{"id":169267,"date":"2026-09-05T14:06:59","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:06:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=169267"},"modified":"2026-09-05T14:36:33","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:36:33","slug":"johannesarjurt","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/is\/johannesarjurt\/","title":{"rendered":"J\u00f3hannesarjurt"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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J\u00f3hannesarjurt \u2014 verndarplanta s\u00f3lst\u00f6\u00f0unnar<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Verndarefni<\/span>Verndarefni og jurtir<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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J\u00f3hannesarjurt ber \u00ed latneskri jurtafr\u00e6\u00f0i eitt af \u00e1hrifamestu \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legu vi\u00f0urnefnum sem l\u00e6kningajurt hefur nokkru sinni fengi\u00f0: Fuga daemonum<\/em>, fl\u00f3tta dj\u00f6flanna.<\/p>

\u00deetta nafn, sem er sta\u00f0fest \u00ed grasafr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum og gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum textum allt fr\u00e1 mi\u00f0\u00f6ldum, dregur saman kjarna \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegrar munnm\u00e6la<\/span>: Jurtin, sem bl\u00f3mstrar sem mest um J\u00f3nsmessu 24. j\u00fan\u00ed, \u00e1 a\u00f0 halda dj\u00f6flum, martr\u00f6\u00f0um og ska\u00f0legum andaverum fjarri h\u00fasi og manneskju.<\/p>\n

J\u00f3hannesarjurt er hluti af verndarefnum og verndarpl\u00f6ntum<\/a> og hefur s\u00e9rst\u00f6\u00f0u me\u00f0al verndarplanta \u00fear sem h\u00fan er s\u00fa eina \u00ed \u00feeim h\u00f3pi sem ber kirkjulega vi\u00f0urkennt, latneskt verndarnafn: Heiti\u00f0 Fuga daemonum<\/em> s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 jafnvel kirkjan \u00e1 mi\u00f0\u00f6ldum \u00feekkti \u00feessa verndartilskrift, skr\u00e1\u00f0i hana og t\u00f3k hana inn \u00ed grasafr\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00edna \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 hafna henni.<\/p>

Mikilv\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 \u00feessi s\u00ed\u00f0a fjallar einungis um \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegar verndarmunnm\u00e6li. L\u00e6knisfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegar e\u00f0a lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ilegar sta\u00f0h\u00e6fingar um jurtina eru ekki umfj\u00f6llunarefni \u00feessarar greinar. N\u00e1l\u00e6g\u00f0in vi\u00f0 s\u00f3lst\u00f6\u00f0ur m\u00f3tar enn \u00feann dag \u00ed dag \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0lega skilgreiningu j\u00f3hannesarjurtar sem verndarpl\u00f6ntu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"J\u00f3hannesarjurt\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Skj\u00f3tt yfirlit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00cd munnm\u00e6lum<\/span> er j\u00f3hannesarjurt talin verndarplanta gegn dj\u00f6flum, martr\u00f6\u00f0um og almennum n\u00e6tur\u00e1hrifum. Jurtin er \u00feurrku\u00f0 og hengd \u00ed knippum yfir dyr, \u00ed gluggakarma og vi\u00f0 r\u00fam.<\/p>

S\u00e9rstaklega kraftmikil er talin jurt sem safna\u00f0 er \u00e1 J\u00f3nsmessudag. Gullgul bl\u00f3min og rau\u00f0a litarefni\u00f0 \u00far n\u00fanum bl\u00f6\u00f0unum eru t\u00falku\u00f0 \u00ed munnm\u00e6lum<\/span> sem merki um lj\u00f3skraft sem hrekur myrkri\u00f0 \u00e1 brott.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Uppruni og munnm\u00e6li<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Nafn j\u00f3hannesarjurtar v\u00edsar til J\u00f3hannesar sk\u00edrara, en minningardagur hans er haldinn 24. j\u00fan\u00ed. Sumars\u00f3lst\u00f6\u00f0ur eru sk\u00f6mmu fyrir \u00feennan dag, og \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legri munnm\u00e6lahef\u00f0 runnu s\u00f3lst\u00f6\u00f0ueldar hins forkristna si\u00f0ar saman vi\u00f0 kristna d\u00fdrlingad\u00fdrkun.<\/p>

Pl\u00f6ntur sem voru uppskornar \u00e1 \u00feessum t\u00edma \u00fe\u00f3ttu s\u00e9rstaklega kraftmiklar, \u00fev\u00ed tali\u00f0 var a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r hef\u00f0u teki\u00f0 \u00ed sig h\u00e1mark s\u00f3larkraftsins.<\/p>\n

Hypericum perforatum<\/em>, latneskt heiti pl\u00f6ntunnar, felur \u00ed tegundarheitinu \u00ed s\u00e9r v\u00edsbendingu: Bl\u00f6\u00f0in s\u00fdna, \u00feegar haldi\u00f0 er upp \u00ed lj\u00f3si\u00f0, f\u00ednger\u00f0 g\u00f6t sem \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legri munnm\u00e6lahef\u00f0 voru t\u00falku\u00f0 sem stungu- e\u00f0a s\u00e1rmerki. \u00deessi tengsl vi\u00f0 \u00fej\u00e1ningar sk\u00edrarans juku enn \u00e1 tr\u00faarlega merkingu jurtarinnar.<\/p>\n

\u00cd grasafr\u00e6\u00f0i mi\u00f0alda hj\u00e1 Konrad von Megenberg (Buch der Natur<\/em>, 14. \u00f6ld) er j\u00f3hannesarjurtar geti\u00f0 \u00ed samhengi vi\u00f0 v\u00f6rn gegn dj\u00f6flum og martr\u00f6\u00f0um. Paracelsus, l\u00e6knir og n\u00e1tt\u00faruspekingur \u00e1 fyrri hluta 16. aldar, l\u00fdsir jurtinni \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 lj\u00f3s, hreinsun og andav\u00f6rn.<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00fe\u00fdskri \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tr\u00fa, sem \u00edtarlega er skr\u00e1\u00f0 \u00ed Handw\u00f6rterbuch des deutschen Aberglaubens, er \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 hengja upp knippi af j\u00f3hannesarjurt \u00e1 J\u00f3nsmessu me\u00f0al \u00fatbreiddustu heimilisathafna. S\u00e1 sem gleymdi a\u00f0 skera n\u00fdja jurt og hengja hana yfir dyrnar \u00e1 J\u00f3nsmessudag var \u00e1 sumum sv\u00e6\u00f0um talinn varnarlaus fyrir komandi \u00e1r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Virknihugmynd samkv\u00e6mt munnm\u00e6lum<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Munnm\u00e6lin<\/span> r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ta verndarm\u00e1tt j\u00f3hannesarjurtar \u00e1 m\u00f6rgum svi\u00f0um.<\/p>\n

Lj\u00f3stilskriftin er sterkust. Jurtin bl\u00f3mstrar \u00e1kaft gul \u00e1 t\u00edma lengstu dagsbirtu \u00e1rsins, og rau\u00f0a litarefni\u00f0 hyperic\u00edn, sem seytlar \u00far n\u00fanum bl\u00f3munum, var t\u00falka\u00f0 sem storkna\u00f0 s\u00f3larlj\u00f3s e\u00f0a t\u00e1knr\u00e6nt bl\u00f3\u00f0 s\u00f3lard\u00fdrlingsins. Verur sem s\u00e6kjast \u00ed myrkur geta, samkv\u00e6mt \u00feessari munnm\u00e6lahef\u00f0, ekki sta\u00f0ist \u00feennan sam\u00fejappa\u00f0a lj\u00f3skraft.<\/p>\n

Vi\u00f0 \u00feetta b\u00e6tist t\u00edmasetningin: Pl\u00f6ntur sem uppskornar eru \u00e1 J\u00f3nsmessu standa, \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tr\u00fanni, \u00e1 h\u00e1tindi n\u00e1tt\u00farukrafts s\u00edns. M\u00f6rkin milli venjulegs styrks pl\u00f6ntu og verndarm\u00e1ttar hennar liggja, samkv\u00e6mt \u00feessum skilningi, ekki \u00ed efnafr\u00e6\u00f0inni heldur \u00ed uppskerut\u00edmanum og \u00feeirri kosm\u00edsku orkust\u00f6\u00f0u sem honum fylgir.<\/p>\n

A\u00f0 lokum eykur kirkjulega heiti\u00f0 Fuga daemonum<\/em> \u00e1 dj\u00fapst\u00e6\u00f0i munnm\u00e6lanna: \u00deegar jafnvel lat\u00ednul\u00e6r\u00f0 grasafr\u00e6\u00f0i mi\u00f0alda nefndi \u00feessa jurt vi\u00f0 dj\u00f6flav\u00f6rn, f\u00e9kk \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0leg framkv\u00e6md stu\u00f0ning \u00ed ritmenningu sem a\u00f0rar verndarpl\u00f6ntur h\u00f6f\u00f0u ekki.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\u00datbrei\u00f0sla yfir menningarheima<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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J\u00f3hannesarjurt sem verndarplanta er fyrst og fremst mi\u00f0-evr\u00f3pskt fyrirb\u00e6ri, en hefur einnig l\u00e1ti\u00f0 eftir sig spor \u00ed n\u00e1l\u00e6gum menningarheimum.<\/p>\n

\u00cd Mi\u00f0- og Vestur-Evr\u00f3pu<\/strong> er J\u00f3nsmessu-verndarhef\u00f0in v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6k og vel skr\u00e1\u00f0. Fr\u00e1 B\u00e6jaralandi um Austurr\u00edki, Sviss, Frakkland til P\u00f3llands og Baltnesku landanna kemur \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 hengja upp j\u00f3hannesarjurt \u00e1 J\u00f3nsmessu fram sem samr\u00e6mdur verndarsi\u00f0ur.<\/p>\n

\u00c1 Nor\u00f0url\u00f6ndum<\/strong> eru \u00feekktar svipa\u00f0ar s\u00f3lst\u00f6\u00f0ujurta-hef\u00f0ir. Jurtin sj\u00e1lf er sjaldg\u00e6fari, en r\u00f6kfr\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00f3lst\u00f6\u00f0ujurtarinnar sem verndarpl\u00f6ntu \u00e1 s\u00e9r hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00ed sta\u00f0bundnum jurtum eins og gar\u00f0abr\u00fa\u00f0u.<\/p>\n

\u00cd Su\u00f0ur-Evr\u00f3pu<\/strong> og vi\u00f0 Mi\u00f0jar\u00f0arhafi\u00f0<\/strong> er J\u00f3nsmessudagur einnig \u00fatbreiddur sem uppskerudagur galdrajurta, og \u00e1 sumum sv\u00e6\u00f0um \u00cdtal\u00edu og Grikklands gegnir j\u00f3hannesarjurt svipu\u00f0u hlutverki og \u00e1 \u00fe\u00fdskum\u00e6landi sv\u00e6\u00f0um.<\/p>\n

\u00cd Nor\u00f0ur-Afr\u00edku og Mi\u00f0austurl\u00f6ndum<\/strong> er plantan minna til sta\u00f0ar sem verndarefni, en \u00ed sumum berb\u00edskum og arab\u00edskum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0l\u00e6kningaheimildum er h\u00fan tengd andav\u00f6rn.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Gegn hverju hann er nota\u00f0ur<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Samkv\u00e6mt gamalli hef\u00f0 er j\u00f3hannesarjurt talin veita vernd s\u00e9rstaklega gegn:<\/p>\n

Gegn dj\u00f6flum og dj\u00f6flalegum \u00e1hrifum<\/strong>: Nafni\u00f0 Fuga daemonum<\/em> v\u00edsar beint til \u00feessa. Jurtin \u00e1tti a\u00f0 halda dj\u00f6flum fr\u00e1 h\u00edb\u00fdlum og ney\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e1 til a\u00f0 yfirgefa heimili \u00fear sem h\u00fan var hengd upp.<\/p>\n

Gegn \u00e1lfum og martr\u00f6\u00f0um<\/strong>: \u00cd mi\u00f0evr\u00f3pskri \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tr\u00fa er \u00e1lfurinn, n\u00e1tt\u00fara sem sest \u00e1 sofandi f\u00f3lk og kvelur \u00fea\u00f0 me\u00f0 martr\u00f6\u00f0um, meginmarkmi\u00f0 verndarhef\u00f0ar j\u00f3hannesarjurtarins. B\u00fant af jurtinni \u00e1 r\u00famgrindum og yfir dyrum svefnherbergja \u00e1tti a\u00f0 halda \u00e1lfinum fr\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Gegn galdrakonum og ska\u00f0agaldri<\/strong>: J\u00f3hannesarjurt hengd \u00e1 dyr og glugga var einnig talin veita vernd gegn innr\u00e1s galdrakvenna e\u00f0a \u00e1hrifum ska\u00f0agaldurs sem beint var a\u00f0 heimilinu.<\/p>\n

Gegn almennum illum \u00e1hrifum \u00e1 s\u00f3lst\u00f6\u00f0ut\u00edma<\/strong>: \u00cd \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegri hef\u00f0 markar J\u00f3nsmessan upphaf \u201ehins h\u00e6ttulegri hluta \u00e1rsins“, \u00feegar yfirn\u00e1tt\u00farulegir kraftar eru taldir virkari. N\u00fd uppskorin jurt var talin \u00e1rst\u00ed\u00f0abundinn verndarb\u00fana\u00f0ur fyrir \u00feennan t\u00edma.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Notkun og takmarkanir<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00deurrku\u00f0um b\u00fantum er hengt yfir dyr, \u00ed gluggakarma og \u00ed svefnherbergi. Best er, samkv\u00e6mt hef\u00f0inni<\/span>, a\u00f0 skera jurtina \u00e1 J\u00f3nsmessudaginn sj\u00e1lfan e\u00f0a sk\u00f6mmu \u00e1\u00f0ur: \u00fe\u00e1 jurt sem \u00feannig er skorin ber fullan s\u00f3larkraft. Jurt sem skorin er utan \u00feessa t\u00edma er talin s\u00ed\u00f0ur \u00e1hrifar\u00edk \u00ed strangri t\u00falkun hef\u00f0arinnar<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00cd sumum hef\u00f0um er \u00feess krafist a\u00f0 jurtin s\u00e9 slitin \u00e1n j\u00e1rnverkf\u00e6ris, \u00fe.e. me\u00f0 berum h\u00f6ndum e\u00f0a tr\u00e9t\u00e6ki, til a\u00f0 raska ekki n\u00e1tt\u00farukraftinum. A\u00f0rar hef\u00f0ir gera enga sl\u00edka kr\u00f6fu.<\/p>\n

Verndar\u00e1hrifin eru bundin \u00feeim sta\u00f0 \u00fear sem jurtin hangir: h\u00fan verndar r\u00fdmi\u00f0, ekki manneskjuna sem fer \u00far r\u00fdminu. Fyrir pers\u00f3nulega vernd \u00e1 fer\u00f0 var jurtin \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum hef\u00f0um saumu\u00f0 inn \u00ed verndarpoka.<\/p>\n

Engar l\u00e6knisfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegar \u00e1hrifayfirl\u00fdsingar tengjast \u00feessari hef\u00f0<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Heimildir (\u00farval)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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