{"id":169170,"date":"2026-09-05T14:06:12","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:06:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=169170"},"modified":"2026-09-05T14:34:02","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:34:02","slug":"verndarrunir","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/is\/verndarrunir\/","title":{"rendered":"Verndarr\u00fanir \u2013 r\u00fanir sem germansk verndart\u00e1kn"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Verndarr\u00fanir \u2013 r\u00fanir og r\u00fana\u00e1letranir sem verndart\u00e1kn<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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R\u00fanir voru fyrst og fremst ritm\u00e1l. En \u00ed hinum germanska heimi \u00fej\u00f3nu\u00f0u einstakar r\u00fanir og r\u00fana\u00e1letranir einnig verndarhlutverki. Skorin r\u00fanaam\u00falettur og verndarform\u00falur bera vitni um \u00feessa notkun. Ein r\u00fan<\/span> me\u00f0 varnandi merkingu er \u00ed dag oft k\u00f6llu\u00f0 verndarr\u00fan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Verndart\u00e1kn<\/span>Germ\u00f6nsk<\/a>Verndart\u00e1kn<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Verndarr\u00fanir\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Yfirlit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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R\u00fanir eru skriftart\u00e1kn germ\u00f6nsku<\/a> \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0anna. Um margar aldir voru me\u00f0 \u00feeim skornar \u00e1letranir \u00ed stein, tr\u00e9, bein og m\u00e1lm.<\/p>

Fyrst og fremst voru r\u00fanirnar ritm\u00e1l. Me\u00f0 \u00feeim voru n\u00f6fn skr\u00e1\u00f0, hlutir merktir, skilabo\u00f0 flutt og hinna l\u00e1tnu minnst \u00e1 steinum. \u00deessi ritm\u00e1lshlutverk er grundv\u00f6llur alls annars.<\/p>

Umfram hi\u00f0 hreina ritm\u00e1l g\u00e1tu r\u00fanir \u00fe\u00f3 einnig \u00fej\u00f3na\u00f0 sem verndart\u00e1kn. Einstakar r\u00fanir, r\u00fanara\u00f0ir og heilar r\u00fana\u00e1letranir voru tengdar verndandi verkun.<\/p>

\u00deessi s\u00ed\u00f0a fjallar um r\u00fanirnar \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00feessu sj\u00f3narhorni, sem verndart\u00e1kn. \u00dear er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 gera n\u00e1kv\u00e6man greinarmun, \u00fev\u00ed \u00fea\u00f0 sem raunverulega er sta\u00f0fest og \u00fea\u00f0 sem n\u00fat\u00edminn hefur b\u00e6tt vi\u00f0 er ekki \u00fea\u00f0 sama.<\/p>

\u00cd fr\u00e6\u00f0unum eru r\u00fanirnar vel rannsaka\u00f0 svi\u00f0, en einnig svi\u00f0 sem oft hefur veri\u00f0 go\u00f0sagnav\u00e6tt. N\u00e1kv\u00e6m framsetning skilur \u00e1 milli fornleifafr\u00e6\u00f0ilega og m\u00e1lfr\u00e6\u00f0ilega sta\u00f0festra gagna og n\u00fat\u00edmalegra t\u00falkana.<\/p>

Verndarr\u00fanirnar eru \u00feannig d\u00e6mi um hversu mikilv\u00e6gur \u00feessi greinarmunur er. Til eru sannar r\u00fan\u00edskar verndar\u00e1letranir, og til er n\u00fat\u00edmalegt kerfi sem eignar hverri r\u00fan<\/span> fasta merkingu. \u00c1 \u00feessu tvennu \u00fearf a\u00f0 gera greinarmun.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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R\u00fanirnar sem ritm\u00e1l<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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R\u00fanirnar ur\u00f0u til \u00e1 fyrstu \u00f6ldum t\u00edmatals okkar. \u00de\u00e6r voru a\u00f0 \u00f6llum l\u00edkindum \u00fer\u00f3a\u00f0ar undir \u00e1hrifum ritkerfa Mi\u00f0jar\u00f0arhafssv\u00e6\u00f0isins og a\u00f0laga\u00f0ar germ\u00f6nskum tungum\u00e1lum.<\/p>

Elsta r\u00fanar\u00f6\u00f0in er k\u00f6llu\u00f0 eldra fu\u00feark<\/span>. Nafni\u00f0 er dregi\u00f0 af hlj\u00f3\u00f0gildum fyrstu r\u00fananna. \u00deessi r\u00fanar\u00f6\u00f0 samanstendur af tuttugu og fj\u00f3rum t\u00e1knum.<\/p>

Me\u00f0 t\u00edmanum breyttust r\u00fanirnar. \u00cd Skandinav\u00edu var\u00f0 til styttri r\u00fanar\u00f6\u00f0, yngra fu\u00feark<\/span>, sem var notu\u00f0 \u00e1 v\u00edkinga\u00f6ld. \u00c1 Englandi og \u00f6\u00f0rum sv\u00e6\u00f0um ur\u00f0u til eigin, \u00fatv\u00edkka\u00f0ar r\u00fanara\u00f0ir.<\/p>

R\u00fanirnar voru skornar og ristar \u00ed h\u00f6r\u00f0 efni. Hyrnt, bein form \u00feeirra h\u00e6fir \u00feessari t\u00e6kni vel. Bogadregnar l\u00ednur eru a\u00f0 mestu fjarverandi, \u00fev\u00ed beinar strikur eru au\u00f0veldari a\u00f0 skera \u00ed tr\u00e9 og stein.<\/p>

R\u00fanirnar voru nota\u00f0ar \u00ed \u00fdmsum tilgangi. \u00c1 hinum st\u00f3ru r\u00fanasteinum Skandinav\u00edu var hinna l\u00e1tnu minnst. \u00c1 hlutum var eigandi e\u00f0a smi\u00f0ur nefndur. Til voru stutt skilabo\u00f0 og einfaldar tilkynningar.<\/p>

R\u00fanirnar voru \u00feannig fyrst og fremst hversdagslegt ritm\u00e1l og minningarm\u00e1l. \u00deetta ritm\u00e1lshlutverk er hin sta\u00f0festa undirsta\u00f0a. \u00c1 henni byggist allt sem segja m\u00e1 um r\u00fanir sem verndart\u00e1kn.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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R\u00fanir sem verndart\u00e1kn<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Auk ritm\u00e1lshlutverksins eru til v\u00edsbendingar um a\u00f0 r\u00fanir hafi einnig veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0ar sem verndart\u00e1kn. \u00deessi notkun er s\u00f6nn og sta\u00f0fest me\u00f0 fundum.<\/p>

Til eru hlutir sem var\u00f0veita r\u00fana\u00e1letranir \u00fear sem innihaldi\u00f0 er verndandi e\u00f0a galdrakennt. Sl\u00edkar \u00e1letranir kalla \u00e1 verndun, sn\u00faast gegn \u00f3heill e\u00f0a innihalda form\u00falur sem tali\u00f0 var a\u00f0 hef\u00f0u kraft.<\/p>

Kunn er stutt r\u00fanar\u00f6\u00f0 sem kemur fram \u00e1 m\u00f6rgum fundargripum og hefur veri\u00f0 miki\u00f0 til umr\u00e6\u00f0u \u00ed fr\u00e6\u00f0unum. H\u00fan er tengd svi\u00f0i verndar og varnar, jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt n\u00e1kv\u00e6m merking hennar s\u00e9 umdeild.<\/p>

Einnig eru sta\u00f0festar r\u00fana\u00e1letranir \u00e1 am\u00falettum. Litlir hengiskartgripir og m\u00e1lmpl\u00f6tur me\u00f0 r\u00fanum voru bornir, og innihald \u00feeirra bendir til verndandi \u00e1setnings.<\/p>

\u00deessar ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur s\u00fdna a\u00f0 r\u00fanirnar voru ekki einungis hlutlaust ritm\u00e1l. \u00cd hugarheimi germanska heimsins gat hinu skrifa\u00f0a or\u00f0i veri\u00f0 eigna\u00f0ur kraftur. \u00c1letrun<\/span> gat veri\u00f0 meira en einf\u00f6ld tilkynning.<\/p>

\u00dea\u00f0 er \u00feannig sta\u00f0fest a\u00f0 r\u00fanir voru nota\u00f0ar sem verndart\u00e1kn. \u00deessi notkun byggist \u00e1 almennri tr\u00fa \u00e1 virkni hins skrifa\u00f0a or\u00f0s, tr\u00fa sem einnig \u00feekkist \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum menningarheimum.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Algiz-r\u00fanin<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00cd n\u00fat\u00edmamynd gildir \u00e1kve\u00f0in r\u00fan<\/span> sem verndarr\u00fanin sj\u00e1lf. \u00dea\u00f0 er r\u00fanin<\/span> sem \u00ed fr\u00e6\u00f0unum er k\u00f6llu\u00f0 Algiz e\u00f0a Elhaz. H\u00fan hefur form uppr\u00e9ttra, \u00fatglenntra t\u00e1kns.<\/p>

\u00cd n\u00fat\u00edmalegri framsetningu er Algiz-r\u00faninni<\/span> n\u00e6r alltaf eignu\u00f0 merkingin vernd. H\u00fan kemur fram sem r\u00fan<\/span> varnar, skjaldar og var\u00f0veislu.<\/p>

H\u00e9r er \u00fe\u00f3 \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a til varf\u00e6rni. Fornu r\u00fanalj\u00f3\u00f0in, sem var\u00f0veita minnisv\u00edsur fyrir nokkrar r\u00fanir, eigna \u00feessari r\u00fan<\/span> ekki umsvifalaust merkinguna vernd. Var\u00f0veittu v\u00edsurnar fjalla um \u00f6nnur efni.<\/p>

Hin fasta eigning Algiz-r\u00fanarinnar<\/span> til verndar er \u00feannig a\u00f0 st\u00f3rum hluta n\u00fat\u00edmaleg t\u00falkun. H\u00fan hefur fyrst fest sig \u00ed sessi \u00ed n\u00fdlegri umfj\u00f6llun um r\u00fanirnar.<\/p>

\u00deetta \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir ekki a\u00f0 eigningin s\u00e9 tilgangslaus. Uppr\u00e9tta, \u00fatglennta form r\u00fanarinnar<\/span> m\u00e1 vel lesa sem varnart\u00e1kn. En um er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a s\u00ed\u00f0ari t\u00falkun, ekki sta\u00f0festa forna merkingu.<\/p>

Algiz-r\u00fanin<\/span> er \u00feannig gott d\u00e6mi um muninn \u00e1 sta\u00f0reynd og t\u00falkun. A\u00f0 h\u00fan gildi \u00ed dag sem verndarr\u00fan er n\u00fat\u00edmaleg \u00e1lyktun sem eldri heimildir sty\u00f0ja ekki me\u00f0 \u00f3tv\u00edr\u00e6\u00f0um h\u00e6tti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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R\u00fanaverndargripir<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Til verndarr\u00fana teljast r\u00fanaverndargripir. \u00deetta eru bornir hlutir sem bera r\u00fanir og tali\u00f0 var a\u00f0 hef\u00f0u verndandi verkun.<\/p>

Sl\u00edkir gripir eru sta\u00f0festir me\u00f0 fundum. Til eru litlir hengipeningar, pl\u00f6tur og hlutir \u00far beini e\u00f0a vi\u00f0i sem r\u00fanir hafa veri\u00f0 skornar \u00ed. Hluti \u00feessara r\u00fana\u00e1letrana er verndar- e\u00f0a sei\u00f0e\u00f0lis.<\/p>

R\u00fanaverndargripirnir voru bornir \u00e1 l\u00edkamanum. \u00dear me\u00f0 fylgdu \u00feeir s\u00f6mu grunnhugsun og skriftartalismanar annarra menningarheima, svo sem \u00edslamska ta\u02bfw\u012bz e\u00f0a gy\u00f0inglegir verndargripir me\u00f0 t\u00e1knum.<\/p>

Einnig gullnu brakteatarnir fr\u00e1 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0flutningat\u00edmanum, sem bornir voru sem hengi, bera oft r\u00fana\u00e1letranir. \u00c1 s\u00ed\u00f0unni um brakteata<\/a> er \u00feessi tengsl gullhengis og r\u00fana\u00e1letrunar s\u00fdnd n\u00e1nar.<\/p>

R\u00fanaverndargripirnir s\u00fdna a\u00f0 skrifa\u00f0 r\u00fanaor\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tti \u00ed germ\u00f6nskum heimi verkandi. Or\u00f0 sem skori\u00f0 var \u00e1 borinn hlut \u00e1tti a\u00f0 fylgja bera \u00feess og var\u00f0veita hann.<\/p>

\u00dear me\u00f0 teljast r\u00fanaverndargripirnir til vel sta\u00f0festra verndargripa germ\u00f6nsku heimsins. \u00deeir eru ekki afur\u00f0 n\u00fat\u00edmalegrar t\u00falkunar, heldur sta\u00f0festir me\u00f0 fundum.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Sta\u00f0reynd og n\u00fat\u00edmaleg t\u00falkun<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Vi\u00f0 verndarr\u00fanir er a\u00f0greining sta\u00f0reyndar og t\u00falkunar s\u00e9rstaklega mikilv\u00e6g. \u00deessi tv\u00f6 svi\u00f0 eru oft bl\u00f6ndu\u00f0 saman \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmamynd, en \u00feau ber a\u00f0 skilja sk\u00fdrt a\u00f0.<\/p>

Sta\u00f0festa ni\u00f0ursta\u00f0an felur \u00ed s\u00e9r tvennt. \u00cd fyrsta lagi voru r\u00fanirnar ritt\u00e1kn. \u00cd \u00f6\u00f0ru lagi eru til raunveruleg d\u00e6mi um a\u00f0 r\u00fanir og r\u00fana\u00e1letranir hafi einnig veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0ar til verndar, me\u00f0al annars \u00e1 verndargripum.<\/p>

Fr\u00e1 \u00feessu er a\u00f0 greina n\u00fat\u00edmalegt kerfi sem eignar hverri einstakri r\u00fan<\/span> fasta merkingu. \u00cd \u00feessu kerfi hefur hver r\u00fan<\/span> nafn, merkingu og oft eignun til l\u00edfssvi\u00f0a.<\/p>

\u00deetta kerfi er a\u00f0 st\u00f3rum hluta sk\u00f6pun 19. og 20. aldar. \u00dea\u00f0 byggir \u00e1 fornum r\u00fanaheitum og \u00e1 r\u00fanalj\u00f3\u00f0unum, en gengur \u00ed heildst\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00ednu langt lengra en fornu heimildirnar leyfa.<\/p>

\u00deetta \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir ekki a\u00f0 \u00feetta n\u00fat\u00edmalega kerfi s\u00e9 einskis vir\u00f0i. \u00dea\u00f0 hefur merkingu fyrir marga og heyrir til n\u00fat\u00ed\u00f0 r\u00fananna. \u00dea\u00f0 \u00e6tti \u00fe\u00f3 ekki a\u00f0 vera sett fram sem sta\u00f0fest forn \u00feekking.<\/p>

Sanngj\u00f6rn framsetning verndarr\u00fana heldur \u00fev\u00ed \u00feessum tveimur svi\u00f0um a\u00f0greindum. H\u00fan tilgreinir raunverulega sta\u00f0reynd, og h\u00fan merkir n\u00fat\u00edmalega t\u00falkun sem \u00fea\u00f0 sem h\u00fan er, n\u00fdaldar \u00fatf\u00e6rslu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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R\u00fanir og hi\u00f0 verkandi or\u00f0<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Notkun r\u00fana sem verndart\u00e1kna byggist \u00e1 almennri hugsun, hugsuninni um hi\u00f0 verkandi or\u00f0. \u00deessi hugsun er ekki bundin vi\u00f0 germanska heiminn.<\/p>

\u00cd m\u00f6rgum menningarheimum \u00fe\u00f3tti skrifa\u00f0 e\u00f0a tala\u00f0 or\u00f0 verkandi. Nafn, form\u00fala e\u00f0a \u00feula g\u00e1tu samkv\u00e6mt \u00feessari hugmynd veri\u00f0 meira en a\u00f0eins skilabo\u00f0. \u00deau g\u00e1tu haft \u00e1hrif.<\/p>

\u00dar \u00feessari hugsun uxu skriftartalismanar margra menningarheima. \u00cdslamskur ta\u02bfw\u012bz ber K\u00f3ranvers, k\u00f3reanskur bujeok ber t\u00e1kn, kabbal\u00edskir verndargripir bera gu\u00f0an\u00f6fn. R\u00fanaverndargripurinn heyrir til \u00feessari heimsfj\u00f6lskyldu.<\/p>

R\u00fanirnar voru vel til \u00feessarar notkunar fallnar. \u00de\u00e6r voru ritt\u00e1kn germanska heimsins, og horn\u00f3tt form \u00feeirra m\u00e1tti au\u00f0veldlega skera \u00ed varanleg efni. R\u00fanaor\u00f0 m\u00e1tti \u00feannig festa varanlega vi\u00f0 hlut.<\/p>

Verndin me\u00f0 r\u00fanum er \u00feannig s\u00e9rst\u00f6k birtingarmynd \u00fatbreidds grunnmynsturs. S\u00e9rst\u00e6\u00f0an felst \u00ed ritkerfinu, \u00ed r\u00fanunum sj\u00e1lfum, ekki \u00ed grunnhugsuninni um hi\u00f0 verkandi or\u00f0.<\/p>

Verndarr\u00fanirnar ra\u00f0ast \u00feannig \u00ed hinn st\u00f3ra flokk skriftartalismana. \u00de\u00e6r s\u00fdna a\u00f0 germanski heimurinn kunni einnig skrifa\u00f0 or\u00f0 sem verndarme\u00f0al og nota\u00f0i \u00fea\u00f0.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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R\u00fanir og misnotkun \u00feeirra<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u00deegar r\u00fanir eru til umfj\u00f6llunar er r\u00e9tt a\u00f0 nefna anna\u00f0 atri\u00f0i. \u00c1 s\u00ed\u00f0ari t\u00edmum hafa r\u00fanir oft veri\u00f0 yfirtekar og misnota\u00f0ar \u00ed tilgangi sem \u00e1 s\u00e9r enga r\u00f3t \u00ed upprunalegri merkingu \u00feeirra.<\/p>

\u00c1 19. og 20. \u00f6ld voru r\u00fanir teknar upp af \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernishreyfingum og s\u00ed\u00f0ar af \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0erniss\u00f3s\u00edal\u00edskum stefnum. Einstakar r\u00fanir ur\u00f0u a\u00f0 merkjum \u00feessara hreyfinga og bera \u00fev\u00ed \u00feennan s\u00f6gulega blett.<\/p>

\u00deessi yfirtaka er s\u00ed\u00f0b\u00fain \u00fer\u00f3un sem \u00e1 s\u00e9r engan grunn \u00ed upprunalegu efninu. H\u00fan tengist \u00e1 engan h\u00e1tt hinni germ\u00f6nsku r\u00fanaritun e\u00f0a \u00feeim raunverulegu verndarr\u00fanaristum sem var\u00f0veist hafa. H\u00fan er misnotkun \u00e1 t\u00e1knunum.<\/p>

\u00cd hlutl\u00e6gri umfj\u00f6llun um r\u00fanir er nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 nefna \u00feetta atri\u00f0i. R\u00fanirnar eru fornt ritm\u00e1l me\u00f0 langa og vir\u00f0ulega s\u00f6gu. Misnotkun tiltekinna hreyfinga \u00e1 \u00feeim er ekki hluti af \u00feeirri s\u00f6gu, heldur s\u00ed\u00f0ari r\u00f6skun \u00e1 henni.<\/p>

\u00deeir sem kynna s\u00e9r r\u00fanir \u00e6ttu a\u00f0 vera me\u00f0vita\u00f0ir um \u00feessa spennu. Einstakar r\u00fanir bera mis\u00feungan s\u00f6gulegan \u00feunga, og g\u00e6tin n\u00e1lgun \u00feekkir \u00feessa s\u00f6gu.<\/p>

E\u00f0li r\u00fananna sj\u00e1lfra breytist ekki af \u00feessu. \u00de\u00e6r eru ritm\u00e1l germ\u00f6nsku \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0anna og vitnisbur\u00f0ur um menningu \u00feeirra. Sem sl\u00edkar, og sem raunveruleg verndart\u00e1kn s\u00edns t\u00edma, eru \u00fe\u00e6r kynntar h\u00e9r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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M\u00f3tt\u00f6kur \u00ed dag<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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R\u00fanir eru \u00ed dag v\u00ed\u00f0a \u00feekktar og nota\u00f0ar \u00e1 \u00fdmsan h\u00e1tt. \u00de\u00e6r koma fyrir sem skartgripir, h\u00fa\u00f0fl\u00far og myndefni<\/span> \u00ed h\u00f6nnun. S\u00e9rstaklega eru einstakar r\u00fanir, me\u00f0al \u00feeirra Algiz-r\u00fanin<\/span>, bornar sem verndart\u00e1kn.<\/p>

\u00cd n\u00fat\u00edma hei\u00f0num hreyfingum sem v\u00edsa til germ\u00f6nsku tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0anna hafa r\u00fanirnar fastan sess. \u00dear eru \u00fe\u00e6r nota\u00f0ar sem ritm\u00e1l, sem t\u00e1kn og sem t\u00falkunart\u00e6ki.<\/p>

\u00datbreitt er einnig n\u00fat\u00edmalegt kerfi sem eignar hverri r\u00fan<\/span> fasta merkingu og notar \u00fe\u00e6r til a\u00f0 leggja og t\u00falka. \u00deetta kerfi er, eins og fram hefur komi\u00f0, n\u00fdleg \u00fatf\u00e6rsla.<\/p>

\u00cd allri \u00feessari notkun er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga \u00feann greinarmun sem \u00feessi s\u00ed\u00f0a leggur \u00e1herslu \u00e1. R\u00fanirnar voru raunverulegt ritm\u00e1l og voru raunverulega nota\u00f0ar sem verndart\u00e1kn. N\u00fat\u00edma merkingarkerfi\u00f0 er anna\u00f0 m\u00e1l og ber a\u00f0 skilja fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed.<\/p>

Jafn mikilv\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 vita af yfirt\u00f6ku r\u00fananna af hreyfingum sem bera s\u00f6gulegan blett. G\u00e6tin umgengni vi\u00f0 r\u00fanir \u00feekkir \u00feessa s\u00f6gu og nefnir hana.<\/p>

R\u00fanirnar eru \u00feannig margslungi\u00f0 efni. \u00de\u00e6r eru vir\u00f0ulegt fornt ritm\u00e1l, \u00fe\u00e6r voru raunveruleg verndart\u00e1kn s\u00edns t\u00edma, og \u00fe\u00e6r eru samt\u00edmis d\u00e6mi um hversu vandlega \u00fearf a\u00f0 greina milli sta\u00f0reynda, t\u00falkunar og misnotkunar \u00feegar fornar merkingar eru til umfj\u00f6llunar.<\/p>

\u00deegar tala\u00f0 er um verndarr\u00fan \u00ed dag er n\u00e6r undantekningarlaust \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 eitt tilteki\u00f0 r\u00fanat\u00e1kn sem bori\u00f0 er sem hengi e\u00f0a h\u00fa\u00f0fl\u00far. \u00cd flestum tilvikum er \u00e1tt vi\u00f0 Algiz-r\u00fanina<\/span>, sem hefur \u00ed n\u00fat\u00edmaskilningi or\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 hinni eiginlegu verndarr\u00fan.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Heimildir (\u00farval)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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