{"id":21059,"date":"2026-07-16T10:33:03","date_gmt":"2026-07-16T10:33:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/drud\/"},"modified":"2026-07-17T12:11:53","modified_gmt":"2026-07-17T12:11:53","slug":"drud","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/","title":{"rendered":"Drud"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"21059\" class=\"elementor elementor-21059 elementor-20482\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Drud, bawarski nocny koszmar z Oberpfalz<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Drud jest <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Istota duchowa, kt\u00f3rej przypisuje si\u0119 szkodliwe lub dwuznaczne dzia\u0142anie.\">demonem<\/span> tradycji alpejskiej.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nocny demon gniotu, kt\u00f3ry przygniata \u015bpi\u0105cych do klatki piersiowej.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Demon \/ demonica: istota nadprzyrodzona o przewa\u017cnie szkodliwym lub ambiwalentnym dzia\u0142aniu. Stoi mi\u0119dzy bogami i lud\u017ami, powoduje choroby, kuszenie lub nieszcz\u0119\u015bcie, a odpiera si\u0119 j\u0105 poprzez zakl\u0119cia, amulety apotropaiczne i rytua\u0142y.\">Demon<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/alpin\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"\u015awiat poda\u0144 regionu alpejskiego: Bawarii, Austrii, Szwajcarii i Po\u0142udniowego Tyrolu, od duch\u00f3w pastwisk g\u00f3rskich do postaci nocy przesileniowych.\">Region alpejski<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSpis tre\u015bci\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"682\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_drud-682x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-21060\" alt=\"Drud - demony z tradycji alpejskiej, ilustracja historyczna\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_drud-682x1024.webp 682w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_drud-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_drud-768x1154.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_drud.webp 1023w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 682px) 100vw, 682px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Drud<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Drud jest mroczn\u0105 postaci\u0105 bawarskich poda\u0144, kt\u00f3ra swoje niecne sprawki prowadzi przede wszystkim noc\u0105. Jako ma\u0142a, brzydka posta\u0107 zmory domowej lub nocnej siada na klatce piersiowej \u015bpi\u0105cych, utrudnia oddychanie i sprowadza ci\u0119\u017ckie koszmary.<\/p>\n<p>Wiara w ni\u0105 by\u0142a w G\u00f3rnym Palatynacie i w Starej Bawarii tak powszechna, \u017ce rzadko kt\u00f3ra wie\u015b obywa\u0142a si\u0119 bez kobiety uznawanej za Drud; obfit\u0105 dokumentacj\u0119 pisan\u0105 posiada w XIX wieku u Sch\u00f6nwertha i Panzera.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Na pierwszy rzut oka: Drud<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> demon nocnej zmory, przygniataj\u0105cy \u015bpi\u0105cych<br \/>Pochodzenie: Bawaria, przede wszystkim G\u00f3rny Palatynat i Stara Bawaria, z odga\u0142\u0119zieniami do Austrii<br \/>Teksty: obszerne ludoznawcze zbiory materia\u0142\u00f3w z XIX wieku (Sch\u00f6nwerth, Panzer), Handw\u00f6rterbuch des deutschen Aberglaubens<br \/>Okres: przekaz ustny od \u015bredniowiecza, obfita dokumentacja pisana w XIX wieku<br \/>Wyobra\u017cenie: noc\u0105 w\u0119druj\u0105ca istota bez cia\u0142a, kt\u00f3ra mo\u017ce przybra\u0107 form\u0119 kota, czarnego psa, s\u0142omki lub starej kobiety<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontekst przekazu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Okres powstania tekst\u00f3w<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Przekazywana ustnie od \u015bredniowiecza, obfita dokumentacja pisana w XIX wieku przez Franza Xavera von Sch\u00f6nwertha (1857\/58\/59) i Friedricha Panzera (1848\/1855).<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zasi\u0119g geograficzny<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bawaria, przede wszystkim G\u00f3rny Palatynat i Stara Bawaria, z odga\u0142\u0119zieniami do Austrii.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stan \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Obszerne ludoznawcze zbiory materia\u0142\u00f3w z XIX wieku, opracowane systematycznie w Handw\u00f6rterbuch des deutschen Aberglaubens.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nazwa i warianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u015aredniog\u00f3rnoniemiecki:<\/strong> S\u0142owo Drud wywodzi si\u0119 od trute, trut, spokrewnionego z czasownikiem treten (depta\u0107), oznaczaj\u0105cego przygniatanie, przydeptywanie \u015bpi\u0105cego.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zmienno\u015b\u0107 postaci i dzia\u0142anie<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Wyobra\u017cenie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kiedy Drud wyrusza w drog\u0119, wed\u0142ug wierze\u0144 ludowych wcze\u015bniej zrzuca swoje cia\u0142o i przez to mo\u017ce przenika\u0107 przez najmniejsze szczeliny, dziurki od kluczy czy otwory przewietrzaj\u0105ce w oknach. Przybiera przy tym najr\u00f3\u017cniejsze postacie, na przyk\u0142ad s\u0142omki, g\u0119siego pi\u00f3ra, chrustu z brzozy lub grochu, najcz\u0119\u015bciej jednak czarnej kotki, czarnego psa lub brzydkiej, starej kobiety. Drud w ludzkiej postaci ma by\u0107 rozpoznawalna po p\u0119katych, szerokich r\u0119kach oraz po tym, \u017ce jej brwi stykaj\u0105 si\u0119 nad nosem.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dzia\u0142anie<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Drud uznawana jest w bawarskim przekazie za ducha nie\u017cyczliwego: rzuca urok na to, co jej nie odpowiada, i to dzia\u0142anie do dzi\u015b przypomina nazwa Drudenfu\u00df, czyli znaku ochronnego. Drud przychodzi noc\u0105, mi\u0119dzy oko\u0142o dziewi\u0105t\u0105 i dwunast\u0105, zawsze przed wschodem ksi\u0119\u017cyca, a raz zacz\u0119te przygniatanie trwa zwykle dziewi\u0119\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105cych po sobie nocy. Szczeg\u00f3lnie lubi nawiedza\u0107 kobiety w po\u0142ogu, kt\u00f3re nie le\u017c\u0105 w \u0142\u00f3\u017cku z baldachimem i zas\u0142oni\u0119t\u0105 zas\u0142onk\u0105, oraz noworodki, kt\u00f3rych piersi wysysa, a\u017c te nap\u0119czniejsze.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Drud<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najwa\u017cniejsze informacje o bawarskiej zmorze nocnej w skr\u00f3cie.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tradycja<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bawarsko-alpejska zmora nocna, w G\u00f3rnym Palatynacie \u015bci\u015ble powi\u0105zana z wiar\u0105 w czarownice i obfit\u0105 dokumentacj\u0105 u Sch\u00f6nwertha i Panzera.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dotyczy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u015api\u0105cy ludzie wszelkiego rodzaju, zw\u0142aszcza kobiety w po\u0142ogu i noworodki; zast\u0119pczo tak\u017ce kury, owce i g\u0119si w stajni.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wygl\u0105d<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najcz\u0119\u015bciej czarna kotka, czarny pies lub brzydka stara kobieta o p\u0119katych r\u0119kach i zro\u015bni\u0119tych brwiach.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Funkcja<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nocne przygniatanie i duszno\u015b\u0107, w G\u00f3rnym Palatynacie jednocze\u015bnie wzorzec wyja\u015bniaj\u0105cy doznane nieszcz\u0119\u015bcia czarownicze.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Formy ochrony<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Drudenfu\u00df na progu drzwi, odwr\u00f3cona miot\u0142a, n\u00f3\u017c wetkni\u0119ty w drzwi oraz s\u00f3l, czosnek i amulety.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Odr\u00f3\u017cnienie<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ponadregionalny <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/alp\/\">Alp<\/a> jako szerzej rozpowszechniona nazwa tego samego wyobra\u017cenia zmory nocnej; od niego Drud odr\u00f3\u017cnia zakorzenienie w Bawarii i bliski zwi\u0105zek z wiar\u0105 w czarownice.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Od b\u0142\u0119du przy chrzcie do zlania si\u0119 z czarownic\u0105<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u0142owo Drud wywodzi si\u0119 od \u015bredniog\u00f3rnoniemieckiego trute, trut, spokrewnionego z czasownikiem treten (depta\u0107), oznaczaj\u0105cego przygniatanie, przydeptywanie \u015bpi\u0105cego. Wed\u0142ug wierze\u0144 ludowych G\u00f3rnego Palatynatu, tak jak spisa\u0142 je Franz Xaver von Sch\u00f6nwerth w swoim zbiorze Aus der Oberpfalz, Drud to w rzeczywisto\u015bci ludzie, przy chrzcie kt\u00f3rych zaszed\u0142 b\u0142\u0105d; osoby te musz\u0105 p\u00f3\u017aniej, cz\u0119sto wbrew w\u0142asnej woli, noc\u0105 przygniata\u0107 \u017cywe istoty. Sch\u00f6nwerth zapisuje, \u017ce w okolicach Rodingu za Drud uznawano stare, wychudzone kobiety z zmierzwionymi w\u0142osami i \u017ce tam poj\u0119cie Drud zmiesza\u0142o si\u0119 z poj\u0119ciem czarownicy.<\/p>\n<p>Za tzw. Druderer mogli uchodzi\u0107 tak\u017ce m\u0119\u017cczy\u017ani, kt\u00f3rzy dodatkowo jako Breitensteiger mogli wspina\u0107 si\u0119 po dachach i murach. Friedrich Panzer zebra\u0142 w swoim dziele Bayerische Sagen und Br\u00e4uche liczne powi\u0105zane przekazy z ca\u0142ej Starej Bawarii. Handw\u00f6rterbuch des deutschen Aberglaubens zalicza Drud do szerzej rozpowszechnionego wyobra\u017cenia przydusi nocnej, kt\u00f3re w obszarze szwabsko-alema\u0144skim wyst\u0119puje jako Schr\u00e4ttele; regionalnie Drud jest te\u017c rozumiana jako samodzielna posta\u0107 zmory nocnej, wyst\u0119puj\u0105ca obok, a nie zamiast Alpa.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Drudenfu\u00df jako samodzielny symbol<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Drudenfu\u00df jako znak ochronny przed Drud w znacznym stopniu oderwa\u0142 si\u0119 od swojej postaci pierwotnej jako samodzielny symbol i do dzi\u015b u\u017cywany jest jako synonim pentagramu, niezale\u017cnie od bawarskiego kr\u0119gu poda\u0144. Sama Drud pozosta\u0142a regionalnie silniej zakorzeniona ni\u017c Alp i \u017cyje dalej w bawarskich dialektalnych zwrotach, takich jak druckt mi wie a Drud, kt\u00f3rymi opisuje si\u0119 przyt\u0142aczaj\u0105ce uczucie.<\/p>\n<p>Z religioznawczego punktu widzenia Drud nale\u017cy do wzorc\u00f3w wyja\u015bniaj\u0105cych, za pomoc\u0105 kt\u00f3rych spo\u0142eczno\u015bci przednowoczesne interpretowa\u0142y fizycznie rzeczywiste, lecz niepokoj\u0105ce zjawisko parali\u017cu sennego. \u015acis\u0142e powi\u0105zanie z wiar\u0105 w czarownice, widoczne w zr\u00f3wnaniu Drud i czarownicy w cz\u0119\u015bci G\u00f3rnego Palatynatu, pokazuje, jak z pierwotnie losowej postaci na marginesie, samej b\u0119d\u0105cej ofiar\u0105 b\u0142\u0119du przy chrzcie, w toku wczesnonowo\u017cytnych prze\u015bladowa\u0144 mog\u0142a powsta\u0107 sprawczyni dzia\u0142aj\u0105ca w spos\u00f3b obci\u0105\u017cony win\u0105. Bogaty zbi\u00f3r konkretnych praktyk obronnych, od Drudenfu\u00df po bochenek chleba, sprawia, \u017ce Drud jest jednym z najlepiej dokumentowanych przyk\u0142ad\u00f3w codziennej apotropaiki na obszarze bawarskim.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9a031aa e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9a031aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9193514 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9193514\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Drudenfu\u00df, bochenek chleba i inne \u015brodki ochronne<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02ca0ee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02ca0ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp444e0f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp444e0f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Wobec przygniatania przez Drud wierzenia ludowe zna\u0142y wiele \u015brodk\u00f3w. Za najwa\u017cniejszy i do dzi\u015b najbardziej znany znak uznawano Drudenfu\u00df, pentagram rysowany na drzwiach lub progu, kt\u00f3ry mia\u0142 rzekomo uniemo\u017cliwia\u0107 Drud wej\u015bcie, poniewa\u017c musia\u0142a ona zliczy\u0107 wszystkie jego linie; podobnie rozpowszechnione by\u0142o spokrewnione z nim Drudenkreuz. Tak\u017ce miot\u0142a oparta odwrotnie o drzwi izby, n\u00f3\u017c wbity w drzwi ostrzem do g\u00f3ry lub bochenek chleba po\u0142o\u017cony na twarzy mia\u0142y odstrasza\u0107 Drud. Do innych przekazanych \u015brodk\u00f3w nale\u017c\u0105 kadzid\u0142o, modlitwy, s\u00f3l, czosnek, noszony kamie\u0144 ochronny lub amulet, zamawianie chor\u00f3b oraz wzywanie anio\u0142a str\u00f3\u017ca. Jako amulet do noszenia s\u0142u\u017cy\u0142y r\u00f3wnie\u017c tak zwane Drudensteine, kamyki z naturalnym otworem, kt\u00f3re zawieszano przy \u0142\u00f3\u017cku lub w stajni.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp11de5b2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp11de5b2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8d35271 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp8d35271\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Por\u00f3wnanie postaci zmory nocnej<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp02f26b8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp02f26b8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp58c4390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp58c4390\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Drud nale\u017cy do szeroko rozpowszechnionej rodziny demon\u00f3w zmory nocnej, kt\u00f3re ludowo wyja\u015bniaj\u0105 zjawisko parali\u017cu sennego. W obszarze szwabsko-alema\u0144skim odpowiada jej <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/toggeli\/\">Toggeli<\/a>, spokrewnione ze znanym r\u00f3wnocze\u015bnie w Bawarii i Austrii <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/alp\/\">Alpem<\/a>, kt\u00f3ry r\u00f3wnie\u017c noc\u0105 siada na klatce piersiowej \u015bpi\u0105cych. Na obszarze nordyckim i s\u0142owia\u0144skim strukturalnie podobna posta\u0107 wyst\u0119puje jako <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/mara\/\">Mara<\/a>, od kt\u00f3rej pochodzi te\u017c angielskie s\u0142owo nightmare. <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/schrat\/\">Schrat<\/a> dzieli z Drud zdolno\u015b\u0107 zmiany postaci i nocn\u0105 aktywno\u015b\u0107, wyst\u0119puje jednak raczej jako duch le\u015bny i domowy ni\u017c jako czysta zmora nocna. W przeciwie\u0144stwie do Toggeli, Drud jest zakorzeniona przede wszystkim w Bawarii i \u015bci\u015ble zros\u0142a si\u0119 z wiar\u0105 w czarownice G\u00f3rnego Palatynatu.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp406577c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp406577c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpdd9c543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpdd9c543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Najcz\u0119\u015bciej zadawane pytania o Drud<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9e731bb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp9e731bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa7c898c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpa7c898c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Jaka jest r\u00f3\u017cnica mi\u0119dzy Drud i Alpem?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Obie postacie opisuj\u0105 ten sam podstawowy proces, nocne przygniatanie \u015bpi\u0105cych, jednak Drud jest regionalnie silniej zakorzeniona w Bawarii i Austrii i tam cz\u0119sto zros\u0142a si\u0119 z wiar\u0105 w czarownice. Alp uznawany jest za szerzej rozpowszechnion\u0105, ponadregionaln\u0105 nazw\u0119 tego samego wyobra\u017cenia zmory nocnej.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dlaczego Drudenfu\u00df uznawany jest za znak ochronny?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Wed\u0142ug wierze\u0144 ludowych Drud, gdy zobaczy pentagram, musi przymusowo zlicza\u0107 jego linie i nie znajduje przy tym ko\u0144ca, przez co zostaje powstrzymana od wej\u015bcia. Znak umieszczano wi\u0119c na drzwiach, w stajniach i przy ko\u0142yskach.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Czy mo\u017cna samemu sta\u0107 si\u0119 Drud?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Wed\u0142ug wierze\u0144 G\u00f3rnego Palatynatu nikt nie stawa\u0142 si\u0119 Drud z w\u0142asnej winy, lecz przez b\u0142\u0105d pope\u0142niony przy chrzcie lub przez cudz\u0105 z\u0142o\u015b\u0107. Przekaz zna\u0142 wi\u0119c r\u00f3wnie\u017c sposoby na uwolnienie kogo\u015b od tego przekle\u0144stwa.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dalsze odsy\u0142acze<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Polecane linki wewn\u0119trzne:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/alpin\/\">Region alpejski<\/a> \u2013 wszystkie istoty alpejskiego \u015bwiata poda\u0144<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/alp\/\">Alp<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/mara\/\">Mara<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/schrat\/\">Schrat<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/toggeli\/\">Toggeli<\/a> \u2013 powi\u0105zane postacie zmory nocnej<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drudenfuss-i-pentagram\/\">Drudenfu\u00df<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/amulet\/\">Amulet<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/sol-jako-ochrona\/\">S\u00f3l<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/besprechen\/\">Zamawianie (odmawianie)<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wzywanie-aniola-stroza\/\">Przywo\u0142ywanie anio\u0142a str\u00f3\u017ca<\/a> \u2013 przekazane formy ochrony<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/kompas-ochronny\/\">Kompas ochronny<\/a> \u2013 \u015brodki ochronne w przegl\u0105dzie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura (wyb\u00f3r)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\">Wyb\u00f3r najwa\u017cniejszych \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 i bada\u0144:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Sch\u00f6nwerth, Franz Xaver von: <em>Aus der Oberpfalz. Sitten und Sagen<\/em>, Band 1, Kapitel \u201eDie Drud&#8221;. Augsburg 1857\/58\/59.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Panzer, Friedrich: <em>Bayerische Sagen und Br\u00e4uche. Beitrag zur deutschen Mythologie<\/em>, 2 B\u00e4nde. M\u00fcnchen 1848\/1855.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">B\u00e4chtold-St\u00e4ubli, Hanns \/ Hoffmann-Krayer, Eduard (Hg.): <em>Handw\u00f6rterbuch des deutschen Aberglaubens<\/em>, Artikel \u201eDrude&#8221;. Berlin\/Leipzig 1927\u20131942.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Petzoldt, Leander: <em>Kleines Lexikon der D\u00e4monen und Elementargeister<\/em>. M\u00fcnchen 1990.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/footer><br><p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet=\"\">Wi\u0119cej podstawowych dzie\u0142 w <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/literatura\/\">spisie literatury<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgkw2-add-hulijing-t\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jako Drud przemierza ona bawarski gwar j\u0119zykowy do dzi\u015b, a symbol Drudenfu\u00df chroni\u0105cy progi drzwi i ko\u0142yski przypomina, jak konkretnie broni\u0142 si\u0119 kiedy\u015b cz\u0142owiek przed jej nocnym duszeniem.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Drud, bawarski nocny koszmar z Oberpfalz Drud jest demonem tradycji alpejskiej. Nocny demon gniotu, kt\u00f3ry przygniata \u015bpi\u0105cych do klatki piersiowej. DemonRegion alpejski Spis tre\u015bci Drud Drud jest mroczn\u0105 postaci\u0105 bawarskich poda\u0144, kt\u00f3ra swoje niecne sprawki prowadzi przede wszystkim noc\u0105. Jako ma\u0142a, brzydka posta\u0107 zmory domowej lub nocnej siada na klatce piersiowej \u015bpi\u0105cych, utrudnia oddychanie i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":21060,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"drud","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Drud \u2013 nocny koszmar bawarskich Alp","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Drud: bawarsko-alpejski nocny koszmar, kt\u00f3ry przygniata \u015bpi\u0105cych. Pochodzenie, Drudenfu\u00df i przekazane \u015brodki ochronne przed nocnym gniotem.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[312,158,157],"class_list":["post-21059","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alpejski","category-demony","category-kultury"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Drud \u2013 nocny koszmar bawarskich Alp<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Drud: bawarsko-alpejski nocny koszmar, kt\u00f3ry przygniata \u015bpi\u0105cych. Pochodzenie, Drudenfu\u00df i przekazane \u015brodki ochronne przed nocnym gniotem.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Drud\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Drud: bawarsko-alpejski nocny koszmar, kt\u00f3ry przygniata \u015bpi\u0105cych. Pochodzenie, Drudenfu\u00df i przekazane \u015brodki ochronne przed nocnym gniotem.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-17T12:11:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_drud.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1023\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1537\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"8 minut\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/drud\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/drud\\\/\",\"name\":\"Drud \u2013 nocny koszmar bawarskich Alp\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/drud\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/drud\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/daemonen_alpin_drud.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-16T10:33:03+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-17T12:11:53+00:00\",\"description\":\"Drud: bawarsko-alpejski nocny koszmar, kt\u00f3ry przygniata \u015bpi\u0105cych. Pochodzenie, Drudenfu\u00df i przekazane \u015brodki ochronne przed nocnym gniotem.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/drud\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/drud\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/drud\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/daemonen_alpin_drud.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/daemonen_alpin_drud.webp\",\"width\":1023,\"height\":1537,\"caption\":\"Drud - demony z tradycji alpejskiej, ilustracja historyczna\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/drud\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/strona-glowna\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Drud\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/drud\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/drud\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Drud\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-16T10:33:03+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-17T12:11:53+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/drud\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1565,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/drud\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/daemonen_alpin_drud.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"Alpejski\",\"Demony\",\"Kultury\"],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"description\":\"Drud: bawarsko-alpejski nocny koszmar, kt\u00f3ry przygniata \u015bpi\u0105cych. Pochodzenie, Drudenfu\u00df i przekazane \u015brodki ochronne przed nocnym gniotem.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Drud \u2013 nocny koszmar bawarskich Alp","description":"Drud: bawarsko-alpejski nocny koszmar, kt\u00f3ry przygniata \u015bpi\u0105cych. Pochodzenie, Drudenfu\u00df i przekazane \u015brodki ochronne przed nocnym gniotem.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/","og_locale":"pl_PL","og_type":"article","og_title":"Drud","og_description":"Drud: bawarsko-alpejski nocny koszmar, kt\u00f3ry przygniata \u015bpi\u0105cych. Pochodzenie, Drudenfu\u00df i przekazane \u015brodki ochronne przed nocnym gniotem.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-07-17T12:11:53+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1023,"height":1537,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_drud.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Szacowany czas czytania":"8 minut"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Drud","datePublished":"2026-07-16T10:33:03+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-17T12:11:53+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/"},"wordCount":1565,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_drud.webp","articleSection":["Alpejski","Demony","Kultury"],"inLanguage":"pl-PL","description":"Drud: bawarsko-alpejski nocny koszmar, kt\u00f3ry przygniata \u015bpi\u0105cych. Pochodzenie, Drudenfu\u00df i przekazane \u015brodki ochronne przed nocnym gniotem."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/","name":"Drud \u2013 nocny koszmar bawarskich Alp","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_drud.webp","datePublished":"2026-07-16T10:33:03+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-17T12:11:53+00:00","description":"Drud: bawarsko-alpejski nocny koszmar, kt\u00f3ry przygniata \u015bpi\u0105cych. Pochodzenie, Drudenfu\u00df i przekazane \u015brodki ochronne przed nocnym gniotem.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pl-PL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_drud.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_drud.webp","width":1023,"height":1537,"caption":"Drud - demony z tradycji alpejskiej, ilustracja historyczna"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/strona-glowna\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Drud"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pl-PL"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Drud","datePublished":"2026-07-16T10:33:03+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-17T12:11:53+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/"},"wordCount":1565,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/drud\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/daemonen_alpin_drud.webp","articleSection":["Alpejski","Demony","Kultury"],"inLanguage":"pl-PL","description":"Drud: bawarsko-alpejski nocny koszmar, kt\u00f3ry przygniata \u015bpi\u0105cych. Pochodzenie, Drudenfu\u00df i przekazane \u015brodki ochronne przed nocnym gniotem."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21059","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21059"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21059\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21061,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21059\/revisions\/21061"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21060"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21059"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21059"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}