{"id":27566,"date":"2026-07-15T23:22:35","date_gmt":"2026-07-15T23:22:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/green-man\/"},"modified":"2026-07-20T19:15:01","modified_gmt":"2026-07-20T19:15:01","slug":"green-man","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/green-man\/","title":{"rendered":"Green Man"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"27566\" class=\"elementor elementor-27566 elementor-19474\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Green Man, oblicze ko\u015bcio\u0142\u00f3w wypluwaj\u0105ce li\u015bcie<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Green Man jest <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Bezcielesna istota, kt\u00f3rej przypisuje si\u0119 dzia\u0142anie w \u015bwiecie.\">duchem<\/span> og\u00f3lnoeuropejskiego przekazu ko\u015bcielnego i obrz\u0119dowego.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Li\u015bciowa twarz ko\u015bcio\u0142\u00f3w, interpretowana jako duch wegetacji.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Duch: Niecielesna lub p\u00f3\u0142cielesna istota, zmarli, istoty naturalne, duchy domowe lub stra\u017cnicy granic. Dzia\u0142a w codziennym \u017cyciu, cz\u0119sto zwi\u0105zana z miejscami lub rodzinami.\">Duch<\/span><span class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Europejska tradycja uczona i ludowa czas\u00f3w nowo\u017cytnych, od Paracelsusa do ezoteryki.\">Europa<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSpis tre\u015bci\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" 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elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"682\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_britische-inseln_green-man-682x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-27567\" alt=\"Green Man, duch brytyjskiego przekazu\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_britische-inseln_green-man-682x1024.webp 682w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_britische-inseln_green-man-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_britische-inseln_green-man-768x1154.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_britische-inseln_green-man.webp 1023w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 682px) 100vw, 682px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Green Man<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Green Man to oblicze utworzone z li\u015bci lub wypluwaj\u0105ce li\u015bcie, kt\u00f3re pojawia si\u0119 w setkach egzemplarzy na \u015bredniowiecznych ko\u015bcio\u0142ach zachodniej Europy. Od 1939 roku motyw nosi dzisiejsz\u0105 nazw\u0119 i dla wielu uchodzi za ducha wegetacji; badania widz\u0105 w nim raczej ornament o d\u0142ugiej historii migracji ni\u017c pozosta\u0142o\u015b\u0107 poga\u0144skiego kultu.<\/p>\n<p>Maski z li\u015bci s\u0105 po\u015bwiadczone od czas\u00f3w cesarstwa rzymskiego, plastyka ko\u015bcielna si\u0119ga od XI do XVI wieku; \u017cadne \u015bredniowieczne \u015bwiadectwo pisemne nie wyja\u015bnia tych masek. Dzisiejszy Green Man jest wsp\u00f3\u0142czesn\u0105 syntez\u0105 pierwotnie odr\u0119bnych przekaz\u00f3w, przede wszystkim plastyki architektonicznej i majowego obrz\u0119du.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">W skr\u00f3cie: Green Man<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> motyw obrazowy i obrz\u0119dowy, we wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnej interpretacji duch wegetacji<br \/>Pochodzenie: maski z li\u015bci w sztuce rzymskiej, plastyka ko\u015bcielna od XI do XVI wieku<br \/>Teksty: brak \u015bredniowiecznych \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 tekstowych dotycz\u0105cych interpretacji; termin od 1939 roku<br \/>Okres: od czas\u00f3w cesarstwa rzymskiego do wsp\u00f3\u0142czesno\u015bci<br \/>Wygl\u0105d: oblicze z listowia lub wypluwaj\u0105ce li\u015bcie<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Klasyfikacja historyczna<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Okres powstania tekst\u00f3w<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Maski z li\u015bci s\u0105 po\u015bwiadczone od czas\u00f3w cesarstwa rzymskiego, plastyka ko\u015bcielna si\u0119ga od XI do XVI wieku; termin Green Man pochodzi jednak dopiero z 1939 roku.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zasi\u0119g geograficzny<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Wyspy Brytyjskie i zachodnia Europa; jako motyw obrazowy li\u015bciowa twarz jest rozpowszechniona w ca\u0142ej Europie.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stan \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bogaty materia\u0142 ikonograficzny, ale brak \u015bredniowiecznych \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 tekstowych dotycz\u0105cych interpretacji; podstawowe znaczenie maj\u0105 prace Raglan, Basford, Judge i Huttona.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nazwa i warianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Angielski:<\/strong> Green Man, termin utworzony w 1939 roku przez Lady Raglan w esejzie The Green Man in Church Architecture. W historii sztuki dzie\u0142a te nazywane s\u0105 bardziej rzeczowo <em>foliate heads<\/em> lub, za Kathleen Basford, <em>t\u00eates de feuilles<\/em> i <em>masques feuillus<\/em>. Dawna nazwa szyldu Green Man odnosi\u0142a si\u0119 pierwotnie do dzikiego cz\u0142owieka ze sztuki heraldycznej i szyldowej.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Opis<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Wygl\u0105d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Basford wyr\u00f3\u017cni\u0142a podstawowe formy motywu: czyst\u0105 li\u015bciow\u0105 twarz, kt\u00f3rej rysy z\u0142o\u017cone s\u0105 z listowia, oraz g\u0142ow\u0119 wypluwaj\u0105c\u0105 li\u015bcie, z ust, nosa lub oczu kt\u00f3rej wyrastaj\u0105 p\u0119dy. Cz\u0119ste rodzaje listowia to d\u0105b, winna latoro\u015bl i akant. Oblicza nie zawsze wywo\u0142uj\u0105 wra\u017cenie przyjaznych; wiele \u015bredniowiecznych egzemplarzy przedstawia grymasy, b\u00f3l lub poch\u0142oni\u0119cie przez listowie, co wskazuje raczej na przemijalno\u015b\u0107 i przestrog\u0119 przed grzechem ni\u017c na przyjaznego boga wiosny. Motyw ten pojawia si\u0119 na kapitelach, zwornikach, stallach i portalach.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dzia\u0142anie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jako dzia\u0142aj\u0105ca istota Green Man nie wyst\u0119puje w starym przekazie; nie istniej\u0105 podania o spotkaniach, ostrze\u017ceniach czy karach. Jego dzia\u0142anie ma charakter symboliczny: li\u015bciowa twarz ukazuje przenikanie si\u0119 cz\u0142owieka i \u015bwiata ro\u015blin, powstawanie i przemijanie w rytmie roku. Dopiero wsp\u00f3\u0142czesna interpretacja od XX wieku uczyni\u0142a z niego ducha wegetacji; w odrodzonym majowym obrz\u0119dzie posta\u0107 Jack in the Green wciela wiosn\u0119.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Green Man<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najwa\u017cniejsze aspekty li\u015bciowej twarzy w skr\u00f3cie.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontekst kulturowy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Motyw ornamentalny o d\u0142ugiej historii migracji: od masek z li\u015bci w sztuce rzymskiej przez malarstwo ksi\u0105\u017ckowe i warsztaty budowlane do roma\u0144skiej i gotyckiej plastyki ko\u015bcielnej.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dotyczy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Historyczna wsp\u00f3lnota kultowa nie jest po\u015bwiadczona; obecnie do tej postaci zwracaj\u0105 si\u0119 neopoganizm i duchowo\u015b\u0107 ekologiczna.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wygl\u0105d<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Li\u015bciowa twarz z d\u0119bu, winnej latoro\u015bli lub akantu, albo g\u0142owa wypluwaj\u0105ca li\u015bcie; na kapitelach, zwornikach i portalach, cz\u0119sto na obrze\u017cach programu ikonograficznego.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funkcja<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Symbol powstawania i przemijania w rytmie roku; posta\u0107 obrz\u0119dowa Jack in the Green wciela wiosn\u0119 1 maja.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Post\u0119powanie<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Brak tradycji obronnej, gdy\u017c nie przekazano \u017cadnego profilu szkodliwo\u015bci; potwierdzony \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142owo jest charakter b\u0142ogos\u0142awi\u0105cy majowej zieleni na domu i w stajni.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Rozgraniczenie<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Rogaty Cernunnos jest popularnie \u0142\u0105czony z Green Man, jest jednak odr\u0119bnym celtyckim b\u00f3stwem bez listowia; <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wilder-mann\/\">Wilder Mann<\/a> nale\u017cy do sztuki heraldycznej i szyldowej.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lady Raglan i wynalezienie tradycji<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Termin ten utworzy\u0142a Lady Raglan w 1939 roku w esejzie The Green Man in Church Architecture w czasopi\u015bmie Folklore. Po\u0142\u0105czy\u0142a li\u015bciow\u0105 twarz z ko\u015bcio\u0142a w Llangwm w Walii z postaciami obrz\u0119dowymi, takimi jak Jack in the Green, i zinterpretowa\u0142a obie jako pozosta\u0142o\u015b\u0107 przedchrze\u015bcija\u0144skiego kultu wegetacji. Monografia Kathleen Basford z 1978 roku wywodzi ten motyw natomiast od masek z li\u015bci w sztuce rzymskiej, sk\u0105d przez malarstwo ksi\u0105\u017ckowe i warsztaty budowlane trafi\u0142 do roma\u0144skiej i gotyckiej plastyki ko\u015bcielnej; Mercia MacDermott podda\u0142a w 2003 roku dodatkowo dyskusji wschodnie prapocz\u0105tki si\u0119gaj\u0105ce Indii.<\/p>\n<p>Dla nieprzerwanego poga\u0144skiego kultu brak jakiegokolwiek dowodu tekstowego: \u017cadne \u015bredniowieczne \u015bwiadectwo pisemne nie wyja\u015bnia tych masek, a majowy obrz\u0119d Jack in the Green okaza\u0142 si\u0119 w badaniach Roya Judge miejskim wynalazkiem XVIII i wczesnego XIX wieku, powsta\u0142ym w \u015brodowisku londy\u0144skich kominiarzy. Dzisiejszy Green Man jest wi\u0119c wsp\u00f3\u0142czesn\u0105 syntez\u0105 pierwotnie odr\u0119bnych przekaz\u00f3w.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wsp\u00f3\u0142czesne kszta\u0142towanie mitu i jego krytyka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Niewiele postaci ukazuje si\u0142\u0119 wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnego kszta\u0142towania mitu wyra\u017aniej. Od eseju Raglan, a zw\u0142aszcza od albumu Williama Andersona z 1990 roku, Green Man sta\u0142 si\u0119 postaci\u0105 wiod\u0105c\u0105 neopoganizmu i duchowo\u015bci ekologicznej, a tak\u017ce popularnym motywem ceramiki ogrodowej i literatury fantasy. Majowy obrz\u0119d w Hastings przyci\u0105ga od jego odrodzenia w latach 80. XX wieku rocznie tysi\u0105ce os\u00f3b; w 2023 roku Green Man pojawi\u0142 si\u0119 na zaproszeniu na koronacj\u0119 Karola III jako rzekomo dawna brytyjska posta\u0107 ludowa, co folklory\u015bci niezw\u0142ocznie sprostowali.<\/p>\n<p>Z religioznawczego punktu widzenia Green Man jest wzorcowym przyk\u0142adem folklorystyki na temat wynalezionej tradycji: z motywu ornamentalnego, m\u0142odego miejskiego zwyczaju i nazwy szyldu w XX wieku powsta\u0142 retrospektywnie poga\u0144ski duch wegetacji. Krytyka tezy Raglan o przetrwaniu, od Basford przez Judge&#8217;a po Ronalda Huttona, oddzieli\u0142a te elementy od siebie, bez podwa\u017cania nowej praktyki religijnej: wsp\u00f3\u0142czesny Green Man jest realn\u0105, m\u0142od\u0105 postaci\u0105 kultow\u0105 duchowo\u015bci wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnej, kt\u00f3ra wykorzystuje historyczny materia\u0142 ikonograficzny jako punkt odniesienia. Dla tradycji ochronnych tego zbioru jest on przypadkiem granicznym, istot\u0105, kt\u00f3ra powsta\u0142a dopiero przez swoj\u0105 interpretacj\u0119.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9a031aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9a031aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9193514 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9193514\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Majowa ziele\u0144 zamiast ochrony<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02ca0ee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02ca0ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp444e0f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp444e0f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nie istnieje przekazana tradycja obrony przed Green Man, poniewa\u017c nie przypisano mu \u017cadnego profilu szkodliwo\u015bci. Odwrotnie, w badaniach rozwa\u017ca si\u0119, czy same maski z li\u015bci mia\u0142y znaczenie apotropaiczne, jako ochronni stra\u017cnicy granic przy portalach i sklepieniach; nie da si\u0119 tego jednak udokumentowa\u0107. Potwierdzony \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142owo jest natomiast b\u0142ogos\u0142awi\u0105cy charakter majowej zieleni w europejskim obrz\u0119dzie: zielone ga\u0142\u0105zki i majowe drzewka na domu i w stajni uwa\u017cano za przynosz\u0105ce szcz\u0119\u015bcie i ochron\u0119, a w tym \u015brodowisku sytuowa\u0142 si\u0119 tak\u017ce Jack in the Green. Kto dzi\u015b napotyka ten motyw, nie potrzebuje ochrony; nale\u017cy on do historii sztuki i obrz\u0119d\u00f3w, nie do wiedzy o zagro\u017ceniach.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp11de5b2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp11de5b2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8d35271 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp8d35271\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Li\u015bciowe twarze, dzicy ludzie i w\u0142adcy las\u00f3w<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02f26b8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02f26b8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp58c4390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp58c4390\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Typologicznie spokrewnione s\u0105 b\u00f3stwa wegetatywnego umierania i powracania, takie jak Ozyrys, Dumuzi i s\u0142owia\u0144ski Jarilo; Dionizos dostarcza z maskami z bluszczu i winnej latoro\u015bli antycznej ikonografii, z kt\u00f3rej pochodzi ten motyw. Rogaty Cernunnos jest popularnie cz\u0119sto \u0142\u0105czony z Green Man, jest jednak odr\u0119bnym celtyckim b\u00f3stwem bez listowia, a indyjski Kirtimukha uchodzi u niekt\u00f3rych autor\u00f3w za wschodniego krewniaka. Z las\u00f3w Europy towarzysz\u0105 mu <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wilder-mann\/\">Wilder Mann<\/a> ze sztuki heraldycznej, szkocki <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/ghillie-dhu\/\">Ghillie Dhu<\/a> oraz s\u0142owia\u0144ski <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/leshy\/\">Leszy<\/a>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp406577c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp406577c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdd9c543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpdd9c543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Najcz\u0119stsze pytania o Green Man<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9e731bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp9e731bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa7c898c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa7c898c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Czy Green Man jest b\u00f3stwem celtyckim?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nie. Twarze z listowia to chrze\u015bcija\u0144ska plastyka architektoniczna zakorzeniona w sztuce rzymskiej, a \u017cadne \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o celtyckie nie znajduje takiego b\u00f3stwa. Zwi\u0105zek z celtyckimi postaciami, takimi jak Cernunnos, to nowo\u017cytny dodatek.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sk\u0105d pochodzi nazwa Green Man?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Od Lady Raglan, kt\u00f3ra w 1939 roku tak nazwa\u0142a ko\u015bcielne maski i po\u0142\u0105czy\u0142a je z majowym zwyczajem Jack in the Green. Wcze\u015bniej m\u00f3wiono po prostu o twarzach z listowia lub g\u0142owach z li\u015bci; jako nazwa gospody Green Man oznacza\u0142 dzikiego m\u0119\u017ca.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Czy mo\u017cna zwraca\u0107 si\u0119 do Green Mana jako do duchowego opiekuna?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Wsp\u00f3\u0142czesna duchowo\u015b\u0107 natury tak czyni, i jako aktualna praktyka religijna jest to uprawnione. Historycznie takie wzywanie nie jest udokumentowane; kto chce oprze\u0107 si\u0119 na \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142ach, najstarszy uchwytny zwi\u0105zek z b\u0142ogos\u0142awie\u0144stwem znajdzie w zwyczajach majowej zieleni.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dalsze odsy\u0142acze<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Polecane linki wewn\u0119trzne:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wilder-mann\/\">Wilder Mann<\/a> \u2013 posta\u0107 dzikich ludzi stoj\u0105ca za nazw\u0105 gospody<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/ghillie-dhu\/\">Ghillie Dhu<\/a> \u2013 szkocki duch le\u015bny w szacie z listowia<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/leshy\/\">Leshy<\/a> \u2013 s\u0142owia\u0144ski pan lasu<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/bylica-pospolita\/\">Bylica<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/jalowiec\/\">Ja\u0142owiec<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/okadzanie-i-oczyszczanie\/\">Kadzenie<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/talizman\/\">Talizman<\/a> \u2013 przekazane \u015brodki ochronne<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/kompas-ochronny\/\">Kompas ochronny<\/a> \u2013 \u015brodki ochronne w przegl\u0105dzie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (wyb\u00f3r)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Wyb\u00f3r najwa\u017cniejszych \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 i bada\u0144:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Raglan, Lady (Julia Somerset): <em>The Green Man in Church Architecture<\/em>. In: Folklore 50, 1939.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Basford, Kathleen: <em>The Green Man<\/em>. Ipswich 1978.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Judge, Roy: <em>The Jack-in-the-Green. A Folklore Custom<\/em>. Cambridge 1979.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">MacDermott, Mercia: <em>Explore Green Men<\/em>. Loughborough 2003.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Hutton, Ronald: <em>The Stations of the Sun. A History of the Ritual Year in Britain<\/em>. Oxford 1996.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/footer><br><p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Wi\u0119cej dzie\u0142 podstawowych w <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/literatura\/\">wykazie literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Wyszukiwane has\u0142a, takie jak znaczenie Zielonego M\u0119\u017ca czy twarz z listowia w ko\u015bciele, prowadz\u0105 prosto w t\u0119 dwoist\u0105 natur\u0119: historycznie Green Man jest ornamentem o d\u0142ugiej historii w\u0119dr\u00f3wki, wsp\u00f3\u0142cze\u015bnie m\u0142od\u0105 postaci\u0105 kultow\u0105 duchowo\u015bci natury, kt\u00f3ra znalaz\u0142a sw\u00f3j punkt zaczepienia w starym materiale ikonograficznym.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Green Man, oblicze ko\u015bcio\u0142\u00f3w wypluwaj\u0105ce li\u015bcie Green Man jest duchem og\u00f3lnoeuropejskiego przekazu ko\u015bcielnego i obrz\u0119dowego. Li\u015bciowa twarz ko\u015bcio\u0142\u00f3w, interpretowana jako duch wegetacji. DuchEuropa Spis tre\u015bci Green Man Green Man to oblicze utworzone z li\u015bci lub wypluwaj\u0105ce li\u015bcie, kt\u00f3re pojawia si\u0119 w setkach egzemplarzy na \u015bredniowiecznych ko\u015bcio\u0142ach zachodniej Europy. Od 1939 roku motyw nosi dzisiejsz\u0105 nazw\u0119 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":27567,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"green man","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Green Man \u2013 listowe oblicze i duch wegetacji","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Green Man: li\u015bciowa twarz \u015bredniowiecznych ko\u015bcio\u0142\u00f3w i figura majowego obrz\u0119du. Pochodzenie motywu, stan bada\u0144 i wsp\u00f3\u0142czesna interpretacja jako duch wegetacji.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[162,570,157],"class_list":["post-27566","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-duchy","category-europejski","category-kultury"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Green Man \u2013 listowe oblicze i duch wegetacji<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Green Man: li\u015bciowa twarz \u015bredniowiecznych ko\u015bcio\u0142\u00f3w i figura majowego obrz\u0119du. 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