{"id":182858,"date":"2026-09-06T22:29:58","date_gmt":"2026-09-06T22:29:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=182858"},"modified":"2026-09-06T22:32:38","modified_gmt":"2026-09-06T22:32:38","slug":"padmasambhava","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ku\/padmasambhava\/","title":{"rendered":"\u067e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"182858\" class=\"elementor elementor-182858 elementor-3039 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52e9a7d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"52e9a7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56d75fc e-flex 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elementor-element-864be76 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"864be76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_padmasambhava-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-184439\" alt=\"\u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 - \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06ce\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5 \u062a\u06d5\u0642\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0632\u0645\u060c \u0628\u06d5 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc-\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_padmasambhava-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_padmasambhava-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_padmasambhava-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_padmasambhava.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5748d05 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5748d05\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11a7ae0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"11a7ae0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-882952f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"882952f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u067e\u0627\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df1a168 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"df1a168\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06c6\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u0626\u06c6\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0646 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0645\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06c6\u0646\u06af \u062f\u06ce\u062a\u0633\u0646 (\u0641\u06d5\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0695\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u06b5\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0667\u0665\u0665 \u062a\u0627 \u0667\u0669\u0667) \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0647\u06ce\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5.<\/p><p>\u0644\u06d5 \u062a\u0648\u06ce\u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06ce\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0632\u06c6\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0626\u06c6\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u062f\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06ce\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u0626\u06c6\u062f\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0695\u06c6\u0698\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u06d5 \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9. \u067e\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u067e\u06ce\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u06d5 \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u06a9 \u0647\u06d5\u0628\u0648\u0648\u060c \u0686\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06d5 \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06c6\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u062a\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0645 \u06af\u0648\u0645\u0628\u06d5\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06ce\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0695\u06c6\u062d\u06cc \u062e\u06c6\u062c\u06ce\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p><p>\u067e\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0695\u06c6\u062d\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0632\u0627\u06b5 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u062e\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u06cc. \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06ce \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u06c6 \u0633\u0627\u06b5\u06cc \u0667\u0667\u0669 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0631\u06ce\u062a. \u062f\u06d5\u06cc\u06a4\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0646\u06ce\u0644\u06af\u0631\u06c6\u06a4 \u0648 \u0647\u06cc\u0648 \u0631\u06cc\u0686\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0633\u0646 (\u00abA Cultural History of Tibet\u00bb\u060c \u0644\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06d5\u0646 \u0661\u0669\u0666\u0668) \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u06a9\u06d5 \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0695\u067e\u06ce\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u06ce\u0646\u060c \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u062f\u0627 \u0632\u06c6\u0631\u0628\u06d5\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u0642\u0634\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u06c6 \u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0695\u0634\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0646\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0648\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u060c \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0646\u06af \u06cc\u06cc\u06af (\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627) \u0648 \u067e\u06ce\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06af\u060c \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u00ab\u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc\u00bb (\u062a\u06ce\u0631\u0645\u0627) \u0644\u06d5 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u06d5 (\u062a\u06ce\u0631\u062a\u06c6\u0646) \u06af\u06d5\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u062f\u06d5\u0642\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06cc \u0661\u0664\u06cc\u06d5\u0645 \u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u0626\u06c6\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u06ce\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u067e\u0627 \u0648 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06cc \u0661\u0667\u06cc\u06d5\u0645 \u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06cc \u00ab\u0626\u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u00bb.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0695\u067e\u06ce\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u062f\u06d5\u0642\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06af\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u06c6\u0631 \u06af\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5. \u062c\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u06af\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0633\u06c6 \u0644\u06d5 \u00abApparitions of the Self\u00bb (\u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0661\u0669\u0669\u0668) \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u06ce\u0631\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u062c\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0695\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u06ce\u06a9\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u06a9\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06c6\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u06af\u0631\u0646.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1e027c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f1e027c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0260798 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0260798\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0644\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0628\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u0644\u06c6\u062a\u06c6\u0633<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ebd706 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ebd706\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0628\u06d5\u067e\u06ce\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u06ce\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u06d5\u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u06b5\u06a9\u0648 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u06b5\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0634\u062a \u0633\u0627\u06b5\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u06af\u0648\u06b5\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0644\u06c6\u062a\u06c6\u0633 \u0644\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0686\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06a9\u06c6\u0634\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u062e\u0627\u06a9\u06cc \u0626\u06c6\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u062a.<\/p><p>\u067e\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0626\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0648\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06ce \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u06b5 \u0628\u0648\u0648 \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u062f\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0628\u06d5\u0647\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627\u06b5\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u06a9\u0648\u0695\u06cc \u062e\u06c6\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062a. \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0686\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648 \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0628\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u06c6\u06cc\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u06c6\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u06a9\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0627\u062a\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648.<\/p><p>\u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u06cc \u0632\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0645 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06c6\u06a9\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0647\u0648\u0646\u06d5\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u06a9\u062f\u0627.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5<\/span> \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u062a\u0648\u062e\u0645\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u0632\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u00ab\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u00bb \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06c6\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0627\u062a\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u0695\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u06c6\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2be71c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a2be71c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b10303 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5b10303\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0647\u06d5\u0634\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06d5\u0646<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6317e37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6317e37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u0634\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06d5\u0646\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0626\u06d5\u0698\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06a9\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0644\u06d5 \u0642\u06c6\u0646\u0627\u063a\u06cc \u062c\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06c6\u062e\u06cc \u0695\u06c6\u0634\u0646\u0628\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u0646.<\/p><p>\u0644\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u06af\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u067e\u06c6 (\u067e\u0627\u0634\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06d5)\u060c \u06af\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0644\u06c6\u062f\u06ce\u0646 \u0686\u06c6\u06a9\u0633\u06ce (\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0648)\u060c \u06af\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u067e\u06ce\u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06af\u0646\u06ce (\u0644\u06c6\u062a\u06c6\u0633\u200c\u0644\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0628\u0648\u0648)\u060c \u06af\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 (\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06d5\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0634\u062a\u06cc)\u060c \u06af\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u06a9\u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u06ce\u0646\u06af\u06ce (\u0634\u06ce\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u0628\u06d5 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0695\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0628)\u060c \u06af\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0633\u06ce\u0646\u06af\u06ce \u062f\u0631\u0627\u062f\u06c6\u06a9 (\u0634\u06ce\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u06d5\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634\u0642\u06d5\u060c \u0644\u06d5 \u0645\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0645\u0695\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u0628\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u06af\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0627 \u0626\u06c6\u0632\u06ce\u0631 (\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u06a9\u06cc \u062e\u06c6\u0631\u060c \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u06cc\u06c6\u06af\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u06af\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u062f\u06c6\u0631\u062c\u06ce \u062f\u0631\u06c6\u0644\u06c6 (\u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0648\u0695\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u067e\u06b5\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0641\u0695\u06cc\u0648\u06cc).<\/p><p>\u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0647\u06d5\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06d5 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u06a9\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u0695\u06d5\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u0632\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u06ce\u06a9.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06c6\u0646\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc<\/span> \u0695\u06ce\u06a9\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0641\u0631\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0695\u06ce\u06a9\u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-708cb59 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"708cb59\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b7d36b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5b7d36b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u067e\u06ce\u0646\u062c \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2616577 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2616577\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0695\u06c6\u06b5\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0646\u06af \u0644\u06d5 \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u00ab\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u00bb (\u06cc\u0648\u0645). \u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06ce\u0634\u06ce \u062a\u0633\u06c6\u06af\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0698\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u06b5\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0647\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5. \u06cc\u06ce\u0634\u06ce \u062a\u0633\u06c6\u06af\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06c6\u06a9\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06cc \u062a\u06ce\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p><p>\u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc (\u00abLady of the Lotus-Born\u00bb) \u062a\u06d5\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06cc \u0661\u0667\u06cc\u06d5\u0645 \u0628\u06d5 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0626\u06ce\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u062a\u0648\u06ce\u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 \u0626\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06d5\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5.<\/p><p>\u062c\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u06af\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0633\u06c6 \u0644\u06d5 \u00abWomen in Tibet\u00bb (\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u062a\u0646 \u0662\u0660\u0660\u0665) \u062f\u0627\u06a9\u06c6\u06a9\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u062e\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u06cc\u06ce\u0634\u06ce \u062a\u0633\u06c6\u06af\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0645\u06a9\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u06d5 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0632\u06c6\u0631 \u0626\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u060c \u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0627\u062a\u06d5 \u0695\u06cc\u0632\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f50750 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1f50750\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fe3315 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4fe3315\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc (\u062a\u06ce\u0631\u0645\u0627)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39a3df7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"39a3df7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u06af\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u060c \u0698\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0632\u06c6\u0631 \u0644\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06d5 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\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u06ce\u062a.<\/p><p>\u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u0632\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc terma \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06cc \u00ab\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u00bb\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u067e\u06ce\u0686\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u0628\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u06b5\u06af\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648 \u0648 \u067e\u06d5\u0633\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u06ce\u06a9.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06c6\u0646\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc 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\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u067e\u06ce\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u06a4\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0627<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ad8fb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ad8fb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0641\u06ce\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u062f\u06d5\u0628\u0698\u06ce\u0631\u062f\u0631\u06ce\u0646\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u00ab\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u06d5\u00bb (\u062f\u0632\u06c6\u06af\u0686\u06ce\u0646) 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\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0648\u0648 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0647\u06d5\u0631\u0648\u06d5\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0640\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06b5\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38cfb39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"38cfb39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ada09d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7ada09d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0628\u0627\u06b5\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a7f838d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a7f838d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0686\u06d5 \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u200c\u0695\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0648\u0695\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062e \u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u06c6\u0646\u063a\u06c6\u0644\u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0695\u06ce\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06ce\u062f\u06d5\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06ce\u062a. \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u06a9\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06af (\u00ab\u0626\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u00bb) \u0644\u06d5 \u0644\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u06c6\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06c6\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u067e\u06ce\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0634\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06d5 \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06ce\u06cc\u0646\u06d5 \u0645\u06ce\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u06d5\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p><p>\u06a9\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u00ab\u0686\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u0695\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u00bb (\u0632\u0627\u0646\u06af\u062f\u06c6\u06a9 \u067e\u0627\u0644\u0631\u06cc) \u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0648\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u06a9\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0647\u0627\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u0633\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u06a4\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5 \u0648 \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0648\u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062c\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u0632\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u06a9\u06c6\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0631\u06ce\u062a.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-150951a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"150951a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb7dc95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bb7dc95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0648\u06af\u06c6\u06cc \u0632\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0646<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d8b2c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d8b2c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f \u0644\u06d5\u0648 \u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06d5 \u06af\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u06a9\u06d5\u0633\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0648\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u06c6 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u06ce\u062a. \u0695\u06c6\u0628\u06ce\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0631 \u0648 \u06a9\u06d5\u062b\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u06ce\u06b5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u06a9\u062f\u0627 (\u00abThe Padmasambhava Cycle\u00bb, \u0626\u06c6\u06a9\u0633\u0641\u06c6\u0631\u062f 2013) \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u06b5\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0644\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a.<\/p><p>\u0644\u06d5 \u0642\u06c6\u0646\u0627\u063a\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0686\u0648\u0646\u06a9\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0648\u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u06a9\u0647\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0628\u0645\u06d5\u0632\u0631\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a. \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0695\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6\u0686\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0644\u06d5\u0645 \u00ab\u0633\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u00bb \u062f\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0695\u0648\u0648\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0648\u0646\u06af \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06cc 9\u0640\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06d5 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fba3c9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4fba3c9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca67a71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ca67a71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0626\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0631<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfcc19c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dfcc19c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646: \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0646\u06af \u06cc\u06af (\u06a9\u0631\u06c6\u0646\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627)\u060c \u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06d5 \u0626\u06c6\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u06ce\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u067e\u0627\u061b \u067e\u06ce\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06af\u061b \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06c6 \u062a\u06c6\u062f\u06c6\u0644 (\u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u0644\u06c6\u0641\u06c6\u0646\u06cc \u062e\u06c6\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06c6 \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u062f\u06d5\u0628\u0698\u06ce\u0631\u062f\u0631\u06ce\u062a)\u061b \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc: \u062f\u06d5\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0646\u06ce\u0644\u06af\u0631\u06c6\u06a4 \u0648 \u0647\u06cc\u0648 \u0631\u06cc\u0686\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0633\u06c6\u0646\u060c \u00abA Cultural History of Tibet\u00bb\u060c \u0644\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06d5\u0646 1968\u061b \u062f\u06d5\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0646\u06ce\u0644\u06af\u0631\u06c6\u06a4\u060c \u00abIndo-Tibetan Buddhism\u00bb\u060c \u0644\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06d5\u0646 1987\u061b \u062c\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u06af\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0633\u06c6\u060c \u00abApparitions of the Self\u00bb\u060c \u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0633\u062a\u06c6\u0646 1998\u061b \u06a9\u06d5\u062b\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u06ce\u06b5 \u0648 \u0695\u06c6\u0628\u06ce\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0631\u060c \u00abThe Padmasambhava Cycle\u00bb\u060c \u0626\u06c6\u06a9\u0633\u0641\u06c6\u0631\u062f 2013\u061b \u0695\u06c6\u0628\u06ce\u0631\u062a \u0628\u06c6\u0633\u0648\u06ce\u06b5 \u0648 \u062f\u06c6\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0644\u06c6\u067e\u06ce\u0632\u060c \u00abPrinceton Dictionary of Buddhism\u00bb\u060c \u067e\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0633\u062a\u06c6\u0646 2014\u061b \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0633-\u06cc\u06c6\u0632\u06ce\u0641 \u0646\u06c6\u062a\u0632\u060c \u00abBuddhismus\u00bb\u060c \u0634\u062a\u0648\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0631\u062a 2002.<\/p>\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000<\/div><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f489c6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6f489c6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50de9c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"50de9c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0633\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06ce \u0648 \u00ab\u0633\u06ce \u06af\u06d5\u0648\u0647\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u00bb<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a016ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a016ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06ce\u060c \u0646\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc 50 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u06c6\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u0647\u0627\u0633\u0627\u060c \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0648\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u062a\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06c6\u0646\u06af \u062f\u06ce\u062a\u0633\u06ce\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0631\u06ce\u062a.<\/p><p>\u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u067e\u06d5 \u0633\u06ce\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06d5 (\u00ab\u0633\u06ce \u06af\u06d5\u0648\u0647\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u00bb\u060c ston pa gsum) \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u062f\u0627 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u0628\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u0644\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u0633\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u06ce\u06a9.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06c6\u0646\u06cc<\/span> \u06cc\u06d5\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06cc <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06c6\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 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\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0626\u06c6\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0695\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0646\u06d5\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0647\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u0632\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u06c6\u0633\u0645\u06c6\u0633 \u0646\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u062a.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/span>\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9 \u067e\u06ce\u06a9\u062f\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0695\u06ce\u0632\u0644\u06ce\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f \u0628\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06ce\u062a.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u067e\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u0632\u06af\u0627<\/span>\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a-\u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0648 \u0644\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0695\u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0686\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u067e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0686\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0686\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 108 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u067e\u0627.<\/p><p>\u062f\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0695\u0648\u0648\u062e\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0634 \u0644\u06d5 \u06cc\u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc 1959\u060c \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u06c6\u0698\u06d5\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u00ab\u06a9\u06c6\u0646\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06ce\u00bb \u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06af (\u0644\u06d5 792 \u062a\u0627 794) \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u0628\u0698\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u06c6 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0647\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0626\u06d5\u0645\u06d5\u0634 \u0626\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06ce\u0698\u062e\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0632\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648 \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0695\u0634\u062a.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8734ab e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e8734ab\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb26340 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fb26340\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0647\u06ce\u06b5\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fd23e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6fd23e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0647\u06ce\u06b5\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0641\u06ce\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 (man ngag) \u0628\u06c6 \u0633\u06ce \u0644\u0642\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u0634 \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u0646. \u00ab\u0647\u06ce\u06b5\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06ce\u0698\u00bb (ring brgyud) \u0644\u06d5 \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0627 \u0626\u06ce\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0632\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u00ab\u0647\u06ce\u06b5\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062a\u00bb (nye brgyud) \u0628\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u06cc \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u06d5 (\u062a\u06ce\u0631\u062a\u06c6\u0646)\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0695\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u062e\u06c6\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0645\u062c\u06c6\u0631\u06d5 \u0695\u06ce\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p><p>\u00ab\u0647\u06ce\u06b5\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u00bb (dag snang brgyud)\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06c6\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06c6\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0695\u0627\u0633\u067e\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u06cc \u0695\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u062e\u06c6 \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u06d5\u06af\u0631\u0646. \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u067e\u06ce\u06a9\u0647\u0627\u062a\u06d5 \u0633\u06ce\u0628\u06d5\u0634\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u06d5 \u0648 \u06af\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0632\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0645\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u06c6\u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627-\u06a9\u0627\u06af\u06cc\u0648\u060c \u0633\u0627\u06a9\u06cc\u0627\u060c \u06af\u06ce\u0644\u0648\u06af \u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u06ce\u06b5\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u06d5\u062e\u06c6\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648 \u062f\u06d5\u0647\u06ce\u06b5\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fd8cb80 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fd8cb80\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f063a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f063a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-df6733e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"df6733e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0648\u0627 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u0648\u062a\u0631\u06ce\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06c6\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u00ab\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u00bb 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\u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u06c6\u0645\u06d5\u0644\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06af (\u0633\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc 8 \u062a\u0627 10)\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0634\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06af \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u06ce\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u062c\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u062a \u06af\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0633\u06c6 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0645 \u06a4\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5 \u0686\u06d5\u0646\u062f \u0644\u06ce\u06a9\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u062f\u0627 \u067e\u06d5\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06af \u0648 \u0647\u0627\u06af\u06cc\u06c6\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8c4b2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a8c4b2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d67f8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2d67f8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06c6 \u062a\u06c6\u062f\u06c6\u0644<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d615a27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d615a27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00ab\u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u00bb (\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06c6 \u062a\u06c6\u062f\u06c6\u0644)\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u0644\u06c6\u0641\u06c6\u0646\u06cc \u062e\u06c6\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u06c6 \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u062f\u06d5\u0628\u0698\u06ce\u0631\u062f\u0631\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u06c6\u0698\u0626\u0627\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06ce\u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06af\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc.<\/p><p>\u0628\u06d5\u067e\u06ce\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u06cc\u06ce\u0634\u06ce \u062a\u0633\u06c6\u06af\u06cc\u0627\u0644\u0648\u06d5 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06cc 14\u0640\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u067e\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0648\u0648 \u062a\u06ce\u0631\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u0648\u0648\u06cc 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\u062f\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 \u0686\u06c6\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06d5\u0633\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646 \u06af\u06d5\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0647\u06c6\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0646\u0627\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u06b5\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc (\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06c6) \u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0645\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u062f\u06d5\u0646.<\/p><p>\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0645 \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06ce\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0626\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u06d5\u0631 \u06cc\u06ce\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af \u0626\u06cc\u06a4\u0627\u0646\u0633-\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0648\u06d5 (\u0626\u06c6\u06a9\u0633\u0641\u06c6\u0631\u062f 1927) \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u06af\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u0695\u06c6\u062d\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0695\u06c6\u0698\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0686\u06cc\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0632\u06d5 \u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5. \u0686\u0627\u067e\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u06ce \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u067e\u06ce\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0626\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u0646 \u0695\u06c6\u0628\u06ce\u0631\u062a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u0627\u06b5\u06cc 1994 \u067e\u06ce\u0634\u06a9\u06d5\u0634 \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b544069 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b544069\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fcc070 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5fcc070\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0695\u06d5\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u062c\u06ce \u062f\u0631\u06c6\u0644\u06c6<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8569b80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8569b80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u06af\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u062c\u06ce \u062f\u0631\u06c6\u0644\u06c6\u060c \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06ce\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u0634\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06d5\u0646\u06cc 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\u062f\u06c6\u0631\u062c\u06ce-\u0641\u0648\u0631\u067e\u0627.<\/p><p>\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u06af\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0632\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0686\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5 \u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u062a\u0631.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0646\u06d5\u0642\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648<\/span>\u0648\u06d5 \u062f\u06ce\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u062f\u06d5\u06b5\u06ce\u062a \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u06d5\u0645 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06d5\u0632\u06af\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06c6 \u062a\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc (\u00ab\u0647\u06d5\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0626\u06cc\u0633\u00bb) \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u0644\u06ce\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06b5\u0627\u0646\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u062f \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u062f\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06c6 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5.<\/p><p>\u067e\u06d5\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631\u062c\u06ce \u062f\u0631\u06c6\u0644\u06c6 \u0628\u06d5\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0644\u06d5 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u0632\u06af\u0627 \u0631\u06c6\u0698\u0647\u06d5\u06b5\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0648\u06d5. \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u062c\u06d5\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648 \u0647\u06ce\u0632\u06d5 \u06af\u06c6\u0695\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06c6\u06cc\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0647\u06ce\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0698\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u06c6\u0695\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u06c6 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06ce\u0632\u06d5\u0631\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u0648\u062f\u06ce\u0631\u06cc.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65d51bd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"65d51bd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79206f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"79206f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u06a9\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0646\u06af \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04fb02e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"04fb02e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00ab\u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u06a9\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0646\u06af\u00bb (\u06a9\u062a\u06ce\u0628\u06cc \u0648\u0634\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0627) \u062f\u0631\u06ce\u0698\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0698\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06d5\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5. \u0626\u06c6\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u067e\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06cc 14 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u062a\u06ce\u0631\u0645\u0627 (\u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5) \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 108 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u062e\u06c6 \u06af\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0648\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06c6\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0648\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u06b5\u0626\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0646. \u062a\u0648\u06ce\u0698\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u0646-\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0644\u06c6\u0646\u062f\u06c6 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc\u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u067e\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0628\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06ce\u06a9\u06c6\u06b5\u06cc\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5.<\/p><p>\u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u062f\u0627 \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u06c6\u0646\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u0695\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0633\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06cc 11 \u062a\u0627 12\u060c \u0632\u06c6\u0631\u06ce\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5 \u0686\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u06ce\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u0648\u062a\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u00ab\u067e\u06ce\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646\u06af \u06cc\u06af\u06ce\u0633 \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u0645\u0627\u00bb (\u062d\u06d5\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0628\u06d5\u062a) \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u06ce \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u067e\u0627 (\u0633\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06cc 14) \u0686\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0631\u06c6\u06a9\u06cc \u062c\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u0634\u06a9\u06d5\u0634 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648 \u062f\u06d5\u0642 \u062a\u0627 \u0626\u06ce\u0633\u062a\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u062e\u06c6\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u0648 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u06d5 \u0634\u06ce\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0626\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u0631\u06ce\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062c\u06d5\u0698\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u06ce\u0686\u0648\u0648 \u0644\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5afb269 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5afb269\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a47ed18 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a47ed18\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0647\u06d5\u0634\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06d5\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0628\u06d5 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elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dd743ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u06cc\u0634\u06ce \u062a\u0633\u06c6\u06af\u06cc\u0627\u0644 (\u0646\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc 757 \u062a\u0627 817)\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0648\u0695\u06ce\u06cc \u0695\u06c6\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u0627\u06af\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0646\u06af\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06cc \u062a\u06ce\u0631\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0631\u06ce\u062a. \u062f\u06d5\u06af\u0648\u062a\u0631\u06ce\u062a \u0628\u06d5\u0647\u06c6\u06cc \u0647\u06ce\u0632\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u06c6\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u06d5\u0645\u0648\u0648 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data-tooltip=\"\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06ce\u06a9\u06cc \u0628\u06ce \u0644\u06d5\u0634 \u06a9\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06ce\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0644\u06d5\u0633\u06d5\u0631 \u062c\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06c6 \u0628\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0631\u06ce\u062a.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u0695\u06c6\u062d<\/span>-\u062a\u06ce\u0631\u0645\u0627\u00bb (\u062f\u06af\u06c6\u0646\u06af\u0633 \u06af\u062a\u06ce\u0631\u060c \u0626\u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u06cc).<\/p><p>\u0647\u06d5\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648 \u067e\u06c6\u0644 \u0695\u06ce\u06af\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u0632\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646. \u0631\u06c6\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062f\u0627\u06a4\u06cc\u062f\u0633\u06c6\u0646 (\u00abTibetan Renaissance\u00bb\u060c 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elementor-element-59e7d49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"59e7d49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0648 \u0641\u06ce\u0631\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06c6<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4394f85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4394f85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06ce\u06a9 \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u06c6\u06b5\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0627 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\u0646\u06d5\u0642\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u067e\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u062f\u06d5\u06cc 14 \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u0648\u06d5.<\/p><p>\u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0634\u06d5\u0634 \u0642\u06c6\u0646\u0627\u063a\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06c6 \u0628\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 \u062a\u06ce\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0631\u0641\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0647\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u06c6\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u06a9\u0627\u062a.<\/p><p>\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0648\u06ce\u06a4\u0627\u0633 (\u00abThe Hidden History of the Tibetan Book of the Dead\u00bb\u060c \u0626\u06c6\u06a9\u0633\u0641\u06c6\u0631\u062f 2003) \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06d5\u0642\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u06d5 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u06c6\u0698\u06d5\u0646\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u06a9\u06d5 \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0628\u06d5\u0631\u0647\u06d5\u0645\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u062e\u06c6\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u06d5\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u06d5 \u0695\u06ce\u06af\u06d5\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u06d5\u0631 \u06cc. \u0626\u06cc\u06a4\u0627\u0646\u0633-\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u062a\u0632 (1927) \u0648 \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u06ce\u0695\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0648\u067e \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5.<\/p><p>\u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0648\u06d5\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062a\u0646\u06d5 \u062e\u06c6\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5 \u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5 \u0647\u06c6\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u0644\u06ce\u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06d5\u0648\u06d5\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06c6\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5\u06af\u06d5\u06b5 \u0645\u06d5\u0634\u0642\u06cc \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-542e57d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"542e57d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02bd3e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"02bd3e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u067e\u06ce\u0646\u062c \u067e\u0627\u0634\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06ce\u0631\u062a\u06c6\u0646<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6707d89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6707d89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06d5\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u0646\u062c \u00ab\u067e\u0627\u0634\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06ce\u0631\u062a\u06c6\u0646\u00bb (\u06af\u062a\u06ce\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u06c6\u0646 \u0631\u06af\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u06c6 \u0644\u0646\u06af\u0627) \u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0627\u0633\u06ce\u062a \u06a9\u06d5 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0646\u06af\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06af\u06d5\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0646\u06d5 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06d5\u0646\u0631\u06ce\u0646: \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631\u06ce\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u06cc\u0645\u0627 \u0626\u06c6\u0632\u06ce\u0631 (1124 \u062a\u0627 1192)\u060c \u06af\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0686\u06c6\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06af (1212 \u062a\u0627 1270)\u060c \u062f\u06c6\u0631\u062c\u06ce \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u067e\u0627 (1346 \u062a\u0627 1405)\u060c \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u067e\u0627 (1450 \u062a\u0627 1521) \u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af \u062e\u06cc\u06ce\u0646\u062a\u0633\u06ce \u0648\u0627\u0646\u06af\u067e\u06c6 (1820 \u062a\u0627 1892).<\/p><p>\u0626\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u06d5 \u0647\u06d5\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06d5\u0642 \u0648 \u0646\u06d5\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06d5\u0634\u0642\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06cc\u0648\u06d5\u062a\u06d5\u0648\u06d5. \u0698\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5 \u0644\u06d5 \u0633\u06d5\u0631\u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u062c\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06d5\u060c \u0648 \u0647\u06d5\u0646\u062f\u06ce\u06a9 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u06d5 \u0646\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0634 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u06ce \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u067e\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u067e\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0626\u06c6\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u06ce\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u067e\u0627 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u062f\u06d5\u06a9\u06d5\u0646. \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u06d5\u06cc \u062a\u06ce\u0631\u062a\u06c6\u0646\u06d5 \u062e\u06c6\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u06ce\u0646\u06a9\u06d5\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u067e\u06ce\u063a\u06d5\u0645\u0628\u06d5\u0631\u06ce\u06a9 \u0646\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0646\u060c \u0628\u06d5\u06b5\u06a9\u0648\u0648 \u0648\u06d5\u06a9 \u0632\u0646\u062c\u06cc\u0631\u06d5\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06c6\u0632\u06d5\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u0695\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u060c \u06a9\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0626\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06d5 \u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0648\u06d5 \u0628\u06c6 \u0626\u06d5\u0645 \u0626\u06d5\u0631\u06a9\u06d5 \u0626\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u06d5 \u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0648\u06d5.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d745c7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0d745c7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-957a0b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"957a0b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06d5 \u0628\u0627\u0648\u06d5\u06a9\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d276cda elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d276cda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>\u0626\u0627\u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u06d5\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0647\u0627\u06a4\u0627 \u06a9\u06d5\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u062a\u06cc\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u0648\u06d5\u061f<\/strong> \u0628\u0646\u06d5\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u06ce\u0698\u0648\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0695\u06d5\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06d5: \u0645\u0627\u0645\u06c6\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06d5\u06a9\u06cc 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