021ba se g\u0103se\u0219te coama \u00eenc\u00e2lcit\u0103.<\/p><p><strong>\u00cencadrare mitologic\u0103<\/strong><\/p><p>Ini\u021bial figur\u0103 elfic\u0103, deplasat\u0103 \u00een credin\u021ba popular\u0103 spre spiritul ap\u0103s\u0103tor amenin\u021b\u0103tor. \u00cen reinterpretarea cre\u0219tin\u0103, \u00een\u021beles par\u021bial ca <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Entitate spiritual\u0103 c\u0103reia i se atribuie efecte d\u0103un\u0103toare sau ambivalente.\" tabindex=\"0\">demon<\/span> sau ca suflet al unei vr\u0103jitoare. \u00cen interpretarea modern\u0103, <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"\/ro\/schlafparalyse\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Stare de veghe \u00een atonie muscular\u0103 REM; interpretat global ca experien\u021b\u0103 cu spirite (Mahr, Old Hag, Kanashibari) - explicabil neurologic.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">paralizie \u00een somn<\/a> ca fenomen neurologic.<\/p><div><p><strong>Paralizia \u00een somn \u0219i interpretarea cultural\u0103<\/strong><\/p><p>Medicina modern\u0103 cunoa\u0219te starea drept <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"\/ro\/schlafparalyse\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Stare de veghe \u00een atonie muscular\u0103 REM; interpretat global ca experien\u021b\u0103 cu spirite (Mahr, Old Hag, Kanashibari) - explicabil neurologic.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">paralizie \u00een somn<\/a> sau <em>isolated sleep paralysis<\/em>. Apare c\u00e2nd con\u0219tiin\u021ba se treze\u0219te \u00een timpul somnului REM, dar corpul este \u00eenc\u0103 paralizat prin protec\u021bia natural\u0103 a tonusului muscular din vis. Pacien\u021bii raporteaz\u0103 halucina\u021bii, dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie \u0219i senza\u021bia unei greut\u0103\u021bi ap\u0103s\u0103toare pe piept.<\/p><p>Interpretarea cultural\u0103 a oscilat \u00eentre supranatural \u0219i medical \u00een func\u021bie de epoc\u0103 \u0219i regiune. \u00cen spa\u021biul germanofon, Alp a r\u0103mas mult\u0103 vreme explica\u021bia de referin\u021b\u0103 pentru aceste fenomene. David Hufford a documentat \u00een <em>The Terror that Comes in the Night<\/em> (1982) constan\u021ba fenomenologic\u0103 a acestor experien\u021be dincolo de culturi.<\/p><p>Liniile de tradi\u021bie ale lui Alp nu au disp\u0103rut odat\u0103 cu secularizarea, ci au fost reinterpretate. Literatura psihologic\u0103 \u0219i terapeutic\u0103 a secolului XX s-a raportat par\u021bial la colec\u021biile de <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0218tiin\u021ba care cerceteaz\u0103 cultura cotidian\u0103, obiceiurile \u0219i reprezent\u0103rile transmise prin tradi\u021bie.\" tabindex=\"0\">folcloristic\u0103<\/span> pentru a contextualiza istoric tulbur\u0103rile de somn. Alp a r\u0103mas o arhiv\u0103 cultural\u0103 pentru necunoscutul care se sustragea ini\u021bial explica\u021biei ra\u021bionale.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fi\u0219\u0103 de identificare: Alp<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cele mai importante aspecte ale lui Alp privite de ansamblu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tradi\u021bie<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Provenit din concep\u021bia germanic\u0103 despre elfi; transformat \u00een credin\u021ba popular\u0103 \u00een spirit ap\u0103s\u0103tor amenin\u021b\u0103tor. \u00cen reinterpretarea cre\u0219tin\u0103, par\u021bial ca <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Entitate spiritual\u0103 c\u0103reia i se atribuie efecte d\u0103un\u0103toare sau ambivalente.\" tabindex=\"0\">demon<\/span>, par\u021bial ca suflet de vr\u0103jitoare.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u021ainta lui Alp<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Oameni adormi\u021bi, \u00een special \u00een decubit dorsal. \u00cen tradi\u021bia rural\u0103 \u0219i caii din grajd.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Form\u0103<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mic, ap\u0103s\u0103tor, diform. Poate lua form\u0103 de animal (pisic\u0103, p\u0103ianjen, nev\u0103stuic\u0103). Adesea mai degrab\u0103 perceput ca presiune dec\u00e2t v\u0103zut.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Activitate<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Presiune pe piept, imposibilitatea de a se mi\u0219ca, dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie, co\u0219maruri intense. Interpretare modern\u0103: <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"\/ro\/schlafparalyse\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Stare de veghe \u00een atonie muscular\u0103 REM; interpretat global ca experien\u021b\u0103 cu spirite (Mahr, Old Hag, Kanashibari) - explicabil neurologic.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">paralizie \u00een somn<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mijloace de ap\u0103rare<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Drudenfu\u00df (pentagram\u0103) la u\u0219\u0103 \u0219i la pat, pantofi pu\u0219i invers \u00een fa\u021ba patului, cu\u021bit cu t\u0103i\u0219ul \u00een sus sub pern\u0103, sun\u0103toare sub pat, rug\u0103ciuni.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Coresponden\u021be ale lui Alp<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mahr, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/lilu-und-lilitu\/\">Lil\u016b \u0219i Lil\u012btu<\/a>, Empusa, Strix, Kikimora slav\u0103, cercetarea modern\u0103 a <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"\/ro\/schlafparalyse\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Stare de veghe \u00een atonie muscular\u0103 REM; interpretat global ca experien\u021b\u0103 cu spirite (Mahr, Old Hag, Kanashibari) - explicabil neurologic.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">paraliziei \u00een somn<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Practici de protec\u021bie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Protec\u021bia pragului \u0219i a patului<\/strong><\/p><p>Drudenfu\u0219 (pentagram\u0103 cu un v\u00e2rf \u00een sus) la u\u0219\u0103 sau deasupra patului. Pantofi pu\u0219i invers \u00een fa\u021ba patului dezorienteaz\u0103 Alp-ul. Cu\u021bit cu t\u0103i\u0219ul \u00een sus sub pern\u0103, atestat tradi\u021bional \u00een toat\u0103 Europa Central\u0103.<\/p><p><strong>Formule verbale<\/strong><\/p><p>Scurte desc\u00e2ntece populare la culcare. Alp trebuie chemat pe nume; atunci este obligat s\u0103-i spun\u0103 chem\u0103torului propriul s\u0103u nume \u0219i dispare. Credin\u021ba popular\u0103 cunoa\u0219te \u201eAlprufungen&#8221; ca practic\u0103 de ap\u0103rare.<\/p><p><strong>Protec\u021bia cailor<\/strong><\/p><p>\u00cen grajd: potcoave, oglinda-Alp (o bucat\u0103 de metal reflectorizant\u0103), felinare aprinse. \u00cen unele regiuni calului i se pune un guler cu clopo\u021bei; Alp se teme de sunetul acestora.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Coresponden\u021be \u0219i interpretare modern\u0103<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Coresponden\u021be mondiale:<\/strong> Lil\u016b\/Lil\u012btu \u00een Mesopotamia, Empusa \u00een Grecia, Strix la Roma, Kikimora \u00een spa\u021biul slav, Baka Jaga \u00een unele forme nocturne. Peste tot aceea\u0219i structur\u0103: spirit nocturn feminin sau de statur\u0103 mic\u0103 care h\u0103r\u021buie\u0219te cei adormi\u021bi.<\/p><p><strong>Cercetarea somnului:<\/strong> Cercetarea modern\u0103 de laborator a somnului identific\u0103 simptomatica drept <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"\/ro\/schlafparalyse\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Stare de veghe \u00een atonie muscular\u0103 REM; interpretat global ca experien\u021b\u0103 cu spirite (Mahr, Old Hag, Kanashibari) - explicabil neurologic.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">paralizie \u00een somn<\/a>, tranzi\u021bie din somnul REM \u00een care atonia muscular\u0103 \u0219i con\u0219tiin\u021ba se suprapun. Cercetarea folcloric\u0103 demonstreaz\u0103 acelea\u0219i descrieri fenomenologice transculturale.<\/p><p><strong>Receptare:<\/strong> Alp tr\u0103ie\u0219te lingvistic p\u00e2n\u0103 ast\u0103zi \u00een \u201eAlbtraum&#8221;. Faimosul tablou al lui F\u00fcssli \u201eDer Nachtmahr&#8221; (1781) este cea mai cunoscut\u0103 reprezentare artistic\u0103. Literatura horror modern\u0103 \u0219i filmul preiau <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un element tematic recurent \u00een art\u0103 sau nara\u021biune.\" tabindex=\"0\">motivul<\/span>.<\/p><div><p><strong>\u00cenrudirea cu Mahr \u0219i al\u021bi spirite nocturni<\/strong><\/p><p>Alp este str\u00e2ns \u00eenrudit cu <em>Mahr<\/em>; ambii sunt spirite nocturne care stau pe oamenii adormi\u021bi \u0219i provoac\u0103 ap\u0103sare. Diferen\u021ba rezid\u0103 adesea doar \u00een gen \u0219i regionalitate: acolo unde apare Alp (masculin sau neutru), \u00een regiunile \u00eenvecinate Mahr (feminin) poate explica acela\u0219i fenomen.<\/p><p>Corespondentele scandinave precum norvegianul <em>Mareritt<\/em> \u0219i islandezul <em>Mara<\/em> indic\u0103 o r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103 germanic\u0103 r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u00een nordul \u0219i centrul Europei.<\/p><p>\u00cen <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0218tiin\u021ba care cerceteaz\u0103 religiile \u00een mod comparativ \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 adeziune confesional\u0103.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0219tiin\u021ba comparat\u0103 a religiilor<\/span> Alp este uneori clasificat ca subcategorie a demonilor, dar adesea tratat ca o clas\u0103 de fiin\u021be de sine st\u0103t\u0103toare, deoarece localitatea \u0219i recuren\u021ba experien\u021belor par mai caracteristice dec\u00e2t r\u0103utatea abstract\u0103 a unui demon clasic. Aceast\u0103 delimitare r\u0103m\u00e2ne dezb\u0103tut\u0103 \u00een literatura de specialitate.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9cdd254 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9cdd254\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpebbec9d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpebbec9d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Alp \u0219i cuv\u00e2ntul Albtraum<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfab36f7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpfab36f7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpac5f837 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpac5f837\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cea mai clar\u0103 urm\u0103 pe care <em>Alp<\/em> a l\u0103sat-o \u00een limba de ast\u0103zi este cuv\u00e2ntul <em>Albtraum<\/em>, al\u0103turi de grafia mai veche <em>Alptraum<\/em>. El desemneaz\u0103 la propriu visul provocat de Alp.<\/p><p>Aceast\u0103 constatare lingvistic\u0103 conduce direct \u00een miezul concep\u021biei despre Alp: Alp este \u00eenainte de toate un spirit ap\u0103s\u0103tor, o fiin\u021b\u0103 care se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe cel adormit, \u00eei apas\u0103 pieptul \u0219i \u00eei pricinuie\u0219te astfel vise grele, \u00eensp\u0103im\u00e2nt\u0103toare, precum \u0219i o senza\u021bie de sufocare \u0219i paralizie.<\/p><p>Familia lexical\u0103 se \u00eentinde departe \u00een trecut. Este \u00eenrudit\u0103 cu vechiul nordic <em>alfr<\/em>, care desemneaz\u0103 elfii sau elbii, \u0219i cu englezul <em>elf<\/em>.<\/p><p>\u00cen englez\u0103, vechea reprezentare tr\u0103ie\u0219te \u00een cuv\u00e2ntul <em>nightmare<\/em>, al c\u0103rui al doilea element, <em>mare<\/em>, apar\u021bine aceleia\u0219i arii radicale ca \u0219i germana <a href=\"\/ro\/mahr\/\">Mahr<\/a>. Aceste conexiuni translingvistice arat\u0103 c\u0103 reprezentarea unei fiin\u021be ap\u0103s\u0103toare nocturne era foarte veche \u0219i larg r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u00een spa\u021biul lingvistic germanic.<\/p><p>Din punct de vedere istorico-lingvistic este interesant c\u0103 Alp apar\u021binea ini\u021bial, se pare, elbilor, adic\u0103 unei \u00eentregi clase de fiin\u021be naturale, \u0219i abia mai t\u00e2rziu s-a restr\u00e2ns la func\u021bia special\u0103 a celui care h\u0103r\u021buie\u0219te noaptea.<\/p><p>Cercetarea <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ansamblul nara\u021biunilor despre zei transmise prin tradi\u021bie \u00eentr-o cultur\u0103.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologiei<\/span> germanice \u0219i a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0218tiin\u021ba care cerceteaz\u0103 cultura cotidian\u0103, obiceiurile \u0219i reprezent\u0103rile transmise prin tradi\u021bie.\" tabindex=\"0\">folcloristicii<\/span> istorice a ar\u0103tat c\u0103 semnifica\u021bia cuv\u00e2ntului s-a r\u0103sturnat de mai multe ori, de la o fiin\u021b\u0103 spiritual\u0103 general\u0103 la spiritul ap\u0103s\u0103tor \u0219i p\u00e2n\u0103 la sensul ast\u0103zi aproape exclusiv figurat din cuv\u00e2ntul <em>Albtraum<\/em>.<\/p><p>Alp este astfel un exemplu de supravie\u021buire a unei reprezent\u0103ri mitologice \u00een limb\u0103, mult dup\u0103 ce credin\u021ba \u00een fiin\u021ba \u00eens\u0103\u0219i a p\u0103luit.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp383e27c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp383e27c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd33fc94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpd33fc94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralizia \u00een somn: nucleul medical al unei vechi reprezent\u0103ri<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp488d917 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp488d917\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1274817 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp1274817\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Reprezentarea despre Alp este un exemplu mult studiat al modului \u00een care o experien\u021b\u0103 corporal\u0103 real\u0103 este interpretat\u0103 cultural. Experien\u021ba care st\u0103 la baza nara\u021biunii despre Alp corespunde \u00een multe privin\u021be ceea ce medicina somnului de ast\u0103zi descrie drept paralizie \u00een somn.<\/p><p>Con\u0219tiin\u021ba se treze\u0219te \u00een timp ce relaxarea muscular\u0103 din somnul de vis continu\u0103. Persoana afectat\u0103 este treaz\u0103, dar nu se poate mi\u0219ca, simte adesea o presiune pe piept, dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie \u0219i team\u0103, iar nu rareori se adaug\u0103 percep\u021bii ale unei prezen\u021be amenin\u021b\u0103toare \u00een camer\u0103.<\/p><p>Aceast\u0103 experien\u021b\u0103 este atestat\u0103 \u00een toate culturile \u0219i epocile \u0219i aproape pretutindeni a fost explicat\u0103 printr-o fiin\u021b\u0103 atacatoare. Tradi\u021bia popular\u0103 german\u0103 o interpreta ca lucrare a lui Alp; alte culturi cunosc spirite ap\u0103s\u0103toare comparabile.<\/p><p>Cercetarea comparativ-cultural\u0103 a paraliziei \u00een somn a ar\u0103tat c\u0103 simptomele corporale de baz\u0103 sunt remarcabil de stabile, \u00een timp ce interpretarea variaz\u0103 de la o cultur\u0103 la alta. Fiin\u021ba pe care pare c\u0103 o percepe cineva poart\u0103 tr\u0103s\u0103turile pe care i le confer\u0103 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Transmiterea cuno\u0219tin\u021belor \u0219i a nara\u021biunilor de-a lungul genera\u021biilor.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradi\u021bia<\/span> local\u0103.<\/p><p>Aceast\u0103 constatare nu devalorizeaz\u0103 reprezentarea despre Alp, ci o face pentru prima dat\u0103 inteligibil\u0103. Explic\u0103 de ce credin\u021ba \u00een Alp era at\u00e2t de r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u0219i de persistent\u0103: se \u00eentemeia pe o experien\u021b\u0103 recurent\u0103, pregnant\u0103, pentru care nu exista alt\u0103 explica\u021bie \u00eenainte de cercetarea modern\u0103 a somnului.<\/p><p>Abordarea folcloristic\u0103 \u0219i cea din \u0219tiin\u021ba religiilor vede \u00een Alp, prin urmare, un exemplu model pentru \u00eempletirea experien\u021bei corporale cu interpretarea cultural\u0103. Experien\u021ba era real\u0103, fiin\u021ba explicatoare era o construc\u021bie cultural\u0103, iar \u00eempreun\u0103 au format un complex de credin\u021b\u0103 stabil de-a lungul secolelor.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp58c2f6a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp58c2f6a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf7a02cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpf7a02cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Reprezent\u0103ri \u00eenrudite \u0219i Mahr<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5e6a3ee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp5e6a3ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdb6f9e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpdb6f9e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Alp nu st\u0103 singur, ci apar\u021bine unui m\u0103nunchi de reprezent\u0103ri str\u00e2ns \u00eenrudite despre spiritul ap\u0103s\u0103tor nocturn. Cel mai important \u00eenrudit este <a href=\"\/ro\/mahr\/\">Mahr<\/a>, care \u00eendepline\u0219te \u00een mari p\u0103r\u021bi ale spa\u021biului germanofon aceea\u0219i func\u021bie: apas\u0103 pe cel adormit, \u00eel c\u0103l\u0103re\u0219te, \u00eei \u00eengreuneaz\u0103 pieptul.<\/p><p>\u00cen unele regiuni termenii erau folosi\u021bi al\u0103turat, \u00een altele unul sau cel\u0103lalt era predominant. Aceast\u0103 distribu\u021bie regional\u0103 este un domeniu bine documentat al <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0218tiin\u021ba care cerceteaz\u0103 cultura cotidian\u0103, obiceiurile \u0219i reprezent\u0103rile transmise prin tradi\u021bie.\" tabindex=\"0\">folcloristicii<\/span> istorice.<\/p><p>Caracteristic\u0103 pentru \u00eentregul cerc de reprezent\u0103ri este amestecul mai multor imagini. Spiritul ap\u0103s\u0103tor este g\u00e2ndit par\u021bial ca o fiin\u021b\u0103 spiritual\u0103 de sine st\u0103t\u0103toare, par\u021bial ca sufletul trimis al unui om viu care \u00eei chinuie\u0219te pe al\u021bii con\u0219tient sau incon\u0219tient.<\/p><p>\u00cen aceast\u0103 a doua interpretare, reprezentarea despre Alp se une\u0219te cu credin\u021ba \u00een vr\u0103jitorie: o anumit\u0103 persoan\u0103 din sat putea fi b\u0103nuit\u0103 c\u0103 vine ca Alp la al\u021bii. Astfel, dintr-o experien\u021b\u0103 nocturn\u0103 devenea o problem\u0103 social\u0103 ce putea declan\u0219a suspiciuni \u0219i imput\u0103ri de vin\u0103 \u00een comunitate.<\/p><p>Din aceast\u0103 lume a reprezent\u0103rilor se explic\u0103 \u0219i mijloacele de ap\u0103rare transmise \u0219i logica lor. Deoarece Alp p\u0103trundea printr-o deschiz\u0103tur\u0103, printr-un nod de lemn sau o cr\u0103p\u0103tur\u0103, astfel de deschiz\u0103turi trebuiau \u00eenchise.<\/p><p>Deoarece putea fi num\u0103rat, \u00eel ajuta s\u0103 i se dea o sarcin\u0103 de num\u0103rat. Deoarece trebuia s\u0103 ia la plecare acela\u0219i drum, putea fi prins dac\u0103 se astupa intrarea.<\/p><p>Aceste mijloace au sens doar \u00een contextul unui anumit model despre modul \u00een care ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 Alp. Cercetarea \u00een \u0219tiin\u021ba religiilor cite\u0219te astfel de practici de ap\u0103rare ca pe o cheie a reprezent\u0103rii subiacente: din ceea ce se f\u0103cea \u00eempotriva lui Alp se poate reconstitui ce se g\u00e2ndea despre el.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Leg\u0103turi suplimentare<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Leg\u0103turi interne recomandate:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/germanisch\/\">Germanic<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/ro\/mahr\/\">Mahr<\/a> (\u00eenrudire str\u00e2ns\u0103), <a href=\"\/ro\/draugr\/\">Draugr<\/a>, <a href=\"\/ro\/nix\/\">Nix<\/a>, <a href=\"\/ro\/troll\/\">Troll<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/lilu-und-lilitu\/\">Lil\u016b \u0219i Lil\u012btu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/empusa\/\">Empusa<\/a><\/li><li>Cercetarea <a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"\/ro\/schlafparalyse\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Stare de veghe \u00een atonie muscular\u0103 REM; interpretat global ca experien\u021b\u0103 cu spirite (Mahr, Old Hag, Kanashibari) - explicabil neurologic.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">paraliziei \u00een somn<\/a><\/li><li>F\u00fcssli, \u201eDer Nachtmahr&#8221;<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatur\u0103 de specialitate<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>O selec\u021bie de surse \u0219i studii centrale privind Alp\/Mahr:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Grimm, Jacob: <em>\u0001M0\u0002<\/em>. 4. Aufl. Berlin 1875, 1878.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Hufford, David J.: <em>\u0001M1\u0002<\/em>. Philadelphia 1982 (<a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"\/ro\/schlafparalyse\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Stare de veghe \u00een atonie muscular\u0103 REM; interpretat global ca experien\u021b\u0103 cu spirite (Mahr, Old Hag, Kanashibari) - explicabil neurologic.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">paralizie \u00een somn<\/a> \u0219i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cultura popular\u0103 transmis\u0103 prin tradi\u021bie, cu obiceiuri, nara\u021biuni \u0219i c\u00e2ntece.\" tabindex=\"0\">folclor<\/span>).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Roscher, Wilhelm Heinrich: <em>Ephialtes. Eine pathologisch-mythologische Abhandlung<\/em>. Leipzig 1900.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Ranft, Michael: <em>Tractat von dem Kauen und Schmatzen der Todten<\/em>. Leipzig 1734 (historisch).<\/span><\/li><\/ul><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><\/div><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Alte lucr\u0103ri de referin\u021b\u0103 \u00een <a href=\"\/ro\/literatur\/\">lista bibliografic\u0103<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-alp-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-alp-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-alp\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-alp-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-alp-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">Practica de protec\u021bie descris\u0103 aici reprezint\u0103 o \u00eencadrare din perspectiva \u0219tiin\u021bei religiilor a tradi\u021biilor istorice. iWell Guard se \u00eenscrie \u00een aceast\u0103 linie cultural-istoric\u0103 a obiectelor de protec\u021bie purtabile \u0219i reprezint\u0103 o form\u0103 contemporan\u0103 a acesteia. <a href=\"\/ro\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">Mai multe despre iWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a453185 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a453185\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5511186 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5511186\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>\u00centreb\u0103ri frecvente despre Alp<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Ce este Alp \u00een <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ansamblul nara\u021biunilor despre zei transmise prin tradi\u021bie \u00eentr-o cultur\u0103.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span> germanic\u0103?<\/h3><p>Alp este un spirit nocturn d\u0103un\u0103tor al tradi\u021biei germanico-germane, care se a\u0219eaz\u0103 pe pieptul oamenilor adormi\u021bi \u0219i provoac\u0103 co\u0219maruri.<\/p><p>Din Alp deriv\u0103 \u0219i cuv\u00e2ntul \u201eAlbtraum&#8221; (atestare mai veche: \u201eAlpdruck&#8221;). \u00cen cercetarea modern\u0103 a somnului, fenomenul este denumit paralizie \u00een somn, imobilizarea temporar\u0103 la trecerea \u00een somnul REM, \u00eenso\u021bit\u0103 adesea de senza\u021bie de presiune, dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie \u0219i halucina\u021bii foarte vii.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Cum se ap\u0103rau oamenii \u00een credin\u021ba popular\u0103 de Alp?<\/h3><p>Medicina popular\u0103 clasic\u0103 cuno\u0219tea numeroase practici de ap\u0103rare: pantofi pu\u0219i invers \u00een fa\u021ba patului, un cu\u021bit deschis pus sub pern\u0103, o ac de fier \u00eenfipt \u00een pat, rostirea Tat\u0103lui Nostru \u00eenainte de culcare, desenarea unei pentagrame pe u\u0219\u0103.<\/p><p>\u00cen Germania de Nord, Alp era alungat \u0219i printr-un desc\u00e2ntec (\u201eAlb, Alb, du-te, nu e\u0219ti al locului acesta&#8221;). Tradi\u021bia din P\u0103durea Neagr\u0103 cuno\u0219tea <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O succesiune reglementat\u0103 de ac\u021biuni simbolice cu semnifica\u021bie religioas\u0103 sau cultural\u0103.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritualul<\/span> pietrei de Alp: un dop de soc g\u0103urit la piciorul patului.<\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ce este Alp \u00een mitologia germanic\u0103?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Alp este un spirit nocturn d\u0103un\u0103tor al tradi\u021biei germanico-germane, care se a\u0219eaz\u0103 pe pieptul oamenilor adormi\u021bi \u0219i provoac\u0103 co\u0219maruri. Din Alp deriv\u0103 \u0219i cuv\u00e2ntul Albtraum (atestare mai veche: Alpdruck). \u00cen cercetarea modern\u0103 a somnului, fenomenul este denumit paralizie \u00een somn, imobilizarea temporar\u0103 la trecerea \u00een somnul REM, \u00eenso\u021bit\u0103 adesea de senza\u021bie de presiune, dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie \u0219i halucina\u021bii foarte vii.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Cum se ap\u0103rau oamenii \u00een credin\u021ba popular\u0103 de Alp?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Medicina popular\u0103 clasic\u0103 cuno\u0219tea numeroase practici de ap\u0103rare: pantofi pu\u0219i invers \u00een fa\u021ba patului, un cu\u021bit deschis pus sub pern\u0103, un ac de fier \u00eenfipt \u00een pat, rostirea Tat\u0103lui Nostru \u00eenainte de culcare, desenarea unei pentagrame pe u\u0219\u0103. \u00cen Germania de Nord, Alp era alungat \u0219i printr-un desc\u00e2ntec. Tradi\u021bia din P\u0103durea Neagr\u0103 cuno\u0219tea ritualul pietrei de Alp: un dop de soc g\u0103urit la piciorul patului.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Alp, spirit al tradi\u021biei germanice Spiritul ap\u0103s\u0103tor nocturn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 german\u0103. SpiritGermanic Cuprins Alp Alp este spirit al tradi\u021biei germanice. Alp este figura clasic\u0103 a paraliziei \u00een somn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 central-european\u0103. Un spirit mic \u0219i ap\u0103s\u0103tor se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe pieptul celui adormit, \u00eei ia respira\u021bia \u0219i provoac\u0103 experien\u021be de co\u0219mar. Cuv\u00e2ntul german [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1660,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Alp","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Alp - Spirit al tradi\u021biei germanice | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Alp este figura clasic\u0103 a paraliziei \u00een somn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 central-european\u0103. Un spirit mic \u0219i ap\u0103s\u0103tor se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe pieptul celui","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"3","wesen_kultur":"germanisch","wesen_klasse":"geister","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-105176","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Alp - Spirit al tradi\u021biei germanice | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Alp este figura clasic\u0103 a paraliziei \u00een somn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 central-european\u0103. Un spirit mic \u0219i ap\u0103s\u0103tor se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe pieptul celui\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Alp\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Alp este figura clasic\u0103 a paraliziei \u00een somn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 central-european\u0103. Un spirit mic \u0219i ap\u0103s\u0103tor se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe pieptul celui\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-08-04T14:09:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_alp.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Timp estimat pentru citire\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"13 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/alp\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/alp\\\/\",\"name\":\"Alp - Spirit al tradi\u021biei germanice | iWell Guard\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/alp\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/alp\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_germanisch_alp.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-08-04T14:08:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-08-04T14:09:22+00:00\",\"description\":\"Alp este figura clasic\u0103 a paraliziei \u00een somn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 central-european\u0103. Un spirit mic \u0219i ap\u0103s\u0103tor se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe pieptul celui\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/alp\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/alp\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/alp\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_germanisch_alp.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_germanisch_alp.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Geister aus der Germanisch-Tradition.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/alp\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/acasa\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Alp\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/alp\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/alp\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Alp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-08-04T14:08:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-08-04T14:09:22+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/alp\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2686,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ro\\\/alp\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_germanisch_alp.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\",\"description\":\"Alp este figura clasic\u0103 a paraliziei \u00een somn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 central-european\u0103. Un spirit mic \u0219i ap\u0103s\u0103tor se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe pieptul celui\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Alp - Spirit al tradi\u021biei germanice | iWell Guard","description":"Alp este figura clasic\u0103 a paraliziei \u00een somn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 central-european\u0103. Un spirit mic \u0219i ap\u0103s\u0103tor se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe pieptul celui","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/","og_locale":"ro_RO","og_type":"article","og_title":"Alp","og_description":"Alp este figura clasic\u0103 a paraliziei \u00een somn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 central-european\u0103. Un spirit mic \u0219i ap\u0103s\u0103tor se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe pieptul celui","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-08-04T14:09:22+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_alp.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Timp estimat pentru citire":"13 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Alp","datePublished":"2026-08-04T14:08:57+00:00","dateModified":"2026-08-04T14:09:22+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/"},"wordCount":2686,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_alp.webp","inLanguage":"ro-RO","description":"Alp este figura clasic\u0103 a paraliziei \u00een somn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 central-european\u0103. Un spirit mic \u0219i ap\u0103s\u0103tor se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe pieptul celui"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/","name":"Alp - Spirit al tradi\u021biei germanice | iWell Guard","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_alp.webp","datePublished":"2026-08-04T14:08:57+00:00","dateModified":"2026-08-04T14:09:22+00:00","description":"Alp este figura clasic\u0103 a paraliziei \u00een somn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 central-european\u0103. Un spirit mic \u0219i ap\u0103s\u0103tor se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe pieptul celui","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ro-RO","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ro-RO","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_alp.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_alp.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Geister aus der Germanisch-Tradition."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/acasa\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Alp"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ro-RO"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ro-RO","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ro-RO","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Alp","datePublished":"2026-08-04T14:08:57+00:00","dateModified":"2026-08-04T14:09:22+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/"},"wordCount":2686,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/alp\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_germanisch_alp.webp","inLanguage":"ro-RO","description":"Alp este figura clasic\u0103 a paraliziei \u00een somn din credin\u021ba popular\u0103 central-european\u0103. Un spirit mic \u0219i ap\u0103s\u0103tor se a\u0219eaz\u0103 noaptea pe pieptul celui"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/105176","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=105176"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/105176\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":105181,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/105176\/revisions\/105181"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1660"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=105176"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=105176"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}