{"id":16188,"date":"2026-04-27T10:36:48","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T10:36:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/tsukuyomi-2\/"},"modified":"2026-06-19T06:03:29","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T06:03:29","slug":"tsukuyomi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/tsukuyomi\/","title":{"rendered":"Tsukuyomi"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"16188\" class=\"elementor elementor-16188 elementor-2083 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tsukuyomi \u2013 b\u00f3g tradycji japo\u0144skiej<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tsukuyomi jest bogiem japa\u0144skiej tradycji.<\/p><p><strong>B\u00f3g ksi\u0119\u017cyca, milcz\u0105ca si\u0142a nocnego nieba, wieczna roz\u0142\u0105ka.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"B\u00f3g \/ Bogini: Uosobiona najwy\u017csza moc w panteonie danej kultury, o wyra\u017anie okre\u015blonych kompetencjach: si\u0142y natury, przeznaczenie, wojna, p\u0142odno\u015b\u0107. Czczony poprzez kulty, ofiary i instytucje \u015bwi\u0105tynne.\">B\u00f3g<\/span><a href=\"\/pl\/japonia\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Japo\u0144skie shint\u014d-kami oraz buddyjsko-yokai-\u015bwiaty.\">Japonia<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSpis tre\u015bci\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_japan_tsukuyomi-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1606\" alt=\"Tsukuyomi - G\u00f6tter aus der Japan-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_japan_tsukuyomi-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_japan_tsukuyomi-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_japan_tsukuyomi-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_japan_tsukuyomi.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tsukuyomi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kr\u00f3tki profil: Tsukuyomi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> Japo\u0144skie b\u00f3stwo g\u0142\u00f3wne (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Rdzenna religia Japonii, ukszta\u0142towana przez cze\u015b\u0107 oddawan\u0105 kami.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shinto<\/span>), b\u00f3g ksi\u0119\u017cyca<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 bog\u00f3w danej religii lub kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">Panteon<\/span>: <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Rdzenna religia Japonii, ukszta\u0142towana przez cze\u015b\u0107 oddawan\u0105 kami.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shinto<\/span><br>Funkcja: ksi\u0119\u017cyc, nocne niebo, bieg czasu<br>G\u0142\u00f3wne atrybuty: tarcza ksi\u0119\u017cyca, czarna szata dworska<br>G\u0142\u00f3wne miejsca kultu: Tsukiyomi-no-Miya w Ise (przynale\u017cne do Naiku), \u015bwi\u0105tynie Tsukuyomi w Kioto i Yamashiro<br>Rodze\u0144stwo: Amaterasu (s\u0142o\u0144ce, siostra), Susano-o (burza, brat)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Klasyfikacja historyczna<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Okres powstania tekst\u00f3w<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tsukuyomi (jap. <em>Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto<\/em>, \u201eWznios\u0142y Czytaj\u0105cy Ksi\u0119\u017cyc&#8221;) jest po\u015bwiadczony literacko od VIII w. n.e. w <em>Kojiki<\/em> (712) i w <em>Nihon shoki<\/em> (720).<\/p><p>W odr\u00f3\u017cnieniu od swej siostry Amaterasu jest b\u00f3stwem stosunkowo marginalnym; po centralnym konflikcie \u2013<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Istota czczona jako boska w obr\u0119bie danej religii.\" tabindex=\"0\">micie<\/span> (zabija Ukemochi, bogini\u0119 po\u017cywienia), Amaterasu odwraca si\u0119 od niego i nigdy wi\u0119cej go nie widzi, co stanowi mitologiczne wyja\u015bnienie tego, \u017ce s\u0142o\u0144ce i ksi\u0119\u017cyc nie stoj\u0105 razem na niebie.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazywana tradycj\u0105 opowie\u015b\u0107 o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">micie<\/span> (zabija Ukemochi, bogini\u0119 po\u017cywienia), Amaterasu odwraca si\u0119 od niego i nigdy wi\u0119cej go nie widzi \u2013 mitologiczne wyja\u015bnienie tego, \u017ce s\u0142o\u0144ce i ksi\u0119\u017cyc nie pojawiaj\u0105 si\u0119 r\u00f3wnocze\u015bnie na niebie.<\/p><p>Okres rozkwitu jego kultu pozostaje umiarkowany; we wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnym <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Rdzenna religia Japonii, ukszta\u0142towana przez cze\u015b\u0107 oddawan\u0105 kami.\" tabindex=\"0\">shint\u014d<\/span> jest kami peryferyjnym, lecz obecnym.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"W japo\u0144skim shint\u014d: czczone istoty duchowe i boskie moce.\" tabindex=\"0\">Kami<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zasi\u0119g geograficzny<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>G\u0142\u00f3wne miejsca kultu: <strong>Tsukiyomi-no-Miya<\/strong> w obr\u0119bie kompleksu \u015bwi\u0105tynnego Ise (przyporz\u0105dkowany do Naiku, wewn\u0119trznego <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ma\u0142e, \u015bwi\u0119te miejsce przechowywania przedmiot\u00f3w kultu lub modlitwy.\" tabindex=\"0\">sanktuarium<\/span> Amaterasu \u2013 symbolicznie rodze\u0144stwo nie porozumiewa si\u0119 bezpo\u015brednio). Ponadto \u015bwi\u0105tynie Tsukuyomi w Kioto i na terenie dawnej prefektury Yamashiro. Kult Tsukuyomi w ka\u017cdej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u015awi\u0119te miejsce po\u015bwi\u0119cone czci b\u00f3stwa.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015bwi\u0105tyni<\/span> shint\u014d wyspecjalizowanej w aspektach ksi\u0119\u017cyca (stosunkowo rzadko).<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Rdzenna religia Japonii, ukszta\u0142towana przez cze\u015b\u0107 oddawan\u0105 kami.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shinto<\/span>&#8211;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ma\u0142e, \u015bwi\u0119te miejsce przechowywania przedmiot\u00f3w kultu lub modlitwy.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015bwi\u0105tyni<\/span> shint\u014d wyspecjalizowanej w aspektach ksi\u0119\u017cyca (stosunkowo rzadko).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stan \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>G\u0142\u00f3wne \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a: <em>Kojiki<\/em> (Ksi\u0119ga I), <em>Nihon shoki<\/em> (Ksi\u0119ga I), <em>Engi-shiki<\/em>. Literatura wt\u00f3rna: Aston, <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Rdzenna religia Japonii, ukszta\u0142towana przez cze\u015b\u0107 oddawan\u0105 kami.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shinto<\/span><\/em>; Kanda, <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Rdzenna religia Japonii, ukszta\u0142towana przez cze\u015b\u0107 oddawan\u0105 kami.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shinto<\/span> in History<\/em>; Heldt (t\u0142um.), <em>The Kojiki<\/em>; Bocking, <em>A Popular Dictionary of <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Rdzenna religia Japonii, ukszta\u0142towana przez cze\u015b\u0107 oddawan\u0105 kami.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shinto<\/span><\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nazwa i warianty<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tsukuyomi jest rzadko przedstawiany ikonograficznie \u2013 nale\u017cy do najs\u0142abiej reprezentowanych b\u00f3stw Japonii. Kiedy ju\u017c bywa ukazywany, jawi si\u0119 jako posta\u0107 elegancka, srebrzy\u015bcie l\u015bni\u0105ca, lecz odleg\u0142a. Sam ksi\u0119\u017cyc jest jego cia\u0142em i jego lustrem.<\/p><p>W systemach ikonograficznych bywa ukazywany obok Amaterasu, lecz przestrzennie oddalony lub oddzielony przez niebo i ziemi\u0119. Jego <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak zast\u0119pczy dla okre\u015blonej idei lub znaczenia.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbolem<\/span> s\u0105 same cykle faz ksi\u0119\u017cyca \u2013 n\u00f3w, pe\u0142nia, nawracaj\u0105ca ciemno\u015b\u0107. Srebrne szaty i blask ksi\u0119\u017cyca s\u0105 jego ikonograficznymi znakami rozpoznawczymi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Charakterystyka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tsukuyomi jest ksi\u0119\u017cycem, zarz\u0105dc\u0105 nocy, regentem czasu (lunar-cesarski). Jego g\u0142\u00f3wna funkcja ma charakter kosmiczno-mechaniczny: rz\u0105dzi ksi\u0119\u017cycem, a tym samym noc\u0105, p\u0142ywami i \u2013 dla dawnych kultur \u2013 samym rachunkiem czasu. Nie istniej\u0105 jednak niemal \u017cadne dedykowane mu \u015bwi\u0105tynie; jego kult wch\u0142oni\u0119ty jest przez og\u00f3lne rytua\u0142y shint\u014d lub prywatne o\u0142tarze domowe.<\/p><p>Filozoficzna tre\u015b\u0107 jest g\u0142\u0119bsza ni\u017c sam kult: Tsukuyomi jest japo\u0144skim mitycznym <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak zast\u0119pczy dla okre\u015blonej idei lub znaczenia.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbolem<\/span> tego, co istnieje r\u00f3wnolegle, lecz w oddaleniu \u2013 nocy, kt\u00f3ra jest przeciwie\u0144stwem cesarskiego \u015bwiat\u0142a, nie b\u0119d\u0105c przy tym z\u0142em. \u017ba\u0142obny dystans jest centralnym elementem jego to\u017csamo\u015bci.<\/p><h3>Wygl\u0105d i symbolika<\/h3><p><em>Tsukuyomi<\/em> jest przedstawiany jako m\u0119\u017cczyzna o bladej lub srebrnej cerze, cz\u0119sto spowity w blask ksi\u0119\u017cyca. Jego wizerunek jest mniej rozbudowany ni\u017c Amaterasu czy Susanoo. Bywa niekiedy uto\u017csamiany z samym ksi\u0119\u017cycem lub ukazywany jako tronuj\u0105cy na ksi\u0119\u017cycu. Jego barwami s\u0105 srebro i b\u0142\u0119kit.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Tsukuyomi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najwa\u017cniejsze aspekty Tsukuyomi w skr\u00f3cie. Poni\u017csze pola podsumowuj\u0105 pochodzenie, funkcj\u0119, wygl\u0105d, kult, symbole i paralele kulturowe.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontekst kulturowy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tsukuyomi powstaje z prawego oka Izanagiego, gdy ten oczyszcza si\u0119 po powrocie z Yomi (krainy umar\u0142ych), podczas gdy Amaterasu powstaje z lewego oka, a Susano-o z nosa. Jest bratem Amaterasu (s\u0142o\u0144ca) i Susano-o (burzy).<\/p><p>W centralnym <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazywana tradycj\u0105 opowie\u015b\u0107 o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">micie<\/span> zabija Ukemochi (bogini\u0119 po\u017cywienia), poniewa\u017c ta wydaje pokarmy z w\u0142asnego cia\u0142a, co uznaje za nieczyste. Amaterasu odwraca si\u0119 po tym od niego i nigdy wi\u0119cej go nie widzi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Przedmiot dzia\u0142ania<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u00f3g ksi\u0119\u017cyca i patron jego biegu. W kalendarzu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Rdzenna religia Japonii, ukszta\u0142towana przez cze\u015b\u0107 oddawan\u0105 kami.\" tabindex=\"0\">shint\u014d<\/span> jego fazy wyznaczaj\u0105 dni wa\u017cne pod wzgl\u0119dem <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nale\u017c\u0105cy do ustalonego religijnego porz\u0105dku czynno\u015bci.\" tabindex=\"0\">rytualnym<\/span>. Patron nocnych aktywno\u015bci i rachunku czasu. W niekt\u00f3rych tradycjach ludowych patron uprawy ry\u017cu (poprzez fazy ksi\u0119\u017cyca). W kulcie prywatnym rzadko przywo\u0142ywany bezpo\u015brednio \u2013 raczej jako t\u0142o nocnego nieba.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 religijnych akt\u00f3w czci oddawanych b\u00f3stwu lub \u015bwi\u0119tej postaci.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultu<\/span> kaum direkt angerufen, eher als Hintergrund-Pr\u00e4senz im n\u00e4chtlichen Himmel.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Forma<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tsukuyomi nie posiada ustalonego przedstawienia ikonograficznego; w ortodoksyjnej tradycji <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Rdzenna religia Japonii, ukszta\u0142towana przez cze\u015b\u0107 oddawan\u0105 kami.\" tabindex=\"0\">shint\u014d<\/span> unikano tworzenia pos\u0105g\u00f3w bog\u00f3w. W p\u00f3\u017aniejszych tradycjach obrazowych ukazywany jako dostojna posta\u0107 m\u0119ska w ciemnej szacie dworskiej, z sierpem lub tarcz\u0105 ksi\u0119\u017cyca jako atrybutem. W przeciwie\u0144stwie do ciep\u0142ych z\u0142otych barw Amaterasu u Tsukuyomi dominuj\u0105 ch\u0142odne tony srebrne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Obszar dzia\u0142ania<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Obszar dzia\u0142ania:<\/strong> Tsukuyomi czczony jest w Tsukiyomi-no-Miya (Ise) oraz w nielicznych \u015bwi\u0105tyniach Tsukuyomi. W tradycji rolniczej jego fazy ksi\u0119\u017cycowe odgrywaj\u0105 rol\u0119 przy siewie ry\u017cu i wyznaczaniu termin\u00f3w siewu. W kulcie prywatnym ma znaczenie raczej peryferyjne. We wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnym anime i mandze cz\u0119sto odbierany jako tajemnicza, ch\u0142odna posta\u0107.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 religijnych akt\u00f3w czci oddawanych b\u00f3stwu lub \u015bwi\u0119tej postaci.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultu<\/span> raczej peryferyjnym. We wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnym anime i mandze cz\u0119sto odbierany jako tajemnicza, ch\u0142odna posta\u0107.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrona<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tarcza ksi\u0119\u017cyca, sierp ksi\u0119\u017cyca, czarna lub granatowa szata dworska. Zwierz\u0119ta \u015bwi\u0119te: brak specyficznych. Ro\u015bliny \u015bwi\u0119te: ro\u015bliny zwi\u0105zane z ksi\u0119\u017cycem (we wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Zbiorowe okre\u015blenie nauk roszcz\u0105cych sobie prawo do wiedzy ukrytej, dost\u0119pnej jedynie wtajemniczonym.\" tabindex=\"0\">ezoteryce<\/span>: lotos, ksi\u0119\u017cycowe nasiona).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Istoty pokrewne<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Selene<\/em> (Grecja, bogini ksi\u0119\u017cyca, kobieca), <em>Luna<\/em> (Rzym, kobieca), <em>Sin\/Nanna<\/em> (Mezopotamia, b\u00f3g ksi\u0119\u017cyca, m\u0119ski), <em>Khons<\/em> (Egipt, b\u00f3g ksi\u0119\u017cyca, m\u0119ski), <em>Chandra\/Soma<\/em> (hinduizm, b\u00f3g ksi\u0119\u017cyca, m\u0119ski), <em>M\u00e1ni<\/em> (germa\u0144ski, b\u00f3g ksi\u0119\u017cyca, m\u0119ski), <em>Yi<\/em> (Chiny, \u0142ucznik ksi\u0119\u017cycowy). Podobnie jak w wi\u0119kszo\u015bci tradycji wschodnioazjatyckich, indoeuropejskich i semickich, ksi\u0119\u017cyc jest tu rodzaju m\u0119skiego (w przeciwie\u0144stwie do \u017ce\u0144skiego s\u0142o\u0144ca).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Praktyki ochronne<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Rytua\u0142y kultu<\/h3><p>Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto (jap. \u6708\u8aad\u547d, \u201eWznios\u0142o\u015b\u0107 Czytaj\u0105ca Ksi\u0119\u017cyc&#8221;) jest bogiem ksi\u0119\u017cyca, bratem Amaterasu i Susanoo. Urodzony z prawego oka Izanagiego (Kojiki I, rozdz. 11). W por\u00f3wnaniu z Amaterasu i Susanoo jego <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 religijnych akt\u00f3w czci oddawanych b\u00f3stwu lub \u015bwi\u0119tej postaci.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> jest s\u0142abo rozwini\u0119ty; g\u0142\u00f3wnymi \u015bwi\u0105tyniami s\u0105 Tsukuyomi-no-Miya (w wewn\u0119trznej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ma\u0142e, \u015bwi\u0119te miejsce przechowywania przedmiot\u00f3w kultu lub modlitwy.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015bwi\u0105tyni<\/span> Ise) oraz \u015bwi\u0105tynia Tsukuyomi<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ma\u0142e, \u015bwi\u0119te miejsce przechowywania przedmiot\u00f3w kultu lub modlitwy.\" tabindex=\"0\"> w Yamashiro.<\/span> w Yamashiro.<\/p><p>Tsukimi (\u015bwi\u0119to obserwacji ksi\u0119\u017cyca, 15. dzie\u0144 8. miesi\u0105ca ksi\u0119\u017cycowego) jest mu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Poprzez religijny akt po\u015bwi\u0119cony sacrum, a tym samym wyniesiony ponad codzienno\u015b\u0107.\" tabindex=\"0\">po\u015bwi\u0119cone<\/span>, z ofiar\u0105 kuleczek ry\u017cowych (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dar sk\u0142adany b\u00f3stwu w celu wyra\u017cenia wdzi\u0119czno\u015bci, pro\u015bby lub czci.\" tabindex=\"0\">ofiar\u0105<\/span> (<em>tsukimi dango<\/em>) i traw\u0105 pampasow\u0105 (por. Picken).<\/p><h3>Wezwania<\/h3><p>Modlitwy norito w Tsukuyomi-no-Miya w Ise odprawiane s\u0105 zgodnie z ceremonia\u0142em ise. W Many\u014dsh\u016b (VIII w.) Tsukuyomi pojawia si\u0119 cz\u0119sto w wierszach mi\u0142osnych i o roz\u0142\u0105ce. Rola mityczna dotycz\u0105ca zab\u00f3jstwa bogini po\u017cywienia Ukemochi (Nihon Shoki) wyja\u015bnia rozdzielenie s\u0142o\u0144ca i ksi\u0119\u017cyca.<\/p><h3>Amulety i symbole ochronne<\/h3><p>Amulety w kszta\u0142cie p\u00f3\u0142ksi\u0119\u017cyca i pe\u0142ni ksi\u0119\u017cyca ze srebra jako ochrona Tsukuyomi. Podczas Hagi-Moon Festival stawia si\u0119 na werandzie bia\u0142e kuleczki ry\u017cowe (15 sztuk, symbolicznie dla 15. dnia ksi\u0119\u017cycowego) i siedem jesiennych traw (<em>aki no nanakusa<\/em>). Kamienne pos\u0105gi boga ksi\u0119\u017cyca w \u015bwi\u0105tyniach shint\u014d. Mit o Zaj\u0105cu w Ksi\u0119\u017cycu (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazywana tradycj\u0105 opowie\u015b\u0107 o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span>) interpretowany jest jako dar Tsukuyomi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tsukuyomi \u2013 paralele w innych kulturach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tsukuyomi jest podobny do greckiej Selene (bogini ksi\u0119\u017cyca), rzymskiej Luny i chi\u0144skiej Chang&#8217;e. W odr\u00f3\u017cnieniu od nich Tsukuyomi jest p\u0142ci m\u0119skiej i strukturalnie nieobecny \u2013 bardziej konceptem ni\u017c osob\u0105. Z meksyka\u0144skim Tezcatlipoc\u0105 \u0142\u0105czy go nocna dziko\u015b\u0107 (jednak Tezcatlipoca jest z\u0142y, Tsukuyomi nie).<\/p><p>Zasada zen-filozoficzna pustki lub ciszy jest zbli\u017cona do natury Tsukuyomi. Wyj\u0105tkowa jest kosmiczna tragedia: on i Amaterasu nie s\u0105 rozdzieleni faktycznie, lecz strukturalnie \u2013 ksi\u0119\u017cyc i s\u0142o\u0144ce nie mog\u0105 razem ja\u015bnie\u0107 na niebie.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9af9f7f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp9af9f7f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe365976 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpe365976\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tsukuyomi w najstarszych \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142ach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp223bf60 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp223bf60\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3567113 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp3567113\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tsukuyomi, b\u00f3g ksi\u0119\u017cyca japo\u0144skiego <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazywana tradycj\u0105 opowie\u015b\u0107 o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitu<\/span>, jest po\u015bwiadczony w najstarszych zachowanych pismach japo\u0144skich \u2013 w <em>Kojiki<\/em> z roku 712 i w <em>Nihonshoki<\/em> z roku 720. Oba dzie\u0142a stanowi\u0105 g\u0142\u00f3wne \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a rodzimej japo\u0144skiej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 przekazywanych tradycj\u0105 opowie\u015bci o bogach danej kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologii<\/span> i wszystko, co mo\u017cna z pewno\u015bci\u0105 powiedzie\u0107 o Tsukuyomi, wywodzi si\u0119 zasadniczo z nich.<\/p><p>Tsukuyomi nale\u017cy do trojga dzieci, kt\u00f3re b\u00f3g stw\u00f3rca Izanagi wydaje na \u015bwiat, gdy po powrocie z krainy umar\u0142ych poddaje si\u0119 oczyszczeniu.<\/p><p>Podczas mycia twarzy powstaj\u0105 trzy znacz\u0105ce b\u00f3stwa: z lewego oka bogini s\u0142o\u0144ca <a href=\"\/pl\/amaterasu\/\">Amaterasu<\/a>, z prawego oka b\u00f3g ksi\u0119\u017cyca Tsukuyomi, a z nosa b\u00f3g burzy <a href=\"\/pl\/susanoo\/\">Susanoo<\/a>. Izanagi wyznacza swoim dzieciom sfery panowania; Tsukuyomi otrzymuje w\u0142adztwo nad noc\u0105 lub nad kr\u00f3lestwem nocy.<\/p><p>Uderzaj\u0105ce jest, jak ma\u0142o \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a m\u00f3wi\u0105 o Tsukuyomi. Podczas gdy Amaterasu i Susanoo stoj\u0105 w centrum licznych rozbudowanych narracji, b\u00f3g ksi\u0119\u017cyca pozostaje postaci\u0105 mglist\u0105. Ub\u00f3stwo \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 jest centraln\u0105 cech\u0105 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazywanie wiedzy i opowie\u015bci z pokolenia na pokolenie.\" tabindex=\"0\">przekazu<\/span> o Tsukuyomi i powinno by\u0107 miane na uwadze przy ka\u017cdym zajmowaniu si\u0119 t\u0105 postaci\u0105.<\/p><p>Japo\u0144skie badania mitologiczne rozwa\u017ca\u0142y r\u00f3\u017cne wyja\u015bnienia tego stanu rzeczy \u2013 od pierwotnie samodzielnego, p\u00f3\u017aniej wypartego kultu ksi\u0119\u017cycowego po przypuszczenie, \u017ce kompilatorzy VIII wieku po prostu nie dysponowali bogatszym <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazywanie wiedzy i opowie\u015bci z pokolenia na pokolenie.\" tabindex=\"0\">przekazem<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp363f27c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp363f27c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp24ab968 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp24ab968\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zab\u00f3jstwo bogini po\u017cywienia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6d63763 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp6d63763\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp83647ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp83647ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Jedyna sp\u00f3jna narracja, w kt\u00f3rej Tsukuyomi wyst\u0119puje jako dzia\u0142aj\u0105cy podmiot, znajduje si\u0119 w <em>Nihonshoki<\/em> i dotyczy jego spotkania z bogini\u0105 po\u017cywienia Ukemochi. Amaterasu wysy\u0142a Tsukuyomi na ziemi\u0119, aby odwiedzi\u0142 t\u0119 bogini\u0119. Ukemochi podejmuje go, wydaj\u0105c z ust ry\u017c, ryby i dziczyzn\u0119, z kt\u00f3rych przyrz\u0105dza mu posi\u0142ek.<\/p><p>Tsukuyomi uwa\u017ca ten spos\u00f3b przyrz\u0105dzania pokarmu za nieczysty i obra\u017aliwy. W oburzeniu zabija bogini\u0119 po\u017cywienia. Z jej zw\u0142ok powstaj\u0105 nast\u0119pnie najwa\u017cniejsze ro\u015bliny uprawne i zwierz\u0119ta hodowlane: z g\u0142owy byd\u0142o i konie, z czo\u0142a proso, z oczu sadzonki ry\u017cu, z brzucha ry\u017c, z narz\u0105d\u00f3w p\u0142ciowych pszenica i fasola.<\/p><p>Epizod ten nale\u017cy do mitycznego typu narracyjnego, w kt\u00f3rym z zabitego cia\u0142a istoty wyrastaj\u0105 ro\u015bliny uprawne \u2013 typ znany r\u00f3wnie\u017c z innych kultur.<\/p><p>Nast\u0119pstwo czynu dla samego Tsukuyomi jest znacz\u0105ce. Gdy Amaterasu dowiaduje si\u0119 o morderstwie, jest tak rozgniewana, \u017ce zrywa wi\u0119\u017a z bratem i o\u015bwiadcza, \u017ce nie chce go wi\u0119cej widzie\u0107. Od tej chwili, jak wyja\u015bnia <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazywana tradycj\u0105 opowie\u015b\u0107 o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span>, s\u0142o\u0144ce i ksi\u0119\u017cyc s\u0105 rozdzielone i pojawiaj\u0105 si\u0119 na niebie o r\u00f3\u017cnych porach, nigdy si\u0119 nie spotykaj\u0105c.<\/p><p>Narracja ta jest zarazem mitem etiologicznym, kt\u00f3ry wyja\u015bnia rozdzielenie dnia i nocy. W <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazywana tradycj\u0105 opowie\u015b\u0107 o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">Kojiki<\/span> bardzo podobna historia przypisywana jest zreszt\u0105 nie Tsukuyomi, lecz Susanoo \u2013 r\u00f3\u017cnica mi\u0119dzy dwoma g\u0142\u00f3wnymi \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142ami, kt\u00f3ra zajmowa\u0142a badaczy i kt\u00f3ra nakazuje ostro\u017cno\u015b\u0107 we wszelkich stwierdzeniach dotycz\u0105cych boga ksi\u0119\u017cyca.<em>Kojiki<\/em> bardzo podobna historia przypisywana jest zreszt\u0105 nie Tsukuyomi, lecz Susanoo \u2013 r\u00f3\u017cnica mi\u0119dzy dwoma g\u0142\u00f3wnymi \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142ami, kt\u00f3ra zajmowa\u0142a badaczy i kt\u00f3ra nakazuje ostro\u017cno\u015b\u0107 we wszelkich stwierdzeniach dotycz\u0105cych boga ksi\u0119\u017cyca.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpca14aa2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpca14aa2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9c094c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9c094c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kult, \u015bwi\u0105tynie i problem stanu \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8dae402 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp8dae402\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp89ea3f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp89ea3f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>W por\u00f3wnaniu z Amaterasu, kt\u00f3rej kult w Wielkim Sanktuarium w Ise zajmuje centralne miejsce w japo\u0144skim kulcie bog\u00f3w, Tsukuyomi ma jedynie skromn\u0105 obecno\u015b\u0107 kultow\u0105. Istniej\u0105 jednak \u015bwi\u0105tynie jemu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Poprzez religijny akt po\u015bwi\u0119cony sacrum, a tym samym wyniesiony ponad codzienno\u015b\u0107.\" tabindex=\"0\">po\u015bwi\u0119cone<\/span>.<\/p><p>Na terenie sanktuarium Ise znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 \u015bwi\u0105tynie poboczne zwi\u0105zane z Tsukuyomi, a i w innych miejscach Japonii mo\u017cna napotka\u0107 \u015bwi\u0105tynie Tsukuyomi \u2013 na przyk\u0142ad w okolicach Kioto.<\/p><p>S\u0142aba pozycja kultowa boga ksi\u0119\u017cyca pozostaje w uderzaj\u0105cej relacji do znaczenia, jakie ksi\u0119\u017cyc ma w japo\u0144skiej kulturze w og\u00f3le. Obserwacja ksi\u0119\u017cyca \u2013 <em>tsukimi<\/em> \u2013 kontemplacja jesiennej pe\u0142ni ksi\u0119\u017cyca, jest trwale zakorzenionym <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazywana tradycj\u0105, regularnie powtarzana czynno\u015b\u0107 w obr\u0119bie wsp\u00f3lnoty.\" tabindex=\"0\">zwyczajem<\/span> kulturowym, a ksi\u0119\u017cyc jest centralnym <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Powtarzaj\u0105cy si\u0119 element tre\u015bciowy w sztuce lub narracji.\" tabindex=\"0\">motywem<\/span> klasycznej poezji japo\u0144skiej.<\/p><p>Jednak ten wysoko ceniony kulturowo ksi\u0119\u017cyc nie jest \u015bci\u015ble powi\u0105zany z postaci\u0105 boga Tsukuyomi. Estetyczne i mitologiczne zainteresowanie ksi\u0119\u017cycem przebiega w Japonii w du\u017cej mierze oddzielnie.<\/p><p>Dla <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nauka badaj\u0105ca religie w spos\u00f3b por\u00f3wnawczy i bez zwi\u0105zku wyznaniowego.\" tabindex=\"0\">religioznawstwa<\/span> Tsukuyomi jest przede wszystkim pouczaj\u0105cym przyk\u0142adem granic naszej wiedzy. W odr\u00f3\u017cnieniu od wielu b\u00f3stw, o kt\u00f3rych \u015bwiadcz\u0105 bogate mity, teksty kultowe i \u015bwiadectwa archeologiczne, stan \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 jest tu sk\u0105py. Rzetelne wypowiedzi o Tsukuyomi musz\u0105 opiera\u0107 si\u0119 na nielicznych miejscach w <em>Kojiki<\/em> i <em>Nihonshoki<\/em> i okre\u015bla\u0107 wszystko inne jako przypuszczenie.<\/p><p>Niekt\u00f3re opracowania wyposa\u017caj\u0105ce Tsukuyomi w bogate rysy charakteru lub rozbudowane fabu\u0142y nie opieraj\u0105 si\u0119 na dawnych \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142ach, lecz na wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnej kulturze popularnej, w kt\u00f3rej b\u00f3g ksi\u0119\u017cyca sta\u0142 si\u0119 postaci\u0105 ciesz\u0105c\u0105 si\u0119 du\u017c\u0105 popularno\u015bci\u0105. To rozr\u00f3\u017cnienie mi\u0119dzy udokumentowanym przekazem a nowoczesnym opracowaniem jest tu szczeg\u00f3lnie istotne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dalsze odsy\u0142acze<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"\/pl\/amaterasu\/\">Amaterasu, s\u0142oneczna siostra<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/japonia\/\">Japonia, przegl\u0105d panteonu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/bostwa\/\">Bogowie, przegl\u0105d klas<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a i literatura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Aston, William G.: <em><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Rdzenna religia Japonii, ukszta\u0142towana przez cze\u015b\u0107 oddawan\u0105 kami.\" tabindex=\"0\">Shinto<\/span>. The Way of the Gods<\/em>. London 1905.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Heldt, Gustav (t\u0142um.): <em>The Kojiki. An Account of Ancient Matters<\/em>. New York 2014.<\/span><\/li><li>Walde, Christine (red.): <em>Der Neue Pauly<\/em> (has\u0142o \u201eTsukuyomi&#8217;).<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dalsze opracowania standardowe w <a href=\"\/pl\/literatura\/\">bibliografii<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1606,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Tsukuyomi","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Tsukuyomi \u2013 b\u00f3g ksi\u0119\u017cyca w japo\u0144skim shint\u014d","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Milcz\u0105ca si\u0142a, odmierzacz czasu i wieczna roz\u0142\u0105ka z Amaterasu \u2013 kosmiczny dualizm w panteonie 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