{"id":166126,"date":"2026-09-05T12:43:26","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T12:43:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=166126"},"modified":"2026-09-05T12:52:07","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T12:52:07","slug":"gallu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/","title":{"rendered":"Gallu"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"166126\" class=\"elementor elementor-166126 elementor-724\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gallu, syaitan dari tradisi Mesopotamia<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Roh dunia bawah, utusan dan pelaksana alam akhirat.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"D\u00e8mon: Wesen ghaib yang kebanyakannya membawa kesan membahayakan atau bercampur baur. Berada di antara dewa dan manusia, menyebabkan penyakit, godaan atau nasib buruk dan ditangkis melalui jampi, benda apotropaik dan ritual.\">D\u00e8mon<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/?page_id=166120\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Tempat lahir agama yang direkodkan, Sumer, Akkad, Babylon, Assyria (kira-kira 3500 SM hingga 330 SM).\">Mesopotamia<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Tidak ada tajuk yang dijumpai pada halaman ini.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tKandungan\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-168243\" alt=\"Gallu - Roh-roh dari tradisi Mesopotamia, ilustrasi bersejarah\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gallu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gallu ialah <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Wujud kerohanian yang dikaitkan dengan kesan berbahaya atau bercampur baik dan buruk.\" tabindex=\"0\">syaitan<\/span> dari tradisi Mesopotamia.<\/p><p>Gall\u00fb tergolong antara sosok syaitan tertua yang tercatat di Mesopotamia. Mereka berkait rapat dengan dunia bawah dan penguasanya, Ere\u0161kigal, dan muncul dalam mitos serta teks ritual sebagai pelaksana kematian. Ciri khas mereka adalah sifat menjauhkan diri: teks-teks menekankan bahawa mereka tidak menerima makanan atau minuman, tidak mengenal pemberian atau kemanisan. Mereka tidak boleh dirunding.<\/p><p>Dalam kisah terkenal tentang perjalanan Inanna ke dunia bawah, Gall\u00fb-lah yang menuntut pengganti untuk sang dewi dan membawa Dumuzi ke dunia bawah. Babak ini membentuk gambaran mereka hingga kini: Gall\u00fb adalah utusan yang datang apabila waktu seseorang manusia sudah tamat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil Ringkas: Gallu<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gallu (Akkad: gal-lu, &#8220;Yang Agung&#8221;) adalah wujud syaitan atau roh dunia bawah dalam <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Keseluruhan kisah dewa-dewi yang diwarisi dalam sesuatu budaya.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologi<\/span> Mesopotamia. Mereka tercatat dalam teks tulisan paku dari Sumer hingga Babylon dan sering digambarkan sebagai bawahan kepada dewi dunia bawah Ereshkigal atau dewa maut Nergal. Mereka melambangkan penyakit, wabak dan kematian mengejut.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Konteks<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zeitraum der Texte<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Rekod tentang Gall\u00fb merangkumi dari mitos Sumer awal (milenium ke-3 SM) hingga zaman Babylon Baru dan Akhemenid. Tidak ada jenis syaitan lain yang didokumentasikan secara begitu konsisten sepanjang sejarah budaya Mesopotamia.<\/p><p><strong>Kedudukan Mitologi<\/strong><\/p><p><em>Gallu<\/em>, salah satu syaitan dunia bawah, adalah wujud yang berkhidmat kepada <em>Ereshkigal<\/em>, ratu dunia bawah. <em>Gallu<\/em> tidak semestinya jahat dari segi moral, tetapi lebih merupakan agen kehendak <em>Ereshkigal<\/em>, pelaksana perintahnya, penangkap jiwa dan pengiring roh orang mati ke dunia bawah.<\/p><p>Mereka ditakuti kerana kedatangan mereka menandakan kematian. <em>Gallu<\/em> juga boleh difahami sebagai syaitan penyakit dan kematian pantas yang membawa manusia dari dunia atas. Mereka melambangkan sifat tidak dapat dielakkan dan objektif kematian.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kawasan Penyebaran<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Gallu terutamanya didokumentasikan dalam siri lempeng tanah liat Babylon dan Assyria, khususnya dalam naskhah tentang perjalanan ke dunia bawah (kitaran Inanna-Ereshkigal, dan sebahagian teks selari dalam bahasa Hittite). Mereka ditakuti di seluruh Mesopotamia dari Sumer hingga Assyria dan ditangkis melalui jampi serta ritual perlindungan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Status Sumber<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sumber tentang Gallu bersifat berpecah-pecah. Teks utama ialah mitos dan senarai dalam tulisan paku dari zaman Babylon Lama (kira-kira 1800, 1600 SM) serta teks selari Assyria yang lebih kemudian.<\/p><p>Para ahli Assyriologi seperti Bott\u00e9ro, Wiggermann dan Schwemer telah menganalisis warisan ini dan meletakkannya dalam konteks demonologi Mesopotamia. Pengenalan pasti yang tepat bagi setiap jenis Gallu sukar dilakukan hari ini kerana lempeng-lempeng sering rosak sebahagian dan mempunyai variasi nama.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nama dan Tulisan<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Sumer:<\/strong> <em>gal-l\u00e1<\/em>.<br>Akkad: <em>gall\u00fb<\/em>.<br>Lazim disebut sebagai kumpulan: sering &#8220;tujuh Gall\u00fb&#8221;, suatu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Unsur kandungan yang berulang dalam seni atau naratif.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> nombor genap yang tipikal dalam demonologi Mesopotamia.<\/p><p>Etimologinya masih diperdebatkan; ada yang membincangkan kaitan dengan istilah untuk &#8220;pelaksana&#8221; atau &#8220;kekerasan&#8221;. Lebih penting daripada asal usul kata ialah peranan tetap mereka: Gall\u00fb sentiasa menjadi alat pelaksana, jarang menjadi tokoh tersendiri. Mereka biasanya muncul secara berkumpulan, bertindak atas perintah dunia bawah dan tidak bernama.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Penerangan<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Rupa<\/strong><\/p><p>Teks-teks menggambarkan Gall\u00fb lebih kepada apa yang mereka <em>bukan<\/em>. Mereka tidak mengenal makanan, tidak mengenal dahaga, tidak mengenal pemberian, tidak mengenal kemanisan. Di tempat-tempat gambaran visual dapat dikesan, mereka tampak kabur, menggerunkan dan sukar ditentukan bentuknya. Justeru mereka lebih tergolong dalam kategori syaitan Mesopotamia yang tidak tergambar dengan jelas.<\/p><p><strong>Kelakuan<\/strong><\/p><p>Gall\u00fb datang untuk mengambil. Mereka membawa jiwa orang yang nazak ke dunia bawah, menuntut pengganti apabila susunan tatanan terganggu, dan melaksanakan hukuman alam kematian. Tindakan mereka bertujuan jelas dan tidak boleh dirunding; pemberian atau jampi hanya berkesan dalam batasan ritual yang sempit.<\/p><p><strong>Ruang Pengaruh<\/strong><\/p><p>Peralihan antara hidup dan mati, katil kematian, tempat kematian ganas, situasi ambang ritual. Mereka bertindak di mana keputusan hidup atau mati dibuat, atau di mana tatanan kosmik menuntut pengganti.<\/p><p><strong>Asal Mitologi<\/strong><\/p><p>Gall\u00fb adalah pelayan dunia bawah, terutamanya Ere\u0161kigal. Dalam &#8220;Perjalanan Inanna ke Dunia Bawah&#8221;, mereka muncul sebagai kumpulan yang memaksa sang dewi turun ke dunia bawah dan kemudian menuntut Dumuzi sebagai pengganti. Peranan mereka jelas ditetapkan secara struktural: mereka adalah alat lanjutan dunia bawah dalam kalangan yang hidup.<\/p><p><strong>Rupa dan Lambang<\/strong><\/p><p><em>Gallu<\/em> sering digambarkan sebagai sosok gelap yang menggerunkan dengan ciri-ciri luar biasa, mungkin bertubuh haiwan (singa, lembu jantan), bermata menyala serta bercakar atau berkuku. Mereka juga boleh digambarkan berbentuk manusia dengan ciri-ciri syaitan, bertanduk, bermuka hitam legam dan berwajah mengerikan.<\/p><p><em>Gallu<\/em> sering membawa belenggu atau rantai, kerana mereka adalah penculik dan pengikat. Tubuh mereka gelap, sering berwarna hitam atau merah tua. Mereka bergerak pantas dan tanpa dijangka. Kehadiran mereka sejuk dan menakutkan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Profil: Gallu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Aspek terpenting Gall\u00fb secara ringkas. Huraian lanjut tentang nama, penggambaran, cara mengelak dan bandingan boleh didapati dalam bahagian-bahagian berikut.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Asal Usul Gallu<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pelayan dunia bawah, terutamanya Ere\u0161kigal. Sering disebut sebagai kumpulan, &#8220;tujuh Gall\u00fb&#8221;. Bukan sosok individu, tetapi pelaksana kolektif.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kumpulan Sasaran Gallu<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Orang yang nazak, manusia dalam situasi ambang ritual, pelanggar tabu, orang yang bersalah, orang gantian sebagai tukaran bagi orang lain (seperti Dumuzi bagi Inanna).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Rupa Gallu<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tidak jelas, sengaja disembunyikan: &#8220;tidak makan apa-apa makanan, tidak minum air, tidak mengenal kemanisan&#8221;. Kabur, menggerunkan, tidak tetap bentuknya.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Wirkungsbereich<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kematian mengejut, perampasan jiwa, penyakit yang berlaku pantas, tindakan yang berlandaskan <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Berkaitan dengan tatacara keagamaan yang tetap.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span>. Kedatangan mereka tidak boleh dirunding, hanya boleh dilambatkan atau dialihkan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Perlindungan<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sihiran dengan permintaan agar kembali ke dunia bawah, ritual penyucian, korban gantian (sosok pengganti yang dibawa sebagai ganti manusia).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vergleichbares<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Erinyes dan Keres (Yunani), Thanatos (Yunani), Tzitzimime (Aztec), motif utusan-kematian di Eropah, watak Malaikat Maut dalam kepercayaan rakyat kemudian.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Perlindungan dalam Kehidupan Seharian<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ritual penangkisan<\/strong><\/p><p>Ritual menentang Gall\u00fb tidak bertujuan memusnahkan mereka, tetapi menangguhkan atau mengalihkan tindakan mereka. Prinsip yang dikenali ialah gantian: sebuah sosok gantian simbolik, seekor haiwan, atau patung kecil daripada doh atau tanah liat, &#8220;diserahkan&#8221; kepada Gall\u00fb sebagai ganti manusia. <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Elemen kandungan yang berulang dalam seni atau penceritaan.\" tabindex=\"0\">Motif<\/span> ini mencapai bentuk mitologi yang paling kuat dalam &#8220;Perjalanan Inanna ke Dunia Bawah&#8221;.<\/p><p><strong>Sihiran<\/strong><\/p><p>Jampi memanggil Gall\u00fb, menamakan asal usul mereka dan menyuruh mereka kembali ke dunia bawah. Selalunya sesuatu autoriti ketuhanan turut dipanggil, yang tugasnya membolehkan pengalihan itu. Strukturnya kekal serupa dalam semua sihiran Mesopotamia: mengenal pasti, mengesahkan, menghantar pulang.<\/p><p><strong>Azimat dan simbol pelindung<\/strong><\/p><p>Azimat yang khusus menentang Gall\u00fb bukanlah tumpuan utama; yang lebih penting ialah peraturan kesucian dan ritual pelindung kolektif untuk rumah, tempat atau bandar. Perlindungan bergantung bukan pada objek, tetapi lebih pada disiplin ritual dan hubungan yang betul dengan para dewa.<\/p><p><strong><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Keseluruhan tindakan penyembahan keagamaan terhadap sesuatu dewa atau sosok suci.\" tabindex=\"0\">Pemujaan<\/span> dan penyembahan<\/strong><\/p><p><em>Gallu<\/em> tidak disembah secara langsung seperti dewa, tetapi ditakuti dan ditangkis melalui sihiran serta jampi pelindung. Azimat pelindung menentang <em>Gallu<\/em> sering digunakan, terutamanya di rumah yang menempatkan orang sakit atau nazak.<\/p><p>Ahli sihir dan imam menjalankan ritual pelindung untuk menghalau <em>Gallu<\/em>. Namun, kadangkala ahli sihir memanggil <em>Gallu<\/em> dalam <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Amalan yang berusaha mempengaruhi jalannya sesuatu melalui tindakan atau jampi khusus.\" tabindex=\"0\">sihir<\/span> untuk mencederakan musuh atau mencapai hasil yang pantas. <em>Gallu<\/em> dilayan dengan rasa takut dan ngeri, bukan dengan penghormatan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gallu, persamaan dalam budaya lain<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Dunia Yunani-Rom<\/strong><\/p><p>Keres dan Erinyes adalah persamaan fungsi yang paling jelas. Keres mengambil jiwa mereka yang gugur, Erinyes membalas dendam darah. Thanatos sebagai personifikasi kematian mengambil peranan utusan yang serupa dan motifnya berterusan dalam gambaran Rom dan Hellenistik kemudian.<\/p><p><strong>Amerika Tengah:<\/strong> Tzitzimime Aztec ialah roh malam yang mengancam kehidupan manusia pada saat-saat kritikal kitaran kosmik. Peranan mereka sebagai pelaksana kemungkinan kiamat kosmik menyerupai struktur dan fungsi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Elemen kandungan yang berulang dalam seni atau penceritaan.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> Gall\u00fb.<\/p><p><strong>Eropah (khazanah rakyat kemudian)<\/strong><\/p><p>Watak Malaikat Maut zaman pertengahan dan moden Eropah merangkumi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Elemen kandungan yang berulang dalam seni atau penceritaan.\" tabindex=\"0\">motif<\/span> pembawa kematian yang tidak berperibadi dan tidak boleh dirunding. Walaupun garis hubungan langsung tidak dapat dibuktikan, corak asasnya kelihatan sama: seorang utusan yang datang apabila waktu telah tamat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp6b4c7f2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp6b4c7f2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf63bbd9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpf63bbd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gallu dalam kisah Perjalanan Inanna ke Dunia Bawah<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpb2f05e6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpb2f05e6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp090b38f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp090b38f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kemunculan sastera Gallu yang paling penting terdapat dalam <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sebuah kisah warisan tentang dewa-dewa, asal usul dan susunan dunia.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitos<\/span> Sumeria mengenai Perjalanan Inanna ke Dunia Bawah dan sambungannya berkenaan dewa gembala Dumuzi. Teks ini terpelihara pada kepingan tanah liat dan tergolong dalam karya sastera Sumeria yang telah disusun semula secara terperinci.<\/p><p>Dewi Inanna turun ke dunia bawah, iaitu kerajaan saudarinya Ereschkigal, dan di sana dia dibunuh serta digantung pada sebatang tiang.<\/p><p>Melalui campur tangan dewa Enki, dia dihidupkan semula, tetapi dunia bawah tidak membebaskan sesiapa tanpa gantian. Inanna terpaksa menamakan seorang wakil yang akan turun sebagai gantinya. Semasa naik, dia diiringi oleh Gallu, iaitu roh-roh dunia bawah.<\/p><p>Teks tersebut menggambarkan Gallu ini dengan sangat mendalam. Mereka tidak mengenal kelaparan mahupun dahaga, tidak makan makanan dan tidak minum air, tidak menerima persembahan mahupun rasuah. Mereka tidak mengenal keluarga, anak-anak, ataupun persahabatan.<\/p><p>Mereka merentap wanita daripada pelukan lelaki dan kanak-kanak daripada dada pengasuhnya. Dengan itu, mereka menjadi lawan tepat kepada mana-mana pihak manusia atau ketuhanan yang boleh dirunding.<\/p><p>Sebagai gantian bagi Inanna, akhirnya suaminya Dumuzi dipilih, kerana dia tidak berkabung untuknya. Gallu memburu Dumuzi, dia melarikan diri dan menjelma dalam berbagai bentuk, tetapi akhirnya ditangkap dan diseret ke dunia bawah.<\/p><p>Hanya melalui <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Persembahan kepada sesuatu dewa untuk menyatakan syukur, permintaan atau penghormatan.\" tabindex=\"0\">korban<\/span> saudaranya Geschtinanna, yang mengambil tempatnya sebahagian daripada tahun, nasibnya diringankan. Gallu dalam kisah ini adalah pelaksana yang tidak boleh disogok bagi susunan dunia bawah.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa089d48 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpa089d48\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp08389ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp08389ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gallu dalam teks sihiran dan penangkisan penyakit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2638a3d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp2638a3d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp62342d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp62342d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Di luar sastera naratif, Gallu muncul terutamanya dalam teks-teks jampi dan penangkis di Mesopotamia. Teks-teks ini, yang tercatat dalam bahasa Akkad dan Sumeria pada pelbagai tablet, berfungsi untuk melindungi daripada penyakit, malapetaka dan serangan iblis.<\/p><p>Dalam bentuk Akkad, nama itu muncul sebagai <em>gallu<\/em> atau digabungkan dengan sebutan iblis lain. Satu kumpulan yang kerap disebut adalah Tujuh Iblis, sekumpulan roh jahat yang senaraikannya sering menyebut Gallu.<\/p><p>Teks-teks ini menggambarkan bagaimana iblis-iblis ini menembusi pintu dan penghadang, bergerak di sepanjang jalan dan dinding, serta menyerang manusia tanpa dapat dilawan.<\/p><p>Penangkisan dilakukan oleh imam jampi, yang di Mesopotamia dipanggil <em>aschipu<\/em>. Mereka melafazkan jampi tetap, memanggil dewa-dewa besar, terutamanya Ea, anaknya Marduk dan dewa api, untuk melawan iblis-iblis tersebut, serta melakukan upacara pengiring seperti mempamerkan atau membakar patung gantian, mengasapi dengan wangian dan menyimbah air.<\/p><p>Figura pelindung dan azimat memainkan peranan penting dalam amalan ini. Daripada rumah-rumah Mesopotamia dijumpai patung tanah liat kecil berbentuk wesen pelindung yang ditanam di bawah ambang pintu, serta plak bertulis.<\/p><p>Bukti ini menunjukkan bahawa Gallu bukanlah sekadar wesen mitos abstrak bagi masyarakat, tetapi ancaman nyata yang dapat dirasai, yang untuknya terdapat repertoir ritual yang tersusun rapi. Teks-teks ini menyatukan demonologi dan perubatan menjadi satu kesatuan, di mana penyakit dan serangan iblis sering merujuk kepada perkara yang sama.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp151a219 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp151a219\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpff1f89a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpff1f89a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Daripada perkataan Sumeria kepada iblis Akkad: etimologi dan klasifikasi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp762d4d1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp762d4d1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpddc3fe0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpddc3fe0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nama Gallu menimbulkan beberapa persoalan dari segi sejarah bahasa dan agama yang dibincangkan dalam bidang Asiriologi. Perkataan itu berasal dari bahasa Sumeria dan dalam rekod paling awal merujuk kepada iblis dunia bawah, seorang khidmat atau penjaga alam kematian. Perkataan ini kemudiannya diserap ke dalam bahasa Akkad sebagai pinjaman.<\/p><p>Para penyelidik meletakkan Gallu dalam sistem yang lebih besar bagi wesen-wesen rendahan Mesopotamia. Sistem ini mengandungi pelbagai sebutan iblis, termasuk <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/?page_id=165905\">Utukku<\/a>, Rabisu, Lilu dan lain-lain, yang sebahagiannya jelas berbeza dan sebahagian lagi bertindih. Gallu tergolong dalam kumpulan wesen yang berkaitan dengan dunia bawah dan dengan penyingkiran manusia secara ganas.<\/p><p>Satu persoalan lain berkaitan dengan kemungkinan kesinambungan perkataan ini. Dalam tradisi Aram lewat dan tradisi Yahudi, terdapat sebutan iblis yang dari segi sebutan menyerupai <em>gallu<\/em>, dan telah dipertimbangkan sama ada ini merupakan satu garis penerusan warisan daripada Mesopotamia.<\/p><p>Persoalan ini belum dapat diselesaikan secara muktamad; persamaan sebutan semata-mata bukanlah bukti, dan peralihan antara sistem-sistem iblis Timur Purba adalah kompleks.<\/p><p>Yang penting untuk difahami adalah bahawa agama Mesopotamia membezakan dengan jelas antara dewa-dewa besar yang bernama dan disembah di kuil-kuil dengan wesen-wesen rendahan seperti Gallu.<\/p><p>Gallu tidak disembah; mereka adalah wesen fungsional dalam susunan kosmik yang tidak dihadapi dengan <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Keseluruhan tindakan penyembahan keagamaan terhadap dewa atau tokoh suci.\" tabindex=\"0\">pemujaan<\/span>, tetapi dengan tindakan penangkisan. Perbezaan ini membentuk keseluruhan hubungan Mesopotamia terhadap perkara yang bersifat iblis.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pautan lanjutan<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/?page_id=166124\">Edimmu, roh orang mati Mesopotamia yang berkaitan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/?page_id=166121\">Lamashtu, dewi iblis Mesopotamia yang berkaitan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/?page_id=166123\">Pazuzu, jampi penangkis terhadap Lamashtu dan iblis berkaitan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/?page_id=165856\">Ereshkigal, penguasa dunia bawah, pemberi arahan kepada Galla<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/?page_id=166261\">Nergal, dewa dunia bawah, sekutu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/?page_id=166342\">Rabisu, iblis &#8220;pengintai&#8221; yang berkaitan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/?page_id=166120\">Tradisi Mesopotamia, konteks keseluruhan<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Sumber dan Kepustakaan<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\" data-nosnippet=\"true\"><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Bott\u00e9ro, Jean: <em>Mesopotamia: Writing, Reasoning, and the Gods<\/em>. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1992.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Black, Jeremy \/ Green, Anthony: <em>Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia<\/em>. British Museum Press, London 1992.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Wiggermann, Frans A.M.: <em>Mesopotamian Protective Spirits: The <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Satu susunan tindakan simbolik yang tersusun dengan makna keagamaan atau kebudayaan.\" tabindex=\"0\">Ritual<\/span> Texts<\/em>. Styx, Groningen 1992.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Foster, Benjamin R.: <em>Before the Muses: An Anthology of Akkadian Literature<\/em>. CDL Press, Bethesda 2005.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Lambert, W. G.: <em>Babylonian Wisdom Literature<\/em>. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1960.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Hee\u00dfel, Nils P.: <em>Babylonisch-assyrische Diagnostik<\/em>. AOAT 43, M\u00fcnster 2000.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-gallu-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-gallu-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-gallu\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-gallu-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-gallu-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">Amalan perlindungan yang diterangkan di sini merupakan pentafsiran kajian agama terhadap tradisi bersejarah. iWell Guard menyambung garis sejarah budaya objek perlindungan yang dibawa ini dan mewakili bentuk kontemporarinya. <a href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">Ketahui lebih lanjut tentang iWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1707,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Gallu","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Gallu - Roh Dunia Bawah, Utusan dan Pelaksana Alam Akhirat","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Gall\u00fb tergolong antara sosok syaitan tertua yang tercatat di Mesopotamia. Mereka berkait rapat dengan dunia bawah dan penguasanya, Ere\u0161kigal","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"4","wesen_kultur":"mesopotamien","wesen_klasse":"daemonen","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-166126","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gallu - Roh Dunia Bawah, Utusan dan Pelaksana Alam Akhirat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Gall\u00fb tergolong antara sosok syaitan tertua yang tercatat di Mesopotamia. Mereka berkait rapat dengan dunia bawah dan penguasanya, Ere\u0161kigal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ms_MY\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gallu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gall\u00fb tergolong antara sosok syaitan tertua yang tercatat di Mesopotamia. Mereka berkait rapat dengan dunia bawah dan penguasanya, Ere\u0161kigal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-05T12:52:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/gallu\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/gallu\\\/\",\"name\":\"Gallu - Roh Dunia Bawah, Utusan dan Pelaksana Alam Akhirat\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/gallu\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/gallu\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-05T12:43:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-05T12:52:07+00:00\",\"description\":\"Gall\u00fb tergolong antara sosok syaitan tertua yang tercatat di Mesopotamia. Mereka berkait rapat dengan dunia bawah dan penguasanya, Ere\u0161kigal\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/gallu\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ms-MY\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/gallu\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ms-MY\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/gallu\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Iblis dari tradisi Mesopotamia.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/gallu\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/?page_id=166119\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Gallu\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ms-MY\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ms-MY\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/gallu\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/gallu\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Gallu\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-05T12:43:26+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-05T12:52:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/gallu\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ms\\\/gallu\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"ms-MY\",\"description\":\"Gall\u00fb tergolong antara sosok syaitan tertua yang tercatat di Mesopotamia. Mereka berkait rapat dengan dunia bawah dan penguasanya, Ere\u0161kigal\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Gallu - Roh Dunia Bawah, Utusan dan Pelaksana Alam Akhirat","description":"Gall\u00fb tergolong antara sosok syaitan tertua yang tercatat di Mesopotamia. Mereka berkait rapat dengan dunia bawah dan penguasanya, Ere\u0161kigal","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/","og_locale":"ms_MY","og_type":"article","og_title":"Gallu","og_description":"Gall\u00fb tergolong antara sosok syaitan tertua yang tercatat di Mesopotamia. Mereka berkait rapat dengan dunia bawah dan penguasanya, Ere\u0161kigal","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-05T12:52:07+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Gallu","datePublished":"2026-09-05T12:43:26+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T12:52:07+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu.webp","inLanguage":"ms-MY","description":"Gall\u00fb tergolong antara sosok syaitan tertua yang tercatat di Mesopotamia. Mereka berkait rapat dengan dunia bawah dan penguasanya, Ere\u0161kigal"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/","name":"Gallu - Roh Dunia Bawah, Utusan dan Pelaksana Alam Akhirat","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-05T12:43:26+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T12:52:07+00:00","description":"Gall\u00fb tergolong antara sosok syaitan tertua yang tercatat di Mesopotamia. Mereka berkait rapat dengan dunia bawah dan penguasanya, Ere\u0161kigal","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ms-MY","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ms-MY","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Iblis dari tradisi Mesopotamia."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/?page_id=166119"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Gallu"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ms-MY"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ms-MY","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ms-MY","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Gallu","datePublished":"2026-09-05T12:43:26+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T12:52:07+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/gallu\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/daemonen_mesopotamien_gallu.webp","inLanguage":"ms-MY","description":"Gall\u00fb tergolong antara sosok syaitan tertua yang tercatat di Mesopotamia. Mereka berkait rapat dengan dunia bawah dan penguasanya, Ere\u0161kigal"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/166126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=166126"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/166126\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1707"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=166126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=166126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}