{"id":26963,"date":"2026-07-15T09:51:29","date_gmt":"2026-07-15T09:51:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/knocker\/"},"modified":"2026-07-20T17:56:10","modified_gmt":"2026-07-20T17:56:10","slug":"knocker","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/knocker\/","title":{"rendered":"Knocker"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"26963\" class=\"elementor elementor-26963 elementor-19068\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Knocker, ostrzegaj\u0105cy w kopalniach cyny Kornwalii<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Knocker jest <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Bezcielesna istota, kt\u00f3rej przypisuje si\u0119 wp\u0142yw na \u015bwiat.\">duchem<\/span> tradycji celtyckiej Kornwalii.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jego stukanie ostrzega przed zawaleniami i wskazuje bogate z\u0142o\u017ca rudy.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Duch: istota bezcielesna lub p\u00f3\u0142cielesna \u2013 zmarli, istoty przyrody, duchy domowe lub stra\u017cnicy prog\u00f3w. Dzia\u0142a w codziennym \u017cyciu, cz\u0119sto zwi\u0105zana z miejscami lub rodzinami.\">Duch<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/keltycki\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Religia celtycka Europy Zachodniej i Wysp Brytyjskich, przekazana mitologicznie przez teksty irlandzko-walijskie.\">Celtycki<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSpis tre\u015bci\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_keltisch_knocker-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-26964\" alt=\"Knocker, duch stukaj\u0105cy kornwalijskich kopalni\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_keltisch_knocker-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_keltisch_knocker-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_keltisch_knocker-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/geister_keltisch_knocker.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Knocker<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Knocker, zwany tak\u017ce Tommyknocker lub Bucca, jest duchem stukania kopalni cyny i miedzi Kornwalii i Devonu. Jego stukanie ostrzega przed zawaleniami lub wskazuje \u017cy\u0142y bogate w rud\u0119; zwykle pozostaje niewidzialny i mo\u017cna go tylko us\u0142ysze\u0107.<\/p>\n<p>Kornijscy g\u00f3rnicy, zwani Cousin Jacks, przenie\u015bli t\u0119 wier\u0119 od lat 1820. do Ameryki, gdzie istoty te nazywa si\u0119 Tommyknockers. Knocker nie jest odp\u0119dzany, lecz uspokajany: ostatnim kawa\u0142kiem pasztetu i dobrym zachowaniem pod ziemi\u0105.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">W przegl\u0105dzie: Knocker<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> duch stukania kopalni cyny i miedzi<br \/>Pochodzenie: folklor g\u00f3rniczy Kornwalii i Devonu<br \/>Teksty: Hunt, Popular Romances; Briggs, Dictionary of Fairies<br \/>Okres: dokumentowany od XIX wieku<br \/>Wygl\u0105d: ma\u0142a posta\u0107 w miniaturowym stroju g\u00f3rniczym, zwykle jedynie s\u0142yszalna<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontekst przekazu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Okres powstania tekst\u00f3w<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Knocker nale\u017cy do folkloru g\u00f3rniczego i jest dokumentowany od XIX wieku; klasyczne zbiory pochodz\u0105 od Roberta Hunta i Katharine Briggs.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zasi\u0119g geograficzny<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kornwalia i Devon, a tak\u017ce kornijska diaspora w USA: od lat 1820. emigranci przenie\u015bli t\u0119 wier\u0119 do Pensylwanii, Kolorado, Nevady i Kalifornii.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stan \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Stan \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 jest dobry: Robert Hunt udokumentowa\u0142 kornijski przekaz w 1865 roku, Katharine Briggs klasyfikuje go leksykalnie.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nazwa i warianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Angielski\/kornijski:<\/strong> <em>knocker<\/em>, dialektalnie <em>knacker<\/em>, pochodzi od stukania w \u015bciany kopalni, cz\u0119\u015bciowo d\u017awi\u0119kona\u015bladowczo dla samego zjawiska, cz\u0119\u015bciowo rozumiane jako dzia\u0142aj\u0105ca istota. Nazwa boczna <em>Bucca<\/em> jest kornijska i odpowiada walijskiemu <em>Bwca<\/em>, istocie kobo\u0142da lub ducha.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Posta\u0107 i sygna\u0142y stukania<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Wygl\u0105d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Knocker jest ma\u0142\u0105 postaci\u0105 o wzro\u015bcie oko\u0142o sze\u015b\u0107dziesi\u0119ciu centymetr\u00f3w, z du\u017c\u0105 g\u0142ow\u0105, d\u0142ugimi ramionami, pofa\u0142dowan\u0105 sk\u00f3r\u0105 i bia\u0142ymi w\u0142osami zarostu, odzian\u0105 w miniaturowy str\u00f3j g\u00f3rniczy. Zwykle jest niewidzialny i obecny tylko akustycznie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dzia\u0142anie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jego stukanie ostrzega przed zawaleniami, w rzeczywisto\u015bci chodzi o trzeszczenie ska\u0142y i drewna wyrobiskowego przed ust\u0105pieniem, oraz wskazuje \u017cy\u0142y bogate w rud\u0119. Jako ma\u0142y figiel dopuszcza si\u0119 kradzie\u017cy narz\u0119dzi i jedzenia.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Knocker<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najwa\u017cniejsze aspekty kornijskiego ducha stukania w skr\u00f3conej formie.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontekst kulturowy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Duch stukania kopalni cyny i miedzi Kornwalii i Devonu, przeniesiony przez emigrant\u00f3w jako Tommyknocker do ameryka\u0144skiego folkloru g\u00f3rniczego.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Odpowiada za<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>G\u00f3rnicy w podziemiach: Knocker ostrzega przed zawaleniami i wskazuje bogate w rud\u0119 \u017cy\u0142y, wymaga jednak za to respektu.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wygl\u0105d<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ma oko\u0142o sze\u015b\u0107dziesi\u0119ciu centymetr\u00f3w wzrostu, wielk\u0105 g\u0142ow\u0119, d\u0142ugie ramiona, pomarszczon\u0105 sk\u00f3r\u0119 i bia\u0142e w\u0142osy brody, ubrany w miniaturowy str\u00f3j g\u00f3rniczy; najcz\u0119\u015bciej tylko s\u0142yszalny.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funkcja<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ostrze\u017cenie przed zawaleniami i wskazywanie rudy; poza tym drobne psikusy, takie jak kradzie\u017c narz\u0119dzi i jedzenia.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Post\u0119powanie<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ukojenie zamiast odp\u0119dzania: ostatni k\u0105cik pasztetu dla kopalni, a tak\u017ce tabu przeklinania czy gwizdania pod ziemi\u0105.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Odpowiedniki<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Walijskie <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/coblynau\/\">Coblynau<\/a> jako bezpo\u015bredni krewni, niemiecki Kobold, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/brownie\/\">Brownie<\/a> oraz <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/bergmoench\/\">Bergm\u00f6nch<\/a>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Od kornwalijskiej sztolni do Tommyknockera<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nazwa Knocker, w dialekcie knacker, pochodzi od stukania w \u015bciany kopalni, rozumianego cz\u0119\u015bciowo d\u017awi\u0119konapodobczo dla samego zjawiska, cz\u0119\u015bciowo jako dzia\u0142aj\u0105ca istota. Druga nazwa, Bucca, jest kornwalijska i odpowiada walijskiemu Bwca, istocie typu kobold lub duch.<\/p>\n<p>Od lat dwudziestych XIX wieku kornwalijscy g\u00f3rnicy przenie\u015bli t\u0119 wiar\u0119 do ameryka\u0144skich okr\u0119g\u00f3w g\u00f3rniczych Pensylwanii, Kolorado, Nevady i Kalifornii, gdzie istoty te nazywa si\u0119 Tommyknockers; samych migrant\u00f3w nazywano Cousin Jacks. Tak z ducha kornwalijskich kopalni cyny powsta\u0142a posta\u0107 ameryka\u0144skiego folkloru g\u00f3rniczego, wiernie odtwarzaj\u0105ca drog\u0119 swoich nosicieli.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recepcja mi\u0119dzy Kornwali\u0105 a Ameryk\u0105<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Powie\u015b\u0107 Stephena Kinga The Tommyknockers z 1987 roku spopularyzowa\u0142a t\u0119 nazw\u0119, cho\u0107 bez wierno\u015bci folklorystycznej. Poza tym Knocker jest obecny w ameryka\u0144skim folklorze g\u00f3rniczym oraz w kornwalijskiej turystyce kulturowej.<\/p>\n<p>Z perspektywy religioznawczej Knocker jest zazwyczaj istot\u0105 dobrotliw\u0105 i ostrzegaj\u0105c\u0105; niebezpiecze\u0144stwo pojawia si\u0119 tylko w razie braku respektu i utraty jego przychylno\u015bci. Wa\u017cne jest jedno wyja\u015bnienie: interpretacja, wed\u0142ug kt\u00f3rej Knockerzy s\u0105 duchami \u017cydowskich g\u00f3rnik\u00f3w z XI lub XII wieku, jest legend\u0105 ludow\u0105, nie dowodem na rzeczywist\u0105 prac\u0119 \u017cydowskich g\u00f3rnik\u00f3w w Kornwalii, i nale\u017cy przekazywa\u0107 j\u0105 jedynie jako motyw.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9a031aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9a031aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9193514 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9193514\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ukojenie zamiast odp\u0119dzania<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02ca0ee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02ca0ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp444e0f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp444e0f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Przeciw Knockerowi nie pomaga \u017cadna formu\u0142a odp\u0119dzaj\u0105ca, poniewa\u017c nie jest on odp\u0119dzany, lecz ukojony: ostatni k\u0105cik pasztetu, pasty, wrzucano do kopalni. Przeklinanie i gwizdanie pod ziemi\u0105 uwa\u017cano za tabu, gdy\u017c z\u0142o\u015bci to Knocker\u00f3w; czy to tabu gwizdania odnosi si\u0119 szczeg\u00f3lnie do Knocker\u00f3w, czy jest og\u00f3lniejszym przes\u0105dem g\u00f3rniczym, pozostaje jednak niepewne.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp11de5b2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp11de5b2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8d35271 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp8d35271\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Coblynau, Brownie i Bergm\u00f6nch<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02f26b8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02f26b8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp58c4390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp58c4390\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Knocker stoi obok walijskich <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/coblynau\/\">Coblynau<\/a>, z kt\u00f3rymi jest bezpo\u015brednio spokrewniony, niemieckiego Kobolda i szkockiego <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/brownie\/\">Browniego<\/a>, a tak\u017ce duch\u00f3w stukaj\u0105cych w og\u00f3le. W niemieckim g\u00f3rnictwie odpowiada mu <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/bergmoench\/\">Bergm\u00f6nch<\/a> jako typ olbrzyma: ten sam \u015bwiat kopalni, ale zupe\u0142nie inny format.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp406577c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp406577c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdd9c543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpdd9c543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Najcz\u0119stsze pytania o Knockera<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9e731bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp9e731bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa7c898c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa7c898c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Kim jest Knocker?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Duch stukaj\u0105cy kornwalijskich kopalni cyny, kt\u00f3rego stukanie ostrzega przed zawaleniami i wskazuje rud\u0119.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kim jest Tommyknocker?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Knocker w kornwalijskiej diasporze w USA, przywieziony tam przez Cousin Jacks.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jak go ukoi\u0107?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Poprzez wrzucenie mu do kopalni ostatniego k\u0105cika pasztetu oraz unikanie przeklinania i gwizdania pod ziemi\u0105.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dalsze odsy\u0142acze<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Polecane linki wewn\u0119trzne:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/keltycki\/\">Celtycki<\/a> \u2013 wszystkie istoty tradycji celtyckiej<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/coblynau\/\">Coblynau<\/a> \u2013 walijscy krewni Knockera<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/brownie\/\">Brownie<\/a> \u2013 pomocny duch domowy Wysp Brytyjskich<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/amulet\/\">Amulet<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/sol-jako-ochrona\/\">s\u00f3l<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/swieca-ochronna\/\">\u015bwieca ochronna<\/a> \u2013 tradycyjne \u015brodki ochronne<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/kompas-ochronny\/\">Kompas ochronny<\/a> \u2013 przegl\u0105d \u015brodk\u00f3w ochronnych<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (wyb\u00f3r)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Wyb\u00f3r najwa\u017cniejszych \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 i bada\u0144:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Hunt, Robert: <em>Popular Romances of the West of England<\/em>. London 1865.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Briggs, Katharine: <em>A Dictionary of Fairies<\/em>. London 1976.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/footer><br><p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Wi\u0119cej standardowych dzie\u0142 w <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/literatura\/\">wykazie literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jako kornwalijski duch kopalni i duch stukaj\u0105cy kopalni cyny, Knocker \u0142\u0105czy ostrze\u017cenie z dobr\u0105 wol\u0105: kto zostawi mu ostatni k\u0105cik pasztetu, ma pod ziemi\u0105 sprzymierze\u0144ca.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Knocker, ostrzegaj\u0105cy w kopalniach cyny Kornwalii Knocker jest duchem tradycji celtyckiej Kornwalii. Jego stukanie ostrzega przed zawaleniami i wskazuje bogate z\u0142o\u017ca rudy. DuchCeltycki Spis tre\u015bci Knocker Knocker, zwany tak\u017ce Tommyknocker lub Bucca, jest duchem stukania kopalni cyny i miedzi Kornwalii i Devonu. Jego stukanie ostrzega przed zawaleniami lub wskazuje \u017cy\u0142y bogate w rud\u0119; zwykle pozostaje [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":26964,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"knocker","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Knocker \u2013 duch stukania z kornijskich kopalni","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Knocker, duch stukania z kornijskich kopalni cyny. Pochodzenie, ostrzegaj\u0105ce stukanie i klasyfikacja religioznawcza w przegl\u0105dzie.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[162,173,157],"class_list":["post-26963","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-duchy","category-keltycki","category-kultury"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Knocker \u2013 duch stukania z kornijskich kopalni<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Knocker, duch stukania z kornijskich kopalni cyny. 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