{"id":169224,"date":"2026-09-05T14:06:38","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:06:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=169224"},"modified":"2026-09-05T14:35:26","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:35:26","slug":"dharmachakra-hjol-kenningarins","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/is\/dharmachakra-hjol-kenningarins\/","title":{"rendered":"Dharmachakra \u2013 hj\u00f3l b\u00fadd\u00edskrar kenningar"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Dharmachakra \u2013 hj\u00f3l kenningarins sem merki b\u00faddisma<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Dharmachakra er nafni\u00f0 \u00e1 hj\u00f3li kenningarins, mikilv\u00e6gasta merki b\u00faddisma. \u00c1ttarma hj\u00f3li\u00f0 stendur fyrir hinn \u00e1ttfalda veg sem B\u00fadda kenndi sem lei\u00f0 til vitundar. Sem merki kenningarinnar sj\u00e1lfrar hefur \u00fea\u00f0 b\u00e6\u00f0i verndandi og lei\u00f0beinandi merkingu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Verndarmerki<\/span>B\u00faddismi<\/a>Kenningarmerki<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Dharmachakra\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Yfirlit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Dharmachakra er nafn \u00far sanskr\u00edt fyrir hj\u00f3l kenningarins. \u00dea\u00f0 er mikilv\u00e6gasta og \u00feekktasta merki b\u00faddisma<\/a>.<\/p>

Or\u00f0i\u00f0 er samsett \u00far tveimur hlutum. Fyrri hlutinn v\u00edsar til kenningar B\u00fadda, seinni hlutinn \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir hj\u00f3l. Dharmachakra er \u00feannig hj\u00f3l b\u00fadd\u00edskrar kenningar.<\/p>

Merki\u00f0 er s\u00fdnt sem hj\u00f3l me\u00f0 mi\u00f0ju, hj\u00f3lbaug og fj\u00f6lda arma. \u00cd sinni \u00feekktustu mynd hefur hj\u00f3li\u00f0 \u00e1tta arma.<\/p>

Dharmachakra stendur fyrir kenningu B\u00fadda \u00ed heild. \u00dear sem \u00fea\u00f0 birtist er kenningin sj\u00e1lf vi\u00f0st\u00f6dd. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00feannig v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kasta merki b\u00faddisma.<\/p>

Innan hinna \u00e1tta happamerkja, Ashtamangala, er hj\u00f3l kenningarins hi\u00f0 \u00e1ttunda og jafnframt mikilv\u00e6gasta merki\u00f0. \u00c1 s\u00ed\u00f0unni um Ashtamangala<\/a> er \u00feessi h\u00f3pur s\u00fdndur.<\/p>

\u00cd tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/span> er Dharmachakra g\u00f3\u00f0 d\u00e6mi um merki sem birtir heila kenningu. \u00dea\u00f0 verndar og lei\u00f0beinir me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 minna \u00e1 veginn til vitundar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Hj\u00f3li\u00f0 sem fornt t\u00e1kn<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Hj\u00f3li\u00f0 er fornt t\u00e1kn sem haf\u00f0i merkingu \u00ed indverskum heimi l\u00f6ngu \u00e1\u00f0ur en b\u00faddismi kom fram. B\u00faddismi t\u00f3k t\u00e1kni\u00f0 upp og gaf \u00fev\u00ed n\u00fdja merkingu.<\/p>

\u00cd eldri indverskri hugmynd var hj\u00f3li\u00f0 t\u00e1kn r\u00e9ttl\u00e1ts konungs. Fyrirmyndar heimsstj\u00f3rnandi var tengdur hj\u00f3li sem s\u00fdndi vald hans yfir heiminum.<\/p>

\u00deetta hj\u00f3l konungsins st\u00f3\u00f0 fyrir r\u00e9tta skipan. \u00dea\u00f0 hreyf\u00f0ist \u00e1n m\u00f3tst\u00f6\u00f0u og bar r\u00e9tt og reglu hvert sem \u00fea\u00f0 f\u00f3r.<\/p>

B\u00faddismi t\u00f3k \u00feessa mynd upp. \u00dar hj\u00f3li veraldlegs valds var\u00f0 hj\u00f3l kenningarinnar. \u00cd sta\u00f0 r\u00edkis breiddist n\u00fa kenning B\u00fadda \u00fat.<\/p>

B\u00fadda sj\u00e1lfur var\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feessari mynd andlegur heimsstj\u00f3rnandi. Hann r\u00edkir ekki yfir landi heldur setur kenningu s\u00edna \u00ed gang eins hj\u00f3l sem v\u00edsar m\u00f6nnum veginn.<\/p>

Uppruni Dharmachakra s\u00fdnir \u00feannig algengt ferli. Eldra t\u00e1kn veraldlegs valds var teki\u00f0 upp og breytt \u00ed t\u00e1kn andlegrar kenningar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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A\u00f0 sn\u00faa hj\u00f3li kenningarins<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Me\u00f0 Dharmachakra er tengd myndr\u00e6nni or\u00f0anotkun sem oft kemur fyrir \u00ed b\u00fadd\u00edskum textum. Tala\u00f0 er um a\u00f0 sn\u00faa e\u00f0a setja \u00ed gang hj\u00f3l kenningarins.<\/p>

\u00deessi or\u00f0anotkun v\u00edsar til afdrifar\u00edkrar stundar \u00ed l\u00edfi B\u00fadda. Eftir a\u00f0 hann haf\u00f0i n\u00e1\u00f0 vitund flutti hann fyrstu pr\u00e9dikun s\u00edna og kynnti kenninguna \u00ed fyrsta sinn.<\/p>

\u00deessi stund fyrstu pr\u00e9dikunarinnar er k\u00f6llu\u00f0 fyrsta sn\u00faning hj\u00f3ls kenningarins. Me\u00f0 \u00feessari pr\u00e9dikun setti B\u00fadda kenninguna, svo a\u00f0 segja, \u00ed gang.<\/p>

Myndin er vel valin. Eins og hj\u00f3l, sem einu sinni er sett \u00e1 hreyfingu, r\u00fallar \u00e1fram, brei\u00f0ist kenningin, einu sinni kunngj\u00f6r\u00f0, s\u00edfellt \u00fat og berst til n\u00fdrra manna.<\/p>

B\u00fadd\u00edsk munnm\u00e6lahef\u00f0<\/span> talar um nokkrar sl\u00edkar sn\u00faningar hj\u00f3lsins. \u00dear er \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 mismunandi stig e\u00f0a \u00e1fanga \u00fear sem kenningin var \u00fer\u00f3u\u00f0 frekar.<\/p>

Dharmachakra sem t\u00e1kn er \u00f3a\u00f0skiljanlegt fr\u00e1 \u00feessari or\u00f0anotkun. Hj\u00f3li\u00f0 er ekki kyrrst\u00e6\u00f0 mynd, heldur hreyf\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 stendur fyrir kenningu sem er \u00e1 hreyfingu og brei\u00f0ist \u00fat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\u00c1tta armarnir og hinn \u00e1ttfaldi vegur<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00cd sinni \u00feekktustu mynd hefur Dharmachakra \u00e1tta arma. \u00deessi tala er ekki valin af tilviljun, heldur hefur n\u00e1kv\u00e6ma merkingu.<\/p>

\u00c1tta armarnir stendur fyrir hinn \u00e1ttfalda veg. \u00deessi vegur er mi\u00f0l\u00e6gt efni b\u00fadd\u00edskrar kenningar og l\u00fdsir lei\u00f0inni sem lei\u00f0ir \u00fat \u00far \u00fej\u00e1ningu.<\/p>

Hinn \u00e1ttfaldi vegur skiptist \u00ed \u00e1tta li\u00f0i. \u00deeir var\u00f0a r\u00e9tta inns\u00fdn, r\u00e9tta hugsun, r\u00e9tt tal, r\u00e9tta ath\u00f6fn, r\u00e9tta l\u00edfsafkomu, r\u00e9tta vi\u00f0leitni, r\u00e9tta athygli og r\u00e9tta einbeitingu.<\/p>

Hver af \u00e1tta \u00f6rmum hj\u00f3lsins stendur fyrir einn af \u00feessum \u00e1tta li\u00f0um. Hj\u00f3li\u00f0 dregur \u00feannig saman allan veginn \u00ed einni mynd.<\/p>

Armarnir bera hj\u00f3lbaugurinn, og a\u00f0eins saman halda \u00feeir hj\u00f3linu uppi. \u00c1 sama h\u00e1tt tengjast \u00e1tta li\u00f0ir vegarins og myndinga fyrst saman fullkomna lei\u00f0ina.<\/p>

\u00c1ttarma Dharmachakra er \u00feannig t\u00e1kn af miklum hugsanlegum \u00fe\u00e9ttleika. \u00cd einfaldri mynd, hj\u00f3li me\u00f0 \u00e1tta \u00f6rmum, er allur vegur b\u00faddisma til vitundar falinn.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Mi\u00f0ja, armar og hj\u00f3lbaugur<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Dharmachakra er samsett \u00far \u00feremur hlutum, mi\u00f0junni \u00ed mi\u00f0junni, \u00f6rmunum og ytri hj\u00f3lbaugnum. Hver \u00feessara hluta er \u00fatlag\u00f0ur og hefur s\u00edna eigin merkingu.<\/p>

Mi\u00f0jan \u00ed mi\u00f0junni er kyrrst\u00e6\u00f0ur kjarni hj\u00f3lsins. H\u00fan er tengd andlegri \u00fej\u00e1lfun og innri einbeitingu, sem myndar fastan kjarna vegarins.<\/p>

Armarnir eru \u00fatlag\u00f0ir \u00e1 mismunandi h\u00e1tt eftir fj\u00f6lda \u00feeirra. \u00c1tta armar stendur fyrir hinn \u00e1ttfalda veg. A\u00f0rar t\u00f6lur v\u00edsa til frekari skiptingar kenningarinnar.<\/p>

Hj\u00f3lbaugurinn, ytri hringur hj\u00f3lsins, heldur \u00f6rmunum saman. Hann er tengdur athygli og einbeitingu, sem halda veginum saman og gera hann heilan.<\/p>

Sumar myndir gefa hj\u00f3linu aukna skreytingu. B\u00f6nd, undirsta\u00f0a e\u00f0a par d\u00fdra geta fylgt hj\u00f3linu og s\u00fdna vir\u00f0ingu \u00feess.<\/p>

\u00deessi skipulag\u00f0a mynd gerir Dharmachakra a\u00f0 vandlega hugsu\u00f0u t\u00e1kni. \u00deegar bygging \u00feess, mi\u00f0jan, armarnir og haldandi hj\u00f3lbaugurinn, endurspeglar sj\u00e1lf byggingu kenningarinnar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Hj\u00f3li\u00f0 \u00ed b\u00fadd\u00edskri list<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Dharmachakra er eitt af elstu t\u00e1knum b\u00fadd\u00edskrar listar. \u00dea\u00f0 kemur fram \u00e1 t\u00edmum \u00feegar B\u00fadda var enn ekki s\u00fdndur \u00ed mannsmynd.<\/p>

\u00cd frumb\u00fadd\u00edskri list var B\u00fadda gefi\u00f0 til kynna me\u00f0 t\u00e1knum, ekki me\u00f0 mynd af honum. Au\u00f0ur h\u00e1s\u00e6ti, tr\u00e9, f\u00f3tspor e\u00f0a hj\u00f3l t\u00e1knu\u00f0u n\u00e6rveru hans.<\/p>

\u00c1 \u00feessu fyrra t\u00edmabili t\u00e1kna\u00f0i hj\u00f3li\u00f0 B\u00fadda sem kennara og fyrstu pr\u00e9dikun hans. \u00dear sem hj\u00f3li\u00f0 birtist var \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 stund er kenningin var kunnger\u00f0.<\/p>

\u00de\u00f3tt B\u00fadda v\u00e6ri s\u00ed\u00f0ar s\u00fdndur \u00ed mannsmynd, h\u00e9lt hj\u00f3li\u00f0 \u00e1fram a\u00f0 hafa merkingu. \u00dea\u00f0 kemur fram \u00e1 hli\u00f0um, s\u00falum, hofum og \u00ed h\u00f6ndum b\u00faddastyttna.<\/p>

S\u00e9rstaklega kunn mynd s\u00fdnir hj\u00f3li\u00f0 milli tveggja hjarta e\u00f0a gasellna. \u00deessi mynd minnir \u00e1 sta\u00f0inn \u00fear sem fyrsta pr\u00e9dikunin var haldin, gar\u00f0 \u00fear sem hirtir bjuggu.<\/p>

\u00cd b\u00fadd\u00edskri list allri, fr\u00e1 Indlandi til Austur-As\u00edu, er dharmachakra \u00feannig samfellt t\u00e1kn. \u00dea\u00f0 fylgir list b\u00faddismans gegnum alla hans l\u00f6ngu s\u00f6gu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Hj\u00f3li\u00f0 sem verndart\u00e1kn<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Dharmachakra er fyrst og fremst kennslut\u00e1kn. Verndandi merking \u00feess sprettur af \u00fev\u00ed sem \u00fea\u00f0 stendur fyrir, nefnilega kenningu B\u00fadda sj\u00e1lfs.<\/p>

Samkv\u00e6mt b\u00fadd\u00edskum skilningi er \u00fea\u00f0 kenningin sem verndar manninn fr\u00e1 \u00fej\u00e1ningu. H\u00fan s\u00fdnir lei\u00f0ina \u00fat \u00far fl\u00e6kjunni. Hj\u00f3li\u00f0, sem er \u00edmynd \u00feessarar kenningar, ber \u00feannig verndandi merkingu.<\/p>

S\u00e1 sem ber e\u00f0a horfir \u00e1 dharmachakra er minntur \u00e1 kenninguna og \u00e1ttfalda veginn. \u00deessi \u00e1minning \u00e1 a\u00f0 halda manninum \u00e1 r\u00e9ttri lei\u00f0.<\/p>

Verndin sem dharmachakra veitir felst \u00feannig ekki \u00ed v\u00f6rn gegn utana\u00f0komandi \u00f6flum. H\u00fan felst \u00ed \u00e1herslu mannsins, \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hann sn\u00fai s\u00e9r a\u00f0 kenningunni og veginum.<\/p>

\u00dear skilur hj\u00f3li\u00f0 sig fr\u00e1 verjandi verndart\u00e1knum. \u00dea\u00f0 hrekur ekki illt fr\u00e1 s\u00e9r, heldur v\u00edsar \u00e1tt. Vernd \u00feess er r\u00e9tt stefna l\u00edfsins.<\/p>

Dharmachakra er \u00feannig gott d\u00e6mi um vernd \u00ed gegnum stefnu. \u00dea\u00f0 var\u00f0veitir manninn me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 s\u00fdna honum veginn sem b\u00faddismi kennir sem lei\u00f0 \u00fat \u00far \u00fej\u00e1ningunni.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Hj\u00f3li\u00f0 sem t\u00e1kn alls b\u00faddisma<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Af \u00f6llum t\u00e1knum b\u00faddisma hefur dharmachakra s\u00e9rstaka st\u00f6\u00f0u. \u00dea\u00f0 er ekki eitt t\u00e1kn me\u00f0al margra, heldur t\u00e1kn b\u00faddisma \u00ed heild sinni.<\/p>

\u00d6nnur b\u00fadd\u00edsk t\u00e1kn stanfa fyrir einst\u00f6k efni, fyrir dygg\u00f0, fyrir blessun<\/span> e\u00f0a fyrir \u00e1kve\u00f0na pers\u00f3nu. Dharmachakra stendur aftur \u00e1 m\u00f3ti fyrir kenninguna \u00ed heild.<\/p>

\u00deessi v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6ka merking sk\u00fdrir hina v\u00ed\u00f0u \u00fatbrei\u00f0slu \u00feess. \u00cd \u00f6llum sk\u00f3lum og \u00f6llum sv\u00e6\u00f0um b\u00faddisma er hj\u00f3l kenningarinnar sameiginlegt t\u00e1kn.<\/p>

Dharmachakra hefur \u00fev\u00ed or\u00f0i\u00f0 almennt vi\u00f0urkennt sinnbild<\/span> b\u00faddisma. \u00dear sem \u00fea\u00f0 kemur fram er \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 b\u00fadd\u00edska kenningu, \u00f3h\u00e1\u00f0 einst\u00f6kum sk\u00f3la.<\/p>

\u00cd \u00feessari st\u00f6\u00f0u l\u00edkist dharmachakra hinum st\u00f3ru t\u00e1knum annarra tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0a. Eins og krossinn fyrir kristni, \u00feannig stendur hj\u00f3l kenningarinnar fyrir b\u00faddisma.<\/p>

Dharmachakra er \u00feannig h\u00f6fu\u00f0t\u00e1kn heillar tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0ar. \u00cd einni einfaldri mynd er kenning B\u00fadda og lei\u00f0in til vitundar samandregin.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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M\u00f3tt\u00f6kur \u00ed dag<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Dharmachakra er alls sta\u00f0ar n\u00e1l\u00e6gt \u00ed b\u00fadd\u00edskum heimi enn \u00feann dag \u00ed dag. \u00cd hofum, klaustrum og \u00ed listinni er hj\u00f3l kenningarinnar kunnugleg sj\u00f3n.<\/p>

Sem skartgripur og hengi er dharmachakra bori\u00f0 af m\u00f6rgum. \u00cd \u00feessu formi er \u00fea\u00f0 j\u00e1tning um tr\u00fa \u00e1 b\u00faddisma og \u00e1minning um kenningu hans.<\/p>

Auk tr\u00faarlegrar notkunar hefur hj\u00f3l kenningarinnar or\u00f0i\u00f0 v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kt vi\u00f0urkennt t\u00e1kn. \u00dea\u00f0 kemur fram \u00e1 f\u00e1num, skjaldarmerkjum og r\u00edkist\u00e1knum \u00ed l\u00f6ndum me\u00f0 b\u00fadd\u00edska s\u00f6gu.<\/p>

Einnig \u00e1 Vesturl\u00f6ndum hefur dharmachakra or\u00f0i\u00f0 kunnugt me\u00f0 auknum \u00e1huga \u00e1 b\u00faddisma. \u00dear er \u00fea\u00f0 skili\u00f0 sem t\u00e1kn b\u00faddisma og nota\u00f0 sem skart- og sinnbild<\/span>.<\/p>

\u00cd \u00feessari v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kari notkun getur n\u00e1kv\u00e6m merking hinna \u00e1tta geira or\u00f0i\u00f0 minna \u00e1berandi. Hj\u00f3li\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00e1 skili\u00f0 almennt sem t\u00e1kn b\u00faddisma.<\/p>

\u00cd e\u00f0li s\u00ednu er dharmachakra \u00fe\u00f3 \u00e1fram \u00fea\u00f0 sem \u00fea\u00f0 var fr\u00e1 fyrstu pr\u00e9dikun B\u00fadda, hj\u00f3l kenningarinnar sem t\u00e1knar \u00e1ttfalda veginn og lei\u00f0ina til vitundar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Heimildir (\u00farval)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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