{"id":15707,"date":"2026-04-27T10:36:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-27T10:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/durga-2\/"},"modified":"2026-09-09T17:18:45","modified_gmt":"2026-09-09T17:18:45","slug":"durga","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/","title":{"rendered":"Durga"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"15707\" class=\"elementor elementor-15707 elementor-2004 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Durga \u2013 bogini tradycji hinduskiej<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Durga jest bogini\u0105 tradycji hinduskiej (hinduistycznej).<\/p><p><strong>Hinduska bogini wojny i poskromicielka demon\u00f3w, opiekunka \u015bwiata.<\/strong> Durga jest jedn\u0105 z najpot\u0119\u017cniejszych bogi\u0144 hinduizmu, uciele\u015bnieniem <em>Shakti<\/em>, kosmicznej \u017ce\u0144skiej si\u0142y. Zosta\u0142a stworzona przez bog\u00f3w, aby pokona\u0107 demonicznego bawo\u0142u <em>Mahishasur\u0119<\/em>, kt\u00f3rego \u017caden b\u00f3g samodzielnie nie m\u00f3g\u0142 zniszczy\u0107.<\/p><p>Zasiadaj\u0105c na tygrysie, z dziesi\u0119cioma ramionami pe\u0142nymi broni, Durga jest <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak, kt\u00f3ry reprezentuje jakie\u015b wyobra\u017cenie lub znaczenie.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbolem<\/span> zwyci\u0119stwa dobra nad z\u0142em. Podczas Durga Puja, najwi\u0119kszego \u015bwi\u0119ta Bengalu, jest ona co roku na nowo powitana.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"B\u00f3g \/ Bogini: Uosobiona najwy\u017csza moc w panteonie danej kultury, z wyra\u017anie okre\u015blonymi kompetencjami, si\u0142ami natury, losem, wojn\u0105, p\u0142odno\u015bci\u0105. Czczona poprzez kulty, ofiary i instytucje \u015bwi\u0105tynne.\">Bogini<\/span><a href=\"\/pl\/hinduizm\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Hinduistyczne \u015bwiaty bog\u00f3w, Asur\u00f3w i opiekun\u00f3w, od wedyjskich po tantryczne.\">Hinduizm<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSpis tre\u015bci\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_durga-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-130529\" alt=\"Durga - bogowie z tradycji hinduistycznej, ilustracja historyczna\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_durga-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_durga-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_durga-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_durga.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Durga<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kr\u00f3tki profil: Durga<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Typ:<\/strong> G\u0142\u00f3wna bogini hinduizmu, g\u0142\u00f3wna manifestacja Devi (Matki), bogini wojowniczka<br><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 bog\u00f3w danej religii lub kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">Panteon<\/span>: Hinduizm (szczeg\u00f3lnie Shaktyzm, czczona we wszystkich tradycjach hinduistycznych)<br>Funkcja: Unicestwienie demon\u00f3w (szczeg\u00f3lnie Mahishasury), ochrona \u015bwiata, kosmiczna Matka<br>G\u0142\u00f3wne atrybuty: Osiem lub dziesi\u0119\u0107 ramion z broni\u0105 wszystkich bog\u00f3w, tygrys lub lew jako wierzchowiec, Trishula<br>G\u0142\u00f3wne miejsca kultu: Kalighat (Bengal), Vaishno Devi (D\u017cammu), Mysore (Chamundeshwari), Kamakhya<br>Aspekt: Parvati, w tantrycznej hierarchii jedna z dziesi\u0119ciu Mahavidyas<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontekst<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Okres powstania tekst\u00f3w<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Durga jest centraln\u0105 postaci\u0105 hinduistycznej tradycji od czasu <em>Devi-Mahatmyam<\/em> (V\/VI w. n.e., cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 Markandeya-Purany).<\/p><p>Jej g\u0142\u00f3wny mit dotyczy walki z demonem-bawo\u0142em <em>Mahishasur\u0105<\/em>, kt\u00f3ry mo\u017ce zosta\u0107 pokonany tylko przez kobiet\u0119; Durga wy\u0142ania si\u0119 z po\u0142\u0105czonych energii wszystkich bog\u00f3w, a ka\u017cdy z nich ofiarowuje jej sw\u0105 najwa\u017cniejsz\u0105 bro\u0144 (Vishnu dysk, Shiva Trishul\u0119, Indra Vajr\u0119 itd.).<\/p><p>G\u0142\u00f3wny okres rozkwitu kultu Durgi: nieprzerwanie centralny po Puranach. Dzi\u015b szczeg\u00f3lnie w Bengalu \u015bwi\u0119towany jako <em>Durga Puja<\/em> (wrzesie\u0144\/pa\u017adziernik, najwi\u0119kszy regionalny festiwal Bengalu).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zasi\u0119g geograficzny<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>G\u0142\u00f3wne miejsca kultu: <strong>Kalighat<\/strong> (Kalkuta, wsp\u00f3lnie z Kali), <strong>Vaishno Devi<\/strong> (D\u017cammu i Kaszmir, jedno z najcz\u0119\u015bciej odwiedzanych hinduistycznych miejsc pielgrzymkowych), <strong>Chamundeshwari-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Budowla s\u0142u\u017c\u0105ca czci jednego lub kilku b\u00f3stw.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015awi\u0105tynia<\/span><\/strong> (Mysore, Karnataka, ze s\u0142ynnym festiwalem Mysore Dasara), <strong>Kamakhya<\/strong> (Asam, jedno z najwa\u017cniejszych Shakti Pitha).<\/p><p>Owe <em>108 Shakti Pitha<\/em> to miejsca pielgrzymkowe, w kt\u00f3rych spad\u0142y cz\u0119\u015bci cia\u0142a Sati; wiele z nich to \u015bwi\u0105tynie <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Budowla s\u0142u\u017c\u0105ca czci jednego lub kilku b\u00f3stw.\" tabindex=\"0\">Durgi<\/span>. Na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie \u2013 w ka\u017cdej wi\u0119kszej indyjskiej diasporze z hinduistyczn\u0105 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Budowla s\u0142u\u017c\u0105ca czci jednego lub kilku b\u00f3stw.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u015bwi\u0105tyni\u0105<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stan \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>G\u0142\u00f3wne \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a: <em>Devi-Mahatmyam<\/em> (zwane r\u00f3wnie\u017c Durga Saptashati, centralne \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naukowa nauka o Bogu i wierze danej religii.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologii<\/span> Durgi, 700 wers\u00f3w w sanskrycie), <em>Devi Bhagavata Pur\u0101\u1e47a<\/em>, <em>Markandeya Pur\u0101\u1e47a<\/em>, <em>Skanda Pur\u0101\u1e47a<\/em>. Teksty tantryczne: <em>Sundara-K\u0101\u1e47\u1e0da<\/em>, <em>Lalit\u0101 Sahasran\u0101ma<\/em> (1000 imion Devi).<\/p><p>Literatura pomocnicza: Kinsley, <em>Hindu Goddesses<\/em>; Coburn, <em>Encountering the Goddess<\/em> (klasyczne t\u0142umaczenie Devi-Mahatmyam z komentarzem); Pintchman, <em>The Rise of the Goddess in the Hindu Tradition<\/em>; Erndl, <em>Victory to the Mother<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nazwa i sposoby zapisu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Durga jest pi\u0119kn\u0105, wojownicz\u0105 bogini\u0105, kt\u00f3ra jedzie na tygrysie lub lwie. Ma dziesi\u0119\u0107 ramion, ka\u017cde uzbrojone: miecz, dysk (Sudarshana), tr\u00f3jz\u0105b, \u0142uk, maczuga, w\u0142\u00f3cznia oraz inne bronie.<\/p><p>Nosi czerwon\u0105 szat\u0119 i l\u015bni\u0105ce klejnoty. Jej twarz emanuje zar\u00f3wno \u0142agodno\u015bci\u0105, jak i niezachwian\u0105 determinacj\u0105. Zwierz\u0119 pod ni\u0105 \u2013 tygrys \u2013 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak, kt\u00f3ry reprezentuje jakie\u015b wyobra\u017cenie lub znaczenie.\" tabindex=\"0\">symbol<\/span>izuje dzik\u0105, nieokie\u0142znan\u0105 natur\u0119 pozostaj\u0105c\u0105 pod jej panowaniem.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cechy charakterystyczne<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Durga jest ochron\u0105 przed z\u0142ymi si\u0142ami i kosmicznym chaosem. Walka z Mahishasur\u0105 symbolizuje wieczny konflikt mi\u0119dzy <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"W hinduizmie obowi\u0105zek i kosmiczny porz\u0105dek; w buddyzmie nauka Buddy.\">Dharm\u0105<\/span> (porz\u0105dkiem) a Adharm\u0105 (chaosem).<\/p><p>Przez dziewi\u0119\u0107 nocy (Navaratri) jest czczona postem, medytacj\u0105 i ta\u0144cami. Dziesi\u0105tego dnia, podczas <em>Dussehra<\/em> lub <em>Vijayadashami<\/em>, \u015bwi\u0119towane jest zwyci\u0119stwo nad Mahishasur\u0105. Przy domowych o\u0142tarzach wierni przyjmuj\u0105 jej b\u0142ogos\u0142awie\u0144stwo dla ochrony i dobrobytu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Durga<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Najwa\u017cniejsze aspekty Durgi w skr\u00f3cie. Poni\u017csze pola podsumowuj\u0105 pochodzenie, funkcj\u0119, wygl\u0105d, kult, symbole i kulturowe paralele.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kontekst kulturowy<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Durga jest wojownicz\u0105 g\u0142\u00f3wn\u0105 manifestacj\u0105 hinduistycznej <em>Devi<\/em> (Bogini-Matki). W micie <em>Devi-Mahatmyam<\/em>&#8211;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazana narracja o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">wy\u0142ania si\u0119 z po\u0142\u0105czonych energii (<\/span>tejas<em>) wszystkich m\u00e4nnlichen bog\u00f3w, kt\u00f3rzy s\u0105 bezsilni wobec demona-bawo\u0142u Mahishasury.<\/em>Jest czym\u015b wi\u0119cej ni\u017c sum\u0105 bog\u00f3w: ka\u017cdy z nich ofiarowuje jej sw\u0105 najwa\u017cniejsz\u0105 bro\u0144, tak \u017ce dysponuje o\u015bmioma lub dziesi\u0119cioma r\u0119koma pe\u0142nymi boskiej mocy. W teologicznej syntezie uchodzi za gniewny aspekt Parvati, a tym samym za ma\u0142\u017conk\u0119 Shivy. W tradycji tantrycznej przewy\u017csza wszystkie inne aspekty Devi jako Mahashakti.<\/p><p>Og\u00f3\u0142 religijnych czynno\u015bci kultowych wobec b\u00f3stwa lub \u015bwi\u0119tej postaci.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kr\u0105g odbiorc\u00f3w Durgi<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>bhakti<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Niszycielka wszelkiego co demoniczne, stra\u017cniczka kosmicznego \u0142adu. Patronka wojownik\u00f3w i kr\u00f3l\u00f3w (w historycznych Indiach przed bitwami odprawiano Durga Puje). W kulcie \" tabindex=\"0\"> przyzywana jest jako <\/span>Maa<em> (Matka); w Bengalu jest nie tyle rozgrzewaj\u0105co-matczyna (jak Kali w tradycji bengalskiej), ile promieni\u015bcie opieku\u0144czo-matczyna. W trakcie festiwalu Mysore Dasara wzywana historycznie jako bogini opiekunka kr\u00f3lestwa.<\/em>Promienna, pi\u0119kna posta\u0107 kobieca o z\u0142otej sk\u00f3rze, w z\u0142ocisto-\u017c\u00f3\u0142tym lub czerwonym sari, bogato ozdobiona. Osiem lub dziesi\u0119\u0107 ramion (w Bengalu zazwyczaj dziesi\u0119\u0107). W r\u0119kach bronie wszystkich bog\u00f3w: Trishula (od Shivy), Sudarshana-Chakra (od Vishnu), Vajra (od Indry), \u0142uk i strza\u0142y (od Suryi), miecz (od Yamy), czaszka-czara, w\u0105\u017c, dzwonek (Damaru), lotos.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wygl\u0105d<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Promienna, pi\u0119kna posta\u0107 kobiety o z\u0142otej sk\u00f3rze, w z\u0142oto\u017c\u00f3\u0142tym lub czerwonym sari, bogato zdobiona klejnotami. Osiem lub dziesi\u0119\u0107 ramion (w Bengalu najcz\u0119\u015bciej dziesi\u0119\u0107). W r\u0119kach bro\u0144 wszystkich bog\u00f3w: Trishula (od Shivy), Sudarshana-Chakra (od Vishnu), Vajra (od Indry), \u0142uk i strza\u0142a (od Suryi), miecz (od Yamy), czasza z czaszki, w\u0105\u017c, dzwonek (Damaru), lotos.<\/p><p>Wierzchowiec: <em>lew<\/em> lub <em>tygrys<\/em> (w Bengalu najcz\u0119\u015bciej lew, w Karnatace tygrys). Stoi lub przykl\u0119ka na pokonanym Mahishasurze. Trzecie oko na czole. D\u0142ugie, ciemne w\u0142osy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dzia\u0142alno\u015b\u0107<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong> Durga przyzywana jest w nag\u0142ych sytuacjach wymagaj\u0105cych ochrony. <\/strong>Durga Puja<em> w Bengalu (wrzesie\u0144\/pa\u017adziernik): dziesi\u0119ciodniowe \u015bwi\u0119to z kosztownymi glinianymi figurami (wytwarzanymi przez pokolenia rzemie\u015blnik\u00f3w <\/em>kumort\u00ee<em>), kt\u00f3re na zako\u0144czenie uroczysto\u015bci zostaj\u0105 <\/em>rytualnie<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Cz\u0142owiek odbywaj\u0105cy religijnie motywowan\u0105 podr\u00f3\u017c do \u015bwi\u0119tego miejsca.\" tabindex=\"0\"> zatopione w wodzie.<\/span>Mysore Dasara w Karnataka: ten sam pow\u00f3d, lecz z pa\u0142acem w Mysore jako scen\u0105. <\/p><p>Navratri<em> (dziewi\u0119\u0107 nocy) jako og\u00f3lnohinduistyczne \u015bwi\u0119to Durgi, z ekstatycznymi ta\u0144cami rytualnymi (<\/em>garba<em>, <\/em>, <em>dandiya<\/em> w Gud\u017caracie). <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Zakres dzia\u0142ania:\" tabindex=\"0\">Pielgrzymi<\/span> do Vaishno Devi wspinaj\u0105 si\u0119 oko\u0142o 13 km do groty sanktuarium.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u015arodki ochronne<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trishula, Sudarshana-Chakra, Vajra, miecz, \u0142uk i strza\u0142y, tarcza, dzwonek, czaszka-czara, lotos, w\u0105\u017c, lew\/tygrys (wierzchowiec). Ro\u015bliny \u015bwi\u0119te: drzewo bilva, hibiskus, lotos. Zwierz\u0119ta \u015bwi\u0119te: lew, tygrys. \u015awi\u0119te kolory: czerwony i z\u0142oty.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paralele Durgi<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Kali<\/em> (hinduizm, jej gniewny aspekt), <em>Parvati<\/em> (\u0142agodna forma), <em>Lakshmi<\/em> i <em>Sarasvati<\/em> (r\u00f3wnoleg\u0142e aspekty Devi), <em>Atena<\/em> (Grecja, wojowniczka i opiekunka), <em>Sachmet<\/em> (Egipt, \u017c\u0105dna krwi wojowniczka), <em>Isztar<\/em> (Mezopotamia, mi\u0142o\u015b\u0107 i wojna, uje\u017cd\u017caj\u0105ca lwy), <em>Anahita<\/em> (perska). Funkcjonalnie: wszystkie boginie wojowniczki niszcz\u0105ce demony dziel\u0105 aspekty Durgi. W szerszym kontek\u015bcie: Madonna z Mariazell, Czarna Madonna z Cz\u0119stochowy jako chrze\u015bcija\u0144skie paralele opieku\u0144czo-matczyne.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Praktyczne \u015brodki ochronne<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Obrz\u0119dy kultu<\/strong><\/p><p>Durga jest wojowniczo-matczynym aspektem Devi\/Shakti. G\u0142\u00f3wnym \u015bwi\u0119tem jest <em>Navaratri<\/em> (dziewi\u0119\u0107 nocy, w miesi\u0105cu Ashvin, wrzesie\u0144\/pa\u017adziernik) z codziennymi pujami ku czci r\u00f3\u017cnych aspekt\u00f3w Devi. W Bengalu Navaratri kulminuje w czterodniowej <em>Durga Puja<\/em> z kunsztownymi figurami z gliny (zatapianymi w rzece Hugli podczas Vijayadashami, por. McDermott, <em>Encountering Kali<\/em>). W po\u0142udniowych Indiach bardziej prominentne jest analogiczne \u015bwi\u0119to Mahishasura-Mardini z <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uroczysty poch\u00f3d religijny.\" tabindex=\"0\">procesj\u0105<\/span>.<\/p><p><strong>Mantry i wezwania<\/strong><\/p><p>Tekst <em>Devi-Mahatmya<\/em> (Markandeya Purana, ok. VI w.) jest jej centralnym tekstem hymnograficznym, licz\u0105cym 700 wers\u00f3w, st\u0105d zwany r\u00f3wnie\u017c <em>Saptashati<\/em>. Bija-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u015awi\u0119ta sylaba lub formu\u0142a recytowana w hinduizmie i buddyzmie.\" tabindex=\"0\">mantra<\/span> \u201eDum&#8221; oraz d\u0142u\u017csza \u201eOm Dum Durg\u0101yai Nama\u1e25&#8221; stosowane s\u0105 w repetycji <em>japa<\/em>. Mahishasura-Mardini-Stotra (przypisywany Adi Shankarze) jest liturgicznym standardem.<\/p><p><strong>Amulety i symbole ochronne<\/strong><\/p><p>Dziesi\u0119\u0107 ramion Durgi (ka\u017cde z broni\u0105 danego boga) oraz lew jako wierzchowiec maj\u0105 charakter ikoniczny. Trikona-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"W hinduizmie i buddyzmie geometryczny diagram u\u017cywany w celach rytualnych.\" tabindex=\"0\">Yantra<\/span> z Bindu w centrum jako geometryczny symbol ochronny. Czerwony sindur i \u017c\u00f3\u0142te nasiona gorczycy (haldi) jako pasta ochronna w obrz\u0119dach narodzin. Miedziane plakiety z jej dziewi\u0119cioma postaciami (Navadurga) by\u0142y tradycyjnie wieszane przy wej\u015bciach do dom\u00f3w.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Durga \u2013 paralele w innych kulturach<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>Durga przypomina greck\u0105 Aten\u0119 \u2013 obie s\u0105 wojownicze, m\u0105dre i opiekunkami miast. \u0141\u0105czy j\u0105 te\u017c pewne cechy z Artemid\u0105 (\u0142owy, dzicz) oraz nordyckimi Walkirami (wojownicze dziewice). We wsp\u00f3\u0142czesnych kr\u0119gach ezoterycznych bywa odczytywana jako archetyp kobiecej si\u0142y i niezale\u017cno\u015bci. Walka Durgi z Mahishasur\u0105 to ponadczasowa narracja o dobru i z\u0142u.<\/p><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><\/div><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpd4ea101 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpd4ea101\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpcec19ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpcec19ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zwyci\u0119stwo nad Mahishasur\u0105: mit w Devi Mahatmya<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp05d5104 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp05d5104\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6925bef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp6925bef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Centralnym <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazana narracja o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitem<\/span> Durgi jest jej walka z demonem-bawo\u0142em Mahishasur\u0105. Opisana jest szczeg\u00f3\u0142owo w <em>Devi M\u0101h\u0101tmya<\/em>, tek\u015bcie stanowi\u0105cym cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 <em>M\u0101rka\u1e47\u1e0deya Pur\u0101\u1e47a<\/em>, datowanym na oko\u0142o V\u2013VI wiek. Tekst ten uchodzi za najwa\u017cniejsz\u0105 podstaw\u0119 kultu bogini w hinduizmie.<\/p><p>Narracja rozpoczyna si\u0119 od kryzysu bog\u00f3w. Mahishasura, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Istota duchowa, kt\u00f3rej przypisuje si\u0119 dzia\u0142anie szkodliwe lub ambiwalentne.\" tabindex=\"0\">demon<\/span> mog\u0105cy przybra\u0107 posta\u0107 bawo\u0142u, dzi\u0119ki ascezie osi\u0105gn\u0105\u0142 niepokonalno\u015b\u0107 wobec wszelkich istot p\u0142ci m\u00e4nnskiej i wygna\u0142 bog\u00f3w z niebios. Poniewa\u017c \u017cadne pojedyncze <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Istota czczona jako boska w obr\u0119bie danej religii.\" tabindex=\"0\">b\u00f3stwo<\/span> nie mo\u017ce go pokona\u0107, bogowie \u0142\u0105cz\u0105 sw\u00f3j gniew i energie.<\/p><p>Z tej po\u0142\u0105czonej si\u0142y wy\u0142ania si\u0119 Durga jako promienna, wieloramienna bogini. Ka\u017cdy b\u00f3g wyposa\u017ca j\u0105 w jedn\u0105 ze swoich broni: Shiva daje tr\u00f3jz\u0105b, Vishnu dysk i tak dalej. Jej wierzchowiec \u2013 lew \u2013 pochodzi od b\u00f3stwa g\u00f3rskiego.<\/p><p>Nast\u0119puje d\u0142uga walka z Mahishasur\u0105 i jego hordami. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Istota duchowa, kt\u00f3rej przypisuje si\u0119 dzia\u0142anie szkodliwe lub ambiwalentne.\" tabindex=\"0\">Demon<\/span> wielokrotnie zmienia posta\u0107, lecz Durga przejrzuje ka\u017cd\u0105 przemian\u0119. W ko\u0144cu zabija go, gdy ten wy\u0142ania si\u0119 wp\u00f3\u0142 z cia\u0142a bawo\u0142u, trafiaj\u0105c go tr\u00f3jz\u0119bem.<\/p><p>Z religioznawczego punktu widzenia istotna jest sama konstrukcja tej historii: Durga nie jest jedn\u0105 z wielu bogi\u0144, lecz uciele\u015bnieniem skumulowanej boskiej mocy \u2013 <em>shakti<\/em>. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazana narracja o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mit<\/span> ten uzasadnia teologicznie, dlaczego bogini mo\u017ce by\u0107 czczona jako najwy\u017csza rzeczywisto\u015b\u0107. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Nauka o tre\u015bci obraz\u00f3w i ich znaczeniu.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ikonografia<\/span> Mahishasuramardini \u2013 pogromczyni demona-bawo\u0142u \u2013 nale\u017cy od czas\u00f3w Gupt\u00f3w do najpowszechniejszych typ\u00f3w ikonograficznych sztuki indyjskiej.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2202eea e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp2202eea\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp3e0d000 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp3e0d000\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Devi Mahatmya i trzy epizody<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp695c6d9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp695c6d9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2d62f0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp2d62f0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tekst <em>Devi M\u0101h\u0101tmya<\/em>, zwany r\u00f3wnie\u017c <em>Durg\u0101 Sapta\u015bat\u012b<\/em> lub <em>Ca\u1e47\u1e0d\u012b<\/em>, liczy oko\u0142o siedmiuset wers\u00f3w i podzielony jest na trzy g\u0142\u00f3wne cz\u0119\u015bci narracyjne, z kt\u00f3rych ka\u017cda przyporz\u0105dkowana jest jednemu aspektowi bogini. \u00d3w tr\u00f3jpodzia\u0142 jest kluczowy dla rozumienia <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naukowa nauka o Bogu i wierze danej religii.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologii<\/span> Durgi.<\/p><p>Cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 pierwsza opowiada, jak bogini jako <em>Yoganidr\u0101<\/em>, kosmiczny sen, przebudza Vishnu, aby ten pokona\u0142 dw\u00f3ch prademon\u00f3w. Cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 druga zawiera <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazana narracja o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span> o Mahishasurze. Cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 trzecia opisuje walk\u0119 z demonami Shumbh\u0105 i Nishumbh\u0105 oraz ich wodzami.<\/p><p>W tej trzeciej cz\u0119\u015bci pojawiaj\u0105 si\u0119 kolejne postaci bogi\u0144: z gniewu bogini wy\u0142ania si\u0119 czarna, straszliwa Kali, a tak\u017ce <em>Matrikas<\/em>, boginie-matki. S\u0142ynny fragment podkre\u015bla, \u017ce wszystkie poszczeg\u00f3lne boginie s\u0105 ostatecznie przejawami jednej Devi.<\/p><p>Tekst jest nie tylko narracj\u0105, lecz tak\u017ce <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ustalony porz\u0105dek nabo\u017ce\u0144stw danej wsp\u00f3lnoty religijnej.\" tabindex=\"0\">liturgi\u0105<\/span>. Zawiera kilka wielkich hymn\u00f3w s\u0142awi\u0105cych bogini\u0119 i jest recytowany w ca\u0142o\u015bci podczas <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uregulowana sekwencja symbolicznych dzia\u0142a\u0144 o znaczeniu religijnym lub kulturowym.\" tabindex=\"0\">rytua\u0142u<\/span>, szczeg\u00f3lnie w trakcie jesiennego \u015bwi\u0119ta Navaratri.<\/p><p>Badania naukowe \u2013 mi\u0119dzy innymi Thomas Coburn w swoich pracach po\u015bwi\u0119conych <em>Devi M\u0101h\u0101tmya<\/em> \u2013 wykaza\u0142y, \u017ce tekst ten stanowi punkt zwrotny: skupia wcze\u015bniej rozproszone wyobra\u017cenia o bogini w sp\u00f3jn\u0105 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Naukowa nauka o Bogu i wierze danej religii.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologi\u0119<\/span>, w kt\u00f3rej pierwiastek \u017ce\u0144ski jawi si\u0119 jako najwy\u017csza, wszystko obejmuj\u0105ca moc. P\u00f3\u017aniejsze teksty tradycji shaktyckiej buduj\u0105 na tym fundamencie, lecz <em>Devi M\u0101h\u0101tmya<\/em> pozostaje jej podstaw\u0105.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp5bffb17 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp5bffb17\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp1687ed1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp1687ed1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Navaratri i Durga Puja: \u015bwi\u0119ta bogini<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp38403b3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp38403b3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpff4d356 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpff4d356\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kult Durgi skupia si\u0119 wok\u00f3\u0142 \u015bwi\u0119ta Navaratri \u2013 dziewi\u0119ciu nocy \u2013 obchodzonego dwa razy w roku, przy czym najszerzej znane jest to jesienne.<\/p><p>W wielu cz\u0119\u015bciach Indii w tym czasie bogini czczona jest w r\u00f3\u017cnych swoich postaciach, cz\u0119sto przy codziennej recytacji <em>Devi M\u0101h\u0101tmya<\/em>, z postem oraz czci\u0105 oddawan\u0105 m\u0142odym dziewcz\u0119tom uwa\u017canym za \u017cywe objawienie bogini.<\/p><p>W Bengalu i we wschodnich Indiach \u015bwi\u0119to przybra\u0142o szczeg\u00f3lnie rozbudowan\u0105 form\u0119 jako <em>Durg\u0101 P\u016bj\u0101<\/em>. Wytwarzane s\u0105 tu kunsztowne gliniane figurki Durgi, ukazuj\u0105ce j\u0105 zwykle z dziesi\u0119cioma ramionami w akcie zabijania demona-bawo\u0142u, otoczon\u0105 przez jej dzieci: Lakshmi, Saraswati, Ganesha i Karttikeya.<\/p><p>Figury stoj\u0105 w tymczasowych pawilonach, starannie ozdobionych i odwiedzanych przez t\u0142umy przez kilka dni. Na zako\u0144czenie \u015bwi\u0119ta figury zatapiane s\u0105 w rzekach lub innych zbiornikach wodnych podczas uroczystych procesji.<\/p><p>Z religioznawczego punktu widzenia interesuj\u0105ce jest powi\u0105zanie \u015bwi\u0119ta z cyklem zbior\u00f3w oraz z mitycznym odniesieniem do <em>Ramajany<\/em>: wed\u0142ug jednej tradycji Rama czci\u0142 bogini\u0119 przed walk\u0105 z Rawan\u0105, co mia\u0142o da\u0107 pocz\u0105tek jesiennej Durga Puja.<\/p><p>\u015awi\u0119to wykszta\u0142ci\u0142o ponadto silny wymiar spo\u0142eczny, a w czasach nowo\u017cytnych r\u00f3wnie\u017c polityczny i ekonomiczny; w Kalkucie jest ono najwa\u017cniejszym wielkim wydarzeniem roku.<\/p><p>UNESCO wpisa\u0142o Durga Puja z Kalkuty w 2021 roku na list\u0119 niematerialnego dziedzictwa kulturowego. \u015awi\u0119to jest przyk\u0142adem tego, jak religijny <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazana narracja o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span> mo\u017ce sta\u0107 si\u0119 no\u015bnikiem regionalnej to\u017csamo\u015bci i zbiorowej praktyki.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp845a913 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp845a913\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0b5f30d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp0b5f30d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wiele oblicz bogini: Durga w teologii Shakta<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpcdc3686 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpcdc3686\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp760aa3b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp760aa3b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Durga w obr\u0119bie tradycji shaktyckiej \u2013 nurtu czcz\u0105cego bogini\u0119 jako najwy\u017csz\u0105 rzeczywisto\u015b\u0107 \u2013 nie jest postaci\u0105 izolowan\u0105, lecz w\u0119z\u0142em rozleg\u0142ej sieci powi\u0105za\u0144. Teologicznie uchodzi za jeden z przejaw\u00f3w jednej wielkiej bogini, <em>Mahadevi<\/em>, kt\u00f3ra mo\u017ce by\u0107 zarazem \u0142agodna i straszliwa, matczyna i wojownicza.<\/p><p>Blisko z ni\u0105 zwi\u0105zana jest Kali, kt\u00f3ra w <em>Devi M\u0101h\u0101tmya<\/em> wy\u0142ania si\u0119 z gniewu Durgi. O ile Durga uciele\u015bnia uporz\u0105dkowan\u0105, zwyci\u0119sk\u0105 wojowniczk\u0119, o tyle Kali symbolizuje wyzwolon\u0105, przekraczaj\u0105c\u0105 wszelkie granice stron\u0119 tej samej mocy.<\/p><p>W Parvati bogini objawia si\u0119 jako ma\u0142\u017conka Shivy i kochaj\u0105ca matka; Durga i Parvati s\u0105 w wielu tradycjach rozumiane jako to\u017csame lub jako aspekty jednej osoby. Obok nich stoj\u0105 grupy <em>Matrik\u00f3w<\/em>, bogi\u0144-matek, oraz szereg <em>Mahavidyas<\/em>, dziesi\u0119ciu wielkich bogi\u0144 m\u0105dro\u015bci, w kt\u00f3rych obr\u0119b wpisywane s\u0105 postacie bliskie Durdze.<\/p><p>To powi\u0105zanie wynika z zasady teologicznej. Poszczeg\u00f3lne boginie nie s\u0105 rywalkami, lecz aspektami, w kt\u00f3rych ta sama <em>shakti<\/em> objawia si\u0119 stosownie do zadania i nastroju.<\/p><p>Durga uciele\u015bnia przede wszystkim funkcj\u0119 ochrony i zwyci\u0119stwa nad chaosem; samo jej imi\u0119 tradycyjnie wi\u0105zane jest z trudn\u0105 do przekroczenia twierdz\u0105 lub z pokonywaniem trudno\u015bci \u2013 etymologia j\u0119zykowo uzasadniona.<\/p><p>W \u017cywej <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u017bywa religijna postawa i praktyka cz\u0142owieka.\" tabindex=\"0\">pobo\u017cno\u015bci<\/span> czcicielki i czciciele zwracaj\u0105 si\u0119 do Durgi przede wszystkim jako do mocy ochronnej. Z naukowego punktu widzenia jest ona przyk\u0142adem tego, jak jedno <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Istota czczona jako boska w obr\u0119bie danej religii.\" tabindex=\"0\">b\u00f3stwo<\/span> mo\u017ce by\u0107 zarazem konkretn\u0105 figur\u0105 kultow\u0105 i teologiczn\u0105 zasad\u0105 podtrzymuj\u0105c\u0105 ca\u0142y <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Og\u00f3\u0142 bog\u00f3w danej religii lub kultury.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteon<\/span> \u017ce\u0144skich mocy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dalsze odsy\u0142acze<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"\/pl\/kali\/\">Kali, jej gniewny aspekt<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/shiva\/\">Shiva, ma\u0142\u017conek w skodyfikowanej tradycji<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/ganesha\/\">Ganesha, syn (czczony wsp\u00f3lnie podczas Devi Puja)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/hinduizm\/\">Hinduizm, przegl\u0105d panteonu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/bostwa-najwyzsze\/\">B\u00f3stwa najwy\u017csze, podkategoria<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/pl\/bostwa\/\">Bogowie, przegl\u0105d klas<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Literatura naukowa<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Coburn, Thomas B.: <em>Encountering the Goddess. A Translation of the Dev\u012b-M\u0101h\u0101tmya<\/em>. Albany 1991.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Kinsley, David: <em>Hindu Goddesses. Visions of the Divine Feminine in the Hindu Religious Tradition<\/em>. Berkeley 1986.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Pintchman, Tracy: <em>The Rise of the Goddess in the Hindu Tradition<\/em>. Albany 1994.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Erndl, Kathleen M.: <em>Victory to the Mother. The Hindu Goddess of Northwest India in Myth, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Uregulowana sekwencja symbolicznych dzia\u0142a\u0144 o znaczeniu religijnym lub kulturowym.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ritual<\/span>, and <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak, kt\u00f3ry reprezentuje jakie\u015b wyobra\u017cenie lub znaczenie.\" tabindex=\"0\">Symbol<\/span><\/em>. Oxford 1993.<\/span><\/li><li>Devi-Mahatmyam (Durga Saptashati, liczne przek\u0142ady).<\/li><li>Walde, Christine (red.): <em>Der Neue Pauly<\/em> (has\u0142o 'Durg\u0101&#8217;).<\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dalsze standardowe opracowania w <a href=\"\/pl\/literatura\/\">bibliografii<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b722d16 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b722d16\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-950a962 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"950a962\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n<h2>Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania dotycz\u0105ce Durgi<\/h2>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Kim jest bogini Durga w hinduizmie?<\/h3><p>Durga (sanskryt, Niedost\u0119pna) jest jedn\u0105 z najwa\u017cniejszych postaci wielkiej bogini (Mahadevi) w hinduizmie \u2013 matczyno-wojownicz\u0105 opiekunk\u0105 stworzenia. Przedstawiana jest zazwyczaj z o\u015bmioma lub dziesi\u0119cioma ramionami, w kt\u00f3rych dzier\u017cy bronie wszystkich bog\u00f3w (tr\u00f3jz\u0105b od Shivy, dysk od Vishnu, b\u0142yskawic\u0119 od Indry itd.).<\/p><p>Jedzie na tygrysie lub lwie. W centralnym <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Przekazana narracja o bogach, pocz\u0105tkach i porz\u0105dku \u015bwiata.\" tabindex=\"0\">micie<\/span> pokonuje demona-bawo\u0142u Mahishasur\u0119, kt\u00f3rego \u017caden z m\u00e4nnskich bog\u00f3w nie by\u0142 w stanie zwyci\u0119\u017cy\u0107 \u2013 st\u0105d przydomek Mahishasuramardini.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Istota duchowa, kt\u00f3rej przypisuje si\u0119 dzia\u0142anie szkodliwe lub ambiwalentne.\" tabindex=\"0\">Co to jest \u015bwi\u0119to Durga Puja?<\/span>Durga Puja jest najwa\u017cniejszym hinduistycznym \u015bwi\u0119tem w Bengalu Zachodnim i wschodnich Indiach \u2013 dziesi\u0119ciodniow\u0105 uroczysto\u015bci\u0105 w wrze\u015bniu\/pa\u017adzierniku (miesi\u0105c Ashvin), ko\u0144cz\u0105c\u0105 si\u0119 Vijaya Dashami (Dniem Zwyci\u0119stwa). W ka\u017cdej dzielnicy wznoszone s\u0105 du\u017ce tymczasowe sanktuaria (pandal) z kunsztownymi glinianymi figurami Durgi pokonuj\u0105cej Mahishasur\u0119.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"iwg-faq-q\"><h3>Ostatniego dnia figury wnoszone s\u0105 w uroczystych procesjach nad rzek\u0119 i opuszczane do wody \u2013 <\/h3><p>symbol<\/p><p> powrotu bogini do kosmicznych prawd. \u015awi\u0119to wpisane jest na list\u0119 niematerialnego dziedzictwa UNESCO.<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak, kt\u00f3ry reprezentuje jakie\u015b wyobra\u017cenie lub znaczenie.\" tabindex=\"0\">{&#8222;@context&#8221;:&#8221;https:\/\/schema.org&#8221;,&#8221;@type&#8221;:&#8221;FAQPage&#8221;,&#8221;mainEntity&#8221;:[{&#8222;@type&#8221;:&#8221;Question&#8221;,&#8221;name&#8221;:&#8221;Wer ist die G\\u00f6ttin Durga im Hinduismus?&#8221;,&#8221;acceptedAnswer&#8221;:{&#8222;@type&#8221;:&#8221;Answer&#8221;,&#8221;text&#8221;:&#8221;Durga (Sanskrit, die Unzug\\u00e4ngliche) ist eine der wichtigsten Erscheinungsformen der gro\\u00dfen G\\u00f6ttin (Mahadevi) im Hinduismus \\u2014 die m\\u00fctterlich-k\\u00e4mpferische Schutzherrin der Sch\\u00f6pfung. Sie wird typisch mit acht oder zehn Armen dargestellt, in denen sie die Waffen aller G\\u00f6tter tr\\u00e4gt (Dreizack von Shiva, Diskus von Vishnu, Blitz von Indra usw.). Sie reitet auf einem Tiger oder L\\u00f6wen. Im zentralen <\/span>Mythos<\/p><\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Kim jest bogini Durga w hinduizmie?\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"Durga (sanskryt, Niedost\u0119pna) jest jedn\u0105 z najwa\u017cniejszych postaci wielkiej bogini (Mahadevi) w hinduizmie \u2013 matczyno-wojownicz\u0105 opiekunk\u0105 stworzenia. Przedstawiana jest zazwyczaj z o\u015bmioma lub dziesi\u0119cioma ramionami, w kt\u00f3rych dzier\u017cy bronie wszystkich bog\u00f3w (tr\u00f3jz\u0105b od Shivy, dysk od Vishnu, b\u0142yskawic\u0119 od Indry itd.).Jedzie na tygrysie lub lwie. W centralnym micie pokonuje demona-bawo\u0142u Mahishasur\u0119, kt\u00f3rego \u017caden z m\u00e4nnskich bog\u00f3w nie by\u0142 w stanie zwyci\u0119\u017cy\u0107 \u2013 st\u0105d przydomek Mahishasuramardini.Co to jest \u015bwi\u0119to Durga Puja?Durga Puja jest najwa\u017cniejszym hinduistycznym \u015bwi\u0119tem w Bengalu Zachodnim i wschodnich Indiach \u2013 dziesi\u0119ciodniow\u0105 uroczysto\u015bci\u0105 w wrze\u015bniu\/pa\u017adzierniku (miesi\u0105c Ashvin), ko\u0144cz\u0105c\u0105 si\u0119 Vijaya Dashami (Dniem Zwyci\u0119stwa). W ka\u017cdej dzielnicy wznoszone s\u0105 du\u017ce tymczasowe sanktuaria (pandal) z kunsztownymi glinianymi figurami Durgi pokonuj\u0105cej Mahishasur\u0119.\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ostatniego dnia figury wnoszone s\u0105 w uroczystych procesjach nad rzek\u0119 i opuszczane do wody \u2013\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"symbol powrotu bogini do kosmicznych prawd. \u015awi\u0119to wpisane jest na list\u0119 niematerialnego dziedzictwa UNESCO.{\\\"@context\\\":\\\"https:\/\/schema.org\\\",\\\"@type\\\":\\\"FAQPage\\\",\\\"mainEntity\\\":[{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Question\\\",\\\"name\\\":\\\"Wer ist die G\\\\u00f6ttin Durga im Hinduismus?\\\",\\\"acceptedAnswer\\\":{\\\"@type\\\":\\\"Answer\\\",\\\"text\\\":\\\"Durga (Sanskrit, die Unzug\\\\u00e4ngliche) ist eine der wichtigsten Erscheinungsformen der gro\\\\u00dfen G\\\\u00f6ttin (Mahadevi) im Hinduismus \\\\u2014 die m\\\\u00fctterlich-k\\\\u00e4mpferische Schutzherrin der Sch\\\\u00f6pfung. Sie wird typisch mit acht oder zehn Armen dargestellt, in denen sie die Waffen aller G\\\\u00f6tter tr\\\\u00e4gt (Dreizack von Shiva, Diskus von Vishnu, Blitz von Indra usw.). Sie reitet auf einem Tiger oder L\\\\u00f6wen. Im zentralen Mythos\"}}]}<\/script>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1727,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Durga","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Durga \u2013 hinduska bogini wojny i poskromicielka demon\u00f3w","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Durga, Kriegsg\u00f6ttin und D\u00e4monenbezwingerin des Hinduismus. Sieg \u00fcber Mahishasura, Durga-Puja, Tiger und die Shakti-Kraft im Pantheon und.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","gefaehrdungsstufe":"3","wesen_kultur":"hinduismus","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[27,53,25],"class_list":["post-15707","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-goetter","category-hinduismus","category-kulturen"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Durga \u2013 hinduska bogini wojny i poskromicielka demon\u00f3w<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Durga, Kriegsg\u00f6ttin und D\u00e4monenbezwingerin des Hinduismus. Sieg \u00fcber Mahishasura, Durga-Puja, Tiger und die Shakti-Kraft im Pantheon und.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Durga\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Durga, Kriegsg\u00f6ttin und D\u00e4monenbezwingerin des Hinduismus. Sieg \u00fcber Mahishasura, Durga-Puja, Tiger und die Shakti-Kraft im Pantheon und.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-09T17:18:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_durga.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/durga\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/durga\\\/\",\"name\":\"Durga \u2013 hinduska bogini wojny i poskromicielka demon\u00f3w\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/durga\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/durga\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_hinduismus_durga.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-04-27T10:36:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-09T17:18:45+00:00\",\"description\":\"Durga, Kriegsg\u00f6ttin und D\u00e4monenbezwingerin des Hinduismus. Sieg \u00fcber Mahishasura, Durga-Puja, Tiger und die Shakti-Kraft im Pantheon und.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/durga\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/durga\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/durga\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_hinduismus_durga.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_hinduismus_durga.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Bogowie z tradycji hinduistycznej.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/durga\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/strona-glowna\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Durga\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/durga\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/durga\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Durga\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-04-27T10:36:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-09T17:18:45+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/durga\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/pl\\\/durga\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/goetter_hinduismus_durga.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"Goetter\",\"Hinduismus\",\"Kulturen\"],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"description\":\"Durga, Kriegsg\u00f6ttin und D\u00e4monenbezwingerin des Hinduismus. Sieg \u00fcber Mahishasura, Durga-Puja, Tiger und die Shakti-Kraft im Pantheon und.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Durga \u2013 hinduska bogini wojny i poskromicielka demon\u00f3w","description":"Durga, Kriegsg\u00f6ttin und D\u00e4monenbezwingerin des Hinduismus. Sieg \u00fcber Mahishasura, Durga-Puja, Tiger und die Shakti-Kraft im Pantheon und.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/","og_locale":"pl_PL","og_type":"article","og_title":"Durga","og_description":"Durga, Kriegsg\u00f6ttin und D\u00e4monenbezwingerin des Hinduismus. Sieg \u00fcber Mahishasura, Durga-Puja, Tiger und die Shakti-Kraft im Pantheon und.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-09T17:18:45+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_durga.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Durga","datePublished":"2026-04-27T10:36:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-09T17:18:45+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_durga.webp","articleSection":["Goetter","Hinduismus","Kulturen"],"inLanguage":"pl-PL","description":"Durga, Kriegsg\u00f6ttin und D\u00e4monenbezwingerin des Hinduismus. Sieg \u00fcber Mahishasura, Durga-Puja, Tiger und die Shakti-Kraft im Pantheon und."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/","name":"Durga \u2013 hinduska bogini wojny i poskromicielka demon\u00f3w","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_durga.webp","datePublished":"2026-04-27T10:36:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-09T17:18:45+00:00","description":"Durga, Kriegsg\u00f6ttin und D\u00e4monenbezwingerin des Hinduismus. Sieg \u00fcber Mahishasura, Durga-Puja, Tiger und die Shakti-Kraft im Pantheon und.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pl-PL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_durga.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_durga.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Bogowie z tradycji hinduistycznej."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/strona-glowna\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Durga"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pl-PL"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Durga","datePublished":"2026-04-27T10:36:00+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-09T17:18:45+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/durga\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_hinduismus_durga.webp","articleSection":["Goetter","Hinduismus","Kulturen"],"inLanguage":"pl-PL","description":"Durga, Kriegsg\u00f6ttin und D\u00e4monenbezwingerin des Hinduismus. Sieg \u00fcber Mahishasura, Durga-Puja, Tiger und die Shakti-Kraft im Pantheon und."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15707","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15707"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15707\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1727"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15707"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15707"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}