{"id":27456,"date":"2026-07-15T23:20:56","date_gmt":"2026-07-15T23:20:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/basajaun\/"},"modified":"2026-07-20T19:01:04","modified_gmt":"2026-07-20T19:01:04","slug":"basajaun","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/basajaun\/","title":{"rendered":"Basajaun"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"27456\" class=\"elementor elementor-27456 elementor-19400\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Basajaun, kud\u0142aty pan las\u00f3w pirenejskich<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Basajaun jest <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Bezcielesna istota, kt\u00f3rej przypisuje si\u0119 wp\u0142yw na \u015bwiat.\">duchem<\/span> tradycji baskijskiej.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jego gwizd ostrzega pastuch\u00f3w przed burz\u0105 i wilkiem.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Duch: Niematerialna lub p\u00f3\u0142materialna istota, zmarli, istoty natury, duchy domowe lub stra\u017cnicy prog\u00f3w. Dzia\u0142a w codziennym \u017cyciu, cz\u0119sto zwi\u0105zany z miejscami lub rodzinami.\">Duch<\/span><span class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mitologia baskijska z przedchrze\u015bcija\u0144skimi b\u00f3stwami i sanktuariami g\u00f3rskimi.\">Kraj Bask\u00f3w<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSpis tre\u015bci\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-27457\" alt=\"Basajaun, duch baskijskiego przekazu\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_baskenland_basajaun.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Basajaun<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Basajaun, dos\u0142ownie Pan Lasu, jest wielk\u0105 postaci\u0105 dziczy w przekazie baskijskim: wysokim, ca\u0142kowicie ow\u0142osionym str\u00f3\u017cem las\u00f3w i stad. Ostrzega pasterzy przed nadci\u0105gaj\u0105c\u0105 burz\u0105 i wilkami, a jednocze\u015bnie uznawany jest za pierwszego posiadacza d\u00f3br kultury, takich jak zbo\u017ce, m\u0142yn i pi\u0142a.<\/p>\n<p>Po\u015bwiadczony jest w ustnym przekazie Kraju Bask\u00f3w po obu stronach Pirenej\u00f3w, w formie pisanej od 1877 roku; systematyczn\u0105 dokumentacj\u0119 przeprowadzi\u0142 w XX wieku etnograf Jos\u00e9 Miguel de Barandiar\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Na pierwszy rzut oka: Basajaun<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> str\u00f3\u017c dziczy, opiekun stad i prehistoryczny posiadacz kultury<br \/>Pochodzenie: Kraj Bask\u00f3w po obu stronach Pirenej\u00f3w, m.in. Gipuzkoa, Nawarra, las Irati<br \/>Teksty: Websters Basque Legends (1877), etnografia Barandiar\u00e1na z XX wieku<br \/>Okres: przekaz ustny, pisemnie od 1877<br \/>Wygl\u0105d: dziki cz\u0142owiek wzrostu ludzkiego do gigantycznego, ca\u0142kowicie ow\u0142osiony, w\u0142osy na g\u0142owie si\u0119gaj\u0105ce do kolan<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">T\u0142o historyczne<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Okres powstania tekst\u00f3w<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Posta\u0107 nale\u017cy do przekazu ustnego i staje si\u0119 uchwytna w formie pisanej dopiero p\u00f3\u017ano: Wentworth Webster w\u0142\u0105czy\u0142 w 1877 roku kilka opowie\u015bci o Basa-Jaun do swojego zbioru, a Barandiar\u00e1n udokumentowa\u0142 je systematycznie w XX wieku.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zasi\u0119g geograficzny<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kraj Bask\u00f3w po obu stronach Pirenej\u00f3w, szczeg\u00f3lnie Gipuzkoa, Nawarra i doliny p\u00f3\u0142nocnobaskijskie, z o\u015brodkami przekaz\u00f3w wok\u00f3\u0142 Ataun, masywu Gorbea i lasu Irati.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stan \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bogate zbiory legend i ba\u015bni etnograficznych, lecz brak tekst\u00f3w \u015bredniowiecznych; fachowym punktem odniesienia jest precyzyjna, oparta na miejscach i jaskiniach dokumentacja Barandiar\u00e1na.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nazwa i warianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Baskijski:<\/strong> Basajaun, od <em>baso<\/em>, las, i <em>jaun<\/em>, pan: Pan Lasu. Liczba mnoga to <em>Basajaunak<\/em>, \u017ce\u0144ski odpowiednik <em>Basandere<\/em>, kt\u00f3ry w \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142ach wyst\u0119puje rzadziej i pozostaje mniej wyra\u017anie opisany.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Posta\u0107 i \u015brodowisko \u017cycia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Wygl\u0105d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Przekazy opisuj\u0105 Basajauna jako istot\u0119 wzrostu ludzkiego do gigantycznego, ca\u0142e cia\u0142o pokryte w\u0142osami; grzywa opada z przodu do kolan, zas\u0142aniaj\u0105c twarz i klatk\u0119 piersiow\u0105. Jest niezwykle silny i zwinny, przekracza szczeliny skalne w kilku krokach i porusza si\u0119 bezszelestnie przez g\u0119ste zaro\u015bla. Za jego siedziby uwa\u017ca si\u0119 jaskinie i odosobnione wysokog\u00f3rskie lasy. Mimo dzikiego wygl\u0105du zachowuje si\u0119 zazwyczaj wyprostowany, \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 i zgodnie z pewnymi zasadami; nie jest bezforemnym potworem, lecz panem swego terytorium.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dzia\u0142anie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>W centrum przekazu Basajaun jest str\u00f3\u017cem. Kiedy nadci\u0105ga burza lub przez g\u00f3ry przemierza wilcza wataha, wydaje okrzyki i gwizdy, kt\u00f3re ostrzegaj\u0105 pasterzy; gdy owce jakby na dany znak potrz\u0105saj\u0105 dzwonkami, oznacza to jego nadej\u015bcie i pasterze mogli spokojnie zasn\u0105\u0107. Obok tego istniej\u0105 ba\u015bnie, w kt\u00f3rych Basajaun \u015bciga ludzi lub ich pojmuje, a na ko\u0144cu zostaje pokonany dzi\u0119ki przebieg\u0142o\u015bci; tu posta\u0107 ta zbiega si\u0119 z jednookim gigantem Tartalo. Szkody wyrz\u0105dzane z w\u0142asnej inicjatywy osobom pe\u0142nym respektu s\u0105 rzadko przedmiotem opowie\u015bci.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Basajaun<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najwa\u017cniejsze aspekty pana lasu w skr\u00f3cie.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontekst kulturowy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Posta\u0107 dziczy pastoralnego \u015bwiatopogl\u0105du Pirenej\u00f3w; symbolicznie uciele\u015bnia dzicz w jej podw\u00f3jnej postaci, jednocze\u015bnie gro\u017anej i godnej zaufania.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dotyczy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pasterze, w\u0119glarze i mieszka\u0144cy g\u00f3rskich dolin: im dotyczy jego ostrze\u017cenie przed zmian\u0105 pogody i wilkiem, a \u0142\u0105czy go z nimi cichy pok\u00f3j wymiany.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wygl\u0105d<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dziki cz\u0142owiek wzrostu ludzkiego do gigantycznego, ca\u0142kowicie ow\u0142osiony, w\u0142osy na g\u0142owie si\u0119gaj\u0105ce do kolan; silny, zwinny i bezszelestny, zamieszkuj\u0105cy jaskinie i wysokog\u00f3rskie lasy.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funkcja<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ostrzegaj\u0105cy i opiekun stad; w podaniach kulturowych jednocze\u015bnie pierwotny posiadacz pszenicy, m\u0142yna i pi\u0142y, kt\u00f3rych umiej\u0119tno\u015bci ludzie od niego wy\u0142udzili.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Post\u0119powanie<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dystans z respektem i pok\u00f3j wymiany: unikano jego jaski\u0144, pozostawiano mu chleb, mleko lub ser, a w zamian przyjmowano ostrzegawcze okrzyki i nadz\u00f3r nad stadem.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Analogie<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u0142owia\u0144ski Leszy jako stra\u017cnik lasu, japo\u0144ski Tengu jako surowy pan g\u00f3r oraz dziki cz\u0142owiek sztuki \u015bredniowiecznej jako ikonograficzny bli\u017aniak.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Str\u00f3\u017c dziczy i okradziony posiadacz kultury<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>W tre\u015bci przekazu \u0142\u0105cz\u0105 si\u0119 dwa w\u0105tki. Jeden ukazuje p\u0142ochliwego str\u00f3\u017ca dziczy, kt\u00f3ry znA si\u0119 na pogodzie i wilkach oraz pilnuje stad. Drugi czyni z niego prehistorycznego pierwotnego posiadacza kultury: wed\u0142ug znanych opowie\u015bci Basajaunak posiadali najpierw pszenic\u0119, m\u0142yn i pi\u0142\u0119, a\u017c przebieg\u0142y ludowy \u015bwi\u0119ty San Martin Txiki wy\u0142udzi\u0142 od nich te tajemnice, mi\u0119dzy innymi przeskakuj\u0105c w szerokich butach przez kopce zbo\u017ca i unosz\u0105c ziarna w cholewkach.<\/p>\n<p>W formie pisanej posta\u0107 staje si\u0119 uchwytna dopiero p\u00f3\u017ano: Wentworth Webster w\u0142\u0105czy\u0142 w 1877 roku kilka opowie\u015bci o Basa-Jaun do swojego zbioru legend baskijskich, a ksi\u0105dz i etnograf Jos\u00e9 Miguel de Barandiar\u00e1n w XX wieku systematycznie dokumentowa\u0142 podania, odniesienia do miejsc i jaskinie przypisywane Basajaunowi, w tym jaskini\u0119 Muskia w pobli\u017cu Ataun. W podaniach o odej\u015bciu dzikie istoty wraz z post\u0119pem chrze\u015bcija\u0144stwa zanikaj\u0105 z dolin.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mi\u0119dzy postaci\u0105 to\u017csamo\u015bciow\u0105 a legend\u0105 o Bigfoocie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dzi\u015b Basajaun jest odczytywany dwojako. W baskijskiej kultywacji kultury jest postaci\u0105 to\u017csamo\u015bciow\u0105 dla lasu i g\u00f3r, obecn\u0105 w ksi\u0105\u017ckach dla dzieci, na szlakach rze\u017ab i podczas \u015bwi\u0105t. Opr\u00f3cz tego kryptozoologia i kultura internetowa uczyni\u0142y z niego baskijskiego krewnego jeti i Bigfoota; niekiedy kr\u0105\u017cy spekulacja, \u017ce kryje si\u0119 w nim ludowa pami\u0119\u0107 o neandertalczyku. Obie interpretacje nie s\u0105 naukowo uzasadnione, jednak pokazuj\u0105 trwa\u0142\u0105 si\u0142\u0119 przyci\u0105gania tej postaci; fachowym punktem odniesienia pozostaje etnografia Barandiar\u00e1na.<\/p>\n<p>Z perspektywy religioznawczej Basajaun \u0142\u0105czy dwie klasyczne role: pana zwierz\u0105t, nadzoruj\u0105cego dzicz i stada, oraz prehistorycznego posiadacza kultury, kt\u00f3remu ludzki bohater przebieg\u0142o\u015bci wy\u0142udza dobra cywilizacyjne, typ narracyjny maj\u0105cy paralele a\u017c do mitu o Prometeuszu. Wa\u017cne jest przy tym jedno wyja\u015bnienie: poniewa\u017c j\u0119zyk baskijski nie jest j\u0119zykiem indoeuropejskim, posta\u0107 ta bywa ch\u0119tnie interpretowana jako relikt najstarszej religii europejskiej; same motywy s\u0105 jednak rozpowszechnione w ca\u0142ej Europie, dlatego badania zachowuj\u0105 pow\u015bci\u0105gliwo\u015b\u0107 w twierdzeniach dotycz\u0105cych wieku tej postaci. Niezaprzeczalnie zajmuje ona trwa\u0142e miejsce w pastoralnym \u015bwiatopogl\u0105dzie Pirenej\u00f3w.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9a031aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9a031aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9193514 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9193514\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dystans z respektem i pok\u00f3j wymiany<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02ca0ee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02ca0ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp444e0f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp444e0f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nie istnieje wyra\u017ana tradycja obronna, poniewa\u017c Basajaun uwa\u017cany by\u0142 przede wszystkim za str\u00f3\u017ca. Przekazy znaj\u0105 g\u0142\u00f3wnie dystans z respektem: unikano jego jaski\u0144, pozwalano mu dzia\u0142a\u0107 i nie szukano konfrontacji. Obok tego istnieje niewypowiedziany pok\u00f3j wymiany; pasterze pozostawiali mu chleb lub cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 mleka i sera, a w zamian przyjmowali jego okrzyki ostrzegawcze i nadz\u00f3r nad stadem. W ba\u015bniach o zagro\u017ceniu nie ratuje bro\u0144, lecz przebieg\u0142o\u015b\u0107, dzi\u0119ki kt\u00f3rej ludzie wymykaj\u0105 si\u0119 silniejszej istocie. Podania o odej\u015bciu wreszcie pozwalaj\u0105 dzikim istotom ust\u0105pi\u0107 przed dzwonami ko\u015bcielnymi i chrze\u015bcija\u0144skimi znakami; motyw ten m\u00f3wi o ko\u0144cu ich czasu, ale w wierzeniach ludowych rozumiany by\u0142 tak\u017ce jako wiedza ochronna.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp11de5b2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp11de5b2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8d35271 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp8d35271\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dzikie istoty i panowie lasu gdzie indziej<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02f26b8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02f26b8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp58c4390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp58c4390\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ow\u0142osionych str\u00f3\u017c\u00f3w dziczy zna prawie ka\u017cdy region g\u00f3rski. S\u0142owia\u0144ski <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/leshy\/\">Leszy<\/a> dzieli z Basajaunem rol\u0119 stra\u017cnika i zwi\u0105zek ze stadami, samski Stallo posta\u0107 giganta o gro\u017anym rysie, nordycki <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/troll\/\">Troll<\/a> \u017cycie w ska\u0142ach i lesie, z dala od ludzi. Japo\u0144ski <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/tengu\/\">Tengu<\/a>, podobnie jak Basajaun, \u0142\u0105czy dzicz g\u00f3rsk\u0105, wy\u017csz\u0105 wiedz\u0119 i wychowawcz\u0105 surowo\u015b\u0107. <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wilder-mann\/\">Dziki cz\u0142owiek<\/a> ze sztuki \u015bredniowiecznej Europy jest ikonograficznym bli\u017aniakiem tej postaci.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp406577c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp406577c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdd9c543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpdd9c543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Najcz\u0119\u015bciej zadawane pytania o Basajauna<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9e731bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp9e731bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa7c898c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa7c898c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Czy Basajaun jest niebezpieczny?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>W g\u0142\u00f3wnym przekazie nie. Uwa\u017cany jest za str\u00f3\u017ca stad i ostrzegaj\u0105cego pasterzy; gro\u017any staje si\u0119 przede wszystkim w odr\u0119bnej warstwie ba\u015bniowej, kt\u00f3ra zbli\u017ca go do giganta Tartalo. Kto zachowuje dystans i respekt, uznawany jest w podaniach za bezpiecznego.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Co znaczy imi\u0119 Basajaun?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Baso znaczy las, jaun pan: Pan Lasu. Liczba mnoga Basajaunak oznacza dzikie plemi\u0119 jako ca\u0142o\u015b\u0107, Basandere jest jej \u017ce\u0144skim odpowiednikiem.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Czy Basajaun ma co\u015b wsp\u00f3lnego z jeti?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tylko powierzchownie. Ow\u0142osione dzikie istoty to rozpowszechniony na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie typ narracyjny, a nie odkrycie zoologiczne. \u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a baskijskie opisuj\u0105 istot\u0119 legendarn\u0105 o funkcji spo\u0142ecznej w \u017cyciu pasterskim, a nie nieodkrytego naczelnego.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dalsze odsy\u0142acze<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Polecane linki wewn\u0119trzne:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/leshy\/\">Leshy<\/a> \u2013 s\u0142owia\u0144ski pan lasu o podobnej roli stra\u017cnika<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/tengu\/\">Tengu<\/a> \u2013 surowy pan g\u00f3r Japonii<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wilder-mann\/\">Wilder Mann<\/a> \u2013 ikonograficzny bli\u017aniak sztuki europejskiej<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/dzwony-i-dzwonki-jako-glosna-ochrona\/\">Dzwony<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/ochrona-progu-drzwi-okna-i-wejscie-do-domu\/\">Ochrona progu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/amulet\/\">Amulet<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/okadzanie-i-oczyszczanie\/\">Kadzenie<\/a> \u2013 przekazane \u015brodki ochronne<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/kompas-ochronny\/\">Kompas ochronny<\/a> \u2013 przegl\u0105d \u015brodk\u00f3w ochronnych<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (wyb\u00f3r)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Wybrane najwa\u017cniejsze \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a i badania:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Barandiar\u00e1n, Jos\u00e9 Miguel de: <em>Mitolog\u00eda vasca<\/em>. Madrid 1960.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Webster, Wentworth: <em>Basque Legends<\/em>. London 1877.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Caro Baroja, Julio: <em>Los vascos<\/em>. San Sebasti\u00e1n 1949.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/footer><br><p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Wi\u0119cej opracowa\u0144 podstawowych w <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/literatura\/\">bibliografii<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Basajaun pokazuje, jak \u015bci\u015ble pan lasu \u0142\u0105czy baskijsk\u0105 mitologi\u0119 z codziennym \u017cyciem pastuch\u00f3w. Przekaz nazywa Basajaunak dzikimi lud\u017ami, jednak w\u0142a\u015bnie ten dziki pan sprawowa\u0142 najpewniejsz\u0105 wart\u0119 nad stadami i dolinami Pirenej\u00f3w.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Basajaun, kud\u0142aty pan las\u00f3w pirenejskich Basajaun jest duchem tradycji baskijskiej. Jego gwizd ostrzega pastuch\u00f3w przed burz\u0105 i wilkiem. DuchKraj Bask\u00f3w Spis tre\u015bci Basajaun Basajaun, dos\u0142ownie Pan Lasu, jest wielk\u0105 postaci\u0105 dziczy w przekazie baskijskim: wysokim, ca\u0142kowicie ow\u0142osionym str\u00f3\u017cem las\u00f3w i stad. Ostrzega pasterzy przed nadci\u0105gaj\u0105c\u0105 burz\u0105 i wilkami, a jednocze\u015bnie uznawany jest za pierwszego posiadacza [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":27457,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"basajaun","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Basajaun \u2013 pan lasu Bask\u00f3w","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Basajaun, kud\u0142aty pan lasu Bask\u00f3w, ostrzega pastuch\u00f3w przed burz\u0105 i wilkiem. Pochodzenie, motywy poda\u0144 i tradycyjne zwyczaje w skr\u00f3cie.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[561,162,157],"class_list":["post-27456","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-baskijska","category-duchy","category-kultury"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Basajaun \u2013 pan lasu Bask\u00f3w<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Basajaun, kud\u0142aty pan lasu Bask\u00f3w, ostrzega pastuch\u00f3w przed burz\u0105 i wilkiem. 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