{"id":8023,"date":"2026-04-21T12:21:57","date_gmt":"2026-04-21T12:21:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/buddyzm\/"},"modified":"2026-06-21T13:36:07","modified_gmt":"2026-06-21T13:36:07","slug":"buddyzm","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/buddyzm\/","title":{"rendered":"Buddyzm"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"8023\" class=\"elementor elementor-8023 elementor-1200\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-hero-rebuilt-buddhi iwg-kultur-hero e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"k-hero-rebuilt-buddhi\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-khleft-buddhi iwg-kultur-hero-left e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"khleft-buddhi\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-h1-buddhismus elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"k-h1-buddhismus\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buddyjscy bogowie, Buddowie, Bodhisattwowie i stra\u017cnicy nauki<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-hero-lead-buddhi e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-hero-lead-buddhi\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-lead-buddhismus elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"k-lead-buddhismus\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Buddyjscy bogowie i istoty z tradycji buddyjskiej<\/strong> na iWell Guard. Tradycja buddyjska od V w. p.n.e. z trzema g\u0142\u00f3wnymi nurtami (Theravada, Mahayana, Vajrayana). Istoty przede wszystkim jako stra\u017cnicy nauki i demony kr\u0119gu egzystencji.<\/p><p>Do tych istot zaliczaj\u0105 si\u0119 przede wszystkim Buddowie, bodhisattwowie oraz stra\u017cnicy nauki.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-hero-toc-buddhi e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-hero-toc-buddhi\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-toc-buddhismus elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"k-toc-buddhismus\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Zawarto\u015b\u0107 tej strony:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><a href=\"#k-buddhismus-h1\">Klasyfikacja<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#x-buddhismus-h100\">Historia i panteon<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#x-buddhismus-h101\">Istoty w \u017cyciu codziennym<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#x-buddhismus-h102\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czesne znaczenie<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#k-buddhismus-h2\">Bogowie (7)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#k-buddhismus-h3\">Demony (1)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#k-buddhismus-h4\">Duchy (3)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#ca0e541\">Pog\u0142\u0119bienie<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-khrght-buddhi iwg-kultur-hero-right e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"khrght-buddhi\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-img-buddhismus iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"k-img-buddhismus\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_mara-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-8024\" alt=\"Mara - Bogowie z tradycji buddyjskiej, historyczno-ilustracyjnie\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_mara-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_mara-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_mara-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_mara.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-clstrsec-aj12-buddhism e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"clstrsec-aj12-buddhism\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-clstrh2-aj12-buddhi elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"clstrh2-aj12-buddhi\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sutry, Buddowie i bogowie wsp\u00f3\u0142czucia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj12-cluster-text-buddhism e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj12-cluster-text-buddhism\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj12-cluster-text-buddhi-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"aj12-cluster-text-buddhi-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buddyzm powsta\u0142 jako <strong>nieteistyczna nauka wyzwolenia<\/strong>, historyczny Budda sam nie g\u0142osi\u0142 \u017cadnego boga stw\u00f3rcy. Jednak w ci\u0105gu 2 500 lat od jego nauki rozwin\u0119\u0142y si\u0119 r\u00f3\u017cnorodne systemy kosmologiczne: tybeta\u0144ski Vajrayana z setkami aspekt\u00f3w Buddy, wschodnioazjatycki Mahayana z niebia\u0144skimi Bodhisattwami, po\u0142udniowoazjatycki Theravada z lokalnymi duchami opieku\u0144czymi.<\/p>\n<p>W centrum stoi <strong>nauka o Bodhisattwach<\/strong>: o\u015bwiecone istoty, kt\u00f3re odk\u0142adaj\u0105 swoje wej\u015bcie do Nirwany, aby pom\u00f3c wszystkim czuj\u0105cym istotom w wyzwoleniu. Avalokiteshvara, Tara, Manjushri, Kshitigarbha nie s\u0105 bogami w sensie teistycznym, lecz uciele\u015bnieniami pe\u0142nej wsp\u00f3\u0142czucia energii o\u015bwiecenia. Mo\u017cna si\u0119 do nich zwraca\u0107, kontemplowa\u0107 ich i czci\u0107 rytualnie.<\/p>\n<p>Buddyzm zna r\u00f3wnie\u017c istoty demoniczne: Prety, stra\u017cnik\u00f3w Naraki, g\u0142odne duchy, Asury. Nie s\u0105 one jednak 'z\u0142e&#8217; w sensie chrze\u015bcija\u0144skim, lecz s\u0105 to istoty, kt\u00f3re przez swoje czyny trafi\u0142y w niekorzystne odrodzenie.<\/p><p>Wyzwolenie dotyczy ich w r\u00f3wnym stopniu co ludzi \u2013 ta konceptualna otwarto\u015b\u0107 sprawia, \u017ce system jest szczeg\u00f3lnie interesuj\u0105cy dla bada\u0144 por\u00f3wnawczych religii.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-buddhismus-s1 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"k-buddhismus-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-buddhismus-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"k-buddhismus-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Klasyfikacja<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0003 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0003\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-buddhismus-t1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"k-buddhismus-t1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Okres:<\/strong> Od V wieku p.n.e. (Budda Siakjamuni), trzy fale: Theravada, Mahayana, Vajrayana.<\/p><p>Zasi\u0119g: Indie, Sri Lanka, Azja Po\u0142udniowo-Wschodnia, Azja Wschodnia, Tybet, Mongolia, w XX wieku zasi\u0119g globalny.<\/p><p>\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a: Pali-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uznany za obowi\u0105zuj\u0105cy zbi\u00f3r \u015bwi\u0119tych pism danej religii.\" tabindex=\"0\">Kanon<\/span> (Tipitaka), sutry Mahayany (Sutra Lotosu, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"W hinduizmie i buddyzmie tekst nauki w zwi\u0119z\u0142ej formie.\" tabindex=\"0\">Sutra<\/span>Serca, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"W hinduizmie i buddyzmie tekst nauki w zwi\u0119z\u0142ej formie.\" tabindex=\"0\">Sutra<\/span>), tantry Vajrayany, Bardo Thodol.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 bog\u00f3w danej religii lub kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">Panteon<\/span> i klasy istot: Buddowie, Bodhisattwowie, stra\u017cnicy Naraki-demony, G\u0142odne Duchy (Preta), b\u00f3stwa opieku\u0144cze (Dharmapala).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-buddhismus-s100 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x-buddhismus-s100\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-buddhismus-h100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"x-buddhismus-h100\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Historia i panteon<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0004 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0004\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-buddhismus-t100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x-buddhismus-t100\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buddyzm powsta\u0142 w V wieku p.n.e. i rozwin\u0105\u0142 si\u0119 w trzech g\u0142\u00f3wnych nurtach: Theravada (buddyzm po\u0142udniowy), Mahayana (buddyzm p\u00f3\u0142nocny) i Vajrayana (buddyzm tybeta\u0144ski). Podstawowa nauka historycznego Buddy Siddharthy Gautamy opiera si\u0119 na Czterech Szlachetnych Prawdach i \u015bcie\u017cce wyzwolenia od cierpienia.<\/p><p>Struktura kosmologiczna obejmuje sze\u015b\u0107 lub jedena\u015bcie sfer egzystencji, od bog\u00f3w a\u017c po istoty piekielne; kr\u0105g egzystencji (Samsara) podtrzymuje Karma. W Mahayanie <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 bog\u00f3w danej religii lub kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteon<\/span> znacznie si\u0119 rozszerzy\u0142: Bodhisattwowie tacy jak Avalokiteshvara (wsp\u00f3\u0142czucie) i Manjushri (m\u0105dro\u015b\u0107) s\u0105 czczeni jako kosmiczne istoty.<\/p><p>W Vajrayanie b\u00f3stwa opieku\u0144cze maj\u0105 cz\u0119sto gro\u017ane oblicze, symbolizuj\u0105c przezwyci\u0119\u017cenie przeszk\u00f3d. Wszystkie trzy tradycje nie s\u0105 dogmatyczne, lecz zdecentralizowane i bardzo zr\u00f3\u017cnicowane regionalnie.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-buddhismus-s101 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x-buddhismus-s101\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-buddhismus-h101 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"x-buddhismus-h101\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Istoty w \u017cyciu codziennym<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0005 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0005\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-buddhismus-t101 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x-buddhismus-t101\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Praktyka buddyjska przenika codzienne \u017cycie wsp\u00f3lnot: poranna medytacja, ofiary w \u015bwi\u0105tyniach i przy domowych o\u0142tarzach, przestrzeganie regu\u0142 klasztornych. Rytua\u0142y ochronne przed szkodliwymi istotami i wp\u0142ywami s\u0105 zakorzenione w tradycji Theravady; rytua\u0142y zakl\u0119\u0107 ochronnych (Paritta) nale\u017c\u0105 do codziennej praktyki duchowej.<\/p><p>\u015awi\u0119ta takie jak Vesak (urodziny Buddy) i Losar (tybeta\u0144ski Nowy Rok) \u0142\u0105cz\u0105 si\u0119 z rytua\u0142ami s\u0142u\u017c\u0105cymi dobrobytu i ochronie. Kult Bodhisattw\u00f3w i lokalnych b\u00f3stw opieku\u0144czych jest powszechny r\u00f3wnie\u017c w przestrzeni prywatnej.<\/p><p>Elementy szamanistyczne i spirytystyczne po\u0142\u0105czy\u0142y si\u0119 z buddyzmem w wielu kulturach Wschodu, zw\u0142aszcza w Tybecie i Azji Po\u0142udniowo-Wschodniej.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-buddhismus-s102 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x-buddhismus-s102\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-buddhismus-h102 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"x-buddhismus-h102\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czesne znaczenie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0006 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0006\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-buddhismus-t102 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x-buddhismus-t102\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buddyzm jest \u017cyw\u0105 religi\u0105 \u015bwiatow\u0105 z oko\u0142o 500 milionami wyznawc\u00f3w w Azji i rosn\u0105c\u0105 liczb\u0105 na Zachodzie. Zachowuje swoje tradycje teologiczne i kosmologiczne, jednocze\u015bnie dostosowuj\u0105c je do wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnych kontekst\u00f3w. Zachodnia recepcja koncentruje si\u0119 cz\u0119sto na medytacji i uwa\u017cno\u015bci, pomijaj\u0105c pe\u0142ny system mitologiczny i rytualny.<\/p><p>W uj\u0119ciu akademickim buddyjska <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Wyobra\u017cenie o budowie i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata w obr\u0119bie danej kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">kosmologia<\/span> pozostaje \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142em por\u00f3wna\u0144 ze wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnymi modelami fizycznymi. W Tybecie i regionach Himalaj\u00f3w tradycje ustne i praktyki tantryczne przetrwa\u0142y w warunkach diaspory.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-buddhismus-s2 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"k-buddhismus-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-buddhismus-h2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"k-buddhismus-h2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bogowie (13)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0007 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0007\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-buddhismus-t2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"k-buddhismus-t2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-wesen-grid\"><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/avalokiteshvara\/\" aria-label=\"Avalokiteshvara \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_avalokiteshvara-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Avalokiteshvara \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Avalokiteshvara<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/manjushri\/\" aria-label=\"Manjushri \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_manjushri-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Manjushri \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Manjushri<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/mara\/\" aria-label=\"Mara \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_mara-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Mara \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Mara<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/samantabhadra\/\" aria-label=\"Samantabhadra \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_samantabhadra-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Samantabhadra \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Samantabhadra<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/vajrapani\/\" aria-label=\"Vajrapani \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_vajrapani-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Vajrapani \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Vajrapani<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/yama-buddhismus\/\" aria-label=\"Yama (s\u0119dzia zmar\u0142ych) \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_buddhismus_yama-totenrichter-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Yama (s\u0119dzia zmar\u0142ych) \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Yama (s\u0119dzia zmar\u0142ych)<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/amitabha\/\" aria-label=\"Amitabha \u2013 Budda Czystej Krainy\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/lichtwesen_buddhismus_amitabha-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Amitabha \u2013 Budda Czystej Krainy\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Amitabha \u2013 Budda Czystej Krainy<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/buddha-gautama\/\" aria-label=\"Buddha (Gautama) \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_buddha-gautama-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Buddha (Gautama) \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Buddha (Gautama)<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/tara\/\" aria-label=\"Tara \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_tara-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Tara \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Tara<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/maitreya\/\" aria-label=\"Maitreya \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_maitreya-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Maitreya \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Maitreya<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/ksitigarbha\/\" aria-label=\"Ksitigarbha \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_ksitigarbha-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Ksitigarbha \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Ksitigarbha<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/padmasambhava\/\" aria-label=\"Padmasambhava \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_padmasambhava-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Padmasambhava \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Padmasambhava<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/milarepa\/\" aria-label=\"Milarepa \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_milarepa-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Milarepa \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Milarepa<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-buddhismus-s3 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"k-buddhismus-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-buddhismus-h3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"k-buddhismus-h3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Demony (1)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0008 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0008\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-buddhismus-t3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"k-buddhismus-t3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-wesen-grid\"><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/straznicy-naraki\/\" aria-label=\"Stra\u017cnicy Naraki \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_buddhismus_naraka-waechter-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Stra\u017cnicy Naraki \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Stra\u017cnicy Naraki<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-buddhismus-s4 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"k-buddhismus-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-buddhismus-h4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"k-buddhismus-h4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Duchy (3)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0009 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0009\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-k-buddhismus-t4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"k-buddhismus-t4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-wesen-grid\"><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/dakini\/\" aria-label=\"Dakini \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_dakini-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Dakini \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Dakini<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/preta\/\" aria-label=\"Preta \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_preta-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Preta \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Preta<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><a class=\"iwg-wesen-card\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/yamaduta\/\" aria-label=\"Yamad\u016bta \u2013 Buddyzm\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-imgwrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_buddhismus_yamaduta-200x300.webp\" alt=\"Yamad\u016bta \u2013 Buddyzm\" loading=\"lazy\"><\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-body\"><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-name\">Yamad\u016bta<\/div><div class=\"iwg-wesen-card-arrow\">\u2192 Do profilu istoty<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-buddhismus-s-faq e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"x-buddhismus-s-faq\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-buddhismus-h-faq elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"x-buddhismus-h-faq\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania o buddyjskich bog\u00f3w i Budd\u00f3w<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-0006 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-0006\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x-buddhismus-t-faq elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x-buddhismus-t-faq\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Ilu bog\u00f3w jest w buddyzmie?<\/h3>\n<p>\u015aci\u015ble rzecz bior\u0105c, buddyzm nie zna bog\u00f3w w sensie monoteistycznym; Budda nie g\u0142osi\u0142 \u017cadnego boga stw\u00f3rcy. Tradycje obejmuj\u0105 jednak setki godnych czci postaci: 5 Budd\u00f3w Dhyani (transcendentnych Budd\u00f3w), 8 wielkich Bodhisattw\u00f3w, 21 aspekt\u00f3w Tary, 5 Dharmapali (stra\u017cnik\u00f3w nauki) oraz niezliczone lokalne duchy opieku\u0144cze.<\/p><p>Tybeta\u0144ski panteon Vajrayany <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 bog\u00f3w danej religii lub kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteonu<\/span> liczy z b\u00f3stwami Yidam i Dakiniami oko\u0142o 1 000 g\u0142\u00f3wnych postaci, wszystkich rozumianych jako przejawy Buddhahood.<\/p>\n<h3>Kto jest najwa\u017cniejszym Budd\u0105?<\/h3>\n<p>Siddhartha Gautama (ok. 563\u2013483 p.n.e.) jest historycznym Budd\u0105 i za\u0142o\u017cycielem nauki, kt\u00f3r\u0105 pod\u0105\u017caj\u0105 wszystkie szko\u0142y. W Mahayanie i Vajrayanie dochodz\u0105 transcendentni Buddowie: 5 Budd\u00f3w Dhyani (Vairocana w centrum, Akshobhya na wschodzie, Ratnasambhava na po\u0142udniu, Amitabha na zachodzie, Amoghasiddhi na p\u00f3\u0142nocy).<\/p><p>Amitabha jest centraln\u0105 postaci\u0105 wschodnioazjatyckiego buddyzmu Czystej Krainy, Vairocana w Japonii (Daibutsu z Nary, 752 n.e.).<\/p>\n<h3>Czym s\u0105 Bodhisattwowie?<\/h3>\n<p>Bodhisattwowie to o\u015bwiecone istoty, kt\u00f3re dobrowolnie rezygnuj\u0105 z ostatecznej Nirwany, aby pom\u00f3c wszystkim innym istotom w osi\u0105gni\u0119ciu wyzwolenia. O\u015bmiu wielkich to Avalokiteshvara (wsp\u00f3\u0142czucie), Manjushri (m\u0105dro\u015b\u0107), Vajrapani (si\u0142a), Ksitigarbha (wybawiciel z piek\u0142a), Samantabhadra (zaanga\u017cowanie), Maitreya (przysz\u0142y Budda), Akashagarbha (skarb nieba) i Sarvanivarana-Vishkambhin (usuwaj\u0105cy przeszkody).<\/p><p>W Mahayanie stawanie si\u0119 Bodhisattw\u0105 jest w\u0142a\u015bciwym celem, wy\u017cszym ni\u017c d\u0105\u017cenie do indywidualnego o\u015bwiecenia (Arhat).<\/p>\n<h3>Co odr\u00f3\u017cnia Theravad\u0119, Mahayan\u0119 i Vajrayan\u0119?<\/h3>\n<p>Theravada (Azja Po\u0142udniowa i Po\u0142udniowo-Wschodnia) jest najstarsz\u0105 szko\u0142\u0105; jej celem jest indywidualne o\u015bwiecenie jako Arhat poprzez surow\u0105 medytacj\u0119 i nauk\u0119 Kanonu Pali. Mahayana (Azja Wschodnia) k\u0142adzie nacisk na idea\u0142 Bodhisattwy, czyli o\u015bwiecenie dla wszystkich istot.<\/p><p>Vajrayana (Tybet, Bhutan, Mongolia) to tantryczna Mahayana z w\u0142asnymi praktykami wizualizacji i <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u015awi\u0119ta sylaba lub formu\u0142a powtarzana w hinduizmie i buddyzmie.\" tabindex=\"0\">mantry<\/span> (Yidam, Dakini, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Okr\u0105g\u0142y diagram wyobra\u017caj\u0105cy kosmos w hinduizmie i buddyzmie.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mandala<\/span>). Tu o\u015bwiecenie mo\u017cna osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 w jednym \u017cyciu, a Milarepa uchodzi za jego prototyp.<\/p>\n<h3>Czym s\u0105 Dharmapale?<\/h3>\n<p>Dharmapale to stra\u017cnicy buddyjskiej nauki. Maj\u0105 cz\u0119sto gro\u017ane oblicze (Mahakala z zakrwawionym pyskiem, Yamantaka z g\u0142ow\u0105 bawo\u0142u), lecz \u017cyczliwe intencje: chroni\u0105 praktykuj\u0105cych przed przeszkodami i odp\u0119dzaj\u0105 negatywne energie.<\/p><p>O\u015bmiu wielkich Dharmapali Tybetu to Mahakala, Yamantaka, Yama, Hayagriva, Vaishravana, Palden Lhamo (jedyna kobieta), Tsangpa Karpo i Damchen Dorje Legpa. W Chinach i Japonii maj\u0105 \u0142agodniejsze formy; japo\u0144skie stra\u017cniki \u015bwi\u0105tynne Ni\u014d s\u0105 ich odpowiednikami.<\/p>\n<h3>Czym jest Tybeta\u0144ska Ksi\u0119ga Umar\u0142ych?<\/h3>\n<p>Tybeta\u0144ska Ksi\u0119ga Umar\u0142ych (Bardo Th\u00f6dol, 'Wyzwolenie przez s\u0142yszenie w stanie po\u015brednim&#8217;) jest tekstem Vajrayany opisuj\u0105cym fazy mi\u0119dzy \u015bmierci\u0105 a odrodzeniem (Bardo). Zgodnie z tradycj\u0105 jest ona odczytywana umieraj\u0105cym i zmar\u0142ym, aby ich dusza rozpozna\u0142a w\u0142a\u015bciwych Budd\u00f3w i istoty \u015bwiat\u0142a oraz znalaz\u0142a pomy\u015blny los.<\/p><p>Przypisuje si\u0119 j\u0105 Padmasambhavie, odkrytej ponownie w XIV wieku przez Karma Lingp\u0119. C. G. Jung napisa\u0142 przedmow\u0119 do pierwszego angielskiego przek\u0142adu (1927); tekst wywar\u0142 g\u0142\u0119boki wp\u0142yw na zachodni\u0105 recepcj\u0119 buddyzmu.<\/p>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Ilu bog\u00f3w jest w buddyzmie?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"\u015aci\u015ble rzecz bior\u0105c, buddyzm nie zna bog\u00f3w w sensie monoteistycznym; Budda nie g\u0142osi\u0142 \u017cadnego boga stw\u00f3rcy. Tradycje obejmuj\u0105 jednak setki godnych czci postaci: 5 Budd\u00f3w Dhyani (transcendentnych Budd\u00f3w), 8 wielkich Bodhisattw\u00f3w, 21 aspekt\u00f3w Tary, 5 Dharmapali (stra\u017cnik\u00f3w nauki) oraz niezliczone lokalne duchy opieku\u0144cze. Tybeta\u0144ski panteon Vajrayany liczy z b\u00f3stwami Yidam i Dakiniami oko\u0142o 1 000 g\u0142\u00f3wnych postaci, wszystkich rozumianych jako przejawy Buddhahood.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Kto jest najwa\u017cniejszym Budd\u0105?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Siddhartha Gautama (ok. 563\u2013483 p.n.e.) jest historycznym Budd\u0105 i za\u0142o\u017cycielem nauki, kt\u00f3r\u0105 pod\u0105\u017caj\u0105 wszystkie szko\u0142y. W Mahayanie i Vajrayanie dochodz\u0105 transcendentni Buddowie: 5 Budd\u00f3w Dhyani (Vairocana w centrum, Akshobhya na wschodzie, Ratnasambhava na po\u0142udniu, Amitabha na zachodzie, Amoghasiddhi na p\u00f3\u0142nocy). Amitabha jest centraln\u0105 postaci\u0105 wschodnioazjatyckiego buddyzmu Czystej Krainy, Vairocana w Japonii (Daibutsu z Nary, 752 n.e.).\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Czym s\u0105 Bodhisattwowie?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Bodhisattwowie to o\u015bwiecone istoty, kt\u00f3re dobrowolnie rezygnuj\u0105 z ostatecznej Nirwany, aby pom\u00f3c wszystkim innym istotom w osi\u0105gni\u0119ciu wyzwolenia. O\u015bmiu wielkich to Avalokiteshvara (wsp\u00f3\u0142czucie), Manjushri (m\u0105dro\u015b\u0107), Vajrapani (si\u0142a), Ksitigarbha (wybawiciel z piek\u0142a), Samantabhadra (zaanga\u017cowanie), Maitreya (przysz\u0142y Budda), Akashagarbha (skarb nieba) i Sarvanivarana-Vishkambhin (usuwaj\u0105cy przeszkody). W Mahayanie stawanie si\u0119 Bodhisattw\u0105 jest w\u0142a\u015bciwym celem, wy\u017cszym ni\u017c d\u0105\u017cenie do indywidualnego o\u015bwiecenia (Arhat).\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Co odr\u00f3\u017cnia Theravad\u0119, Mahayan\u0119 i Vajrayan\u0119?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Theravada (Azja Po\u0142udniowa i Po\u0142udniowo-Wschodnia) jest najstarsz\u0105 szko\u0142\u0105; jej celem jest indywidualne o\u015bwiecenie jako Arhat poprzez surow\u0105 medytacj\u0119 i nauk\u0119 Kanonu Pali. Mahayana (Azja Wschodnia) k\u0142adzie nacisk na idea\u0142 Bodhisattwy, czyli o\u015bwiecenie dla wszystkich istot. Vajrayana (Tybet, Bhutan, Mongolia) to tantryczna Mahayana z w\u0142asnymi praktykami wizualizacji i mantry (Yidam, Dakini, Mandala). Tu o\u015bwiecenie mo\u017cna osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 w jednym \u017cyciu, a Milarepa uchodzi za jego prototyp.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Czym s\u0105 Dharmapale?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Dharmapale to stra\u017cnicy buddyjskiej nauki. Maj\u0105 cz\u0119sto gro\u017ane oblicze (Mahakala z zakrwawionym pyskiem, Yamantaka z g\u0142ow\u0105 bawo\u0142u), lecz \u017cyczliwe intencje: chroni\u0105 praktykuj\u0105cych przed przeszkodami i odp\u0119dzaj\u0105 negatywne energie. O\u015bmiu wielkich Dharmapali Tybetu to Mahakala, Yamantaka, Yama, Hayagriva, Vaishravana, Palden Lhamo (jedyna kobieta), Tsangpa Karpo i Damchen Dorje Legpa. W Chinach i Japonii maj\u0105 \u0142agodniejsze formy; japo\u0144skie stra\u017cniki \u015bwi\u0105tynne Ni\u014d s\u0105 ich odpowiednikami.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Czym jest Tybeta\u0144ska Ksi\u0119ga Umar\u0142ych?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Tybeta\u0144ska Ksi\u0119ga Umar\u0142ych (Bardo Th\u00f6dol, 'Wyzwolenie przez s\u0142yszenie w stanie po\u015brednim') jest tekstem Vajrayany opisuj\u0105cym fazy mi\u0119dzy \u015bmierci\u0105 a odrodzeniem (Bardo). Zgodnie z tradycj\u0105 jest ona odczytywana umieraj\u0105cym i zmar\u0142ym, aby ich dusza rozpozna\u0142a w\u0142a\u015bciwych Budd\u00f3w i istoty \u015bwiat\u0142a oraz znalaz\u0142a pomy\u015blny los. Przypisuje si\u0119 j\u0105 Padmasambhavie, odkrytej ponownie w XIV wieku przez Karma Lingp\u0119. C. G. Jung napisa\u0142 przedmow\u0119 do pierwszego angielskiego przek\u0142adu (1927); tekst wywar\u0142 g\u0142\u0119boki wp\u0142yw na zachodni\u0105 recepcj\u0119 buddyzmu.\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-318f442 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"318f442\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca0e541 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ca0e541\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pog\u0142\u0119bienie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8089989 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8089989\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Budda i pierwsze szko\u0142y<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aj11-inner-000a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aj11-inner-000a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef2c83e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ef2c83e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Historyczny Budda Siddhartha Gautama (VI\u2013V wiek p.n.e.) g\u0142osi\u0142 Cztery Szlachetne Prawdy i O\u015bmiorak\u0105 \u015acie\u017ck\u0119.<\/p><p>Po jego Parinirvanie rozwin\u0119\u0142y si\u0119 r\u00f3\u017cne szko\u0142y: Theravada (dzi\u015b Sri Lanka, Birma, Tajlandia) zachowuje Pali-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uznany za obowi\u0105zuj\u0105cy zbi\u00f3r \u015bwi\u0119tych pism danej religii.\" tabindex=\"0\">Kanon<\/span>, Mahayana (Azja Wschodnia) rozwin\u0119\u0142a idea\u0142 Bodhisattwy, Vajrayana (Tybet) integruje praktyk\u0119 tantryczn\u0105 i z\u0142o\u017cony system gniewnych i spokojnych Budd\u00f3w.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f21d5de elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f21d5de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bodhisattwowie i pola Buddy<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bw-13166c6-3e57afe e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bw-13166c6-3e57afe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13166c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"13166c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>W Mahayanie rozszerza si\u0119 grono postaci. Bodhisattwowie \u2013 o\u015bwiecone istoty, kt\u00f3re odk\u0142adaj\u0105 w\u0142asne spe\u0142nienie, aby pomaga\u0107 innym \u2013 staj\u0105 si\u0119 centralnymi obiektami kultu.<\/p><p>Avalokiteshvara (wsp\u00f3\u0142czucie, w Azji Wschodniej reinterpretowany jako posta\u0107 \u017ce\u0144ska Guanyin\/Kannon), Manjushri (m\u0105dro\u015b\u0107), Maitreya (przysz\u0142y Budda) i Ksitigarbha kszta\u0142tuj\u0105 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Religijno\u015b\u0107 prze\u017cywana w \u017cyciu codziennym, cz\u0119sto obok oficjalnej nauki.\" tabindex=\"0\">pobo\u017cno\u015b\u0107 ludow\u0105<\/span>. Pola Buddy to czyste \u015bwiaty, w kt\u00f3rych praktykuj\u0105cy mo\u017ce si\u0119 odrodzi\u0107.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e6352f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4e6352f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vajrayana i praktyka tantryczna<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bw-0d1389c-ee5d4e4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bw-0d1389c-ee5d4e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d1389c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0d1389c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buddyzm tybeta\u0144ski integruje przedbuddyjskie elementy B\u00f6n i indyjsk\u0105 tradycj\u0119 tantryczn\u0105. Wrathful Deities (Mahakala, Yamantaka, Palden Lhamo) maj\u0105 przera\u017caj\u0105cy wygl\u0105d \u2013 uciele\u015bniaj\u0105 pot\u0119\u017cny aspekt o\u015bwieconej energii. Pi\u0119\u0107 rodzin Buddy strukturyzuje system <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Okr\u0105g\u0142y diagram wyobra\u017caj\u0105cy kosmos w hinduizmie i buddyzmie.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mandali<\/span>. Praktyka tantryczna wymaga formalnego wtajemniczenia przez wykwalifikowanego nauczyciela.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7c86b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b7c86b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Buddyzm na Zachodzie<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bw-228c018-a62b11f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bw-228c018-a62b11f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-228c018 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"228c018\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Zach\u00f3d zetkn\u0105\u0142 si\u0119 z buddyzmem systematycznie dopiero w XIX wieku. Druga fala po II wojnie \u015bwiatowej przynios\u0142a Zen (D. T. Suzuki) i buddyzm tybeta\u0144ski (po 1959 roku).<\/p><p>Trzecia fala od lat 70. XX wieku to ruch Vipassany i uwa\u017cno\u015bci, kt\u00f3ry opracowa\u0142 buddyjsk\u0105 praktyk\u0119 medytacyjn\u0105 w formie \u015bwieckiej. Z tego wy\u0142oni\u0142a si\u0119 odr\u0119bna zachodnia, \u015bwiecka forma buddyzmu.<\/p><h3>Stan bada\u0144<\/h3><p>Badania nad religi\u0105 buddyjsk\u0105 s\u0105 zr\u00f3\u017cnicowane wed\u0142ug trzech tradycji: Theravada (badania nad Pali-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uznany za obowi\u0105zuj\u0105cy zbi\u00f3r \u015bwi\u0119tych pism danej religii.\" tabindex=\"0\">Kanonem<\/span>), Mahayana (przede wszystkim tradycja chi\u0144ska i japo\u0144ska) i Vajrayana (tradycja tybeta\u0144ska).<\/p><p>Standardowe dzie\u0142a to Edward Conze (<em>Buddhism. Its Essence and Development<\/em>, 1951), Heinrich Dumoulin (<em>Geschichte des Zen-Buddhismus<\/em>, 1985\u20131990) i Robert Buswell \/ Donald Lopez (<em>The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism<\/em>, 2014).<\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcc-buddhism-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcc-buddhism-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-cc-buddhismus\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcc-buddhism-inner e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgcc-buddhism-inner\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcc-buddhism-h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgcc-buddhism-h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Przedmioty ochronne w tej tradycji kulturowej<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcc-buddhism-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcc-buddhism-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Buddyjskie amulety obejmuj\u0105 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u015awi\u0119ta sylaba lub formu\u0142a powtarzana w hinduizmie i buddyzmie.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mantra<\/span>-Mala, kadzid\u0142a, po\u015bwi\u0119cone teksty noszone jako zawieszki oraz ma\u0142e figurki Buddy lub Bodhisattw\u00f3w.<\/p><div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>iWell Guard wpisuje si\u0119 w t\u0119 kulturowo-historyczn\u0105 lini\u0119 przeno\u015bnych przedmiot\u00f3w ochronnych \u2013 w nowoczesnej architekturze materia\u0142owej, wytwarzanej w Niemczech. 41 warstw, z\u0142oto, platyna, srebro. 30-dniowe prawo zwrotu.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcc-buddhism-b iwg-cc-button iwg-cc-cta-2026-05-13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-jet-button\" data-id=\"iwgcc-buddhism-b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"jet-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-jet-button jet-elements\"><div class=\"jet-button__container\"><a class=\"jet-button__instance jet-button__instance--icon-left hover-effect-1\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/o-iwell-guard-szczegoly-dotyczace-wisiorka-ochronnego\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&amp;utm_medium=info-box&amp;utm_campaign=kultur-tradition\"><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-normal\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__plane jet-button__plane-hover\"><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-normal\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">Wi\u0119cej o iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><div class=\"jet-button__state jet-button__state-hover\"><span class=\"jet-button__label\">Wi\u0119cej o iWell Guard<\/span><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><style>.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcc-buddhism-b .jet-button__instance{width:320px;height:56px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcc-buddhism-b .jet-button__state-normal .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#1a1b20;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcc-buddhism-b .jet-button__state-hover .jet-button__label{text-align:center;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;color:#FECC76;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:4px;line-height:1.714em;text-transform:uppercase;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcc-buddhism-b .jet-button__plane-normal{background-color:#FECC76;border-style:solid;border-color:#C99540;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}.elementor-element.elementor-element-iwgcc-buddhism-b .jet-button__plane-hover{background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.55);border-style:solid;border-color:#FECC76;border-width:2px 2px 2px 2px;}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgcc-buddhism-d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgcc-buddhism-d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p style=\"text-align:center;font-size:13px;opacity:0.7;margin-top:14px\">Indywidualne do\u015bwiadczenia mog\u0105 si\u0119 r\u00f3\u017cni\u0107. Nie jest to wyr\u00f3b medyczny. Brak obietnic leczniczych.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-buddhismus e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-buddhismus\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-buddhismus-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-buddhismus-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Buddyjska <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 przekazanych opowie\u015bci o bogach danej kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span> porz\u0105dkuje bog\u00f3w, Asury, Prety i istoty piekielne w kole sze\u015bciu sfer egzystencji, opisuj\u0105c jednocze\u015bnie Bodhisattw\u00f3w i Dharmapale, kt\u00f3rzy towarzysz\u0105 praktykuj\u0105cemu na drodze do wyzwolenia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgssrev-buddhismus e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgssrev-buddhismus\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgssrev-buddhismus-h elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"iwgssrev-buddhismus-h\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Symbole ochronne z buddyzmu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgssrev-buddhismus-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgssrev-buddhismus-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Leksykon symboli ochronnych omawia na osobnych stronach kilka znak\u00f3w i przedmiot\u00f3w z tradycji buddyjskiej: <a href=\"\/pl\/ashtamangala\/\">Ashtamangala<\/a>, <a href=\"\/pl\/dharmachakra\/\">Dharmachakra<\/a>, <a href=\"\/pl\/wieczny-wezel-buddyjski-symbol-pomyslnosci\/\">Endloser Knoten<\/a> i <a href=\"\/pl\/mala\/\">Mala<\/a>. Przekrojowy przegl\u0105d kulturowy oferuje strona po\u015bwi\u0119cona <a href=\"\/pl\/symbole-ochronne\/\">symbolom ochronnym<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Buddhistische G\u00f6tter, Buddhas, Bodhisattvas und Schutzherren Wesen aus der Buddhismus-Tradition auf iWell Guard. Buddhistische Tradition seit dem 5. Jh. v. Chr. mit drei Hauptstr\u00f6mungen (Theravada, Mahayana, Vajrayana). Wesen vor allem als Sch\u00fctzer der Lehre und Daimons des Daseinskreislaufs. Inhalt dieser Seite: Einordnung Geschichte und Pantheon Wesen im Alltag Heutige Bedeutung G\u00f6tter (7) D\u00e4monen (1) Geister [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8024,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"buddyjskie b\u00f3stwa","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Buddyjscy bogowie, Buddowie, bodhisattwowie i stra\u017cnicy","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Panteon buddyzmu: Buddha, pi\u0119\u0107 Dhyani-Buddh\u00f3w, Bodhisattvas jak Avalokiteshvara i Tara, a tak\u017ce Dharmapalowie i wielcy \u015bwi\u0119ci.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[176,157],"class_list":["post-8023","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-buddyzm","category-kultury"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with 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