{"id":12793,"date":"2026-04-26T11:25:16","date_gmt":"2026-04-26T11:25:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/totengottheiten-2\/"},"modified":"2026-06-17T10:45:21","modified_gmt":"2026-06-17T10:45:21","slug":"doodsgodheden","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/nl\/doodsgodheden\/","title":{"rendered":"Doodsgodheden"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"12793\" class=\"elementor elementor-12793 elementor-1822 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Doodsgodheden, heersers van de onderwereld<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Godheden die heersen over het dodenrijk, het hiernamaals of de overgang van leven naar dood. Hades, Anubis, Yamaraja, cultuuroverstijgend hoeders van de onderwereld.<\/p><p>In de vergelijking van doodsgodheden zijn cultuuroverstijgende functiepatronen zichtbaar.<\/p><p>Als heersers van de onderwereld bewaken zij de overgang van leven naar dood.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Thema-overzicht: Hub-pagina met vergelijkingsperspectief op een overkoepelende wezensfunctie (hooggodheden, dodenboden, watergeesten enz.), cultuuroverstijgend.\">Thema-overzicht<\/span><span class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Cultuuroverstijgend verschijnsel, in meerdere culturen met verwante structuren gedocumenteerd.\">Overkoepelend<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Es wurden keine \\u00dcberschriften auf dieser Seite gefunden.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas 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class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tInhoudsopgave\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open inhoudsopgave\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Sluit inhoudsopgave\"><svg 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975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_sub_totengottheiten-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1855\" alt=\"Totengottheiten - kulturuebergreifende Sammelillustration der Goetter-Sub-Kategorie\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_sub_totengottheiten-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_sub_totengottheiten-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_sub_totengottheiten-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/goetter_sub_totengottheiten.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-s1 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"wmd-s1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-h1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"wmd-h1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Snel overzicht (definitielijst)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-s1-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"wmd-s1-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-t1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"wmd-t1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Type:<\/strong> God \/ heerser van het hiernamaals Klasse: Doodsgodheden Verspreiding: Alle grote pantheons Hoofdkenmerken: Heerschappij over de onderwereld, zielengericht, neutraliteit\/rechtvaardigheid, vaak somber of afstandelijk Verwante ondercategorie\u00ebn: Hooggodheden, anti-goden, beschermingsgodheden<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-s2 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"wmd-s2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-h2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"wmd-h2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Begriff en afbakening<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-s2-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"wmd-s2-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-t2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"wmd-t2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Doodsgodheden onderscheiden zich van louter personificaties van de dood doordat zij actieve autoriteit uitoefenen: zij oordelen, zij organiseren het hiernamaals, zij handhaven regels. Zij zijn geen kwade demonen, maar veeleer bestuurders van een noodzakelijk domein.<\/p><p>Anders dan hooggodheden, die over alles heersen, hebben doodsgodheden beperkte autoriteit \u2013 uitsluitend over de doden en hun rijken. En anders dan wraakgeesten of demonen, die handelen vanuit persoonlijke motieven, handelt een doodsgodheid uit plicht.<\/p><div><h3>Functie en afbakening<\/h3><p>Doodsgodheden zijn goddelijke instanties waarvan de bevoegdheid betrekking heeft op de dood, de onderwereld en de overledenen. Van dodengeesten (overleden mensen) en dodenboden (bemiddelaars) onderscheiden zij zich door hun goddelijke status en hun positie in het <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"De totaliteit van de goden van een religie of cultuur.\" tabindex=\"0\">pantheon<\/span>.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Het onderzoek (Hans-Peter Hasenfratz, <em>Die Religion der Germanen<\/em>, 1992; Walter Burkert, <em>Griechische Religion<\/em>, 1977) toont aan dat zij in ontwikkelde pantheons een zelfstandige positie innemen, vaak als broers of zussen van de hogere goden: Hades als broer van Zeus, Hel als dochter van Loki, Anubis en Osiris in Egypte.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-s3 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"wmd-s3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-h3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"wmd-h3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cultuurhistorische voorbeelden<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-s3-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"wmd-s3-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-t3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"wmd-t3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>De Griekse Hades is rijk en machtig, maar niet boosaardig; hij heerst over zijn onderwereld met strikte regels en verwacht respect. Hij is tevens god van de rijkdommen, de onder de aarde verborgen mineralen; zijn rijk is geen louter strafplaats.<\/p><p>De Egyptische Anubis met zijn jakhalshoofd is heer van de balsemkunst en rechter over de doden; de beroemde weegsc\u00e8ne toont hem terwijl hij het hart van de overledene afweegt tegen de veer van de waarheid. De Egyptische Osiris, oorspronkelijk vruchtbaarheidsgod, werd na zijn rituele uiteenrukking en herstel door Isis tot koning van de onderwereld \u2013 een god die zelf dood is en juist daardoor de doden leidt.<\/p><p>De hindoe\u00efstische Yamaraja is een strenge rechter wiens zoon Chitragupta elk handelen optekent; hij zetelt in het zuiden en laat zich slechts door bijzondere verdiensten verzoenen. De Germaanse Hel is een androgyne godin, half levend, half dood, die over haar gelijknamige rijk heerst \u2013 niet wreed, maar onvermijdelijk.<\/p><p>De Mesopotamische Nergal ten slotte is god van de pest en de onderwereld, een gevreesde maar noodzakelijke heerser.<\/p><div><h3>Voorbeelden uit de hoogculturen<\/h3><p>De Griekse traditie kent Hades als heerser van de onderwereld, die niet tegen de levenden optreedt maar de overledenen beheert. De Egyptische traditie kent Anubis als geleider van de doden en Osiris als rechter en koning van het dodenrijk Duat.<\/p><p>De Noordse traditie kent Hel als heerseres van het gelijknamige rijk en Ran als verzamelaarster van degenen die in zee verdronken zijn. De hindoe\u00efstische traditie kent Yama als de eerste sterveling en daarmee de eerste koning van de doden.<\/p><p>De Chinese traditie kent Yanluo Wang als koning van de tien hellen, een synthese van Indiase Yama-voorstellingen en Chinese volkstraditie. De Azteekse traditie kent Mictlantecuhtli als heerser van de diepste laag van de onderwereld.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-s4 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"wmd-s4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-h4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"wmd-h4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stand van de bronnen<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-s4-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"wmd-s4-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-t4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"wmd-t4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Doodsgodheden zijn in alle antieke mythologie\u00ebn gedocumenteerd: in de Griekse bronnen (Homerus, Hesiodus), de Egyptische literatuur (Dodenboek), de hindoe\u00efstische traditie (Pur\u0101\u1e47a&#8217;s, Mahabharata), de Germaanse sagen en de Mesopotamische tabletten.<\/p><p>De Tibetaans-boeddhistische traditie kent Yama als rechterfiguur in de afbeeldingen van de Bardo.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-s5 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"wmd-s5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-h5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"wmd-h5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hedendaagse betekenis \/ verwante wezens<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-s5-bw e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"wmd-s5-bw\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-wmd-t5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"wmd-t5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>Voorstellingen van doodsgodheden bepalen tot op heden de metafysica van de dood en de beelden van het hiernamaals. De Grim Reaper van de westerse populaire cultuur is een geseculariseerde variant. Psychologisch staan doodsgodheden voor het vermogen om de eigen dood te rationaliseren en te structureren.<\/p><p>In het moderne paganisme worden <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tijdperk van de Griekse en Romeinse cultuur, ongeveer 800 v. Chr. tot 600 n. Chr.\" tabindex=\"0\">antieke<\/span> doodsgodheden opnieuw vereerd, als blijk van respect voor een natuurlijk domein. Verwante wezens zijn hooggodheden, anti-goden en dodenboden.<\/p><h3>Doodsgodheden en politieke <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"De wetenschappelijke leer over God en het geloof van een religie.\" tabindex=\"0\">theologie<\/span><\/h3><p>Doodsgodheden hebben in veel antieke culturen een politieke dimensie. De Egyptische Osiris is heer van de doden en tegelijkertijd model van de gestorven farao \u2013 elke gestorven farao wordt de \u201eOsiris N&#8221;; de koninklijke <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"De wetenschappelijke leer over God en het geloof van een religie.\" tabindex=\"0\">theologie<\/span> is een directe adaptatie van de Osiris-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Een overgeleverd verhaal over goden, oorsprongen en de ordening van de wereld.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythe<\/span>.<\/p><p>De Mesopotamische Ereshkigal als heerseres van de doden staat in een dynastiek verwantschapssysteem met de levende goden. In de Griekse Hades-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Een overgeleverd verhaal over goden, oorsprongen en de ordening van de wereld.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythe<\/span> is de politieke dimensie sterker geseculariseerd, maar de kosmische driedeling tussen Zeus (hemel), Poseidon (zee) en Hades (onderwereld) is expliciet als machtsindeling geconstrueerd.<\/p><h3>Eschatologie en individuele religiositeit<\/h3><p>De functie van de doodsgodheden verschuift in de loop van de religiegeschiedenis van een collectieve <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"De totaliteit van de overgeleverde godenverhalen van een cultuur.\" tabindex=\"0\">mythologie<\/span> naar een individuele eschatologie. In de Egyptische piramideteksten gaat het aanvankelijk alleen om de farao; in de latere kistenteksten en het Dodenboek om de reis van elke individuele overledene.<\/p><p>In de hellenistische mysteriecultussen en in het christendom wordt de individuele verhouding tot de doodsgodheid centraal. Deze verschuiving markeert de overgang van collectieve naar individuele religiositeit.<\/p><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><p><strong>Geselecteerde bibliografie over doodsgodheden:<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet><strong>Burkert, Walter<\/strong>: <em>Griechische Religion der archaischen und klassischen Epoche. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1977.<\/em><\/span><\/li><\/ul><p style=\"font-size:0.9em;opacity:0.85\"><em>Opmerking:<\/em> Deze selectie dient ter ori\u00ebntatie; detailbijdragen volgen een eigen, gecureerde bronnenlijst.<\/p><\/div><\/footer><div><h3>iWell-Guard-standpunt over doodsgodheden<\/h3><p>Doodsgodheden zijn in de iWell-Guard-classificatie een traditionele categorie van de godenklasse. Zij worden niet zonder meer in verband gebracht met zwarte <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Praktijken die door bijzondere handelingen of formules willen ingrijpen in de loop der dingen.\" tabindex=\"0\">magie<\/span>; hun functie in de pantheons is religiehistorisch legitiem en verankerd in de traditie van de dodenverering.<\/p><p>Het beschermings-<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Een heilige lettergreep of formule die in het hindoe\u00efsme en boeddhisme herhaaldelijk wordt uitgesproken.\" tabindex=\"0\">mantra<\/span> richt zich niet tegen doodsgodheden als zodanig, maar tegen de necromantische <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Het biddend of bezwerend aanspreken van een godheid of macht.\" tabindex=\"0\">aanroeping<\/span> van doodsgodheden met het doel levende dragers te schaden. Een uitvoerige behandeling biedt <a href=\"\/nl\/necromantie\/\">\/nekromantie\/<\/a>.<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Verdere standaardwerken in het <a href=\"\/nl\/literatuur\/\">literatuuroverzicht<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1855,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Doodsgodheden","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Hades, Anubis, Osiris en Yamaraja","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Doodsgodheden heersen over de onderwereld en het hiernamaals. 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