{"id":169856,"date":"2026-09-05T14:12:18","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:12:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=169856"},"modified":"2026-09-05T14:58:21","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:58:21","slug":"baltnesk-godafraedi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/is\/baltnesk-godafraedi\/","title":{"rendered":"Baltnesk go\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Baltneskir gu\u00f0ir, Perk\u016bnas og go\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i Lith\u00e1ens og Lettlands<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Baltar, Lith\u00e1ar og Lettar, sem b\u00faa \u00ed n\u00faverandi Lith\u00e1en og Lettlandi, var\u00f0veittu lengst allra \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0a Evr\u00f3pu forkristna tr\u00fa s\u00edna, kristnitakan lauk ekki fyrr en 1387 og \u00e1 \u017demaitija-sv\u00e6\u00f0inu jafnvel ekki fyrr en 1413. \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0kv\u00e6\u00f0in sem kallast Dainas, eldst\u00e6\u00f0issi\u00f0urinn \u00ed kringum gy\u00f0juna Gabiju og tilbei\u00f0sla heimilissl\u00f6ngunnar Zaltys myndu s\u00e9rst\u00e6tt, ind\u00f3evr\u00f3pskt og s\u00e9rlega fornlegt tr\u00faarlag.<\/p>\n

Baltneski gu\u00f0aheimurinn er n\u00e1tengdur heimili, eldst\u00e6\u00f0i og m\u00e1ttarv\u00f6ldum landslagsins.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Beaivi\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Baltneska Dainas<\/span>-hef\u00f0in<\/strong> er hornsteinn \u00feeirrar endursk\u00f6punar sem ger\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 \u00e1 forkristinni tr\u00fa \u00e1 Baltnesku sv\u00e6\u00f0unum.<\/p>\n

Baltneskum gu\u00f0um er skipt \u00ed himin- og ve\u00f0urm\u00e1ttarv\u00f6ld \u00ed kringum \u00ferumugu\u00f0inn Perk\u016bnas, heimilisv\u00e6tti eins og Kaukas og Aitvaras, auk fj\u00f6lda m\u00f3\u00f0urgy\u00f0ja sem r\u00e1\u00f0a yfir sk\u00f3gi, eldi og vatni. Enn \u00feann dag \u00ed dag er \u00feessum minnum haldi\u00f0 \u00e1 l\u00edfi \u00ed Lith\u00e1en og Lettlandi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Baltar, tungum\u00e1l og b\u00fasv\u00e6\u00f0i<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Baltneska tungum\u00e1lafj\u00f6lskyldan, s\u00e9rst\u00f6k grein ind\u00f3evr\u00f3psku tungum\u00e1lanna, n\u00e6r yfir lifandi tungum\u00e1lin lith\u00e1\u00edsku og lett\u00edsku, auk vestur-baltneska tungum\u00e1ls Pr\u00fassa sem d\u00f3 \u00fat \u00e1 17. \u00f6ld. Fr\u00e1 m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu sj\u00f3narhorni eru baltnesk tungum\u00e1l talin s\u00e9rlega fornleg og \u00fev\u00ed mikilv\u00e6g fyrir endursk\u00f6pun ind\u00f3evr\u00f3pskra a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0na.<\/p>

B\u00fasv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 n\u00e6r yfir n\u00faverandi r\u00edki Lith\u00e1en og Lettland vi\u00f0 Eystrasalt. Kristnitaka Lith\u00e1ens f\u00f3r formlega fram \u00e1ri\u00f0 1387 undir st\u00f3rfurstanum Jogaila, sv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 \u017demaitija (Ne\u00f0ur-Lith\u00e1en) fylgdi 1413 sem eitt af s\u00ed\u00f0ustu hei\u00f0nu sv\u00e6\u00f0um Evr\u00f3pu; fr\u00e1sagnir af forkristnum si\u00f0um n\u00e1 st\u00f6ku sinnum allt fram \u00e1 18. \u00f6ld.<\/p>\n

Himinn og eldst\u00e6\u00f0i skipuleggja gu\u00f0aheim Balta, \u00ferumugu\u00f0inn Perk\u016bnas efst, eldgy\u00f0jan Gabija \u00ed h\u00fasinu og fj\u00f6ldi m\u00f3\u00f0urgy\u00f0ja \u00ed landslaginu. Dainas-hef\u00f0 Lith\u00e1ens og Lettlands hefur haldi\u00f0 \u00feessari vitneskju \u00e1 l\u00edfi allt til dagsins \u00ed dag.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Gu\u00f0heimur: Dievas, Perk\u016bnas, Laima, Saul\u0117<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Dievas, \u00e1 lith\u00e1\u00edsku, e\u00f0a Dievs \u00e1 lett\u00edsku, t\u00e1knar himingu\u00f0inn, fjarl\u00e6gan, skipandi pers\u00f3nugerving. Perk\u016bnas, \u00e1 lith\u00e1\u00edsku, og P\u0113rkons \u00e1 lett\u00edsku, er \u00ferumugu\u00f0inn, \u00e1byrgur fyrir \u00ferumuve\u00f0rum, gr\u00f3\u00f0urs\u00e6ld og r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ti. Laima er \u00f6rlaga- og heillagy\u00f0ja sem vakir yfir f\u00e6\u00f0ingu og l\u00edfshlaupi, Saul\u0117, \u00e1 lith\u00e1\u00edsku, e\u00f0a Saule \u00e1 lett\u00edsku, er kvenkyns s\u00f3largy\u00f0jan. \u00cd Lettlandi kemur auk \u00feess M\u0101ra fram sem jar\u00f0- og m\u00f3\u00f0urgy\u00f0ja vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0 Dievs og Laima.<\/p>

Velinas, \u00e1 lith\u00e1\u00edsku, e\u00f0a Velns \u00e1 lett\u00edsku, er undirheima- og d\u00e1narvera sem eftir kristnit\u00f6kuna rann \u00ed s\u00edauknum m\u00e6li saman vi\u00f0 kristna dj\u00f6fulinn. Auk \u00feessara st\u00f3ru vera \u00feekkir hef\u00f0in einnig s\u00e9rstakar gy\u00f0jur og gu\u00f0i fyrir tiltekin svi\u00f0, svo sem vindagu\u00f0inn V\u0117jopatis<\/a> e\u00f0a lettneska heimilisv\u00e6tti M\u0101jas gars<\/a>, sem vakir yfir h\u00fasi og b\u00e6. Lettneska hef\u00f0in \u00feekkir auk \u00feess umfangsmiki\u00f0 kerfi af um sj\u00f6t\u00edu \u201em\u00e6\u00f0rum“ (m\u0101tes), pers\u00f3nugervingum sem stj\u00f3rna einst\u00f6kum svi\u00f0um n\u00e1tt\u00farunnar \u00e1 bor\u00f0 vi\u00f0 sk\u00f3g, haf, vind e\u00f0a eld.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Dainas sem tr\u00faars\u00f6gulegar heimildir<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Dainas eru stutt, oftast fj\u00f6gurra l\u00edna, lith\u00e1\u00edsk og lettnesk \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0kv\u00e6\u00f0i sem gengu munnlega mann fram af manni og eru talin gluggi inn \u00ed forkristnar hugmyndir, l\u00edtt m\u00f3ta\u00f0ur af kristnum \u00e1hrifum. Lettneski l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0ingurinn og \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ingurinn Kri\u0161j\u0101nis Barons safna\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00e1runum 1894 til 1915 t\u00e6plega 218.000 Dainas \u00ed sex bindum, og heildarsafn allra lettneskra safnara er tali\u00f0 innihalda meira en eina millj\u00f3n texta.<\/p>

Daina-sk\u00e1purinn, ger\u00f0ur um 1880 eftir teikningu Barons og me\u00f0 yfir 350.000 se\u00f0lum, hefur fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2001 veri\u00f0 hluti af heimsminjaskr\u00e1 UNESCO um skjalaarfleif\u00f0 og er n\u00fa var\u00f0veittur \u00ed Lettnesku \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0b\u00f3kasafninu. Einnig \u00ed Lith\u00e1en mynda s\u00f6fnu\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0kv\u00e6\u00f0i, \u00e6vint\u00fdri og \u00f6rnefni mikilv\u00e6ga heimild fyrir tr\u00faars\u00f6gulega endursk\u00f6pun.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Eldsi\u00f0urinn \u00ed kringum Gabiju<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Gabija<\/a> er lith\u00e1\u00edska eldst\u00e6\u00f0isgy\u00f0jan, verndari heimilis og fj\u00f6lskyldu, sem var \u00edmynda\u00f0 sem d\u00fdr, k\u00f6ttur, storkur e\u00f0a hani, e\u00f0a sem rau\u00f0kl\u00e6dd kona. Tilbei\u00f0sla hennar kraf\u00f0ist vir\u00f0ulegrar umgengni vi\u00f0 eldinn, ekki m\u00e1tti hr\u00e6kja \u00e1 hann e\u00f0a tra\u00f0ka \u00e1 honum, gl\u00f3\u00f0in var vandlega hulin \u00e1 n\u00f3ttunni \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 vera sl\u00f6kkt, og brau\u00f0 og salt voru talin vi\u00f0eigandi f\u00f3rnargjafir<\/span>.<\/p>

Meginheimild um \u00feessa tilbei\u00f0slu er riti\u00f0 De diis Samagitarum fr\u00e1 1615 eftir p\u00f3lska fr\u00e6\u00f0imanninn Jan \u0141asicki. \u00cd Lettlandi kemur fram Uguns m\u0101te, eldm\u00f3\u00f0irin, sem er tengd vera innan lettneska m\u00f3\u00f0urgy\u00f0jakerfisins.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

Algengar spurningar um baltneska go\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Hverjir eru Baltar?<\/h3>\n

Til Balta teljast Lith\u00e1ar og Lettar, auk Pr\u00fassa sem d\u00f3u \u00fat \u00e1 17. \u00f6ld. \u00deeir tala tungum\u00e1l s\u00e9rstakrar, s\u00e9rlega fornlegrar greinar ind\u00f3evr\u00f3psku tungum\u00e1lafj\u00f6lskyldunnar og b\u00faa \u00e1 n\u00faverandi Lith\u00e1en og Lettlandi vi\u00f0 Eystrasalt.<\/p>\n

Hvers vegna var Lith\u00e1en kristna\u00f0 svo seint?<\/h3>\n

Lith\u00e1en t\u00f3k formlega kristni \u00e1ri\u00f0 1387, en h\u00e9ra\u00f0i\u00f0 \u017demaitija (Ne\u00f0ra Lith\u00e1en) fylgdi ekki fyrr en 1413. \u00dear me\u00f0 telst Lith\u00e1en \u00fea\u00f0 sv\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu sem lengst h\u00e9lst hei\u00f0i\u00f0, sem m\u00e1 rekja til styrks \u00feess sem st\u00f3rfurstad\u00e6mis og legu \u00feess \u00e1 ja\u00f0ri kristninnar.<\/p>\n

Hva\u00f0 eru dainas?<\/h3>\n

Dainas eru stutt lith\u00e1\u00edsk og lett\u00edsk \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0kv\u00e6\u00f0i sem var\u00f0veittust \u00ed munnlegri geymd og teljast me\u00f0al mikilv\u00e6gustu heimilda um tr\u00faarbr\u00f6g\u00f0 fyrir kristni. Kri\u0161j\u0101nis Barons safna\u00f0i einn og s\u00e9r um \u00fea\u00f0 bil 218.000 sl\u00edkum kv\u00e6\u00f0um \u00ed Lettlandi, sem var\u00f0veitt eru \u00ed svok\u00f6llu\u00f0um dainask\u00e1p Lettneska \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arb\u00f3kasafnsins.<\/p>\n

Hva\u00f0 er heimilisslangan Zaltys?<\/h3>\n

Zaltys, \u00e1 lith\u00e1\u00edsku, e\u00f0a Zalktis, \u00e1 lett\u00edsku, er hringorm sem var haldinn sem heilagt h\u00fasd\u00fdr, gefinn mj\u00f3lk og m\u00e1tti ekki dey\u00f0a. H\u00fan var talin verndari heimilis og b\u00faf\u00e9na\u00f0ar og var a\u00f0 nokkru leyti tengd lettnesku mj\u00f3lkurm\u00f3\u00f0urinni Piena m\u0101te.<\/p>\n