{"id":169852,"date":"2026-09-05T14:12:16","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:12:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=169852"},"modified":"2026-09-05T14:58:13","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:58:13","slug":"filippseysk-godafraedi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/is\/filippseysk-godafraedi\/","title":{"rendered":"Filippseysk go\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Filippseysk go\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i, Anito-tr\u00fa og Aswang-flokkurinn<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Filippseyjar samanstanda af meira en 7.000 eyjum og yfir 180 tungum\u00e1lah\u00f3pum, og tr\u00faarheimar t\u00edmans fyrir komu Sp\u00e1nverja eru \u00fear af lei\u00f0andi jafn margbreytilegir. Sameiginlegt m\u00f6rgum hef\u00f0um er tilbei\u00f0sla \u00e1 Anito<\/strong>, forfe\u00f0ra- og n\u00e1tt\u00faru\u00f6ndum, og \u00e1 Diwata<\/strong>, verum me\u00f0 greinilegum hind\u00fa-mala\u00edskum \u00e1hrifum. Fr\u00e1 16. \u00f6ld skarast sp\u00e6nska n\u00fdlendut\u00edmabili\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feessi l\u00f6g me\u00f0 ka\u00fe\u00f3lskri tr\u00fabo\u00f0sstarfsemi, \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fatr\u00fdma \u00feeim a\u00f0 fullu.<\/p>\n

Filippseysk go\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i er \u00feannig samofin \u00far andaheimi t\u00edmans fyrir Sp\u00e1nverja, sv\u00e6\u00f0isbundnum gu\u00f0aver\u00f6ldum og margra alda sk\u00f6run kristninnar. Greinin fjallar um Anito-tr\u00fana sem grunnlag \u00feessarar samofnu myndar \u00far forsp\u00e6nskum andaheimi og kristinni sk\u00f6run.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Beaivi\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hugtaki\u00f0 Animismi<\/span><\/strong> l\u00fdsir tr\u00faarfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum kjarna filippseyska tr\u00faarheimsins fyrir komu Sp\u00e1nverja, \u00fear sem fj\u00f6ll, tr\u00e9, \u00e1r og hinir l\u00e1tnu voru talin g\u00e6dd s\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

Hinn svokalla\u00f0i Aswang-flokkurinn<\/span> og Anito-forfe\u00f0rad\u00fdrkunin voru m\u00f3tu\u00f0 af \u00feriggja alda n\u00fdlendut\u00edma og ka\u00fe\u00f3lskri \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0artr\u00fa, en lifa enn \u00ed munnlegri hef\u00f0 Visayaseyja og Luzon \u00ed dag.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t

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Eyjaheimur, tungum\u00e1lafj\u00f6lskyldur og tr\u00faarheimur fyrir komu Sp\u00e1nverja<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Filippseysk tungum\u00e1l heyra til austr\u00f3nes\u00edsku tungum\u00e1lafj\u00f6lskyldunni, me\u00f0 tagalog, cebuano, ilocano, bikol og hiligaynon sem st\u00e6rstu h\u00f3pana. Fyrir komu Sp\u00e1nverja \u00e1ri\u00f0 1521 var ekki til neinn samr\u00e6mdur gu\u00f0aheimur, heldur fj\u00f6ldi sv\u00e6\u00f0isbundinna tr\u00faarkerfa me\u00f0 eigin s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0ingum \u00ed helgisi\u00f0um, Babaylan e\u00f0a Catalonan, oftast konur e\u00f0a karlar \u00ed kvenlegu hlutverki.<\/p>

Hugtaki\u00f0 Anito<\/strong> er skjalfest \u00e1 st\u00f3rum hluta eyjaklasans og t\u00e1knar fyrst og fremst forfe\u00f0ra- og sta\u00f0aranda. Diwata<\/strong>, dregi\u00f0 af sanskr\u00edt-or\u00f0inu devata<\/em> \u00ed gegnum mala\u00edska millimi\u00f0lun, er algengara \u00e1 Visayaseyjum og Mindanao og t\u00e1knar \u00fear frekar n\u00e1tt\u00faru- og landslagsgo\u00f0m\u00f6gn eins og Maria Makiling<\/a>. Sk\u00f6rp a\u00f0greining \u00feessara tveggja hugtaka er tr\u00faarfr\u00e6\u00f0ilega ekki alls sta\u00f0ar haldb\u00e6r, \u00fev\u00ed sv\u00e6\u00f0isbundnar heimildir nota \u00feau oft skarandi.<\/p>\n

Anito-forfe\u00f0rad\u00fdrkun, Diwata-tilbei\u00f0sla og hinn s\u00ed\u00f0ar tilkomni Aswang-flokkur myndast saman grunnger\u00f0 filippseyskrar go\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i fyrir og vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0 ka\u00fe\u00f3lskrar sk\u00f6runar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Gu\u00f0aheimur: Bathala, Bakunawa og Diwata n\u00e1tt\u00farunnar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00cd fyrstu sp\u00e6nskum fr\u00e1s\u00f6gnum, me\u00f0al annars \u00ed Relaci\u00f3n fransiskanamunkinns Juan de Plasencia fr\u00e1 1589, birtist Bathala<\/strong> sem tagalogskur himna- og skaparagu\u00f0, sem Anito og Diwata eru undirskipu\u00f0. \u00deessi stigveldislega t\u00falkun er \u00fe\u00f3 mj\u00f6g litu\u00f0 af kristnum forsendum tr\u00fabo\u00f0anna og ver\u00f0ur ekki yfirf\u00e6r\u00f0 umhugsunarlaust \u00e1 allan tr\u00faarlegan veruleika t\u00edmans fyrir komu Sp\u00e1nverja.<\/p>

\u00cd hef\u00f0um Visayaseyja og Bicol \u00fatsk\u00fdrir slangan Bakunawa<\/strong> tunglmyrkva me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 reyna a\u00f0 gleypa tungli\u00f0, og \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1tti h\u00e1va\u00f0i og trumbusl\u00e1ttur a\u00f0 hrekja hana burt. Me\u00f0al Diwata<\/strong> eru Diwata<\/a> sem samheiti, hafmeyjan Sirena<\/a> og fjallagy\u00f0jan Maria Makiling<\/a>, en saga hennar um fjalli\u00f0 Makiling \u00ed Laguna er s\u00f6g\u00f0 enn \u00feann dag \u00ed dag.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Aswang-flokkurinn: Manananggal, Tiyanak, Aswang<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00dej\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ingurinn Maximo Ramos m\u00f3ta\u00f0i \u00ed ranns\u00f3knum s\u00ednum \u00e1 1960 og 1970 \u00e1ratugnum hugtaki\u00f0 Aswang-flokkurinn<\/em> fyrir b\u00fant tengdra, breytilegra og sagna h\u00e6ttulegra vera, sem er \u00fe\u00e9ttast skjalfest \u00e1 vestari Visayaseyjum, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00ed h\u00e9ra\u00f0inu Capiz. Hugtaki\u00f0 Aswang<\/a> er sj\u00e1lft nota\u00f0 \u00e1 mismunandi h\u00e1tt eftir sv\u00e6\u00f0um, \u00fdmist sem yfirhugtak e\u00f0a fyrir \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 birtingarform.<\/p>

Til flokksins teljast Manananggal<\/a>, sem sagan segir a\u00f0 skilji efri hluta l\u00edkamans fr\u00e1 ne\u00f0ri hluta og flj\u00fagi me\u00f0 le\u00f0urbl\u00f6kul\u00edkum v\u00e6ngjum, og Tiyanak<\/a>, vera \u00ed mynd ungabarns sem lokkar fer\u00f0alanga til s\u00edn. \u00deessar s\u00f6gur \u00fej\u00f3nu\u00f0u \u00ed \u00feorpssamf\u00e9l\u00f6gum me\u00f0al annars f\u00e9lagslegu a\u00f0haldi og skilgreiningu \u00e1 \u00f3\u00fatsk\u00fdr\u00f0um dau\u00f0sf\u00f6llum e\u00f0a f\u00f3sturl\u00e1tum.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Sk\u00f3garverur og blanda\u00f0ar n\u00fdlendumyndir: Tikbalang, Kapre, Berberoka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Auk forfe\u00f0ra- og n\u00e1tt\u00faruanda \u00feekkir filippseysk hef\u00f0 fj\u00f6lda landslags- og blendingsvera, \u00fear sem hugmyndir fr\u00e1 t\u00edmanum fyrir Sp\u00e1nverja blandast s\u00ed\u00f0ari \u00e1hrifum. Tikbalang<\/a>, hestsh\u00f6fu\u00f0 vera sk\u00f3ga og fjalla, \u00e1 a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta fer\u00f0alanga ganga \u00ed hringi \u00fear til \u00feeir tapa \u00e1ttum, samkv\u00e6mt hef\u00f0inni. Kapre<\/a>, risavaxin, vindlareykjandi tr\u00e9vera, ber nafn sem gegnum sp\u00e6nsku m\u00e1 rekja til arab\u00edsks or\u00f0s fyrir vantr\u00faa\u00f0a, sem v\u00edsar til margbrotinnar snertis\u00f6gu eyjaklasans.<\/p>

\u00c1 nor\u00f0urhluta Luzon segir hef\u00f0 Ilocano og Isneg fr\u00e1 Berberoka<\/a>, votlendis\u00f3freskju sem heldur vatni og fl\u00e6\u00f0ir yfir land til a\u00f0 vei\u00f0a br\u00e1\u00f0, me\u00f0al annars skjalfest af sagnfr\u00e6\u00f0ingnum William Henry Scott. Hausalausi Pugot<\/a> og andinn Multo<\/a>, sem skilinn er sem almennur andi og nafn hans er dregi\u00f0 af sp\u00e6nska or\u00f0inu fyrir hina l\u00e1tnu, s\u00fdna hvernig hugmyndir um anda fyrir komu Sp\u00e1nverja bl\u00f6ndu\u00f0ust sp\u00e6nsk-ka\u00fe\u00f3lskum hugt\u00f6kum.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Algengar spurningar um filippseyska go\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Hva\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir Anito?<\/h3>\n

Anito v\u00edsar \u00e1 st\u00f3rum hluta Filippseyja fyrir sp\u00e6nska t\u00edmann til \u00e1a- og n\u00e1tt\u00faruanda sem f\u00e6r\u00f0ar voru f\u00f3rnargjafir. Hugtaki\u00f0 er skjalfest hj\u00e1 m\u00f6rgum tungum\u00e1lah\u00f3pum eyjaklasans, jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt n\u00e1kv\u00e6m merking \u00feess s\u00e9 breytileg eftir sv\u00e6\u00f0um.<\/p>\n

Hva\u00f0 er Aswang-flokkurinn?<\/h3>\n

Aswang-flokkurinn er samheiti sem \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ingar eins og Maximo Ramos myndu\u00f0u fyrir h\u00f3p tengdra, formbreytilegra vera sem sag\u00f0ar eru mann\u00e6tur, svo sem Manananggal, Tiyanak og Aswang, en heimildir um \u00fe\u00e6r eru \u00fe\u00e9ttastar \u00e1 vestari Visayas-eyjum.<\/p>\n

Hver er munurinn \u00e1 Anito og Diwata?<\/h3>\n

Anito er frekar nota\u00f0 um \u00e1a- og sta\u00f0aranda og er nota\u00f0 um allan eyjaklasann, en Diwata, sem er tungum\u00e1lalega dregi\u00f0 af sanskr\u00edt-or\u00f0inu devata, v\u00edsar sterkar til n\u00e1tt\u00faru- og landslagsgu\u00f0a \u00e1 Visayas-eyjum og Mindanao. M\u00f6rkin milli hugtakanna tveggja eru \u00fe\u00f3 ekki alltaf sk\u00fdr \u00ed heimildunum.<\/p>\n

Hvernig breytti sp\u00e6nska n\u00fdlendut\u00edmabili\u00f0 filippseyskri go\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i?<\/h3>\n

Sp\u00e6nskir tr\u00fabo\u00f0ar t\u00falku\u00f0u Anito og Diwata fr\u00e1 16. \u00f6ld a\u00f0 mestu sem dj\u00f6fla og reyndu a\u00f0 \u00fatr\u00fdma tilbei\u00f0slu \u00feeirra. \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir \u00feetta lif\u00f0u m\u00f6rg atri\u00f0i \u00e1fram \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu formi ka\u00fe\u00f3lskrar tr\u00faar og \u00ed munnlegri sagnahef\u00f0 sem enn er til \u00ed dag.<\/p>\n