{"id":7874,"date":"2026-04-21T06:17:21","date_gmt":"2026-04-21T06:17:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/taweret\/"},"modified":"2026-06-21T15:06:32","modified_gmt":"2026-06-21T15:06:32","slug":"taweret","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/taweret\/","title":{"rendered":"Taweret"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"7874\" class=\"elementor elementor-7874 elementor-776\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Taweret, bogini tradycji egipskiej<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Taweret jest bogini\u0105 tradycji egipskiej.<\/p><p>Opiekunka ci\u0119\u017carnych w postaci hipopotama, si\u0142a ochronna porodu i po\u0142ogu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"B\u00f3g \/ bogini: Spersonifikowana najwy\u017csza moc w panteonie danej kultury, o wyra\u017anie okre\u015blonych kompetencjach \u2013 si\u0142y natury, los, wojna, p\u0142odno\u015b\u0107. Czczona przez kulty, ofiary i instytucje \u015bwi\u0105tynne.\">Bogini<\/span><a href=\"\/pl\/egipt\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mitologia staro\u017cytnej doliny Nilu, ok. 3000 r. p.n.e. \u2013 30 r. p.n.e.\">Egipt<\/a><a href=\"\/pl\/bostwa-opiekuncze\/\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"B\u00f3stwa opieku\u0144cze, stra\u017cnicy domu, miasta, narodzin, podr\u00f3\u017cy lub etap\u00f3w \u017cycia.\">B\u00f3stwo opieku\u0144cze<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSpis tre\u015bci\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_taweret-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-7875\" alt=\"Taweret - bogowie z tradycji egipskiej, historyczno-ilustracyjnie\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_taweret-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_taweret-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_taweret-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_taweret.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Taweret<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Taweret, \u201eWielka&#8221;, jest najwa\u017cniejsz\u0105 postaci\u0105 ochronn\u0105 dla ci\u0105\u017cy i porodu w staro\u017cytnym Egipcie. Jej wygl\u0105d jako ci\u0119\u017carnej kobiety-hipopotama z lwimi \u0142apami, krokodylim grzbietem i ludzkimi piersiami jest celowo pot\u0119\u017cny i odstraszaj\u0105cy. Odp\u0119dza z\u0142o nie \u0142agodno\u015bci\u0105, lecz koncentracj\u0105 niebezpiecznych cech.<\/p><p>Jest popularna od czas\u00f3w \u015aredniego Pa\u0144stwa i pozostaje centraln\u0105 postaci\u0105 w ka\u017cdym gospodarstwie domowym z ci\u0119\u017carnymi a\u017c do p\u00f3\u017anego okresu rzymskiego. Razem z Bes tworzy g\u0142\u00f3wn\u0105 par\u0119 egipskiej magii porodowej i po\u0142ogowej, oboje <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Odwracaj\u0105ce nieszcz\u0119\u015bcie; symbole apotropaiczne (Pazuzu, Hamsa, Nazar) chroni\u0105 przed szkodliw\u0105 magi\u0105 i z\u0142ym okiem.\">apotropaiczni<\/span>, oboje celowo groteskowi, oboje niezwykle dost\u0119pni dla prywatnej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prze\u017cywana religijno\u015b\u0107 i praktyka duchowa cz\u0142owieka.\" tabindex=\"0\">pobo\u017cno\u015bci<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil skr\u00f3cony: Taweret<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> demon ochronny \/ bogini (granica p\u0142ynna)<br>Pochodzenie: zwi\u0105zana z Nilem i hipopotamem; boskie przodki nieznane<br>Teksty: magiczne papirusy, Ksi\u0119ga Umar\u0142ych, o\u0142tarzyki domowe, inskrypcje amulet\u00f3w<br>Okres: od Starego Pa\u0144stwa do <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epoka przej\u015bciowa mi\u0119dzy staro\u017cytno\u015bci\u0105 a \u015bredniowieczem, ok. III\u2013VII w.\" tabindex=\"0\">p\u00f3\u017anej staro\u017cytno\u015bci<\/span><br>Zasi\u0119g: og\u00f3lnoegipski obszar kulturowy<br>Zastosowanie: amulety Taweret, magiczne no\u017ce, krzes\u0142o porodowe, malowid\u0142a \u015bcienne<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontekst<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Okres tekst\u00f3w<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Wczesne \u015bwiadectwa si\u0119gaj\u0105 Starego Pa\u0144stwa; pe\u0142na posta\u0107 ikonograficzna kszta\u0142tuje si\u0119 w \u015arednim i Nowym Pa\u0144stwie. W okresie p\u00f3\u017anym i ptolemejskim Taweret staje si\u0119 jedn\u0105 z najcz\u0119\u015bciej reprodukowanych postaci w og\u00f3le \u2013 w niezliczonych amuletach, statuetach i malowid\u0142ach \u015bciennych.<\/p><p><strong>Klasyfikacja mitologiczna<\/strong><\/p><p><em>Taweret<\/em>, bogini-hipopotam, jest jednym z najbardziej czczonych i ukochanych b\u00f3stw opieku\u0144czych Egiptu, szczeg\u00f3lnie przez kobiety i dzieci. Jej imi\u0119 oznacza 'Wielka&#8217;, a przedstawiana jest cz\u0119sto jako ci\u0119\u017carna samica hipopotama.<\/p><p>Cho\u0107 hipopotamy s\u0105 niebezpiecznymi zwierz\u0119tami, <em>Taweret<\/em> by\u0142a czczona jako opiekunka ci\u0105\u017cy i porodu, kt\u00f3ra sw\u0105 si\u0142\u0105 i agresywno\u015bci\u0105 chroni\u0142a matk\u0119 i dziecko przed demonami i z\u0142ymi mocami. <em>Taweret<\/em> jest bogini\u0105 p\u0142odno\u015bci i \u017cycia.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zasi\u0119g geograficzny<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jej obecno\u015b\u0107 rozci\u0105ga si\u0119 na ca\u0142\u0105 dolin\u0119 Nilu i wykracza poza granice kultury egipskiej \u2013 na Lewant i Cypr, gdzie amulety Taweret s\u0105 wytwarzane lokalnie. Czyni j\u0105 to jedn\u0105 z najdalej podr\u00f3\u017cuj\u0105cych egipskich postaci ochronnych.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stan \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najbogatszym \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142em jest materialny <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazywanie wiedzy i narracji przez pokolenia.\" tabindex=\"0\">przekaz<\/span>: tysi\u0105ce amulet\u00f3w z fajansu, kamienia i br\u0105zu; magiczne no\u017ce z z\u0119ba hipopotama; statuetki na domowe o\u0142tarzyki. W tekstach jest regularnie przywo\u0142ywana w zakl\u0119ciach porodowych i w magicznych papirusach, cz\u0119sto razem z Bes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Imi\u0119<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Egipskie:<\/strong> <em>T\ua723-wr.t<\/em>, dos\u0142ownie 'Wielka&#8217;.<br>Greckie: Tho\u00ebris.<br>Inne nazwy: Apet, Ipet, Reret (&#8217;Maciora&#8217;). Te warianty oznaczaj\u0105 cz\u0119\u015bciowo odr\u0119bne postacie, kt\u00f3re zlewaj\u0105 si\u0119 w Taweret.<\/p><p>Imi\u0119 'Wielka&#8217; jest honorowym tytu\u0142em, kt\u00f3ry celowo pozostaje otwarty j\u0119zykowo. Wzmacnia jej znaczenie jako si\u0142y ochronnej, nie zamykaj\u0105c jej w w\u0105skiej kategorii. Odpowiada temu ambiwalencja jej klasyfikacji: w niekt\u00f3rych tekstach jest bogini\u0105, w innych demonem \u2013 decyduj\u0105ca jest funkcja.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cechy istoty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Wygl\u0105d<\/strong><\/p><p>Taweret jest wyra\u017an\u0105 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Istota \u0142\u0105cz\u0105ca w sobie cechy r\u00f3\u017cnych \u017cywych stworze\u0144.\" tabindex=\"0\">istot\u0105 hybrydyczn\u0105<\/span>. Cia\u0142o jest cia\u0142em ci\u0119\u017carnej, stoj\u0105cej prosto samicy hipopotama z zwisaj\u0105cymi ludzkimi piersiami i wysuni\u0119tym brzuchem. Nogi ko\u0144cz\u0105 si\u0119 lwimi \u0142apami. Na grzbiecie cz\u0119sto widnieje krokodyli grzbiet lub krokodyl jako element na\u015bcienny. W r\u0119kach trzyma znak Sa (ochrona amuletowa) lub znak pochodni.<\/p><p><strong>Zachowanie<\/strong><\/p><p>Jej dzia\u0142anie jest zarazem ochronne i odstraszaj\u0105ce. Odp\u0119dza gor\u0105czk\u0119 po\u0142ogow\u0105, powik\u0142ania porodowe, z\u0142e spojrzenia i nocne demony. Jej postawa jest zazwyczaj wyprostowana i frontalna \u2013 stoi obecna, gotowa do interwencji, bez \u017cadnej pow\u015bci\u0105gliwo\u015bci.<\/p><p><strong>Zakres dzia\u0142ania<\/strong><\/p><p>Ci\u0105\u017ca, por\u00f3d, po\u0142\u00f3g, karmienie piersi\u0105, sen niemowl\u0105t. Dzia\u0142a te\u017c og\u00f3lnie jako domowa si\u0142a ochronna, lecz jej g\u0142\u00f3wny obszar wyra\u017anie obejmuje przestrze\u0144 kobiec\u0105 i niemowl\u0119c\u0105.<\/p><p><strong>Mityczne pochodzenie<\/strong><\/p><p>Brak jednoznacznej genealogii. Taweret bywa kojarzona z Seth lub Hathor, zachowuje jednak samodzieln\u0105 pozycj\u0119. Jej po\u0142\u0105czenie hipopotama, lwa, krokodyla i cz\u0142owieka odzwierciedla zar\u00f3wno niebezpieczno\u015b\u0107 przyrody nilowej, jak i jej przemian\u0119 w si\u0142\u0119 ochronn\u0105.<\/p><p><strong>Wygl\u0105d i symbolika<\/strong><\/p><p><em>Taweret<\/em> jest przedstawiana jako du\u017ca, ci\u0119\u017carna samica hipopotama ze zwisaj\u0105cymi piersiami i nabrzmia\u0142ym brzuchem, ramionami lwicy, ogonem krokodyla i ludzkimi stopami. Cz\u0119sto nosi pi\u00f3ro prawdy na czole.<\/p><p>Ta forma hybrydyczna \u0142\u0105czy si\u0142\u0119 kilku zwierz\u0105t: agresywnego hipopotama, szybko\u015bci lwa i przebieg\u0142o\u015bci krokodyla. Jej sylwetka podkre\u015bla ci\u0105\u017c\u0119 i macierzy\u0144stwo, co wskazuje na ni\u0105 jako bogini\u0119 porodu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Taweret<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najwa\u017cniejsze aspekty Taweret w skr\u00f3cie. Rozwini\u0119cie dotycz\u0105ce imienia, opisu, zastosowania i paralel znajduje si\u0119 w nast\u0119puj\u0105cych sekcjach.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pochodzenie<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Silnie zwi\u0105zana z Nilem i hipopotamem; bez wyra\u017anej genealogii boskiej. Warianty Apet, Ipet, Reret zlewaj\u0105 si\u0119 w tej postaci.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Odnosi si\u0119 do<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ci\u0119\u017carne, po\u0142o\u017cnice, niemowl\u0119ta, rodzina. Wt\u00f3rnie r\u00f3wnie\u017c kobiety pragn\u0105ce potomstwa. W swej funkcji bogini domowej chroni ca\u0142e mieszkanie i jego mieszka\u0144c\u00f3w przed szkodliwymi wp\u0142ywami.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wygl\u0105d<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ci\u0119\u017carna kobieta-hipopotam ze zwisaj\u0105cymi piersiami, lwimi \u0142apami, cz\u0119sto z krokodylim grzbietem. W r\u0119kach znak Sa lub znak pochodni.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dzia\u0142anie Taweret<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Odp\u0119dzanie gor\u0105czki po\u0142ogowej, powik\u0142a\u0144 porodowych i nocnych atak\u00f3w. Ochrona ci\u0105\u017cy, porodu i okresu niemowl\u0119cego.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrona<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nie odwracanie Taweret, lecz jej zastosowanie: amulety Taweret na brzuchu ci\u0119\u017carnej, statuetki przy krze\u015ble porodowym, magiczne no\u017ce z z\u0119ba hipopotama z jej wizerunkiem.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Analogie<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Funkcjonalnie blisko spokrewniona z <a href=\"\/pl\/bes\/\">Bes<\/a> jako drugim egipskim opiekunem ci\u0119\u017carnych o gro\u017ano-przyjaznym profilu. Mezopotamska paralela: <a href=\"\/pl\/pazuzu\/\">Pazuzu<\/a> jako ambiwalentna posta\u0107 ochronna. R\u00f3wnie\u017c grecka <a href=\"\/pl\/hekate\/\">Hekate<\/a> jako towarzyszka porodu nale\u017cy do tego spektrum, nie dziel\u0105c jednak czystej funkcji ochronnej Taweret.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zastosowanie w \u017cyciu codziennym<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Rytua\u0142y <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Zwracanie si\u0119 do b\u00f3stwa lub mocy w formie pro\u015bby lub zakl\u0119cia.\" tabindex=\"0\">przywo\u0142ywania<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p>Taweret jest w \u017cyciu codziennym przywo\u0142ywana, nie zaklinana. Ci\u0119\u017carne nosi\u0142y amulety na brzuchu, statuetki Taweret sta\u0142y przy krze\u015ble porodowym i przy ko\u0142ysce. W zakl\u0119ciach porodowych jest zazwyczaj przywo\u0142ywana obok Bes \u2013 ona chroni, on odp\u0119dza.<\/p><p><strong>Zakl\u0119cia<\/strong><\/p><p>Magiczne papirusy zawieraj\u0105 formu\u0142y ochronne dla ci\u0119\u017carnych i po\u0142o\u017cnic, w kt\u00f3rych wsp\u00f3lnie wymieniani s\u0105 Taweret i Bes. Tekst opisuje zagro\u017cenia (nocne demony, gor\u0105czka, utrata dziecka) i wzywa moce ochronne do obecno\u015bci.<\/p><p><strong>Amulety i symbole ochronne<\/strong><\/p><p>Amulety Taweret z fajansu, kamienia lub br\u0105zu nale\u017c\u0105 do standardowego wyposa\u017cenia ka\u017cdej ci\u0119\u017carnej i ka\u017cdego domu z ma\u0142ymi dzie\u0107mi. Magiczne no\u017ce z z\u0119ba hipopotama \u2013 p\u0142askie, p\u00f3\u0142ksi\u0119\u017cycowate przedmioty z rz\u0119dami apotropaicznych istot \u2013 niemal zawsze ukazuj\u0105 Taweret na widocznym miejscu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Taweret \u2013 paralele w innych kulturach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Mezopotamia:<\/strong> Pazuzu i Bes dziel\u0105 profil brzydko-gro\u017anej istoty ochronnej dla ci\u0119\u017carnych i niemowl\u0105t. Zagra\u017caj\u0105ca dzieciom Lamasztu po drugiej stronie pokazuje, jak \u015bci\u015ble powi\u0105zane s\u0105 ochrona i zagro\u017cenie w tej kategorii.<\/p><p><strong>\u015awiat grecko-rzymski<\/strong><\/p><p>Ejlejtyja jest greck\u0105 bogini\u0105 porodu, lecz bez demonicznego profilu. <a href=\"\/pl\/lamie\/\">Lamiae<\/a> i Lamia stoj\u0105 po stronie zagro\u017cenia w tym kompleksie. W hellenistycznym Egipcie Taweret i Ejlejtyja cz\u0119\u015bciowo si\u0119 zlewaj\u0105.<\/p><p><strong>Recepcja chrze\u015bcija\u0144ska:<\/strong> W <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epoka przej\u015bciowa mi\u0119dzy staro\u017cytno\u015bci\u0105 a \u015bredniowieczem, ok. III\u2013VII w.\" tabindex=\"0\">p\u00f3\u017anej staro\u017cytno\u015bci<\/span> kult maryjny w Egipcie przejmuje funkcje Taweret; Maria jako posta\u0107 opieku\u0144cza matek i dzieci jest bezpo\u015bredni\u0105 funkcjonaln\u0105 kontynuacj\u0105. Nawi\u0105zania ikonograficzne widoczne s\u0105 zw\u0142aszcza w koptyjskiej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Religijno\u015b\u0107 prze\u017cywana na co dzie\u0144, cz\u0119sto obok oficjalnej doktryny.\" tabindex=\"0\">pobo\u017cno\u015bci ludowej<\/span>.<\/p><p><strong>Recepcja wsp\u00f3\u0142czesna:<\/strong> Taweret prze\u017cywa dzi\u015b odkrycie na nowo w duchowo\u015bci feministycznej oraz w literaturze wellness i ci\u0105\u017cowej jako pozytywnie nacechowana bogini-matka ochronna. Pojawia si\u0119 r\u00f3wnie\u017c w literaturze popularnej o tematyce egipskiej i jako posta\u0107 w fikcji gatunkowej (Kane Chronicles Ricka Riordana).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp448d37e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp448d37e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpeddd646 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpeddd646\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ikonografia: z\u0142o\u017cone zwierz\u0119 ochronne<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp35a1faa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp35a1faa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe33cfd4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpe33cfd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Taweret nale\u017cy do ikonograficznie najbardziej rozpoznawalnych postaci egipskiego panteonu. Jej wygl\u0105d jest z\u0142o\u017cony z kilku niebezpiecznych zwierz\u0105t: cia\u0142o stoj\u0105cej prosto, wysoko ci\u0119\u017carnej samicy hipopotama, grzbiet z grzyw\u0105, cz\u0119sto z ogonem krokodyla, ko\u0144czyny zako\u0144czone \u0142apami lwa, a zwisaj\u0105ce kobiece piersi podkre\u015blaj\u0105 aspekt macierzy\u0144ski.<\/p><p>Cz\u0119sto opiera si\u0119 na znaku <em>sa<\/em> \u2013 znaku hieroglificznym oznaczaj\u0105cym 'ochron\u0119&#8217;.<\/p><p>To zestawienie nie jest przypadkowym potworem, lecz wynika z pewnej logiki. Hipopotam, krokodyl i lew by\u0142y trzema najniebezpieczniejszymi dla cz\u0142owieka zwierz\u0119tami doliny Nilu.<\/p><p>\u0141\u0105cz\u0105c w sobie ich cechy, Taweret skupia ich gro\u017ano\u015b\u0107, lecz kieruje j\u0105 przeciwko wrogom matki i dziecka. Przera\u017caj\u0105ca posta\u0107 jest w\u0142a\u015bnie \u015brodkiem ochrony: to, co zagra\u017ca ci\u0119\u017carnej i noworodkowi, ma przed Taweret ust\u0105pi\u0107.<\/p><p>Przedstawienia si\u0119gaj\u0105 od monumentalnych pos\u0105g\u00f3w \u015bwi\u0105tynnych po miniaturowe amulety. Taweret by\u0142a szczeg\u00f3lnie powszechna na przedmiotach u\u017cytku domowego: na \u0142\u00f3\u017ckach, zag\u0142\u00f3wkach, naczyniach do ma\u015bci, na tak zwanych magicznych no\u017cach z z\u0119ba hipopotama, kt\u00f3re trzymano nad \u015bpi\u0105cymi.<\/p><p>Ta materialna wszechobecno\u015b\u0107 odr\u00f3\u017cnia j\u0105 od wielkich bog\u00f3w pa\u0144stwowych. Taweret mia\u0142a wprawdzie kult \u015bwi\u0105tynny, zw\u0142aszcza w okresie p\u00f3\u017anym, lecz jej w\u0142a\u015bciw\u0105 domen\u0105 by\u0142 dom, sypialnia, sala porodowa. By\u0142a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Istota czczona jako boska w obr\u0119bie religii.\" tabindex=\"0\">b\u00f3stwem<\/span> do dotyku, do noszenia, do stawiania przy \u0142\u00f3\u017cku.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpad69aff e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpad69aff\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdc28bd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpdc28bd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrona w najtrudniejszym przej\u015bciu: ci\u0105\u017ca i por\u00f3d<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0661172 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp0661172\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpc7c88f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpc7c88f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Taweret jest egipskim b\u00f3stwem opieku\u0144czym ci\u0105\u017cy, porodu i wczesnego dzieci\u0144stwa, a wi\u0119c dok\u0142adnie tej fazy \u017cycia, kt\u00f3ra w <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epoka kultury greckiej i rzymskiej, ok. 800 r. p.n.e. \u2013 600 r. n.e.\" tabindex=\"0\">staro\u017cytno\u015bci<\/span> by\u0142a zwi\u0105zana z najwy\u017csz\u0105 \u015bmiertelno\u015bci\u0105.<\/p><p>Por\u00f3d by\u0142 niebezpieczny dla \u017cycia matki i dziecka, a religia egipska zapewnia\u0142a dla tej strefy zagro\u017cenia w\u0142asny zesp\u00f3\u0142 si\u0142 ochronnych, w kt\u00f3rego centrum sta\u0142a Taweret \u2013 cz\u0119sto razem z lwiotwarzy bogiem krasnoludkiem <a href=\"\/pl\/bes\/\">Bes<\/a>.<\/p><p>Kult Taweret dokonywa\u0142 si\u0119 w mniejszym stopniu w wielkich rytua\u0142ach \u015bwi\u0105tynnych, a bardziej w g\u0119stej codziennej praktyce.<\/p><p>Ci\u0119\u017carne nosi\u0142y amulety z jej wizerunkiem, pomieszczenia porodowe i po\u0142ogowe ozdabiane by\u0142y jej przedstawieniami, naczynia na mleko i pojemniki na ma\u015b\u0107 otrzymywa\u0142y jej kszta\u0142t, aby zbawienny zawarto\u015b\u0107 pozostawa\u0142a pod jej ochron\u0105. Magiczne no\u017ce i apotropaia \u015aredniego Pa\u0144stwa ukazuj\u0105 j\u0105 w d\u0142ugich szeregach istot ochronnych.<\/p><p>Z punktu widzenia religioznawstwa Taweret jest wzorcowym przyk\u0142adem 'b\u00f3stwa domowego&#8217;, kt\u00f3rego znaczenie jest odwrotnie proporcjonalne do jego widoczno\u015bci w oficjalnej religii. W listach kr\u00f3lewskich i wielkich teologiach odgrywa znikom\u0105 rol\u0119; w codziennym \u017cyciu egipskich rodzin, szczeg\u00f3lnie kobiet, by\u0142a przez tysi\u0105clecia jednym z najwa\u017cniejszych b\u00f3stw w og\u00f3le.<\/p><p>Ta rozbie\u017cno\u015b\u0107 przestrzega przed rekonstruowaniem religii egipskiej wy\u0142\u0105cznie na podstawie tekst\u00f3w \u015bwi\u0105tynnych. Znaczna cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 praktyki religijnej odbywa\u0142a si\u0119 w domu, a tam rz\u0105dzi\u0142a Taweret. Jej d\u0142ugotrwa\u0142a popularno\u015b\u0107 \u2013 od Tekst\u00f3w Piramid a\u017c po czasy grecko-rzymskie \u2013 dowodzi, jak trwa\u0142y by\u0142 ten domowy kult ochronny.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8eb06f3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp8eb06f3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb3a0cf8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpb3a0cf8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">R\u00f3\u017cnorodno\u015b\u0107 imion i kwestia jednej lub wielu bogi\u0144-hipopotam\u00f3w<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1505f4b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp1505f4b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp94d8b0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp94d8b0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Imi\u0119 <em>Taweret<\/em> oznacza 'Wielka&#8217; i jest w\u0142a\u015bciwie uprzejmym okre\u015bleniem zast\u0119pczym, a nie pierwotnym imieniem w\u0142asnym. Ta obserwacja prowadzi do zasadniczego problemu: egipskie \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a znaj\u0105 kilka hipopotamokszta\u0142tnych bogi\u0144, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 do siebie bardzo podobne, lecz wyst\u0119puj\u0105 pod r\u00f3\u017cnymi imionami.<\/p><p>Obok Taweret spotykamy postacie takie jak Ipet, Reret (&#8217;Maciora&#8217;) i Hedjet, a badacze dyskutuj\u0105, czy chodzi o r\u00f3\u017cne boginie, czy o regionalne i epokalne formy tej samej mocy.<\/p><p>Najbardziej prawdopodobna interpretacja jest taka, \u017ce le\u017c\u0105ce u podstaw wyobra\u017cenie o opieku\u0144czej, ci\u0119\u017carnej bogini-hipopotamie przybra\u0142o w r\u00f3\u017cnych miejscach i czasach r\u00f3\u017cne nazwy i nieco odmienne profile.<\/p><p>Taweret ostatecznie utrwali\u0142a si\u0119 jako najcz\u0119stsza nazwa i wch\u0142on\u0119\u0142a pozosta\u0142e w znacznym stopniu. Okre\u015blenie 'Wielka&#8217; zamiast sta\u0142ego imienia w\u0142asnego pasuje do tej ewolucji: dzia\u0142a ponad granicami miejsca i tradycji.<\/p><p>Kolejny w\u0105tek \u0142\u0105czy bogini\u0119-hipopotama z niebem i z wiar\u0105 w gwiazdy. Na przedstawieniach konstelacji na stropach \u015bwi\u0105tynnych i pokrywach sarkofag\u00f3w pojawia si\u0119 posta\u0107 w kszta\u0142cie hipopotama jako personifikacja cz\u0119\u015bci p\u00f3\u0142nocnego nieba gwia\u017adzistego, cz\u0119sto zwi\u0105zana ze strze\u017ceniem obszaru, gdzie kr\u0105\u017c\u0105 gwiazdy nigdy niezachodz\u0105ce.<\/p><p>Jak \u015bcis\u0142y jest zwi\u0105zek tej kosmicznej postaci hipopotama z domow\u0105 bogini\u0105 ochronn\u0105 Taweret, nie zosta\u0142o ostatecznie wyja\u015bnione. Ustalenia pokazuj\u0105 jednak, \u017ce bogini-hipopotam nie by\u0142a ograniczona do pomocy przy porodzie, lecz mog\u0142a odgrywa\u0107 rol\u0119 w porz\u0105dku kosmosu. Pozornie prosta bogini domowa osadzona jest w szerszym kontek\u015bcie teologicznym, ni\u017c jej amulety mog\u0142yby sugerowa\u0107.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dalsze odno\u015bniki<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Zalecane linki wewn\u0119trzne do tej strony:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"\/pl\/egipt\/\">Egipt<\/a> (nadrz\u0119dna strona kulturowa)<\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/bes\/\">Bes<\/a> (cz\u0119sty partner w amuletach ochronnych)<\/li><li>Szczeg\u00f3\u0142y dotycz\u0105ce Taweret \u2013 wkr\u00f3tce<\/li><li>Magiczne no\u017ce i amulety porodowe<\/li><li>Po\u0142\u00f3g i ochrona po\u0142ogowa w staro\u017cytnym \u015bwiecie<\/li><li>Ejlejtyja i <a href=\"\/pl\/juno\/\">Juno<\/a> Lucina (paralele grecko-rzymskie)<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (wyb\u00f3r)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Zwi\u0119z\u0142y wyb\u00f3r kluczowych prac na temat Taweret i egipskiej magii porodowej:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Altenm\u00fcller, Hartwig: <em>Die Apotropaia und die G\u00f6tter Mittel\u00e4gyptens<\/em>. M\u00fcnchen 1965.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Bonnet, Hans: <em>Reallexikon der \u00e4gyptischen Religionsgeschichte<\/em>. Berlin 1952 (has\u0142a Taweret \/ Tho\u00ebris).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Houser-Wegner, Jennifer: 'Taweret.&#8217; W: Donald B. Redford (red.): <em>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt<\/em>. Oxford 2001, t. 3.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dalsze prace podstawowe w <a href=\"\/pl\/literatura\/\">bibliografii<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw-add-taweret e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw-add-taweret\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw-add-taweret-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw-add-taweret-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>W <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 bog\u00f3w danej religii lub kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteonie<\/span> egipskich bog\u00f3w Taweret zajmuje samodzieln\u0105 pozycj\u0119 jako si\u0142a ochronna ci\u0119\u017carnych i rodz\u0105cych. Cho\u0107 jest przedstawiana w formie \u017ce\u0144skiej, wed\u0142ug terminologii religioznawczej nale\u017cy do bog\u00f3w Egiptu i by\u0142a przywo\u0142ywana w rytua\u0142ach domowych obok innych bog\u00f3w, takich jak Bes.<\/p><p>Jej cia\u0142o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Istota \u0142\u0105cz\u0105ca w sobie cechy r\u00f3\u017cnych \u017cywych stworze\u0144.\" tabindex=\"0\">istoty hybrydycznej<\/span> z\u0142o\u017cone z hipopotama, lwa i krokodyla by\u0142o uwa\u017cane za widzialny znak jej funkcji odwracania nieszcz\u0119\u015bliwych mocy. Teologiczne poj\u0119cie 'b\u00f3g&#8217; u\u017cywane jest tutaj w formie \u017ce\u0144skiej (bogini).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Taweret, G\u00f6ttin der \u00e4gyptischen Tradition Taweret ist G\u00f6ttin der \u00e4gyptischen Tradition. Die Schwangerensch\u00fctzerin in Nilpferdgestalt, Schutzmacht von Geburt und Wochenbett. G\u00f6ttin\u00c4gyptenSchutzgottheit Inhaltsverzeichnis Taweret Taweret, \u201edie Gro\u00dfe&#8221;, ist die prominenteste Schutzgestalt f\u00fcr Schwangerschaft und Geburt im alten \u00c4gypten. Ihre Gestalt als schwangere Nilpferdfrau mit L\u00f6wenpranken, Krokodilr\u00fccken und menschlichen Br\u00fcsten ist bewusst machtvoll und abschreckend. Sie wehrt [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7875,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Taweret","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Taweret, bogini tradycji egipskiej | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Taweret, egipska opiekunka ci\u0119\u017carnych w postaci hipopotama. 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