{"id":169254,"date":"2026-09-05T14:06:52","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:06:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=169254"},"modified":"2026-09-05T14:36:13","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:36:13","slug":"verndarhandtakn-fikjan-hornataknid-varnarhondin","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/is\/verndarhandtakn-fikjan-hornataknid-varnarhondin\/","title":{"rendered":"Verndarhandt\u00e1kn: F\u00edkjan, hornat\u00e1kni\u00f0, varnarh\u00f6ndin"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Verndandi handahreyfingar: f\u00edkjan, hornat\u00e1kni\u00f0 og varnarh\u00f6ndin<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Verndarhandt\u00e1kn eru \u00e1kve\u00f0nar handst\u00f6\u00f0ur sem eiga a\u00f0 hafa fr\u00e1hrindandi merkingu. \u00d3l\u00edkt verndargrip<\/span> er verndarhandt\u00e1kn ekki bundi\u00f0 neinum hlut, heldur er \u00fea\u00f0 framkv\u00e6mt a\u00f0eins me\u00f0 hendinni og \u00e1 augnabliki.<\/p>

\u00deessi grein setur verndarhandt\u00e1kni\u00f0 \u00ed tr\u00faarfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegt samhengi og rekur sl\u00f3\u00f0 \u00feess fr\u00e1 forn\u00f6ld<\/span> til n\u00fat\u00edmalegrar t\u00falkunar. \u00dear er ger\u00f0ur greinarmunur \u00e1 s\u00f6gulega skjalfestum si\u00f0um<\/span> og n\u00fat\u00edmalegri t\u00falkun. Verndandi handahreyfingar setja svip sinn \u00e1 \u00feennan kafla, og verndandi e\u00f0li handt\u00e1knanna er enn \u00ed dag hluti af t\u00falkun \u00feeirra.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Verndart\u00e1kn<\/span>\u00devermenningarlegt<\/a>Varnarhreyfing<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Skilgreining: Hva\u00f0 verndarhandt\u00e1kn er<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Verndarhandt\u00e1kn er f\u00f6st handsta\u00f0a sem framkv\u00e6md er \u00ed a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um sem \u00feykja h\u00e6ttulegar, til a\u00f0 verjast ska\u00f0legum \u00e1hrifum. \u00dea\u00f0 er l\u00edkamlegt ath\u00e6fi, ekki hlutur.<\/p>

\u00dea\u00f0 s\u00e9rkennilega vi\u00f0 verndarhandt\u00e1kni\u00f0 er hversu umsvifalaust \u00fea\u00f0 er. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00fearf hvorki efni n\u00e9 undirb\u00faning. H\u00f6ndin sj\u00e1lf myndar t\u00e1kni\u00f0, og t\u00e1kni\u00f0 er tilt\u00e6kt \u00e1 augnabliki.<\/p>

\u00derj\u00fa t\u00e1kn eru s\u00e9rstaklega \u00fatbreidd. F\u00edkjan er hnefi \u00fear sem \u00feumalfingri er stungi\u00f0 milli v\u00edsifingurs og l\u00f6ngut\u00e1ar. Hornat\u00e1kni\u00f0 r\u00e9ttir \u00far v\u00edsifingri og litlafingri. Varnarh\u00f6ndin s\u00fdnir opinn, flatan l\u00f3fa \u00e1 lofti.<\/p>

\u00cd m\u00f6rgum hef\u00f0um eru \u00feessi t\u00e1kn \u00e6tlu\u00f0 til a\u00f0 verjast \u00fev\u00ed sem tali\u00f0 er ska\u00f0legt augnar\u00e1\u00f0. \u00deau eiga a\u00f0 fr\u00e1hrinda sl\u00edkt augnar\u00e1\u00f0 e\u00f0a beina \u00fev\u00ed fr\u00e1 \u00feeim sem framkv\u00e6mir t\u00e1kni\u00f0.<\/p>

Innan verndart\u00e1kna<\/a> heyrir verndarhandt\u00e1kni\u00f0 til flokks l\u00edkamlegra verndarathafna. \u00dea\u00f0 stendur \u00feannig vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0 hluta, t\u00e1kna og efna.<\/p>

T\u00e1kni\u00f0 er einnig n\u00e1i\u00f0 tengt myndr\u00e6nu minni. F\u00edkjan og varnarh\u00f6ndin birtast l\u00edka sem hengi og greypt t\u00e1kn. T\u00e1kni\u00f0 getur \u00feannig veri\u00f0 ath\u00f6fn og myndminni<\/span> \u00ed senn.<\/p>

Verndarhandt\u00e1kni\u00f0 sameinar tvo eiginleika sem greina \u00fea\u00f0 fr\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum verndargripum. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00e1vallt tilt\u00e6kt og l\u00e6tur engin spor eftir sig. \u00dea\u00f0 gerir \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9rstaklega hentugt \u00ed a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um \u00fear sem manneskja vildi breg\u00f0ast vi\u00f0 \u00f3s\u00e9\u00f0 og \u00e1n undirb\u00fanings.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Uppruni og s\u00f6guleg d\u00fdpt verndarhandt\u00e1kna<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Handahreyfingar eru me\u00f0al elstu tj\u00e1ningarm\u00e1ta mannsins. \u00c1kve\u00f0nar handst\u00f6\u00f0ur bera fasta merkingu \u00ed m\u00f6rgum menningarheimum, og sumar \u00feeirra hafa fengi\u00f0 fr\u00e1hrindandi t\u00falkun.<\/p>

F\u00edkjan er \u00f6rugglega sta\u00f0fest allt fr\u00e1 r\u00f3mverskri forn\u00f6ld<\/span>. Rita\u00f0ar heimildir og sm\u00e1 hengi \u00ed f\u00edkjulaga formi s\u00fdna a\u00f0 t\u00e1kni\u00f0 og myndminni \u00feess voru kunn \u00ed r\u00f3mversku hversdagsl\u00edfi.<\/p>

T\u00e1kni\u00f0 haf\u00f0i tv\u00ed\u00fe\u00e6tta merkingu \u00ed r\u00f3mverska heiminum. Annars vegar \u00fe\u00f3tti \u00fea\u00f0 gr\u00f3ft og m\u00f3\u00f0gandi t\u00e1kn, hins vegar var \u00fea\u00f0 tali\u00f0 verndandi. \u00deessi tv\u00edr\u00e6\u00f0ni fylgir f\u00edkjunni allt til n\u00fat\u00edmans.<\/p>

Varnarh\u00f6ndin me\u00f0 uppr\u00e9ttum opnum l\u00f3fa er \u00ed m\u00f6rgum menningarheimum kunn sem t\u00e1kn til a\u00f0 st\u00f6\u00f0va og fr\u00e1hrinda. H\u00fan birtist einnig sem myndminni, me\u00f0al annars \u00ed hinni \u00fatbreiddu h\u00f6nd me\u00f0 augat\u00e1kninu.<\/p>

Hornat\u00e1kni\u00f0 er \u00feekktast fr\u00e1 \u00cdtal\u00edu, \u00fear sem \u00fea\u00f0 er enn \u00ed dag nota\u00f0 gegn \u00fev\u00ed sem tali\u00f0 er ska\u00f0legt augnar\u00e1\u00f0. N\u00e1kv\u00e6m saga \u00feess er erfi\u00f0ari a\u00f0 rekja en f\u00edkjunnar.<\/p>

\u00cd heild s\u00fdnir sig a\u00f0 nokkur verndarhandt\u00e1kn eru sta\u00f0fest yfir langt t\u00edmabil. F\u00edkjan er \u00fear best skjalfest, \u00fev\u00ed h\u00fan var\u00f0 flj\u00f3tt einnig a\u00f0 hengi.<\/p>

Hornat\u00e1kni\u00f0 er \u00ed fr\u00e6\u00f0unum tengt hinni \u00fatbreiddu merkingu horna sem t\u00e1kn krafts. Horn birtast \u00e1 hj\u00e1lmum, \u00e1 alt\u00f6rum og sem hengi. T\u00e1kni\u00f0 ra\u00f0ast \u00feannig \u00ed breitt svi\u00f0 hornaminni sem \u00ed m\u00f6rgum menningarheimum var tengt styrk.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Hugmyndin \u00e1 bak vi\u00f0 verndandi handt\u00e1kni\u00f0<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00datbreidd hugmynd er s\u00fa a\u00f0 t\u00e1kn geti dregi\u00f0 a\u00f0 s\u00e9r ska\u00f0legt augnar\u00e1\u00f0 og \u00feannig afvegaleitt \u00fea\u00f0. \u00c1berandi handsta\u00f0an \u00e1 a\u00f0 binda athyglina sem annars myndi falla \u00e1 \u00feann sem framkv\u00e6mir t\u00e1kni\u00f0.<\/p>

\u00cd f\u00edkjunni skiptir formi\u00f0 m\u00e1li. \u00deumalfingurinn sem g\u00e6gist fram \u00e1 milli fingranna hefur \u00ed fr\u00e6\u00f0unum veri\u00f0 t\u00falka\u00f0ur sem v\u00edsun \u00ed kynfer\u00f0islegt efni. Sl\u00edkar v\u00edsanir \u00fe\u00f3ttu \u00ed m\u00f6rgum menningarheimum verndandi, \u00fev\u00ed \u00fe\u00e6r dr\u00f3gu a\u00f0 s\u00e9r athyglina.<\/p>

\u00cd hornat\u00e1kninu v\u00edsar formi\u00f0 til horna. Horn \u00fe\u00f3ttu \u00ed m\u00f6rgum menningarheimum t\u00e1kn krafts. T\u00e1kn sem l\u00edkir eftir hornum \u00e1tti samkv\u00e6mt \u00feessari hugmynd a\u00f0 hlutdeila \u00ed \u00feeim krafti.<\/p>

\u00cd varnarh\u00f6ndinni er opinn l\u00f3finn mi\u00f0l\u00e6gur. Uppr\u00e9ttur, flatur l\u00f3fi er t\u00e1kn um a\u00f0 st\u00f6\u00f0va. Hann \u00e1 a\u00f0 hindra \u00e1hrif \u00e1\u00f0ur en \u00feau n\u00e1 til \u00feess sem framkv\u00e6mir t\u00e1kni\u00f0.<\/p>

\u00d6ll t\u00e1knin eiga sameiginlegt hugmyndina um markvissa ath\u00f6fn. T\u00e1kni\u00f0 er framkv\u00e6mt v\u00edsvitandi \u00ed \u00e1tt sem \u00feykir h\u00e6ttuleg, til d\u00e6mis gagnvart pers\u00f3nu sem augnar\u00e1\u00f0 er tali\u00f0 h\u00e6ttulegt.<\/p>

\u00de\u00e6r hugmyndir sem h\u00e9r er l\u00fdst eru menningars\u00f6gulegar \u00fatsk\u00fdringar. \u00de\u00e6r l\u00fdsa \u00fev\u00ed hvers vegna \u00e1kve\u00f0num t\u00e1knum var gefin verndandi merking, og skjalfesta tr\u00fa. \u00de\u00e6r eru ekki v\u00edsbending um verkun. Fr\u00e6\u00f0in l\u00fdsa hugmyndinni \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa hana.<\/p>

\u00d6ll \u00ferj\u00fa t\u00e1knin eiga \u00fea\u00f0 einnig sameiginlegt a\u00f0 au\u00f0velt var a\u00f0 breyta \u00feeim \u00ed varanlegt myndminni. Formu\u00f0 h\u00f6ndin var\u00f0 a\u00f0 hengi og gat veri\u00f0 borin st\u00f6\u00f0ugt. \u00deessi n\u00e1l\u00e6g\u00f0 athafnar og hlutar er einkenni verndarhandt\u00e1knsins.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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D\u00e6mi fr\u00e1 forn\u00f6ld og Austurl\u00f6ndum n\u00e6r<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00cd hinum r\u00f3mverska heimi er f\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 s\u00e9rstaklega vel skjalfest. Rith\u00f6fundar geta um l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0i\u00f0, og litlir hengiskartgripir \u00ed f\u00edkjuformi voru bornir sem skartgripir og sem verndargripur<\/span>, oft af b\u00f6rnum.<\/p>

\u00deessir f\u00edkjuhengiskartgripir s\u00fdna a\u00f0 l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0i\u00f0 var snemma flutt yfir \u00ed varanlegt myndm\u00f3t\u00edf. \u00dar forgengilegri handst\u00f6\u00f0u var\u00f0 hlutur sem h\u00e6gt var a\u00f0 bera st\u00f6\u00f0ugt.<\/p>

\u00cd Austurl\u00f6ndum n\u00e6r er opna h\u00f6ndin sem myndm\u00f3t\u00edf mj\u00f6g \u00fatbreidd. H\u00f6ndin me\u00f0 augnm\u00f3t\u00edfinu er skjalfest yfir margar aldir og \u00fevert \u00e1 nokkur tr\u00faarbr\u00f6g\u00f0.<\/p>

\u00cd hinum forna heimi var opna h\u00f6ndin almennt talin heilsu-, verndar- og st\u00f6\u00f0vunarl\u00e1tbrag\u00f0. \u00deessi merking myndar bakgrunn hinnar afneitandi t\u00falkunar \u00e1 verndarh\u00f6ndinni.<\/p>

Einnig fr\u00e1 gr\u00edska heiminum eru heimildir um afneitandi l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0. Forn\u00f6ld<\/span>-heimildir nefna athafnir sem beitt var til a\u00f0 v\u00edsa fr\u00e1 augnar\u00e1\u00f0i sem tali\u00f0 var ska\u00f0legt.<\/p>

\u00deessi d\u00e6mi s\u00fdna a\u00f0 verndarl\u00e1tbrag\u00f0 voru \u00feekkt \u00e1 fornu Mi\u00f0jar\u00f0arhafssv\u00e6\u00f0inu og \u00ed Austurl\u00f6ndum n\u00e6r. F\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 og opna h\u00f6ndin eru \u00fear sk\u00fdrust.<\/p>

Einnig fr\u00e1 etr\u00farsku og frum\u00edt\u00f6lsku sv\u00e6\u00f0inu eru var\u00f0veittir litlir hengiskartgripir \u00ed hnefaformi, sem eru eldri en r\u00f3mverska f\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 e\u00f0a standa samhli\u00f0a \u00fev\u00ed. \u00deeir s\u00fdna a\u00f0 afneitandi t\u00falkun handformsins hefur lengri fors\u00f6gu \u00e1 Mi\u00f0jar\u00f0arhafssv\u00e6\u00f0inu. F\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 fellur \u00feannig inn \u00ed v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6ka hef\u00f0 forma\u00f0ra handmerkja.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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D\u00e6mi \u00far evr\u00f3pskri \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tr\u00faargaldri<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00cd evr\u00f3pskri \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tr\u00fa er f\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 mj\u00f6g \u00fatbreitt. \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0h\u00e1ttafr\u00e6\u00f0ileg s\u00f6fn greina fr\u00e1 l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0inu sem sj\u00e1lfsprottinni afneitandi ath\u00f6fn, sem framkv\u00e6md var \u00feegar hitt einstakling sem talinn var h\u00e6ttulegur.<\/p>

Oft var f\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 gert \u00e1 laun, t.d. \u00ed vasanum e\u00f0a \u00e1 bak vi\u00f0 baki\u00f0. \u00deannig var h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0i\u00f0 \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 hinn a\u00f0ilinn t\u00e6ki eftir \u00fev\u00ed.<\/p>

F\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 birtist \u00ed Evr\u00f3pu einnig sem hengiskartgripur. Litlar f\u00edkjur \u00far k\u00f3ral, beini e\u00f0a d\u00fdrm\u00e6tum m\u00e1lmi voru s\u00e9rstaklega hengdar \u00e1 b\u00f6rn. \u00de\u00e6r tengja l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0i\u00f0 vi\u00f0 varanlegt form verndargripsins.<\/p>

Hornal\u00e1tbrag\u00f0i\u00f0 er s\u00e9rstaklega vel skjalfest fr\u00e1 \u00edtalska sv\u00e6\u00f0inu. \u00dea\u00f0 er nota\u00f0 \u00fear gegn augnar\u00e1\u00f0i sem tali\u00f0 er ska\u00f0legt og er \u00feekkt til \u00feessa dags.<\/p>

Fr\u00e1sagnir af verndarl\u00e1tbrag\u00f0i skjalfesta v\u00e6ntingar \u00feeirra sem notu\u00f0u \u00fea\u00f0, ekki sanna\u00f0a virkni. \u00de\u00e6r s\u00fdna a\u00f0 l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0i\u00f0 var tali\u00f0 strax tilt\u00e6k ath\u00f6fn sem veitti \u00f6ryggi.<\/p>

Me\u00f0 f\u00e6kkun t\u00f6frahef\u00f0a \u00ed heimilisl\u00edfi minnka\u00f0i v\u00e6gi afneitandi t\u00falkunar l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0anna. F\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 og hornal\u00e1tbrag\u00f0i\u00f0 h\u00e9ldust \u00fe\u00f3 \u00e1fram \u00feekkt sem l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0, a\u00f0 hluta me\u00f0 annarri merkingu.<\/p>

\u00c1 Sp\u00e1ni og \u00ed Port\u00fagal er f\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 sem hengiskartgripur, undir nafninu Higa, \u00fatbreitt fram \u00e1 n\u00fat\u00edma. Litlar Higur \u00far jet, k\u00f3ral e\u00f0a silfri voru s\u00e9rstaklega hengdar \u00e1 b\u00f6rn og eru r\u00edkulega vitna\u00f0ar \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0h\u00e1ttafr\u00e6\u00f0ileg s\u00f6fn. \u00deessi d\u00e6mi s\u00fdna hversu n\u00e1tengd hi\u00f0 forgengilega l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0 og hi\u00f0 varanlega verndargripurinn<\/span> voru.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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D\u00e6mi fr\u00e1 As\u00edu og \u00f6\u00f0rum menningarheimum<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00cd Su\u00f0ur- og Austur-As\u00edu eru fastm\u00f3ta\u00f0ar handst\u00f6\u00f0ur mj\u00f6g \u00fatbreiddar \u00ed tr\u00faarlegu samhengi. \u00cd hind\u00fa\u00edskri og b\u00fadd\u00edskri hef\u00f0 bera sl\u00edk handmerki fasta merkingu og koma fram \u00ed helgisi\u00f0um<\/span> og myndlist.<\/p>

Sum \u00feessara handmerkja eru tengd hugmyndinni um verndun og hugleysi \u00f3tta. Uppreist opna h\u00f6ndin kemur \u00fear fram sem l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0 sem \u00e1 a\u00f0 fjarl\u00e6gja \u00f3tta og veita vernd.<\/p>

Opna h\u00f6ndin sem verndarm\u00f3t\u00edf er \u00feekkt v\u00ed\u00f0ar en \u00ed As\u00edu. \u00c1 \u00edsl\u00f6mskum og \u00ed gy\u00f0inglegum samhengi er h\u00f6ndin sem myndm\u00f3t\u00edf mj\u00f6g \u00fatbreidd og telst me\u00f0al \u00feekktustu verndart\u00e1kna.<\/p>

\u00cd \u00fdmsum menningarheimum er skjalfest a\u00f0 \u00fatr\u00e9tting e\u00f0a glenning fingra s\u00e9 afneitandi ath\u00f6fn. N\u00e1kv\u00e6mt form l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0sins er \u00fear mismunandi eftir sv\u00e6\u00f0um.<\/p>

\u00devert \u00e1 \u00feessi sv\u00e6\u00f0i kemur \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 h\u00f6ndin sem verndart\u00e1kn er ekki m\u00f3t\u00edf<\/span> einnar tiltekinnar menningar. Opna h\u00f6ndin er \u00ed s\u00e9rlega m\u00f6rgum hef\u00f0um tengd verndun.<\/p>

Fj\u00f6lbreytni d\u00e6manna s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 verndarl\u00e1tbrag\u00f0i\u00f0 ber a\u00f0 skilja sem meginreglu. \u00dea\u00f0 kemur fram alls sta\u00f0ar \u00fear sem handst\u00f6\u00f0u er gefin merking sem n\u00e6r \u00fat fyrir hi\u00f0 hversdagslega.<\/p>

\u00cd kristinni myndlist hefur uppreist opna h\u00f6ndin, sem blessunarl\u00e1tbrag\u00f0, fastan sess. \u00dea\u00f0 kemur fram \u00ed myndum af blessandi verum og tengdist hugmyndinni um vernd og fylgd. \u00deessi tr\u00faarlega notkun stendur vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legs afneitandi l\u00e1tbrag\u00f0s og s\u00fdnir hi\u00f0 v\u00ed\u00f0a merkingarsvi\u00f0 opnu handarinnar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Notkun \u00ed rit\u00faali og daglegu l\u00edfi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Verndarhreyfingin var \u00ed daglegu l\u00edfi oftast framkv\u00e6md \u00e1 sj\u00e1lfsprottinn h\u00e1tt. H\u00fan var tilt\u00e6k \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed augnabliki \u00feegar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur voru upplifa\u00f0ar sem h\u00e6ttulegar, til d\u00e6mis vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 hitta \u00f3ttalega pers\u00f3nu.<\/p>

Oft var hreyfingin ger\u00f0 \u00ed leyni. F\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 \u00ed vasanum e\u00f0a \u00e1 bak vi\u00f0 baki\u00f0 ger\u00f0i m\u00f6nnum kleift a\u00f0 verjast \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 m\u00f3\u00f0ga vi\u00f0m\u00e6landann opinsk\u00e1tt. \u00deessi leynd tilheyrir hinum hef\u00f0bundna si\u00f0<\/span>.<\/p>

Hreyfingin gat veri\u00f0 tengd tala\u00f0um or\u00f0um. L\u00e1gv\u00e6r form\u00e1li e\u00f0a \u00e1k\u00f6llun<\/span> fylgdi handst\u00f6\u00f0unni \u00ed sumum hef\u00f0um og tilheyr\u00f0i heilli ath\u00f6fninni.<\/p>

Sem hengi var hreyfingin f\u00e6r\u00f0 yfir \u00ed varanlegt form. F\u00edkjumerki \u00far k\u00f3ral e\u00f0a h\u00f6nd \u00far m\u00e1lmi bar myndefni\u00f0<\/span> st\u00f6\u00f0ugt me\u00f0 s\u00e9r og \u00feurfti ekki a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 sta\u00f0num.<\/p>

\u00cd rit\u00faalsamhengi, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00ed tr\u00faarlegum hef\u00f0um As\u00edu, eru handart\u00e1kn hluti af fastm\u00f3tu\u00f0um ath\u00f6fnum. \u00dear fylgir hreyfingin hef\u00f0bundinni skipan og fastri merkingu.<\/p>

\u00dea\u00f0 er ekki til neitt samr\u00e6mt rit\u00faalkerfi fyrir verndarhreyfingar. \u00c1 svi\u00f0i \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0tr\u00faar var hreyfingin oftast sj\u00e1lfsprottin, en \u00ed tr\u00faarlegu samhengi As\u00edu var h\u00fan aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti fastm\u00f3tu\u00f0. N\u00e1kv\u00e6m form hennar var h\u00e1\u00f0 hef\u00f0 og tilefni.<\/p>

\u00c1ttin sem hreyfingin var ger\u00f0 \u00ed haf\u00f0i l\u00edka \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu. F\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 og hornat\u00e1kni\u00f0 voru markvisst framkv\u00e6md \u00ed \u00e1tt a\u00f0 \u00feeirri pers\u00f3nu sem talin var h\u00e6ttuleg. \u00deessi \u00fatf\u00e6rsla s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 hreyfingin var ekki skilin almennt, heldur beint a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0num vi\u00f0m\u00e6landa.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Skyldar verndarformir og afm\u00f6rkun<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Verndarhreyfingin er \u00ed n\u00e1num tengslum vi\u00f0 myndverndargripinn. F\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 og opna h\u00f6ndin koma fram b\u00e6\u00f0i sem hreyfing og sem verndargripur e\u00f0a talismani<\/a>. Hreyfing og myndefni<\/span> renna saman.<\/p>

Verndarhreyfingin er n\u00e1i\u00f0 tengd vi\u00f0 varnir gegn hinu ska\u00f0lega augnar\u00e1\u00f0i. Eins og bl\u00e1a augnperlan sn\u00faast hreyfingarnar oft gegn \u00feessu augnar\u00e1\u00f0i, en \u00fe\u00e6r gera \u00fea\u00f0 me\u00f0 l\u00edkamanum \u00ed sta\u00f0 hlutar.<\/p>

Fr\u00e1 verndargripnum<\/span> greinir hin hreina hreyfing sig me\u00f0 hverfulleika s\u00ednum. Verndargripur<\/span> er varanlegur og bundinn efni. Hreyfingin er ath\u00f6fn \u00ed augnablikinu og l\u00e6tur engin merki eftir sig.<\/p>

\u00dea\u00f0 er skil \u00e1 milli hreyfingarins og hreyfingarins sem einfaldrar m\u00f3\u00f0gunar. F\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 og hornat\u00e1kni\u00f0 eru \u00ed sumum samhengjum notu\u00f0 a\u00f0eins sem m\u00f3\u00f0gun. \u00cd \u00feeirri notkun skortir hina verndandi merkingu.<\/p>

Verndarhreyfingin skal einnig a\u00f0greind fr\u00e1 hreinni tr\u00faarlegri rit\u00faalhreyfingu. Handart\u00e1kn \u00ed gu\u00f0s\u00fej\u00f3nustu og \u00ed b\u00e6n<\/span> fylgja k\u00falt\u00edskri skipan og bera ekki fyrst og fremst verndandi merkingu.<\/p>

\u00deessi sta\u00f0setning me\u00f0al n\u00e1l\u00e6gra hugtaka hj\u00e1lpar til vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 skilgreina verndarhreyfinguna n\u00e1kv\u00e6mlega. H\u00fan er l\u00edkamleg varnarath\u00f6fn sem er n\u00e1in myndverndargripnum og greinir sig fr\u00e1 m\u00f3\u00f0gun og hreinni rit\u00faalhreyfingu.<\/p>

Innan l\u00edkamlegra verndarathafna stendur verndarhreyfingin vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0 annarra athafna eins og a\u00f0 sp\u00fdta og snerta \u00e1kve\u00f0na hluti. \u00deessar athafnir eru einnig taldar \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum heimildum sem sj\u00e1lfsprottnar varnarathafnir. Hreyfingin fellur \u00feannig inn \u00ed brei\u00f0an h\u00f3p l\u00edkamlegra vi\u00f0brag\u00f0a.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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N\u00faverandi m\u00f3ttaka verndarhreyfinganna<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Sumar verndarhreyfingar eru \u00feekktar sem hreyfingar allt til dagsins \u00ed dag, oft \u00fe\u00f3 me\u00f0 breyttri merkingu. F\u00edkjumerki\u00f0 og hornat\u00e1kni\u00f0 eru skilin \u00ed m\u00f6rgum l\u00f6ndum, \u00fdmist sem gr\u00f3f hreyfing, \u00fdmist sem si\u00f0ur<\/span>.<\/p>

Hornat\u00e1kni\u00f0 hefur fundi\u00f0 s\u00edna eigin \u00fatbrei\u00f0slu \u00ed d\u00e6gurmenningu, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00ed kringum \u00e1kve\u00f0nar t\u00f3nlistarstefnur. \u00deessi n\u00fat\u00edmalega notkun stendur ekki \u00ed neinum tengslum vi\u00f0 hina fornu varnart\u00falkun.<\/p>

\u00cd n\u00fat\u00edma dulspeki<\/span> eru handart\u00e1kn stundum l\u00fdst sem varnart\u00e6ki. Sl\u00edkum a\u00f0fer\u00f0um eru eigna\u00f0ir \u00e1hrif sem eru ekki sta\u00f0fest. \u00deau \u00e6ttu a\u00f0 vera metin \u00e1 gagnr\u00fdnan h\u00e1tt.<\/p>

Sem myndefni er opna h\u00f6ndin v\u00ed\u00f0a \u00fatbreidd fram \u00e1 \u00feennan dag. H\u00f6ndin me\u00f0 augnamyndefninu kemur fram \u00e1 skartgripum og skreytingum og er almennt \u00feekkt sem verndart\u00e1kn.<\/p>

Fyrir tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/span> eru verndarhreyfingar l\u00e6rd\u00f3msr\u00edkt d\u00e6mi. \u00de\u00e6r s\u00fdna hvernig hverful l\u00edkamleg ath\u00f6fn getur or\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 f\u00f6stu t\u00e1kni og jafnvel breyst \u00ed varanlegan verndargrip<\/span>.<\/p>

S\u00e1 sem fjallar um verndarhreyfingar \u00ed dag finnur \u00ed \u00feeim fyrst og fremst menningars\u00f6gulegt efni. Hlutlaus umfj\u00f6llun a\u00f0greinir sta\u00f0festa s\u00f6gu hreyfinganna fr\u00e1 n\u00fat\u00edmalegum lofor\u00f0um um \u00e1hrif sem standast ekki sko\u00f0un.<\/p>

\u00cd ranns\u00f3knum \u00e1 l\u00edkamsm\u00e1li eru hreyfingar \u00ed dag skr\u00e1\u00f0ar og bornar saman \u00e1 kerfisbundinn h\u00e1tt. Sl\u00edkar ranns\u00f3knir s\u00fdna a\u00f0 sama handform getur veri\u00f0 skili\u00f0 mj\u00f6g mismunandi \u00ed \u00f3l\u00edkum menningarheimum. \u00deessi ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0a s\u00fdnir sk\u00fdrt hvers vegna varnart\u00falkun hreyfingar er bundin menningarlegu samhengi hennar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Heimildir (\u00farval)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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