{"id":16186,"date":"2026-04-27T10:36:23","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T10:36:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hathor-2\/"},"modified":"2026-06-19T06:03:26","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T06:03:26","slug":"hathor","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/hathor\/","title":{"rendered":"Hathor"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"16186\" class=\"elementor elementor-16186 elementor-2054 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hathor, bogini tradycji egipskiej<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hathor jest bogini\u0105 tradycji egipskiej.<\/p><p><strong>Bogini mi\u0142o\u015bci, muzyki, pi\u0119kna i macierzy\u0144stwa.<\/strong>Hathor jest uniwersaln\u0105 matk\u0105 i muz\u0105 \u2013 karmi, pociesza, raduje. Z rogami krowimi i tarcz\u0105 s\u0142oneczn\u0105, w muzyce i winie, w zbytku i erotycznej sile, uciele\u015bnia \u017cyciodajne chwile, kt\u00f3re rozb\u0142yskuj\u0105 pomi\u0119dzy powa\u017cnymi dramatami kosmicznymi. Nie jest s\u0142aba, lecz \u017cywa, zmys\u0142owa i egzystencjalnie niezb\u0119dna. Hathor to egipska bogini mi\u0142o\u015bci i muzyki, kt\u00f3rej zmys\u0142owa \u017cywio\u0142owo\u015b\u0107 przenika ca\u0142y profil.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"B\u00f3g \/ bogini: Uosobiona najwy\u017csza moc w panteonie danej kultury, o wyra\u017anie okre\u015blonych kompetencjach \u2013 si\u0142y natury, przeznaczenie, wojna, p\u0142odno\u015b\u0107. Czczona przez kulty, ofiary i instytucje \u015bwi\u0105tynne.\">Bogini<\/span><a href=\"\/pl\/egipt\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Mitologia staro\u017cytnej doliny Nilu, ok. 3000 p.n.e. \u2013 30 p.n.e.\">Egipt<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSpis tre\u015bci\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_hathor-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-130626\" alt=\"Hathor - bogowie z tradycji egipskiej, ilustracja historyczna\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_hathor-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_hathor-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_hathor-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_aegypten_hathor.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hathor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Szybki przegl\u0105d: Hathor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong>Egipskie b\u00f3stwo g\u0142\u00f3wne, bogini mi\u0142o\u015bci, muzyki i macierzy\u0144stwa<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 bog\u00f3w danej religii lub kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">Panteon<\/span>: Egipt (wszystkie dynastie)<br>Funkcja: mi\u0142o\u015b\u0107, muzyka, taniec, macierzy\u0144stwo, bogini przewodniczka umar\u0142ych, c\u00f3rka s\u0142o\u0144ca<br>G\u0142\u00f3wne atrybuty: rogi krowie, tarcza s\u0142oneczna, sistrum, naszyjnik menat<br>G\u0142\u00f3wne miejsca kultu: Dendera, Edfu, Memfis<br>Identyfikacja grecka: Aphrodite-Hathor (hellenistyczna, w Aleksandrii)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Klasyfikacja historyczna<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Okres powstania tekst\u00f3w<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Hathor jest po\u015bwiadczona od okresu wczesnodynastycznego (ok. 2900 p.n.e.); na palecie Narmera pojawia si\u0119 jako bogini-krowa. G\u0142\u00f3wny okres rozkwitu przypada\u0142 na Nowe Pa\u0144stwo (1550\u20131070 p.n.e.); jej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Budowla s\u0142u\u017c\u0105ca czci jednego lub wielu b\u00f3stw.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015bwi\u0105tynia<\/span> w Denderze, jedna z najlepiej zachowanych egipskich <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Budowla s\u0142u\u017c\u0105ca czci jednego lub wielu b\u00f3stw.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015bwi\u0105ty\u0144<\/span>, pochodzi z p\u00f3\u017anego okresu ptolemejskiego (I w. p.n.e.). W epoce hellenistycznej nast\u0105pi\u0142 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Przenikanie si\u0119 element\u00f3w r\u00f3\u017cnych religii lub kult\u00f3w, tworz\u0105ce nowe formy mieszane, jak np. w haita\u0144skim Vodou (Lwa i katoliccy \u015bwi\u0119ci).\">synkretyzm<\/span> z Aphrodite i Isis.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zasi\u0119g geograficzny<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>G\u0142\u00f3wne miejsca kultu: <strong>Dendera<\/strong> (s\u0142ynny kompleks \u015bwi\u0105tynny Hathor), <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Budowla s\u0142u\u017c\u0105ca czci jednego lub wielu b\u00f3stw.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015bwi\u0105tynia<\/span>, <strong>Edfu<\/strong> (doroczna pielgrzymka na spotkanie z Horusem), Memfis (Hathor \u201ePani drzewa sykomory&#8221;), Teby (w nekropoli). Na Synaju Hathor by\u0142a bogini\u0105 opieku\u0144cz\u0105 ekspedycji g\u00f3rniczych (Serabit el-Chadim).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stan \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>G\u0142\u00f3wne \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a: Teksty Piramid (zak. 466), Ksi\u0119ga Umar\u0142ych (zak. 18, 145), inskrypcje i reliefy \u015bwi\u0105tyni w Denderze (kompletnie zachowane teksty teologiczne), tradycja <em>Siedmiu Hathor<\/em> (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazana opowie\u015b\u0107 o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span> o przepowiedni losu przy narodzinach) oraz historia <em>Oka Re<\/em>. Literatura wt\u00f3rna: Bleeker, <em>Hathor and Thoth<\/em> (dzie\u0142o standardowe); Bonnet, <em>Reallexikon<\/em>; Pinch, <em>Egyptian Mythology<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nazwa i sposoby zapisu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hathor jest przedstawiana z g\u0142ow\u0105 krowy \u2013 krowa by\u0142a w Egipcie <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nale\u017c\u0105cy do sfery bo\u017cej, a przez to wy\u0142\u0105czony z codziennego u\u017cytku.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015bwi\u0119ta<\/span> \u2013 lub z ludzk\u0105 twarz\u0105 i rogami krowy, pomi\u0119dzy kt\u00f3rymi umieszczona jest <em>tarcza s\u0142oneczna<\/em> (<em>Aten<\/em>). Niekiedy ukazywana jest jako srebrna krowa. Trzyma <em>sistrum<\/em> (instrument-grzechotka), kielich wina lub <em>lustro<\/em> (<em>lustro ankh<\/em>).<\/p><p>Jej cia\u0142o jest cz\u0119sto z\u0142ociste, ozdobione bi\u017cuteri\u0105 i kosztownymi tkaninami. <em>Ureus<\/em> (w\u0105\u017c) zdobi jej czo\u0142o. Na lustrach i pude\u0142kach na kosmetyki grawerowano jej wizerunki \u2013 by\u0142a bogini\u0105 kosmetyk\u00f3w i toalety.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cechy charakterystyczne<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hathor karmi wszystkie istoty \u017cywe swym 'niebia\u0144skim mlekiem&#8217;; jest zarazem erotyczna i macierzy\u0144ska. Jest bogini\u0105 ta\u0144ca i muzyki \u2013 tancerki i muzykantki by\u0142y jej kap\u0142ankami. Chroni kobiety w ci\u0105\u017cy i podczas porodu.<\/p><p>Hathor kocha wino, wo\u0144 i zbytek; jej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Budowla s\u0142u\u017c\u0105ca czci jednego lub wielu b\u00f3stw.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015bwi\u0105tynie<\/span> by\u0142y miejscami rado\u015bci. Faraonowie obdarowywali Hathor cennymi ofiarami. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Budowla s\u0142u\u017c\u0105ca czci jednego lub wielu b\u00f3stw.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015awi\u0105tynia<\/span> w Denderze by\u0142a bogato wyposa\u017cona i rozbudowywana w przepychu a\u017c po czasy ptolemejskie. Rytua\u0142y weselne kobiet i magia mi\u0142osna by\u0142y praktykowane w jej imi\u0119.<\/p><h3>Wygl\u0105d i symbolika<\/h3><p><em>Hathor<\/em> jest przedstawiana jako kobieta z krowimi uszami i tarcz\u0105 s\u0142oneczn\u0105 pomi\u0119dzy nimi lub jako krowa z tarcz\u0105 s\u0142oneczn\u0105 na czole. Sistrum jest jej \u015bwi\u0119tym instrumentem. Nosi naszyjnik ze z\u0142ota i lapis lazuli \u2013 kamieni szlachetnych wszech\u015bwiata.<\/p><p>Jej cia\u0142o jest cz\u0119sto z\u0142ociste. W wojennych aspektach ukazywana jest z podw\u00f3jn\u0105 koron\u0105 Egiptu. Krowa jako \u015bwi\u0119te zwierz\u0119 symbolizuje jej macierzy\u0144sk\u0105, \u017cyciodajn\u0105 natur\u0119.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Hathor<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najwa\u017cniejsze aspekty Hathor w skr\u00f3cie. Poni\u017csze pola podsumowuj\u0105 pochodzenie, funkcj\u0119, wygl\u0105d, kult, symbole i paralele.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tradycja<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hathor jest <em>c\u00f3rk\u0105 Re<\/em>, w jednej z tradycji uto\u017csamian\u0105 z jego <em>Okiem<\/em> \u2013 s\u0142onecznym aspektem jego mocy.<\/p><p>Ma\u0142\u017conka Horusa z Edfu, matka Ihy. W swej dzikiej postaci jest Sekhmet-Hathor, niszczycielem ludzko\u015bci (<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazana opowie\u015b\u0107 o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span> o s\u0142onecznym oku). W niekt\u00f3rych tradycjach uto\u017csamiana z Isis, z kt\u00f3r\u0105 stopniowo zlewa si\u0119 w p\u00f3\u017anym okresie.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Adresaci<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Patronka mi\u0142o\u015bci, po\u017c\u0105dania erotycznego, muzyki i ta\u0144ca. Opiekunka rodz\u0105cych i nowonarodzonych \u2013 <em>Siedem Hathor<\/em> pojawia si\u0119 przy ka\u017cdym porodzie i wypowiada przepowiedni\u0119 losu. Zarazem bogini przewodniczka umar\u0142ych do za\u015bwiat\u00f3w, dlatego cz\u0119sto przedstawiana w kaplicach grobowych. R\u00f3wnie\u017c bogini g\u00f3rnictwa i rzemios\u0142a.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wygl\u0105d<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trzy formy ukazywania: (1) Antropomorficzna kobieta z <em>koron\u0105 Hathor<\/em>, rogami krowy i tarcz\u0105 s\u0142oneczn\u0105; (2) jako <em>krowa<\/em> (cz\u0119sto z tarcz\u0105 s\u0142oneczn\u0105 mi\u0119dzy rogami); (3) jako <em>kobieta z g\u0142ow\u0105 krowy<\/em>. Cz\u0119ste atrybuty: sistrum (rytualny instrument-grzechotka), naszyjnik menat (ceremonialny naszyjnik z przeciwwag\u0105), ber\u0142o was, lotos. Kolumny hathoryczne w Denderze ukazuj\u0105 jej stylizowan\u0105 twarz z krowimi uszami.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dzia\u0142anie Hathor<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Zakres oddzia\u0142ywania:<\/strong> Hathor by\u0142a wzywana przez kobiety wszystkich stan\u00f3w: w sprawach mi\u0142osnych, przed porodem i w jego trakcie, w chorobie. Muzycy, tancerze i arty\u015bci uwa\u017cani byli za jej szczeg\u00f3lnych podopiecznych. <em>Pi\u0119kne \u015awi\u0119to Zjednoczenia<\/em> (spotkanie z Horusem) przyci\u0105ga\u0142o corocznie tysi\u0105ce <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cz\u0142owiek odbywaj\u0105cy motywowan\u0105 religijnie podr\u00f3\u017c do \u015bwi\u0119tego miejsca.\" tabindex=\"0\">pielgrzym\u00f3w<\/span> do Edfu. W kulcie zmar\u0142ych by\u0142a czczona jako <em>Pani Pi\u0119knego Zachodu<\/em>, kt\u00f3ra prowadzi umar\u0142ych w za\u015bwiaty.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ochrona<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sistrum, naszyjnik menat, rogi krowie z tarcz\u0105 s\u0142oneczn\u0105, kolumna hathoryczna, lotos, drzewo sykomory (jako \u201ePani drzewa sykomory&#8221;), lustro. Na reliefach \u015bwi\u0105tynnych cz\u0119sto dwa gryfy lub lwy jako towarzysz\u0105ce istoty.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Istoty pokrewne<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Isis<\/em> (Egipt, p\u00f3\u017aniejsze na\u0142o\u017cenie si\u0119 funkcji), <em>Sekhmet<\/em> (dziki aspekt w micie s\u0142onecznego oka<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazana opowie\u015b\u0107 o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span>), <em>Bastet<\/em> (\u0142agodny aspekt siostry), <em>Aphrodite<\/em> (Grecja, hellenistyczny <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Przenikanie si\u0119 element\u00f3w r\u00f3\u017cnych religii lub kult\u00f3w, tworz\u0105ce nowe formy mieszane, jak np. w haita\u0144skim Vodou.\">synkretyzm<\/span>), <em>Inanna\/Ishtar<\/em> (Mezopotamia, mi\u0142o\u015b\u0107 i muzyka), <em>Lakshmi<\/em> (hinduizm, \u017ce\u0144ski princyp dostatku i mi\u0142o\u015bci).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Praktyczne \u015brodki ochronne<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><h3>Kult w \u017cyciu codziennym<\/h3>\n<div><p><strong>Rytua\u0142y i wezwania<\/strong><br>\nDo \u015bwi\u0105t Hathor nale\u017ca\u0142y \u201e\u015awi\u0119to Upojenia&#8221; i \u201ePi\u0119kne Zjednoczenie&#8221; mi\u0119dzy Dender\u0105 a Edfu. Muzyka i taniec nadawa\u0142y ton jej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 religijnych czynno\u015bci kultowych oddawanych b\u00f3stwu lub \u015bwi\u0119tej postaci.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultowi<\/span>, w kt\u00f3rym czczona by\u0142a jako bogini rado\u015bci.<\/p><\/div>\n\n<h3>Zakl\u0119cia i wezwania<\/h3>\n<div><p><strong>Przekaz tekstowy i formu\u0142y<\/strong><br>\nHathor pojawia si\u0119 w Tekstach Piramid i obszernie w tekstach \u015bwi\u0105tynnych z Dendery. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazana opowie\u015b\u0107 o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mit<\/span> o \u201eDalekiej Bogini&#8221; \u0142\u0105czy j\u0105 \u015bci\u015ble z niebezpieczn\u0105 lwi\u0105 bogini\u0105 Sekhmet.<\/p><\/div>\n\n<h3>Amulety i symbole ochronne<\/h3>\n<div><p><strong>Materialne <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Liczba mnoga od apotropaikon: przedmioty i znaki maj\u0105ce odwraca\u0107 nieszcz\u0119\u015bcie.\" tabindex=\"0\">apotropaika<\/span> i dowody archeologiczne<\/strong><br>\nSistrum Hathor i zawieszka menat, kolumny z g\u0142ow\u0105 Hathor, amulety oraz lustra z uchwytem hathorycznym s\u0142u\u017cy\u0142y zar\u00f3wno w kulcie \u015bwi\u0105tynnym, jak i jako osobiste znaki ochronne.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hathor \u2013 paralele w innych kulturach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hathor przypomina Aphrodite (Grecja) \u2013 bogini\u0119 mi\u0142o\u015bci i pi\u0119kna. \u0141\u0105czy j\u0105 z Freyj\u0105 (Skandynawia) aspekt mi\u0142o\u015bci i zmys\u0142owo\u015bci. Przywodzi na my\u015bl Demeter (Grecja) \u2013 karmi\u0105c\u0105 bogini\u0119 matk\u0119. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Powracaj\u0105cy motyw tre\u015bciowy w sztuce lub narracji.\" tabindex=\"0\">Motyw<\/span> uniwersalnej matki jest powszechny; Hathor stanowi szczeg\u00f3lnie zmys\u0142ow\u0105 i radosn\u0105 jego odmian\u0119.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp66515d3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp66515d3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp9f83ce5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp9f83ce5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sprowadzenie powracaj\u0105cej bogini<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpbcc5155 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpbcc5155\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp408e901 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp408e901\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Wa\u017cnym kr\u0119giem mitycznym wok\u00f3\u0142 Hathor jest opowie\u015b\u0107 o 'sprowadzeniu dalekiej bogini&#8217;. Jest ona dobrze po\u015bwiadczona zw\u0142aszcza z okresu grecko-rzymskiego, m.in. przez inskrypcje \u015bwi\u0105tynne i uj\u0119cia literackie, si\u0119ga jednak starszych wyobra\u017ce\u0144.<\/p><p>U podstaw opowie\u015bci le\u017cy <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Powracaj\u0105cy motyw tre\u015bciowy w sztuce lub narracji.\" tabindex=\"0\">motyw<\/span> rozgniewanej c\u00f3rki boga s\u0142o\u0144ca. 'Oko Re&#8217;, uciele\u015bnione jako bogini o postaci lwicy, oddali\u0142o si\u0119 od boga s\u0142o\u0144ca i schroni\u0142o w odleg\u0142ej krainie, cz\u0119sto w Nubii. Dop\u00f3ki jest daleko, \u015bwiatu brakuje czego\u015b istotnego.<\/p><p>Re wysy\u0142a pos\u0142a\u0144c\u00f3w \u2013 zazwyczaj Thota pod postaci\u0105 pawiana lub ma\u0142py, niekiedy tak\u017ce Szu \u2013 by u\u015bmierzyli rozgniewan\u0105 bogini\u0119 i sk\u0142onili j\u0105 do powrotu. Thot pos\u0142uguje si\u0119 przy tym s\u0142owami, opowie\u015bciami i pochlebstwem.<\/p><p>W drodze powrotnej dokonuje si\u0119 przemiana. Dzika, niebezpieczna lwica zamienia si\u0119 w \u0142agodn\u0105, przyjazn\u0105 Hathor. Przemiana ta cz\u0119sto wi\u0105\u017ce si\u0119 z wod\u0105, k\u0105piel\u0105 i przej\u015bciem od gniewu do rado\u015bci. Jej powr\u00f3t jest obchodzony muzyk\u0105, ta\u0144cem i \u015bwi\u0105teczn\u0105 weso\u0142o\u015bci\u0105.<\/p><p>Z punktu widzenia religioznawstwa <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazana opowie\u015b\u0107 o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span> jest \u015bci\u015ble powi\u0105zany z egipskim kalendarzem i konkretnymi \u015bwi\u0119tami. Powr\u00f3t bogini by\u0142 uroczy\u015bcie obchodzony w kilku \u015bwi\u0105tyniach, m.in. w Denderze i na Fileju.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazana opowie\u015b\u0107 o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mit<\/span> \u0142\u0105czy ponadto dwa aspekty tej samej mocy: niszczycielsk\u0105 lwic\u0119 blisk\u0105 Sekhmet oraz b\u0142ogos\u0142awi\u0105c\u0105, radosn\u0105 Hathor. Wyja\u015bnia tym samym, jak z niebezpiecznej si\u0142y mo\u017ce powsta\u0107 si\u0142a chroni\u0105ca, i dostarcza mitycznej podstawy dla ryt\u00f3w przeb\u0142agania i \u015bwi\u0119towania.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8817b5e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp8817b5e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp021dda4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp021dda4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dendera: \u015bwi\u0105tynia, kolumny i wizerunek bogini<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3294920 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp3294920\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpef70503 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpef70503\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najwa\u017cniejszym zachowanym miejscem kultu Hathor jest wielka <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Budowla s\u0142u\u017c\u0105ca czci jednego lub wielu b\u00f3stw.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015bwi\u0105tynia<\/span> w Denderze, kt\u00f3rej obecne budowle pochodz\u0105 g\u0142\u00f3wnie z okresu ptolemejskiego i rzymskiego, lecz kontynuuj\u0105 znacznie starsze miejsce kultu. Dendera jest jednym z najlepiej zachowanych kompleks\u00f3w \u015bwi\u0105tynnych Egiptu i stanowi centralne \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o wiedzy o kulcie Hathor.<\/p><p>Charakterystyczne s\u0105 kolumny hathoryczne, kt\u00f3rych kapitele na wszystkich czterech stronach ukazuj\u0105 oblicze bogini z typowymi krowimi uszami i ci\u0119\u017ck\u0105 peruk\u0105. Ten typ kolumny uznawany jest za ikonograficzne wyr\u00f3\u017cnienie Hathor i spotykany jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c w innych po\u015bwi\u0119conych jej budowlach.<\/p><p>\u015aciany i sufity \u015bwi\u0105tyni g\u0119sto pokryte s\u0105 reliefami i inskrypcjami utrwalaj\u0105cymi rytua\u0142y, \u015bwi\u0119ta i teologiczne twierdzenia dotycz\u0105ce bogini. Znany jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c relief sufitowy z przedstawieniem zodiaku, kt\u00f3ry w historii bada\u0144 przyci\u0105ga\u0142 szczeg\u00f3ln\u0105 uwag\u0119.<\/p><p>Hathor jest przedstawiana w sztuce figuratywnej w kilku formach: jako krowa, jako kobieta z g\u0142ow\u0105 krowy, przede wszystkim jednak jako kobieta z tarcz\u0105 s\u0142oneczn\u0105 mi\u0119dzy dwoma rogami krowy na g\u0142owie. Cz\u0119sto trzyma <em>menat<\/em> \u2013 przeciwwag\u0119 do naszyjnika \u2013 oraz <em>sistrum<\/em>, instrument-grzechotk\u0119, oba \u015bci\u015ble zwi\u0105zane z jej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 religijnych czynno\u015bci kultowych oddawanych b\u00f3stwu lub \u015bwi\u0119tej postaci.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultem<\/span>.<\/p><p>Do <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 religijnych czynno\u015bci kultowych oddawanych b\u00f3stwu lub \u015bwi\u0119tej postaci.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultu<\/span> nale\u017ca\u0142o \u015bwi\u0119to 'pi\u0119knego zjednoczenia&#8217;, podczas kt\u00f3rego <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Plastyczne przedstawienie b\u00f3stwa czczone w \u015bwi\u0105tyni lub kaplicy.\" tabindex=\"0\">wizerunek kultowy<\/span> Hathor z Dendery by\u0142 w <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uroczysty religijny poch\u00f3d procesyjny.\" tabindex=\"0\">procesji<\/span> przewo\u017cony do <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Budowla s\u0142u\u017c\u0105ca czci jednego lub wielu b\u00f3stw.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015bwi\u0105tyni<\/span> Horusa w Edfu.<\/p><p>Te \u015bwi\u0119ta, \u0142\u0105cz\u0105ce muzyk\u0119, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uroczysty religijny poch\u00f3d procesyjny.\" tabindex=\"0\">procesj\u0119<\/span> i spotkanie dwojga b\u00f3stw, kszta\u0142towa\u0142y religijny rok regionu i ukazuj\u0105 Hathor jako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Istota czczona jako boska w obr\u0119bie danej religii.\" tabindex=\"0\">b\u00f3stwo<\/span> rado\u015bci, mi\u0142o\u015bci i wsp\u00f3lnoty \u015bwi\u0105tecznej.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp704f301 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp704f301\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp48a5583 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp48a5583\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pani Zachodu: Hathor i umarli<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp80129ee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp80129ee\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpfe9d037 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpfe9d037\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Opr\u00f3cz cech bogini mi\u0142o\u015bci, muzyki i rado\u015bci, Hathor pe\u0142ni\u0142a wyra\u017an\u0105 funkcj\u0119 w kulcie umar\u0142ych. Nosi\u0142a przydomek 'Pani Zachodu&#8217; \u2013 zach\u00f3d by\u0142 w Egipcie krain\u0105 zachodz\u0105cego s\u0142o\u0144ca, a tym samym kr\u00f3lestwem umar\u0142ych.<\/p><p>W tej roli Hathor przyjmowa\u0142a zmar\u0142ych przy przej\u015bciu do za\u015bwiat\u00f3w. Szczeg\u00f3lnie rozpowszechniony jest obraz 'krowy Hathor&#8217; wy\u0142aniaj\u0105cej si\u0119 z g\u00f3ry lub z trzcin teba\u0144skiego wzg\u00f3rza zachodniego.<\/p><p>Na licznych sarkofagach, \u015bcianach grobowych i stelach pojawia si\u0119, by chroni\u0107 umar\u0142ych, karmi\u0107 ich i przyjmowa\u0107 do \u015bwiata za grobem. Uwa\u017cana by\u0142a za t\u0119, kt\u00f3ra podaje zmar\u0142ym jad\u0142o i nap\u00f3j oraz toruje im drog\u0119.<\/p><p>Ten zwi\u0105zek z kr\u00f3lestwem umar\u0142ych nie stoi w sprzeczno\u015bci z jej radosnymi aspektami, lecz je uzupe\u0142nia. Hathor jest bogini\u0105 towarzysz\u0105c\u0105 \u017cyciu w ca\u0142ym jego zakresie \u2013 od narodzin, przy kt\u00f3rych mog\u0142a wyst\u0119powa\u0107 jako jedna z mocy wyznaczaj\u0105cych przeznaczenie, przez mi\u0142o\u015b\u0107 i \u015bwi\u0119to, a\u017c po \u015bmier\u0107 i odrodzenie w za\u015bwiatach.<\/p><p>Na obszarze Teb funkcja Hathor krzy\u017cowa\u0142a si\u0119 z funkcj\u0105 innych b\u00f3stw \u015bmierci, a w p\u00f3\u017anym okresie niekt\u00f3re jej aspekty zla\u0142y si\u0119 z aspektami Isis.<\/p><p>Z religionoznawczego punktu widzenia Hathor jest wyrazistym przyk\u0142adem wielowarstwowo\u015bci egipskich b\u00f3stw: jedna bogini mog\u0142a obejmowa\u0107 dziedziny, kt\u00f3re w innych religiach rozdzielone s\u0105 mi\u0119dzy kilka postaci. Kto szuka wi\u0119cej informacji o pokrewnym, niebezpiecznym aspekcie, znajdzie wskaz\u00f3wki w ha\u015ble dotycz\u0105cym <a href=\"\/pl\/sekhmet\/\">Sekhmet<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dalsze odsy\u0142acze<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"\/pl\/isis\/\">Isis \u2013 p\u00f3\u017aniejsze na\u0142o\u017cenie si\u0119 funkcji Hathor<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/sekhmet\/\">Sekhmet \u2013 dziki aspekt w micie s\u0142onecznego oka<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/bastet\/\">Bastet \u2013 \u0142agodny aspekt siostry<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/horus\/\">Horus \u2013 ma\u0142\u017conek w micie z Edfu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/egipt\/\">Egipt \u2013 przegl\u0105d panteonu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/bostwa\/\">Bogowie \u2013 przegl\u0105d klas<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142a i literatura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Bleeker, C. J.: <em>Hathor and Thoth. Two Key Figures of the Ancient Egyptian Religion<\/em>. Leiden 1973 (dzie\u0142o standardowe).<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Pinch, Geraldine: <em>Egyptian Mythology. A Guide to the Gods, Goddesses, and Traditions of Ancient Egypt<\/em>. Oxford 2002.<\/span><\/li><li>Walde, Christine (Hg.): <em>Der Neue Pauly<\/em> (has\u0142o \u201eHathor&#8221;).<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dalsze dzie\u0142a standardowe w <a href=\"\/pl\/literatura\/\">bibliografii<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1542,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Hathor","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Hathor \u2013 egipska bogini mi\u0142o\u015bci i muzyki","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Bogini mi\u0142o\u015bci, muzyki, pi\u0119kna i macierzy\u0144stwa. \u015awi\u0105tynia w Denderze, sistrum, niebia\u0144ska matka-karmicielka w staro\u017cytnym Egipcie.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","gefaehrdungsstufe":"3","wesen_kultur":"aegypten","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[47,27,25],"class_list":["post-16186","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aegypten","category-goetter","category-kulturen"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hathor \u2013 egipska bogini mi\u0142o\u015bci i muzyki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bogini mi\u0142o\u015bci, muzyki, pi\u0119kna i macierzy\u0144stwa. \u015awi\u0105tynia w Denderze, sistrum, niebia\u0144ska matka-karmicielka w staro\u017cytnym Egipcie.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/hathor\/\" \/>\n<meta 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