{"id":39856,"date":"2026-07-28T19:22:35","date_gmt":"2026-07-28T19:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/literatur-2\/"},"modified":"2026-07-28T19:22:52","modified_gmt":"2026-07-28T19:22:52","slug":"literatura","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pt-br\/literatura\/","title":{"rendered":"Literatur"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"39856\" class=\"elementor elementor-39856 elementor-1924\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herobc44c97 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"herobc44c97\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg294b867 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg294b867\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/service_literatur-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3416\" alt=\"Literatur - illustrative Darstellung\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/service_literatur-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/service_literatur-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/service_literatur-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/service_literatur.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-h1-1924 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x-h1-1924\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-h1w-1924 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"x-h1w-1924\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura, fontes de estudos religiosos<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-sec-iwgcomp2-literatur elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"sec-iwgcomp2-literatur\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-col-iwgcomp2-literatur\" data-id=\"col-iwgcomp2-literatur\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcomp2-literatur elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcomp2-literatur\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A p\u00e1gina Literatura re\u00fane <strong>fontes<\/strong> de estudos religiosos para o l\u00e9xico.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-restoreh-literatur e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"restoreh-literatur\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-restorei-literatur elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"restorei-literatur\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"442\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Goetter-1200x661-Hintergrund-sym-1024x566.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2272\" alt=\"Hintergrund-Kachel f\u00fcr Goetter-Pages, 1200x661 als Tile\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Goetter-1200x661-Hintergrund-sym-1024x566.webp 1024w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Goetter-1200x661-Hintergrund-sym-300x166.webp 300w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Goetter-1200x661-Hintergrund-sym-768x424.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Goetter-1200x661-Hintergrund-sym.webp 1196w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x404b-s0 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x404b-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x404b-h0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"x404b-h0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x404b-s0-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x404b-s0-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x404b-t0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x404b-t0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A bibliografia re\u00fane as obras centrais em que se apoiam os artigos do l\u00e9xico iWell Guard. A sele\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o \u00e9 exaustiva; uma bibliografia completa de hist\u00f3ria das religi\u00f5es ultrapassaria facilmente a extens\u00e3o do pr\u00f3prio site. S\u00e3o mencionadas as obras consideradas refer\u00eancia padr\u00e3o numa \u00e1rea tem\u00e1tica e que servem de base \u00e0s apresenta\u00e7\u00f5es individuais.<\/p><p>A lista est\u00e1 ordenada por \u00e1reas tem\u00e1ticas: <strong>Hist\u00f3ria das religi\u00f5es em geral<\/strong>, <strong>Demonologia e <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conjunto das narrativas sobre deuses transmitidas pela tradi\u00e7\u00e3o de uma cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mitologia<\/span><\/strong>, <strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">Esoterismo<\/span> e Teosofia<\/strong>. Nos artigos individuais s\u00e3o ainda indicadas as obras especializadas pertinentes (edi\u00e7\u00f5es de fontes, coment\u00e1rios); os t\u00edtulos aqui listados s\u00e3o as obras de refer\u00eancia gerais.<\/p><p>Quem pretender aprofundar o tema encontrar\u00e1, nas p\u00e1ginas individuais das respectivas culturas, como <a href=\"\/pt-br\/mitologia-egipcia\/\">Egito<\/a>, <a href=\"\/pt-br\/mitologia-grega\/\">Gr\u00e9cia<\/a>, <a href=\"\/pt-br\/judaismo\/\">Juda\u00edsmo<\/a>, as refer\u00eancias bibliogr\u00e1ficas especializadas.<\/p><div><h3>Hierarquia de fontes no iWell Guard<\/h3><p>A bibliografia est\u00e1 organizada segundo uma hierarquia de fontes a tr\u00eas n\u00edveis. Em primeiro lugar, as <em>obras de refer\u00eancia dos <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A ci\u00eancia que estuda as religi\u00f5es de forma comparada e sem vincula\u00e7\u00e3o a qualquer cren\u00e7a.\" tabindex=\"0\">estudos religiosos<\/span><\/em>: obras monogr\u00e1ficas de autores consagrados, consideradas ponto de refer\u00eancia na investiga\u00e7\u00e3o acad\u00eamica e amplamente recebidas atrav\u00e9s da literatura secund\u00e1ria em alem\u00e3o e ingl\u00eas.<\/p><p>Em segundo lugar, a <em>literatura especializada sobre classes de seres ou pr\u00e1ticas espec\u00edficas<\/em>: obras com um foco claramente delimitado, que constituem as principais fontes para as p\u00e1ginas de detalhe dos respectivos seres ou pr\u00e1ticas. Em terceiro lugar, as <em>edi\u00e7\u00f5es de fontes de hist\u00f3ria das religi\u00f5es<\/em>: edi\u00e7\u00f5es cr\u00edticas dos principais textos prim\u00e1rios, da s\u00e9rie Maqlu (Abusch\/Schwemer) ao Lemegeton (Peterson, Skinner\/Rankine).<\/p><p>As p\u00e1ginas de detalhe individuais do iWell Guard remetem para as obras centrais desta bibliografia que lhes s\u00e3o relevantes. A bibliografia n\u00e3o \u00e9 completa; lista apenas as obras efetivamente consultadas na documenta\u00e7\u00e3o do iWell Guard.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-literatur-s0 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"add-literatur-s0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-literatur-h0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"add-literatur-h0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hist\u00f3ria das religi\u00f5es (sele\u00e7\u00e3o)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-literatur-s0-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"add-literatur-s0-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-literatur-t0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"add-literatur-t0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Burkert, Walter: Griechische Religion der archaischen und klassischen Epoche. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2. \u00fcberarbeitete Auflage 2011. Obra de refer\u00eancia sobre a religi\u00e3o grega antiga; abrange sistematicamente o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conjunto dos atos de venera\u00e7\u00e3o religiosa dirigidos a uma divindade ou figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culto<\/span>, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uma narrativa transmitida pela tradi\u00e7\u00e3o sobre deuses, origens e a ordem do mundo.\" tabindex=\"0\">mito<\/span>, calend\u00e1rio de festividades, mist\u00e9rios e culto dos her\u00f3is. A refer\u00eancia individual mais importante para os artigos sobre seres gregos.<\/p><p>Eliade, Mircea: Geschichte der religi\u00f6sen Ideen, 3 B\u00e4nde. Freiburg: Herder 1978, 1985 (Originalausgabe Paris 1976, 1983). Hist\u00f3ria comparada das religi\u00f5es, do Paleol\u00edtico ao s\u00e9culo XX. Metodologicamente situado na fenomenologia da religi\u00e3o, com a ressalva de que as s\u00ednteses de Eliade s\u00e3o hoje parcialmente consideradas demasiado simplificadoras, mas ainda indispens\u00e1vel como introdu\u00e7\u00e3o e obra de refer\u00eancia cruzada.<\/p><p>Frazer, James George: The Golden Bough, A Study in Magic and Religion. London: Macmillan 1922 (Standard-Edition; Erstausgabe 1890). Cl\u00e1ssico dos <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A ci\u00eancia que estuda as religi\u00f5es de forma comparada e sem vincula\u00e7\u00e3o a qualquer cren\u00e7a.\" tabindex=\"0\">estudos religiosos<\/span> comparados, metodologicamente ultrapassado em muitos pontos, mas ainda relevante como cole\u00e7\u00e3o de materiais. Frazer \u00e9 citado quando se trata de resultados comparativos; as conclus\u00f5es metodol\u00f3gicas de Frazer n\u00e3o s\u00e3o adotadas sem an\u00e1lise cr\u00edtica.<\/p><p>Smith, Jonathan Z.: Map Is Not Territory. Studies in the History of Religions. Leiden: Brill 1978. Autocr\u00edtica metodol\u00f3gica dos <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A ci\u00eancia que estuda as religi\u00f5es de forma comparada e sem vincula\u00e7\u00e3o a qualquer cren\u00e7a.\" tabindex=\"0\">estudos religiosos<\/span> comparados; importante para compreender o que uma opera\u00e7\u00e3o de compara\u00e7\u00e3o hist\u00f3rico-religiosa pode e n\u00e3o pode alcan\u00e7ar.<\/p><p>Bremmer, Jan N.: Greek Religion. Oxford 1994. Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o concisa e densa \u00e0 religi\u00e3o grega; metodologicamente ao n\u00edvel da investiga\u00e7\u00e3o mais recente.<\/p><p>Burkert, Walter: Homo Necans. Interpretationen altgriechischer Opferriten und Mythen. Berlin: de Gruyter 1997 (Erstausgabe 1972). Estudo sobre a antropologia do sacrif\u00edcio, importante para a compreens\u00e3o dos rituais de viol\u00eancia religiosa na tradi\u00e7\u00e3o grega.<\/p><div><h3>Lista alargada: Hist\u00f3ria das religi\u00f5es<\/h3><p>Assmann, Jan: <em>Moses der \u00c4gypter. Entzifferung einer Ged\u00e4chtnisspur<\/em>. Hanser, M\u00fcnchen 1998. Obra fundamental sobre a quest\u00e3o da singularidade monote\u00edsta.<\/p><p>Assmann, Jan: <em>Tod und Jenseits im alten \u00c4gypten<\/em>. Beck, M\u00fcnchen 2001. Religi\u00e3o funer\u00e1ria eg\u00edpcia em perspectiva comparada das religi\u00f5es.<\/p><p>Bott\u00e9ro, Jean: <em>La religion babylonienne<\/em>. Presses universitaires de France, Paris 1952. Obra de refer\u00eancia cl\u00e1ssica sobre a religi\u00e3o mesopot\u00e2mica.<\/p><p>Burkert, Walter: <em>Anthropologie des religi\u00f6sen Opfers<\/em>. Carl Friedrich von Siemens Stiftung, M\u00fcnchen 1984. Fenomenologia religiosa do sacrif\u00edcio.<\/p><p>Eliade, Mircea: <em>Geschichte der religi\u00f6sen Ideen<\/em>, 4 B\u00e4nde. Herder, Freiburg 1978, 1991. Hist\u00f3ria universal das religi\u00f5es em quatro volumes.<\/p><p>Heiler, Friedrich: <em>Erscheinungsformen und Wesen der Religion<\/em>. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1961. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A ci\u00eancia que estuda as religi\u00f5es de forma comparada e sem vincula\u00e7\u00e3o a qualquer cren\u00e7a.\" tabindex=\"0\">Estudos religiosos fenomenol\u00f3gicos.<\/span>.<\/p><p>Otto, Rudolf: <em>Das Heilige<\/em>. Trewendt &#038; Granier, Breslau 1917. Cl\u00e1ssico da tradi\u00e7\u00e3o filos\u00f3fico-religiosa.<\/p><p>Pauly, August \/ Wissowa, Georg: <em>Realencyclop\u00e4die der classischen Altertumswissenschaft<\/em>, ab 1894. Refer\u00eancia padr\u00e3o para a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c9poca da cultura grega e romana, aproximadamente entre 800 a.C. e 600 d.C.\" tabindex=\"0\">antiga<\/span> <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conjunto das narrativas sobre deuses transmitidas pela tradi\u00e7\u00e3o de uma cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span> e religi\u00e3o.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-literatur-s1 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"add-literatur-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-literatur-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"add-literatur-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Demonologia e mitologia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-literatur-s1-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"add-literatur-s1-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-literatur-t1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"add-literatur-t1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Russell, Jeffrey Burton: The Devil. Perceptions of Evil from Antiquity to Primitive Christianity. Ithaca: Cornell University Press 1977. Primeiro volume da hist\u00f3ria em quatro tomos do conceito do diabo; abrange as ra\u00edzes antigas e o desenvolvimento paleocrist\u00e3o.<\/p><p>Russell, Jeffrey Burton: Lucifer. The Devil in the Middle Ages. Ithaca 1984. Segundo volume; demonologia medieval, cren\u00e7a nas bruxas, s\u00ednteses escol\u00e1sticas.<\/p><p>Walde, Christine (Hg.): Der Neue Pauly. Enzyklop\u00e4die der <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c9poca da cultura grega e romana, aproximadamente entre 800 a.C. e 600 d.C.\" tabindex=\"0\">Antiguidade<\/span>. Stuttgart: Metzler 1996ff. Obra de refer\u00eancia sobre o mundo antigo com artigos detalhados sobre deuses, her\u00f3is, dem\u00f4nios, esp\u00edritos e pr\u00e1ticas religiosas; refer\u00eancia individual mais importante para todos os artigos sobre seres greco-romanos.<\/p><p>West, Martin L.: Indo-European Poetry and Myth. Oxford 2007. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conjunto das narrativas sobre deuses transmitidas pela tradi\u00e7\u00e3o de uma cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mitologia<\/span> comparada da fam\u00edlia lingu\u00edstica indo-europeia; abrange sistematicamente os v\u00ednculos entre a tradi\u00e7\u00e3o v\u00e9dica, greco-romana, germ\u00e2nica e c\u00e9ltica.<\/p><p>Lurker, Manfred: Lexikon der G\u00f6tter und D\u00e4monen. Stuttgart: Kr\u00f6ner 2. erw. Auflage 1989. Obra de consulta concisa com artigos tem\u00e1ticos sobre deuses e dem\u00f4nios de todas as culturas; o instrumento de trabalho mais importante para consulta r\u00e1pida no estilo de l\u00e9xico.<\/p><p>Eliade, Mircea (Ed.): The Encyclopedia of Religion. New York: Macmillan 1987 (16 B\u00e4nde). Obra de refer\u00eancia em ingl\u00eas com artigos tem\u00e1ticos pormenorizados; complementa, para as tradi\u00e7\u00f5es n\u00e3o europeias, onde Der Neue Pauly \u00e9 omisso.<\/p><p>Stuckrad, Kocku von: Geschichte der Astrologie. M\u00fcnchen: Beck 2003. Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o cient\u00edfica da tradi\u00e7\u00e3o astrol\u00f3gica ocidental; relevante para a interface entre <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"O conjunto das narrativas sobre deuses transmitidas pela tradi\u00e7\u00e3o de uma cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span> e pr\u00e1tica ritual.<\/p><div><h3>Lista alargada: investiga\u00e7\u00e3o sobre o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">esoterismo<\/span><\/h3><p>Asprem, Egil: <em>Arguing with Angels. Enochian Magic and Modern Occulture<\/em>. SUNY Press, Albany 2012. Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o hist\u00f3rica da tradi\u00e7\u00e3o enoquiana.<\/p><p>Asprem, Egil: <em>The Problem of Disenchantment. Scientific Naturalism and Esoteric Discourse, 1900, 1939<\/em>. Brill, Leiden 2014. O <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">esoterismo<\/span> em tens\u00e3o com a modernidade cient\u00edfico-natural.<\/p><p>Faivre, Antoine: <em>Acc\u00e8s de l&#8217;\u00e9sot\u00e9risme occidental<\/em>, 2 B\u00e4nde. Gallimard, Paris 1986\/1996. Cl\u00e1ssico da investiga\u00e7\u00e3o acad\u00eamica sobre o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">esoterismo<\/span>.<\/p><p>Hammer, Olav: <em>Claiming Knowledge. Strategies of Epistemology from Theosophy to the New Age<\/em>. Brill, Leiden 2001. Estrat\u00e9gias de conhecimento do <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">esoterismo<\/span>.<\/p><p> moderno.<em>Hanegraaff, Wouter J.: <\/em>New Age Religion and Western Culture. Esotericism in the Mirror of Secular Thought<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">. Brill, Leiden 1996. Obra de refer\u00eancia sobre o <\/span>.<\/p><p>esoterismo<em> New Age.<\/em>Hanegraaff, Wouter J.: <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">Esotericism and the Academy. Rejected Knowledge in Western Culture<\/span>.<\/p><p>. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2012. Hist\u00f3ria da ci\u00eancia do <em>esoterismo<\/em> ocidental.<\/p><p>Kripal, Jeffrey J.: <em>Authors of the Impossible. The Paranormal and the Sacred<\/em>. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 2010. Reflex\u00e3o metodol\u00f3gica sobre fen\u00f4menos paranormais.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">Owen, Alex: <\/span>The Place of Enchantment. British Occultism and the Culture of the Modern<\/p><p>. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 2004. O <em>esoterismo<\/em> brit\u00e2nico por volta de 1900.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nas religi\u00f5es abra\u00e2micas, um ser celestial mensageiro de Deus.\" tabindex=\"0\">Skinner, Stephen \/ Rankine, David: <\/span>The Goetia of Dr Rudd<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-literatur-s2 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"add-literatur-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-literatur-h2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"add-literatur-h2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Esoterismo e teosofia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-literatur-s2-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"add-literatur-s2-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-add-literatur-t2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"add-literatur-t2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.<\/p><p>Hanegraaff, Wouter J.: New Age Religion and Western Culture. Esotericism in the Mirror of Secular Thought. Leiden: Brill 1996. Obra de refer\u00eancia sobre o movimento New Age; classifica\u00e7\u00e3o cient\u00edfica metodologicamente particularmente rigorosa. A refer\u00eancia individual mais importante para todos os artigos sobre seres de luz e tradi\u00e7\u00f5es esot\u00e9ricas modernas.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\". Golden Hoard Press, London 2007. Edi\u00e7\u00e3o cr\u00edtica do manuscrito da Goetia com camada de prote\u00e7\u00e3o angelical.\" tabindex=\"0\">Faivre, Antoine: <\/span>esoterismo<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\"> em perspectiva geral. Hist\u00f3ria secreta do pensamento ocidental. Freiburg 2001 (edi\u00e7\u00e3o original Paris 1992). Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o concisa e metodologicamente clara ao <\/span>esoterismo<\/p><p> ocidental do helenismo \u00e0 modernidade.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">Levi, Eliphas (Alphonse-Louis Constant): Dogme et Rituel de la Haute <\/span>Magie<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pr\u00e1ticas que pretendem intervir no curso dos acontecimentos mediante a\u00e7\u00f5es ou f\u00f3rmulas especiais.\" tabindex=\"0\">. Paris 1855, 1856 (edi\u00e7\u00e3o alem\u00e3: Geschichte und Praxis der hohen <\/span>Magie<\/p><p>. M\u00fcnchen 1979). Texto-chave da alta magia moderna; base documental para as tradi\u00e7\u00f5es m\u00e1gico-rituais dos s\u00e9culos XIX e XX.<\/p><p>Mathers, S. Liddell MacGregor (Hg.\/\u00dcb.): The Goetia. The Lesser Key of Solomon the King. London 1904. Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o inglesa da Goetia do in\u00edcio da \u00e9poca moderna; edi\u00e7\u00e3o padr\u00e3o mais utilizada da pr\u00e1tica go\u00e9tica moderna.<\/p><p>Crowley, Aleister: Magick in Theory and Practice. London 1929. Obra principal de Crowley sobre a alta magia; n\u00e3o deve ser subestimada em termos de hist\u00f3ria da recep\u00e7\u00e3o para o s\u00e9culo XX, metodologicamente peculiar e a ler com dist\u00e2ncia cr\u00edtica.<a class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" href=\"\/pt-br\/gnosis\/\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Pr\u00e1ticas que pretendem intervir no curso dos acontecimentos mediante a\u00e7\u00f5es ou f\u00f3rmulas especiais.\" style=\"color:inherit;text-decoration:none\">Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (Ed.): Dictionary of <\/a>Gnosis<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Corrente religiosa-filos\u00f3fica da Antiguidade Tardia; salva\u00e7\u00e3o atrav\u00e9s do conhecimento oculto, vis\u00e3o do mundo dualista, Demiurgo versus deus supremo.\" tabindex=\"0\"> and Western Esotericism. Leiden: Brill 2005 (2 B\u00e4nde). Obra de consulta tem\u00e1tica sobre o <\/span>esoterismo<\/p><p> ocidental; complementa a obra principal de Hanegraaff sobre o New Age com o contexto esot\u00e9rico mais antigo.<\/p><p>Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna: The Secret Doctrine. The Synthesis of Science, Religion, and Philosophy. London 1888. Obra principal da Teosofia; base documental para a doutrina dos Mestres da Ascens\u00e3o e para muitos conceitos modernos do New Age. \u00c9 necess\u00e1ria dist\u00e2ncia hist\u00f3rico-religiosa na leitura; a obra \u00e9 uma fonte, n\u00e3o uma garantia de verdade.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas: The Western Esoteric Traditions. A Historical Introduction. Oxford 2008. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o cient\u00edfica global do <\/span>esoterismo<\/p><p> ocidental; adequada como segunda introdu\u00e7\u00e3o ap\u00f3s Faivre.<\/p><p>Yates, Frances A.: Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition. London 1964. Cl\u00e1ssico da investiga\u00e7\u00e3o sobre o esoterismo; reconstr\u00f3i a tradi\u00e7\u00e3o herm\u00e9tica como uma corrente aut\u00f4noma da hist\u00f3ria intelectual ocidental. Metodologicamente parcialmente revisto pela investiga\u00e7\u00e3o mais recente, mas ainda de leitura recomendada como apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">Stuckrad, Kocku von: Was ist <\/span>esoterismo<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">? Kleine Geschichte des geheimen Wissens. M\u00fcnchen: Beck 2004. Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o concisa e metodologicamente clara, uma boa entrada para leitores n\u00e3o sistematicamente familiarizados com o conceito de &#8220;<\/span>esoterismo<\/p><p>&#8220;.<\/p><p>Kilcher, Andreas B. (Hg.): Constructing Tradition. Means and Myths of Transmission in Western Esotericism. Leiden: Brill 2010. Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o metodol\u00f3gica sobre como as tradi\u00e7\u00f5es esot\u00e9ricas se reconstroem e se transmitem; importante para a classifica\u00e7\u00e3o das doutrinas modernas dos Mestres da Ascens\u00e3o e das genealogias teos\u00f3ficas.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">Bogdan, Henrik: Western Esotericism and Rituals of <\/span>Initiation<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Transi\u00e7\u00e3o ritual pela qual algu\u00e9m \u00e9 admitido em um novo status ou em uma comunidade.\" tabindex=\"0\">. New York: SUNY Press 2007. Estudo sobre as estruturas de inicia\u00e7\u00e3o em tradi\u00e7\u00f5es esot\u00e9ricas ocidentais; relevante para a compreens\u00e3o da pr\u00e1tica m\u00e1gico-ritual da Goetia at\u00e9 \u00e0s escolas de <\/span>magia<\/p><h3> modernas.<\/h3><p>Notas sobre o trabalho com fontes<\/p><p>As obras mencionadas nesta lista foram selecionadas como refer\u00eancias padr\u00e3o; distinguem-se consideravelmente na orienta\u00e7\u00e3o metodol\u00f3gica.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pr\u00e1ticas que pretendem intervir no curso dos acontecimentos mediante a\u00e7\u00f5es ou f\u00f3rmulas especiais.\" tabindex=\"0\">As obras cient\u00edfico-hist\u00f3ricas (Burkert, Bremmer, Russell) operam com a cr\u00edtica de fontes cl\u00e1ssica e inscrevem-se na tradi\u00e7\u00e3o dos <\/span>. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A ci\u00eancia que estuda as religi\u00f5es de forma comparada e sem vincula\u00e7\u00e3o a qualquer cren\u00e7a.\" tabindex=\"0\">estudos religiosos<\/span> comparados. As obras de hist\u00f3ria do <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Termo gen\u00e9rico para doutrinas que reivindicam um saber oculto, acess\u00edvel apenas a iniciados.\" tabindex=\"0\">esoterismo<\/span> (Hanegraaff, Faivre, Stuckrad) estudam o <\/p><p>esoterismo<\/p><p> ocidental com os instrumentos da investiga\u00e7\u00e3o religiosa; tomam a s\u00e9rio a autocompreens\u00e3o das tradi\u00e7\u00f5es sem lhes dar assentimento.<\/p><p>As obras de car\u00e1ter pr\u00e1tico (Levi, Crowley, Mathers, Blavatsky) s\u00e3o elas pr\u00f3prias fontes, n\u00e3o literatura secund\u00e1ria; s\u00e3o lidas como textos hist\u00f3ricos, n\u00e3o como refer\u00eancia factual para a respectiva tradi\u00e7\u00e3o. Esta distin\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 importante nas cita\u00e7\u00f5es, e assinalamo-la nos artigos individuais quando se trata de uma tradi\u00e7\u00e3o concreta.<\/p>\n<h2>Quem procura uma introdu\u00e7\u00e3o a uma determinada cultura come\u00e7a preferencialmente pela obra de refer\u00eancia geral indicada na p\u00e1gina de entrada da respectiva cultura e aprofunda a partir da\u00ed a literatura especializada.<\/h2><p>As obras de refer\u00eancia hist\u00f3ricas est\u00e3o todas acess\u00edveis em bibliotecas universit\u00e1rias de maior dimens\u00e3o; algumas est\u00e3o dispon\u00edveis em edi\u00e7\u00f5es de acesso aberto ou em edi\u00e7\u00f5es de estudo a pre\u00e7o acess\u00edvel. Para quest\u00f5es espec\u00edficas de fontes, como a literatura de exorcismo acadiano ou a tradi\u00e7\u00e3o dos seres de prote\u00e7\u00e3o do budismo tibetano, recomenda-se come\u00e7ar pela literatura especializada indicada na apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o individual do respectivo ser.<\/p><ul>\n<li>Outras obras de refer\u00eancia<\/li>\n<li>Estas obras servem de base em muitas p\u00e1ginas de detalhe e est\u00e3o aqui reunidas de forma centralizada.<\/li>\n<li>Aldhouse-Green, Miranda: The Gods of the Celts. Sutton, Stroud 1986. Panor\u00e2mica do mundo divino dos Celtas com base em fontes arqueol\u00f3gicas e iconogr\u00e1ficas.<\/li>\n<li>Andrew George, &#8220;The Babylonian Gilgamesh Epic&#8221;, Oxford 2003. Edi\u00e7\u00e3o cr\u00edtica e tradu\u00e7\u00e3o da epopeia babil\u00f4nica de Gilgamesh, edi\u00e7\u00e3o de refer\u00eancia da investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em cuneiforme.<\/li>\n<li>Assmann, Jan: \u00c4gyptische Religion. Theologie und Fr\u00f6mmigkeit einer fr\u00fchen Hochkultur. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1984. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o da teologia e da piedade no antigo Egito, manual de estudo difundido de egiptologia.<\/li>\n<li>Aston, William G.: Shinto. The Way of the Gods. London 1905. Primeira apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o ocidental global do Shinto, durante muito tempo utilizada como introdu\u00e7\u00e3o em l\u00edngua inglesa.<\/li>\n<li>Axel Michaels &#8220;Der Hinduismus&#8221; (2. Aufl. 2006). Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global do Hindu\u00edsmo do ponto de vista dos estudos religiosos, obra de refer\u00eancia em l\u00edngua alem\u00e3 para o ensino e a investiga\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li>Beard, Mary \/ North, John \/ Price, Simon: Religions of Rome. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1998. Hist\u00f3ria em dois volumes da religi\u00e3o romana com volume de fontes, obra de refer\u00eancia dos estudos cl\u00e1ssicos.<\/li>\n<li>Bhattacharji, Sukumari: The Indian Theogony. Cambridge 1970. Estudo sobre o desenvolvimento das concep\u00e7\u00f5es indianas dos deuses desde os Vedas at\u00e9 aos Puranas.<\/li>\n<li>Birrell, Anne: Chinese Mythology. An Introduction. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore 1993. Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 mitologia chinesa com base em fontes textuais cl\u00e1ssicas, obra de panor\u00e2mica acad\u00eamica corrente.<\/li>\n<li>Black, Jeremy \/ Green, Anthony: Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia. An Illustrated Dictionary. British Museum Press, London 1992. Obra de consulta ilustrada sobre deuses, dem\u00f4nios e s\u00edmbolos da Mesopot\u00e2mia, refer\u00eancia padr\u00e3o da assiriologia.<\/li>\n<li>Bocking, Brian: A Popular Dictionary of Shinto. London 1995. Obra de consulta compacta sobre termos, santu\u00e1rios e pr\u00e1ticas do Shinto.<\/li>\n<li>Bonnefoy, Yves: Roman and European Mythologies. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1992. Volume coletivo enciclop\u00e9dico sobre mitologias romanas e europeias, extra\u00eddo do l\u00e9xico de mitologia de Bonnefoy.<\/li>\n<li>Bonnet, Hans: Reallexikon der \u00e4gyptischen Religionsgeschichte. Berlin 2000. L\u00e9xico abrangente da hist\u00f3ria da religi\u00e3o eg\u00edpcia, obra de consulta cl\u00e1ssica da egiptologia.<\/li>\n<li>Bott\u00e9ro, Jean: La plus vieille religion. En M\u00e9sopotamie. Paris 1998. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global em franc\u00eas da religi\u00e3o mesopot\u00e2mica como a mais antiga religi\u00e3o documentada.<\/li>\n<li>Bott\u00e9ro, Jean: Religion in Ancient Mesopotamia. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 2001. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global em ingl\u00eas da religi\u00e3o mesopot\u00e2mica numa perspectiva assiriol\u00f3gica.<\/li>\n<li>Breen, John \/ Teeuwen, Mark: A New History of Shinto. Chichester 2010. Nova apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o hist\u00f3rico-cr\u00edtica da hist\u00f3ria do Shinto, que corrige pressupostos anteriores de continuidade.<\/li>\n<li>Bremmer, Jan N.: The Early Greek Concept of the Soul. Princeton University Press, Princeton 1983. Estudo sobre as concep\u00e7\u00f5es gregas primitivas da alma com base em fontes hom\u00e9ricas e arcaicas.<\/li>\n<li>Brown, Peter: The Cult of the Saints. Its Rise and Function in Latin Christianity. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1981. Estudo sobre a origem e a fun\u00e7\u00e3o do culto dos santos no cristianismo latino da Antiguidade Tardia.<\/li>\n<li>Burkert, Walter: Griechische Religion der archaischen und klassischen Epoche. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1977. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global da religi\u00e3o grega arcaica e cl\u00e1ssica, obra de refer\u00eancia da especialidade.<\/li>\n<li>B\u00e4chtold-St\u00e4ubli, Hanns: Handw\u00f6rterbuch des deutschen Aberglaubens. Berlin 1927, 42. Dicion\u00e1rio em v\u00e1rios volumes sobre a cren\u00e7a popular alem\u00e3, obra de consulta central da etnologia.<\/li>\n<li>Conze, Edward: Buddhist Thought in India. George Allen &#038; Unwin, London 1962. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o da filosofia budista indiana em tr\u00eas fases de desenvolvimento, introdu\u00e7\u00e3o cl\u00e1ssica.<\/li>\n<li>de Vries, Jan: Altgermanische Religionsgeschichte. 2 B\u00e4nde, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1956, 1957. Hist\u00f3ria das religi\u00f5es dos povos germ\u00e2nicos em dois volumes, obra de refer\u00eancia em l\u00edngua alem\u00e3 dos estudos de antiguidades germ\u00e2nicas.<\/li>\n<li>Deren, Maya: Divine Horsemen. The Living Gods of Haiti. New York 1953. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o etnogr\u00e1fica do Vodou haitiano e dos seus deuses a partir da observa\u00e7\u00e3o participante.<\/li>\n<li>Donald Cosentino (Hg.), &#8220;Sacred Arts of Haitian Vodou&#8221; (Los Angeles 1995). Volume de exposi\u00e7\u00e3o sobre a arte sagrada do Vodou haitiano com contribui\u00e7\u00f5es cient\u00edficas.<\/li>\n<li>Doniger, Wendy: The Hindus. An Alternative History. Penguin, New York 2009. Hist\u00f3ria global alternativa do Hindu\u00edsmo com aten\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s mulheres, castas e grupos marginais.<\/li>\n<li>El-Zein, Amira: Islam, Arabs, and the Intelligent World of the Jinn. Syracuse 2009. Estudo sobre o papel dos djinn na teologia isl\u00e2mica e no imagin\u00e1rio \u00e1rabe.<\/li>\n<li>Eliade, Mircea: Die Religionen und das Heilige. Otto M\u00fcller, Salzburg 1954. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global fenomenol\u00f3gico-religiosa do sagrado, edi\u00e7\u00e3o alem\u00e3 do Trait\u00e9 de Eliade.<\/li>\n<li>Fahd, Toufic: La divination arabe. Brill, Leiden 1966. Estudo abrangente sobre as pr\u00e1ticas de adivinha\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e1rabes, obra de refer\u00eancia dos estudos isl\u00e2micos.<\/li>\n<li>Faulkner, Raymond O.: The Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead. London 1972. Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o inglesa do Livro dos Mortos eg\u00edpcio, tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de refer\u00eancia amplamente utilizada.<\/li>\n<li>Frazer, James George: Der goldene Zweig. Das Geheimnis von Glauben und Sitten der V\u00f6lker. Rowohlt, Reinbek 1989. Estudo comparativo cl\u00e1ssico sobre magia e religi\u00e3o, influente para os primeiros estudos religiosos.<\/li>\n<li>Gieysztor, Aleksander: Mitologia S\u0142owian. Warszawa 1982. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global em polon\u00eas da mitologia eslava, obra de refer\u00eancia da eslav\u00edstica.<\/li>\n<li>Grayson, J. H.: Korea, A Religious History. Routledge, 2002. Hist\u00f3ria das religi\u00f5es da Coreia, dos prim\u00f3rdios xam\u00e2nicos \u00e0 atualidade, num \u00fanico volume.<\/li>\n<li>Hansen, Valerie: The Open Empire. A History of China to 1600. Norton, New York 2000. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global da hist\u00f3ria da China at\u00e9 1600, com \u00eanfase na religi\u00e3o e na cultura cotidiana.<\/li>\n<li>Heinrich Zimmer &#8220;Myths and Symbols in Indian Art and Civilization&#8221; (1946). Interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o de mitos e s\u00edmbolos indianos na arte e na cultura, obra muito lida da indologia.<\/li>\n<li>Helmut Rix: Etruscan Texts: Editio Minor (1991). Edi\u00e7\u00e3o cr\u00edtica da tradi\u00e7\u00e3o textual etrusca, corpus de refer\u00eancia da etruscologia.<\/li>\n<li>Hornung, Erik: Der Eine und die Vielen. \u00c4gyptische Gottesvorstellungen. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1971. Estudo fundamental sobre as concep\u00e7\u00f5es eg\u00edpcias de deus entre unidade e pluralidade.<\/li>\n<li>Hurbon, Laennec: Voodoo. Search for the Spirit. New York 1995. Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 hist\u00f3ria e \u00e0 pr\u00e1tica do Vodou haitiano com abundante material iconogr\u00e1fico.<\/li>\n<li>Ivanits, Linda: Russian Folk Belief. Armonk 1989. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o da cren\u00e7a popular russa com esp\u00edritos, dem\u00f4nios dom\u00e9sticos e pr\u00e1ticas religiosas populares.<\/li>\n<li>Jakobson, Roman: Slavic Mythology. In: Funk and Wagnall&#8217;s Standard Dictionary of Folklore. New York 1950. Panor\u00e2mica lexical concisa sobre a mitologia eslava numa perspectiva lingu\u00edstica.<\/li>\n<li>Jens Peter Schjodt &#8220;Initiation between Two Worlds&#8221; (2008). Estudo sobre padr\u00f5es de inicia\u00e7\u00e3o na religi\u00e3o n\u00f3rdica antiga e nas suas narrativas m\u00edticas.<\/li>\n<li>Jeremy Black, Anthony Green: Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia (1992). Obra de consulta ilustrada sobre deuses, dem\u00f4nios e s\u00edmbolos da Mesopot\u00e2mia, refer\u00eancia padr\u00e3o da assiriologia.<\/li>\n<li>Joan Dayan, &#8220;Haiti, History, and the Gods&#8221; (Berkeley 1995). Estudo de literatura e ci\u00eancias da cultura sobre o entrela\u00e7amento da hist\u00f3ria haitiana e do Vodou.<\/li>\n<li>Johnston, Sarah Iles: Restless Dead. Berkeley 1999. Estudo sobre as representa\u00e7\u00f5es dos mortos inquietos na Gr\u00e9cia antiga.<\/li>\n<li>Kanda, Christine Guth: Shinto in History. Ways of the Kami. Honolulu 2000. Volume coletivo sobre a hist\u00f3ria do Shinto e o desenvolvimento do conceito de Kami.<\/li>\n<li>Kang, Xiaofei: The Cult of the Fox. Power, Gender, and Popular Religion in Late Imperial and Modern China. Columbia University Press, New York 2006. Estudo sobre o culto chin\u00eas da raposa entre religi\u00e3o popular, g\u00eanero e poder.<\/li>\n<li>Karmay, Samten G.: The Arrow and the Spindle. Mandala Book Point, Kathmandu 1998. Colet\u00e2nea de ensaios sobre religi\u00e3o tibetana, tradi\u00e7\u00e3o Bon e ritual.<\/li>\n<li>Kim Tae-gon: Han&#8217;guk musok y\u014fn&#8217;gu. Jimmundang, Seoul 1981. Estudo fundamental coreano sobre o Musok, o xamanismo coreano.<\/li>\n<li>Klaus Klostermaier &#8220;A Survey of Hinduism&#8221; (3. Aufl. 2007). Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global abrangente do Hindu\u00edsmo em edi\u00e7\u00e3o atualizada, manual de estudo amplamente difundido.<\/li>\n<li>Klostermaier, Klaus K.: A Survey of Hinduism. State University of New York Press, Albany 1989. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global abrangente do Hindu\u00edsmo, manual de refer\u00eancia em ingl\u00eas na primeira edi\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li>Lambert, Wilfred G.: Babylonian Wisdom Literature. Oxford 1960. Edi\u00e7\u00e3o e tradu\u00e7\u00e3o da literatura sapiencial babil\u00f4nica, obra de refer\u00eancia da assiriologia.<\/li>\n<li>Lebling, Robert: Legends of the Fire Spirits. Jinn and Genies from Arabia to Zanzibar. I.B. Tauris, London 2010. Panor\u00e2mica hist\u00f3rico-cultural sobre as representa\u00e7\u00f5es dos djinn da Ar\u00e1bia \u00e0 \u00c1frica Oriental.<\/li>\n<li>Lecouteux, Claude: Geschichte der Gespenster und Wiederg\u00e4nger im Mittelalter. B\u00f6hlau, K\u00f6ln 1987. Estudo sobre fantasmas e revenants na Europa medieval numa perspectiva medieval\u00edstica.<\/li>\n<li>Leslie G. Desmangles, &#8220;The Faces of the Gods&#8221; (Chapel Hill 1992). Estudo sobre o sincretismo entre Vodou e catolicismo no Haiti.<\/li>\n<li>Lihui Yang, Deming An: Handbook of Chinese Mythology (2005). Manual da mitologia chinesa com panor\u00e2mica de fontes e sec\u00e7\u00e3o de l\u00e9xico.<\/li>\n<li>Lindow, John: Norse Mythology. A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2002. Manual de mitologia n\u00f3rdica com sec\u00e7\u00e3o de l\u00e9xico sobre deuses, her\u00f3is e rituais.<\/li>\n<li>Linrothe, Rob: Ruthless Compassion. Wrathful Deities in Early Indo-Tibetan Esoteric Buddhist Art. London 1999. Estudo de hist\u00f3ria da arte sobre divindades iradas na arte budista esot\u00e9rica indo-tibetana primitiva.<\/li>\n<li>Lopez, Donald S.: Religions of Tibet in Practice. Princeton 1997. Colet\u00e2nea de fontes sobre a religi\u00e3o vivida no Tibete com textos rituais e cotidianos traduzidos.<\/li>\n<li>Lurker, Manfred: Lexikon der G\u00f6tter und Symbole der alten \u00c4gypter. Scherz, Bern 1987. L\u00e9xico dos deuses e s\u00edmbolos eg\u00edpcios, obra de consulta pr\u00e1tica para iniciantes.<\/li>\n<li>Mac Cana, Proinsias: Celtic Mythology. Bedrick, New York 1985. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o panor\u00e2mica da mitologia c\u00e9ltica com material iconogr\u00e1fico, introdu\u00e7\u00e3o amplamente difundida.<\/li>\n<li>MacKillop, J.: Dictionary of Celtic Mythology. Oxford University Press, 2004. Obra de consulta sobre mitologia c\u00e9ltica em edi\u00e7\u00e3o Oxford atualizada.<\/li>\n<li>MacKillop, James: Dictionary of Celtic Mythology. Oxford 1998. Obra de consulta sobre figuras e temas da mitologia c\u00e9ltica, l\u00e9xico de refer\u00eancia da especialidade.<\/li>\n<li>Mary Beard, John North, Simon Price: Religions of Rome (1998). Hist\u00f3ria em dois volumes da religi\u00e3o romana com volume de fontes, obra de refer\u00eancia dos estudos cl\u00e1ssicos.<\/li>\n<li>Maya Deren, &#8220;Divine Horsemen&#8221; (New York 1953). Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o etnogr\u00e1fica do Vodou haitiano e dos seus deuses a partir da observa\u00e7\u00e3o participante.<\/li>\n<li>Ma\u0144czak, Witold: Slawische Mythologie. In: Encyclopedia of Religion 13, Macmillan 1987. Artigo lexical sobre mitologia eslava na Encyclopedia of Religion.<\/li>\n<li>McCarthy Brown, Karen: Mama Lola. A Vodou Priestess in Brooklyn. Berkeley 1991. Retrato etnogr\u00e1fico de uma sacerdotisa do Vodou no Brooklyn, estudo muito citado sobre religi\u00e3o na di\u00e1spora.<\/li>\n<li>Michaels, Axel: Der Hinduismus. Geschichte und Gegenwart. M\u00fcnchen 1998. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global do Hindu\u00edsmo em hist\u00f3ria e atualidade do ponto de vista dos estudos religiosos, obra de refer\u00eancia em l\u00edngua alem\u00e3.<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e9traux, Alfred: Le Vaudou ha\u00eftien. Paris 1958. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global etnogr\u00e1fica cl\u00e1ssica do Vodou haitiano.<\/li>\n<li>Nancy Thomson de Grummond: Etruscan Myth, Sacred History, and Legend (2006). Estudo sobre mito etrusco, hist\u00f3ria sagrada e lenda com base nas fontes iconogr\u00e1ficas.<\/li>\n<li>Nebesky-Wojkowitz, Ren\u00e9 de: Oracles and Demons of Tibet. Mouton, The Hague 1956. Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o abrangente das divindades protetoras e dos seres oraculares do Tibete, obra de refer\u00eancia da tibetologia.<\/li>\n<li>Nilsson, Martin P.: Geschichte der griechischen Religion. 1955. Hist\u00f3ria em v\u00e1rios volumes da religi\u00e3o grega, durante muito tempo a obra de refer\u00eancia da especialidade.<\/li>\n<li>Patera, Maria: Figures grecques de l&#8217;\u00e9pouvante. Leiden 2015. Estudo sobre figuras gregas do terror como Lamia, Mormo e Gello.<\/li>\n<li>Patrick Bellegarde-Smith e Claudine Michel (Hg.), &#8220;Haitian Vodou: Spirit, Myth, and Reality&#8221; (Bloomington 2006). Volume coletivo sobre esp\u00edritos, mito e pr\u00e1tica do Vodou haitiano.<\/li>\n<li>Pinch, Geraldine: Magic in Ancient Egypt. London 1994. Panor\u00e2mica sobre a magia no antigo Egito com base em textos e objetos.<\/li>\n<li>Quirke, Stephen: Ancient Egyptian Religion. London 1992. Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o compacta \u00e0 religi\u00e3o do antigo Egito para estudantes e leitores interessados.<\/li>\n<li>Ross, Anne: Pagan Celtic Britain. Studies in Iconography and Tradition. Routledge &#038; Kegan Paul, London 1967. Estudo sobre a religi\u00e3o pag\u00e3 na Bretanha c\u00e9ltica com base em iconografia e tradi\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/li>\n<li>Rudolf Simek &#8220;Lexikon der germanischen Mythologie&#8221; (3. Aufl. 2006). L\u00e9xico sobre figuras e conceitos da mitologia germ\u00e2nica, obra de consulta de refer\u00eancia em l\u00edngua alem\u00e3.<\/li>\n<li>Samuel, Geoffrey: Civilized Shamans. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington 1993. Estudo sobre a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre o budismo mon\u00e1stico e as correntes xam\u00e2nicas no Tibete.<\/li>\n<li>Schimmel, Annemarie: Mystische Dimensionen des Islam. Diederichs, K\u00f6ln 1985. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global da m\u00edstica isl\u00e2mica, obra de refer\u00eancia em l\u00edngua alem\u00e3 sobre o sufismo.<\/li>\n<li>Scholem, Gershom: Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism. Schocken, New York 1941. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global da m\u00edstica judaica da Merkabah ao Hassidismo, obra de refer\u00eancia da investiga\u00e7\u00e3o sobre a Cabala.<\/li>\n<li>Schumann, Hans Wolfgang: Mah\u0101y\u0101na-Buddhismus. Diederichs, D\u00fcsseldorf 1990. Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 doutrina e hist\u00f3ria do budismo Mahayana para leitores de l\u00edngua alem\u00e3.<\/li>\n<li>Simek, Rudolf: Lexikon der germanischen Mythologie. 3. Aufl. Kr\u00f6ner, Stuttgart 2006. L\u00e9xico sobre figuras e conceitos da mitologia germ\u00e2nica, obra de consulta de refer\u00eancia em l\u00edngua alem\u00e3.<\/li>\n<li>Sj\u00f8estedt, M. L.: Celtic Gods and Heroes. University of California Press, 1949. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o estruturalista do mundo divino e heroico celta, estudo cl\u00e1ssico da celtologia.<\/li>\n<li>Stefan Maul, &#8220;Die Wahrsagekunst im Alten Orient&#8221;, M\u00fcnchen 2013. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global da arte divinat\u00f3ria no Antigo Oriente, dos aug\u00farios \u00e0 examina\u00e7\u00e3o das v\u00edsceras.<\/li>\n<li>Stephanie Dalley, &#8220;Myths from Mesopotamia&#8221;, Oxford 1989. Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o inglesa dos principais mitos mesopot\u00e2micos, edi\u00e7\u00e3o de estudo amplamente difundida.<\/li>\n<li>Teiser, Stephen F.: The Ghost Festival in Medieval China. Princeton 1988. Estudo sobre o festival dos fantasmas na China medieval entre budismo e religi\u00e3o popular.<\/li>\n<li>Thorkild Jacobsen, &#8220;The Treasures of Darkness&#8221;, New Haven 1976. Hist\u00f3ria da religi\u00e3o mesopot\u00e2mica ao longo de imagens de deus em transforma\u00e7\u00e3o, interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o global muito citada.<\/li>\n<li>Trachtenberg, Joshua: Jewish Magic and Superstition. Behrman, New York 1939. Estudo sobre magia e cren\u00e7a popular no juda\u00edsmo asquenazi medieval, obra de refer\u00eancia cl\u00e1ssica.<\/li>\n<li>Tucci, Giuseppe: The Religions of Tibet. University of California Press, Berkeley 1980. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o global das religi\u00f5es tibetanas incluindo o Bon, obra cl\u00e1ssica da tibetologia.<\/li>\n<li>von Stietencron, Heinrich: Der Hinduismus. Beck, M\u00fcnchen 2001. Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o compacta ao Hindu\u00edsmo numa perspectiva de estudos religiosos.<\/li>\n<li>Walraven, B. C. M.: Shamanism and Syncretism in Korean Religion. Ashgate, 2001. Estudo sobre xamanismo e sincretismo na hist\u00f3ria religiosa coreana.<\/li>\n<li>Walraven, Boudewijn: Songs of the Shaman. Kegan Paul International, London 1994. Estudo sobre os cantos das xam\u00e3s coreanas com tradu\u00e7\u00f5es dos textos Muga.<\/li>\n<li>Walther Sallaberger, &#8220;Der kultische Kalender der Ur III-Zeit&#8221;, Berlin 1993. Estudo sobre o calend\u00e1rio cultual do per\u00edodo Ur III com base nos textos administrativos, estudo fundamental de assiriologia.<\/li>\n<li>Werner, E. T. C.: Myths and Legends of China. London 1922. Primeira colet\u00e2nea em ingl\u00eas de mitos e lendas chineses, obra de panor\u00e2mica popular.<\/li>\n<li>Wiggermann, Frans A. M.: Mesopotamian Protective Spirits. The Ritual Texts (Cuneiform Monographs 1). Styx, Groningen 1992. Edi\u00e7\u00e3o dos textos rituais sobre esp\u00edritos protetores mesopot\u00e2micos, obra de refer\u00eancia sobre a defesa demon\u00edaca babil\u00f4nica.<\/li>\n<li>Wilfred Lambert, &#8220;Babylonian Creation Myths&#8221;, Winona Lake 2013. Edi\u00e7\u00e3o e an\u00e1lise dos mitos de cria\u00e7\u00e3o babil\u00f4nicos, incluindo o Enuma Elish.<\/li>\n<li>Wilkinson, Richard H.: The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. London 2003. Manual ilustrado sobre os deuses e deusas do Egito, obra de consulta amplamente difundida.<\/li>\n<li>Williams, Paul: Mah\u0101y\u0101na Buddhism. The Doctrinal Foundations. Routledge, London 1989. Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o das bases doutrin\u00e1rias do budismo Mahayana, manual de estudo de refer\u00eancia em ingl\u00eas.<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Literatura, fontes de estudos religiosos A p\u00e1gina Literatura re\u00fane fontes de estudos religiosos para o l\u00e9xico. Literatura A bibliografia re\u00fane as obras centrais em que se apoiam os artigos do l\u00e9xico iWell Guard. A sele\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o \u00e9 exaustiva; uma bibliografia completa de hist\u00f3ria das religi\u00f5es ultrapassaria facilmente a extens\u00e3o do pr\u00f3prio site. S\u00e3o mencionadas as [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3416,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"literatura","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Literatura: iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"\u00cdndice bibliogr\u00e1fico do iWell Guard: obras de refer\u00eancia, edi\u00e7\u00f5es e coment\u00e1rios de estudos religiosos.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-39856","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Literatura: iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00cdndice bibliogr\u00e1fico do iWell Guard: 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