{"id":169038,"date":"2026-09-05T14:05:03","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:05:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=169038"},"modified":"2026-09-05T14:30:43","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:30:43","slug":"krishna-attunda-avatar-vishnu","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/is\/krishna-attunda-avatar-vishnu\/","title":{"rendered":"Krishna \u2013 \u00e1ttunda avatar Vishnu"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Krishna\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Krishna \u2013 avatar Vishnu og kennari Bhagavadgita<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Gu\u00f0<\/span>Hind\u00faismi<\/a>Avatar<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Krishna er \u00ed hind\u00faisma talinn \u00e1ttundi avatar Vishnu og er einnig talinn sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0 \u00e6\u00f0sta gu\u00f0lega vera<\/span>. Sem kennari Bhagavadgita og hetja Mahabharata m\u00f3tar hann bhakti-tr\u00far\u00e6kni<\/span> allt til \u00feessa dags. Pers\u00f3na hans sameinar heimsfr\u00e6\u00f0ilega gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/span> og a\u00f0gengilega, pers\u00f3nulega tilbei\u00f0slu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Yfirlit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Krishna er ein af mikilv\u00e6gustu verum hind\u00faasi\u00f0ar<\/a>. \u00cd hinni klass\u00edsku kenningu um t\u00edu meginholdgervinga Vishnu, hina svok\u00f6llu\u00f0u Dashavatara, er hann talinn \u00e1ttundi avatarinn.<\/p>

Um lei\u00f0 er sta\u00f0a hans mun v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6kari en \u00feessi flokkun gefur til kynna: \u00cd mikilv\u00e6gum gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum stefnum, einkum innan Krishna-Bhakti og Gaudiya-hef\u00f0arinnar, er hann ekki talinn einungis hlutholdgervingur, heldur Svayam Bhagavan<\/em>, hin \u00e6\u00f0sta go\u00f0vera<\/span> sj\u00e1lf, sem hinir avatararnir eiga uppruna sinn \u00ed.<\/p>

\u00deessi tv\u00f6falda sta\u00f0a gerir Krishna s\u00e9rstaklega \u00e1hugaver\u00f0an fr\u00e1 tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu sj\u00f3narmi\u00f0i. Hann er b\u00e6\u00f0i r\u00f3tfastur \u00ed hinum umfangsmiklu fr\u00e1sagnarverkum epossins og vi\u00f0fangsefni kerfisbundinnar gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/span>. Heimildirnar spanna allt fr\u00e1 Mahabharata<\/em> yfir Bhagavadgita<\/em> til Purana-textanna, einkum Bhagavata Purana<\/em>, sem fjallar \u00edtarlega um barn\u00e6sku hans og \u00e6sku\u00e1r.<\/p>

Fyrir tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0as\u00f6guna er Krishna lykill a\u00f0 skilningi \u00e1 Bhakti-hreyfingunni, \u00feeirri gu\u00f0r\u00e6knisform sem leggur \u00e1herslu \u00e1 pers\u00f3nulega, tilfinninga\u00ferungna hollustu vi\u00f0 go\u00f0veru<\/span>. Um margar aldir hefur d\u00fdrkun Krishna m\u00f3ta\u00f0 sv\u00e6\u00f0ism\u00e1l, sk\u00e1ldskap, t\u00f3nlist og dans \u00e1 Indlandi me\u00f0 dj\u00fapst\u00e6\u00f0um h\u00e6tti.<\/p>

Sagnfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegar ranns\u00f3knir benda til a\u00f0 \u00ed pers\u00f3nu Krishna hafi runni\u00f0 saman nokkrar eldri sagnahef\u00f0ir. Yfirleitt er greint \u00e1 milli hetjulegs Krishna-Vasudeva, sem tengist h\u00e9ra\u00f0inu \u00ed kringum Mathura og \u00e6tt Vrishni-manna, gu\u00f0legs k\u00faahir\u00f0is \u00far hir\u00f0ingjahef\u00f0um Vrindavan, og bernsks Krishna eins og hann birtist \u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0ari Purana-b\u00f3kmenntum.<\/p>

\u00c1letranir fr\u00e1 t\u00edmanum fyrir Krist, svo sem s\u00falan vi\u00f0 Heliodoros n\u00e1l\u00e6gt Besnagar, sta\u00f0festa Vasudeva-d\u00fdrkun<\/span> allt aftur til annarrar aldar fyrir Krist. Samruni \u00feessara \u00f3l\u00edku sagna\u00fer\u00e1\u00f0a \u00ed eina samfellda pers\u00f3nu t\u00f3k margar aldir og var a\u00f0 mestu loki\u00f0 me\u00f0 Bhagavata Purana<\/em>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Nafn og or\u00f0sifjar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Nafni\u00f0 Krishna<\/em> \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir or\u00f0r\u00e9tt \u00e1 sanskr\u00edt hinn d\u00f6kki, hinn svarti e\u00f0a hinn d\u00f6kkbl\u00e1i. \u00dea\u00f0 v\u00edsar til \u00feeirrar h\u00fa\u00f0litar sem pers\u00f3nan er s\u00fdnd me\u00f0 \u00ed texta og myndlist.<\/p>

\u00deessi litur er \u00ed hef\u00f0inni t\u00falka\u00f0ur \u00e1 \u00fdmsa vegu, me\u00f0al annars sem v\u00edsun til hins \u00f3m\u00e6lanlega og \u00f3skiljanlega e\u00f0a sem tilv\u00edsun til d\u00f6kkbl\u00e1s hins v\u00ed\u00f0a himins og hafsins.<\/p>

Krishna ber fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rg vi\u00f0urnefni sem hvert dregur fram \u00e1kve\u00f0na \u00fe\u00e6tti \u00ed verkum hans. Govinda<\/em> og Gopala<\/em> v\u00edsa til hlutverks hans sem k\u00faasmala. Vasudeva<\/em> au\u00f0kennir hann sem son Vasudeva.<\/p>

Madhava<\/em> og Kesava<\/em> eru \u00f6nnur algeng \u00e1varpsheiti sem a\u00f0 hluta v\u00edsa til yfirstiginna andst\u00e6\u00f0inga og a\u00f0 hluta til tengsla hans vi\u00f0 Vishnu. Murari<\/em> nefnir hann sigurvegara dj\u00f6fulsins Mura, Damodara<\/em> minnir \u00e1 atviki\u00f0 \u00fear sem f\u00f3sturm\u00f3\u00f0irin Yashoda bindur barni\u00f0 me\u00f0 streng vi\u00f0 mort\u00e9l.<\/p>

Fj\u00f6lbreytni nafnanna er ekki tilviljun heldur birting \u00feeirrar gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu hugmyndar a\u00f0 hver heiti opni mismunandi tengslasvi\u00f0 milli d\u00fdrkandans og gu\u00f0legu verunnar<\/span>. \u00cd bhakti-i\u00f0kun hefur endurtekin frams\u00f6gn hinna gu\u00f0legu nafna, Nama-Japa<\/em>, mi\u00f0l\u00e6ga \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu.<\/p>

S\u00f6fn eins og Vishnu-Sahasranama<\/em>, sem telja upp \u00fe\u00fasund n\u00f6fn, \u00fej\u00f3na huglei\u00f0slulegri upplestrar\u00feulu. \u00cd gaud\u00edja-hef\u00f0inni er nafni\u00f0 sj\u00e1lft tali\u00f0 \u00f3a\u00f0skili\u00f0 fr\u00e1 gu\u00f0legu verunni<\/span>, \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00e1kall<\/span> hans er skili\u00f0 sem beina n\u00e6rveru Krishna.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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L\u00fdsing og myndm\u00e1l<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00cd myndhef\u00f0inni er Krishna oftast s\u00fdndur sem ungur, t\u00edgulegur ma\u00f0ur me\u00f0 d\u00f6kkbl\u00e1 h\u00fa\u00f0. Einkennandi eru \u00feverflautan \u00ed h\u00f6ndum hans, p\u00e1fuglsfj\u00f6\u00f0ur \u00ed h\u00e1rinu og gulur kl\u00e6\u00f0na\u00f0ur. Oft stendur hann \u00ed l\u00edtillega bogadregnu stellingu, hinni svok\u00f6llu\u00f0u tribhanga, \u00ferefaldri beygju h\u00f6fu\u00f0s, b\u00faks og f\u00f3ta, sem gefur \u00e1s\u00fdnd hans l\u00edfskraft og hreyfingu.<\/p>

Framsetningin breytist eftir \u00e6viskei\u00f0i og fr\u00e1sagnarsamhengi. Sem barn er hann s\u00fdndur skr\u00ed\u00f0andi me\u00f0 smj\u00f6rklump \u00ed hendi, sem ungur hjar\u00f0sveinn umkringdur k\u00faahjar\u00f0arkonunum, gopunum, sem full\u00feroska\u00f0ur fursti \u00ed konunglegu skarti e\u00f0a sem vagnstj\u00f3ri Arjuna \u00e1 v\u00edgvellinum. \u00cd s\u00ed\u00f0astnefndu senunni kemur hlutverk hans sem kennari Bhagavadg\u00edtunnar fram.<\/p>

Mikilv\u00e6gar fylgif\u00edg\u00farur eru f\u00f6runautur hans Radha, sem \u00ed s\u00ed\u00f0ari gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/span> ver\u00f0ur t\u00e1knmynd \u00e6\u00f0stu tilbei\u00f0slu, og eldri br\u00f3\u00f0ir hans Balarama. Eiginleikar eins og kringlan Sudarshana og skeljal\u00fa\u00f0urinn tengja Krishna myndlega vi\u00f0 Vishnu<\/a> og undirstrika sameiningu \u00feeirra tveggja.<\/p>

Sv\u00e6\u00f0isbundnar myndhef\u00f0ir hafa mynda\u00f0 s\u00ednar eigin \u00e1herslur. \u00cd nor\u00f0ur-indverskri sm\u00e1myndalist sk\u00f3lanna \u00ed Kangra, Mewar og Basohli birtist Krishna a\u00f0allega sem \u00e1stma\u00f0ur \u00ed hringdansi me\u00f0 gopunum, felldur inn \u00ed st\u00edlf\u00e6rt landslag.<\/p>

\u00cd su\u00f0ur-indverskri bronslist er dansandi Krishna e\u00f0a Krishna sem barn, teygjandi sig eftir smj\u00f6rinu, algengastur. \u00cd hofum Pushtimarga-hef\u00f0arinnar er hann tilbe\u00f0inn sem Shri Nathji \u00ed s\u00e9rstakri myndger\u00f0 \u00fear sem hann lyftir Govardhana-fjallinu. \u00deessi myndhef\u00f0arfj\u00f6lbreytni s\u00fdnir hversu n\u00e1tengd mynd og gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ileg t\u00falkun eru \u00ed tilbei\u00f0slu Krishna.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Go\u00f0sagnakenndar fr\u00e1sagnir<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Sagnirnir um Krishna spanna v\u00edtt svi\u00f0 atbur\u00f0a sem m\u00e1 gr\u00f3flega skipta \u00ed barn\u00e6sku, \u00e6sku og s\u00ed\u00f0ara starf hans sem fursta og r\u00e1\u00f0gjafa.<\/p>

Samkv\u00e6mt hef\u00f0inni f\u00e6\u00f0ist Krishna til a\u00f0 r\u00e1\u00f0a ni\u00f0url\u00f6gum har\u00f0stj\u00f3rans Kamsa, sem sp\u00e1\u00f0 haf\u00f0i veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 myndi l\u00e1ta l\u00edfi\u00f0 fyrir barni systur sinnar. Til a\u00f0 vernda hi\u00f0 n\u00fdf\u00e6dda barn er \u00fea\u00f0 flutt \u00e1 f\u00e6\u00f0ingarn\u00f3ttinni til f\u00f3sturforeldra \u00ed hjar\u00f0ar\u00feorpinu Gokula.<\/p>

Fr\u00e1 barn\u00e6sku eru var\u00f0veittar fj\u00f6lmargar kraftaverkas\u00f6gur. Krishna sigrar h\u00f6ggorminn Kaliya, sem haf\u00f0i eitra\u00f0 vatn Yamuna-flj\u00f3tsins, me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 dansa \u00e1 h\u00f6f\u00f0um hans.<\/p>

Hann lyftir fjallinu Govardhana eins og skj\u00f3l til a\u00f0 verja hjar\u00f0arsamf\u00e9lagi\u00f0 gegn ofvi\u00f0ri sem Indra sendi, og kennir \u00feeim \u00feannig a\u00f0 tilbi\u00f0ja n\u00e1tt\u00faruna \u00ed n\u00e1nd sinni fremur en fjarl\u00e6gan himnagu\u00f0.<\/p>

Sem barn drepur hann fj\u00f6lda dj\u00f6fla sem Kamsa sendir, me\u00f0al annars f\u00f3struna Putana og hvirfilbylsdj\u00f6fulinn Trinavarta. Fr\u00e6g sena s\u00fdnir hvernig f\u00f3stra hans Yashoda s\u00e9r allan heiminn \u00ed munni barnsins.<\/p>

\u00c6skus\u00f6gurnar \u00e1 sv\u00e6\u00f0inu vi\u00f0 Vrindavan l\u00fdsa leikjum hans me\u00f0 gopunum. N\u00e6turhringdansinn, Rasa-Lila, \u00fear sem Krishna fj\u00f6lfaldar sig svo a\u00f0 hver gopa tr\u00fair a\u00f0 hann s\u00e9 vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0 hennar, er \u00ed bhakti-gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/span> t\u00falka\u00f0ur sem t\u00e1knmynd<\/span> sameiningar s\u00e1lar og gu\u00f0d\u00f3ms<\/span>.<\/p>

\u00c1stin milli Krishna og Radha, sem birtist einkum \u00ed kv\u00e6\u00f0inu Gitagovinda<\/em> eftir Jayadeva, telst \u00e6\u00f0sta tj\u00e1ning hollustusambands. A\u00f0 lokum yfirgefur Krishna Vrindavan til a\u00f0 flytja til Mathura og drepa Kamsa.<\/p>

\u00cd Mahabharata<\/em> kemur Krishna fram sem bandama\u00f0ur hinna fimm Pandava-br\u00e6\u00f0ra. \u00deekktasta framkoma hans er fr\u00e6\u00f0sla hans til Arjuna fyrir hina miklu orrustu vi\u00f0 Kurukshetra. Arjuna hikar vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 berjast gegn \u00e6ttingjum og l\u00e6rimeisturum.<\/p>

\u00cd Bhagavadg\u00edtunni<\/em>, kafla \u00far \u00feessu ep\u00edska verki, \u00fatlistar Krishna fyrir honum skyldur\u00e6kni, lei\u00f0ir athafna, \u00feekkingar og hollustu, auk \u00f3forgengileika s\u00e1larins.<\/p>

\u00cd ellefta erindinu s\u00fdnir hann Arjuna alheimsform sitt, Vishvarupa<\/em>, \u00fear sem allur heimurinn ver\u00f0ur til og hverfur samt\u00edmis. \u00deessi texti er me\u00f0al \u00feeirra tr\u00faarrita Indlands sem mest hefur veri\u00f0 fjalla\u00f0 um.<\/p>

S\u00ed\u00f0ara l\u00edf Krishna einkennist af byggingu borgarins Dvaraka, konungsstj\u00f3rn og a\u00f0 lokum falli \u00e6ttar hans. Eftir orrustuna sundrast Yadava-f\u00f3lki\u00f0 \u00ed innbyr\u00f0is \u00e1t\u00f6kum.<\/p>

Dau\u00f0i hans, af v\u00f6ldum \u00f6rvar sem hittir hann fyrir tilviljun \u00e1 eina vi\u00f0kv\u00e6ma blettinum, h\u00e6lnum, markar endalok jar\u00f0neskrar veru hans og hefur, samkv\u00e6mt hef\u00f0bundinni t\u00edmatalningu, upphaf n\u00faverandi heimsaldurs, Kali-Yuga.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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D\u00fdrkun og tilbei\u00f0sla<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Tilbei\u00f0sla \u00e1 Krishna er mj\u00f6g breytileg eftir sv\u00e6\u00f0um og hefur \u00ed gegnum t\u00ed\u00f0ina leitt af s\u00e9r margar mismunandi sk\u00f3lahef\u00f0ir. \u00cd Nor\u00f0ur-Indlandi eru p\u00edlagr\u00edmasta\u00f0irnir Vrindavan og Mathura mi\u00f0l\u00e6gir vi\u00f0mi\u00f0unarpunktar, enda tengjast \u00feeir bernsku og \u00e6sku hans.<\/p>

\u00cd Vestur-Indlandi er hofborgin Dvaraka mikilv\u00e6g, \u00e1 Su\u00f0urlandi er me\u00f0al annars hofi\u00f0<\/span> \u00ed Udupi tali\u00f0 mikilv\u00e6g mi\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0, og \u00ed Austurlandi Jagannath-hofi\u00f0<\/span> \u00ed Puri, \u00fear sem Krishna er tilbe\u00f0inn \u00ed s\u00e9rst\u00f6ku myndformi. \u00cd Maharashtra er hofi\u00f0<\/span> \u00ed Pandharpur, me\u00f0 go\u00f0myndinni Vithoba, formi Krishna, mikilv\u00e6gur p\u00edlagr\u00edmasta\u00f0ur Varkari-hreyfingarinnar.<\/p>

Gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilega eru nokkrar Bhakti-hef\u00f0ir grundvallandi. Gaudiya-Vaishnava-sk\u00f3linn, sem Chaitanya m\u00f3ta\u00f0i \u00e1 sext\u00e1ndu \u00f6ld, leggur \u00e1herslu \u00e1 elskandi hollustu og sams\u00f6ng hinna gu\u00f0legu nafna, Sankirtana. Pushtimarga-hef\u00f0in, sem rekur uppruna sinn til Vallabha, setur \u00fej\u00f3nustu vi\u00f0 Krishna-barni\u00f0 \u00ed \u00f6ndvegi.<\/p>

Sk\u00f3li Nimbarka \u00fatlistar samband Radha og Krishna me\u00f0 heimspekilegum h\u00e6tti. Vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0 \u00feessara standa eldri strauma sem t\u00falka Krishna innan almennrar Vishnu-tilbei\u00f0slu. Gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilega spurningin um hvort Krishna s\u00e9 Avatara Vishnu e\u00f0a sj\u00e1lfur hin \u00e6\u00f0sta gu\u00f0<\/span> skiptir \u00feessum sk\u00f3lum enn \u00feann dag \u00ed dag.<\/p>

H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0ir \u00e1rsins m\u00f3ta hina opinberu tr\u00far\u00e6kni<\/span>. Janmashtami fagnar f\u00e6\u00f0ingu Krishna me\u00f0 n\u00e6turb\u00e6nahaldi, f\u00f6stubroti og \u00e1 nokkrum sv\u00e6\u00f0um \u00feeim si\u00f0<\/span> a\u00f0 n\u00e1 \u00ed h\u00e1tt uppsettan pott me\u00f0 smj\u00f6ri.<\/p>

Holi, vor- og litah\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0in, er n\u00e1tengd \u00e1starleikjum Krishna og Gopi-mjaltakvennanna. \u00cd Vrindavan og Mathura er Ras-Lila flutt sem tr\u00faarlegt leikh\u00fas \u00fear sem ungir leikarar t\u00falka atbur\u00f0i \u00far l\u00edfi Krishna.<\/p>

Tilbei\u00f0sla \u00e1 Krishna hefur ali\u00f0 af s\u00e9r r\u00edka listr\u00e6nn menningu. \u00dear \u00e1 me\u00f0al er tr\u00faarleg lj\u00f3\u00f0list \u00e1 sv\u00e6\u00f0ism\u00e1lum, t.d. s\u00f6ngvar Surdas \u00e1 hind\u00ed-sv\u00e6\u00f0inu e\u00f0a Mirabai \u00ed Rajasthan, auk sm\u00e1myndam\u00e1lverka, hofleikh\u00fass og klass\u00edskra dansforma eins og Kathak, \u00fear sem atbur\u00f0ir \u00far l\u00edfi Krishna eru s\u00fdndir.<\/p>

\u00deessi listr\u00e6nu tj\u00e1ningarform eru ekki einungis vi\u00f0b\u00f3t heldur sj\u00e1lf hluti af tr\u00faarlegri i\u00f0kun.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ileg t\u00falkun<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ileg t\u00falkun \u00e1 Krishna hreyfist \u00e1 milli tveggja p\u00f3la. \u00c1 einum stendur Avatara-l\u00e6rd\u00f3murinn, eins og hann er settur fram \u00ed Bhagavadgita<\/em>: Vishnu tekur \u00e1 sig jar\u00f0neska mynd hven\u00e6r sem hin r\u00e9tta skipan, Dharma<\/span><\/em>, hr\u00f6rnar og rangl\u00e6ti tekur yfirh\u00f6ndina.<\/p>

Krishna er \u00ed \u00feessum skilningi \u00e1ttunda ni\u00f0urkoma \u00ed r\u00f6\u00f0, en tilgangur \u00feeirra er a\u00f0 vernda hina tr\u00fau\u00f0u og endurreisa heimsskipulagi\u00f0. \u00c1 \u00f6\u00f0rum stendur l\u00e6rd\u00f3murinn um Svayam Bhagavan<\/em>, sem segir a\u00f0 Krishna s\u00e9 ekki hluti af sl\u00edkri r\u00f6\u00f0, heldur uppspretta hennar, sem Vishnu sj\u00e1lfur sprettur einnig upp \u00far.<\/p>

Me\u00f0 \u00feessari upphef\u00f0 tengist gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/span> Bhakti. H\u00fan greinir \u00e1 milli mismunandi grunnafst\u00f6\u00f0na sem tr\u00faa\u00f0ir geta teki\u00f0 gagnvart gu\u00f0inum<\/span>, t.d. sem \u00fej\u00f3nn, vinur, foreldri e\u00f0a elskandi.<\/p>

Gaudiya-hef\u00f0in metur elskandi hollustu Gopi-mjaltakvennanna sem hina \u00e6\u00f0stu \u00feessara afst\u00f6\u00f0na, \u00fev\u00ed h\u00fan leitar ekkert fyrir sig sj\u00e1lfa. Radha ver\u00f0ur \u00fear me\u00f0 \u00edmynd \u00feessarar fullkomnu hollustu og samt\u00edmis kvenlegrar hli\u00f0ar hins gu\u00f0lega.<\/p>

Fr\u00e1 tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu sj\u00f3narhorni er athyglisvert a\u00f0 Krishna-gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0in<\/span> gerir leikinn, Lila<\/em>, a\u00f0 mi\u00f0l\u00e6gu hugtaki. Verk gu\u00f0sins<\/span> er ekki skili\u00f0 sem tilgangsbundin ath\u00f6fn, heldur sem frj\u00e1ls, tilgangslaus leikur. Sk\u00f6punin sj\u00e1lf birtist \u00ed \u00feessari t\u00falkun einnig sem Lila.<\/p>

Si\u00f0fer\u00f0ileg spurningin um hvernig \u00e1starleikurinn me\u00f0 Gopi-mjaltakonunum samr\u00e6mist si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilegri skipan var \u00ed hef\u00f0inni svara\u00f0 me\u00f0 a\u00f0greiningu \u00e1 milli gu\u00f0legs leiks og mannlegs norms, en h\u00e9lst \u00e1fram vi\u00f0fangsefni st\u00f6\u00f0ugrar t\u00falkunar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum menningarheimum<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Samanbur\u00f0ar tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/span> hefur tengt \u00fdmis minni \u00ed Krishna-efninu vi\u00f0 sagnir annarra menningarheima. Minni\u00f0<\/span> um hi\u00f0 h\u00f3ta\u00f0a gu\u00f0lega barn, sem er flutt \u00ed \u00f6ruggt skj\u00f3l undan valdhafa sem sp\u00e1\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 falli s\u00ednu, kemur fram \u00ed fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rgum sagnaarfi, me\u00f0al annars \u00ed fr\u00e1s\u00f6gninni af \u00e6sku M\u00f3se e\u00f0a \u00ed fornum hetjus\u00f6gum.<\/p>

Sl\u00edk hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur sanna ekki bein tengsl, heldur v\u00edsa til endurtekinna fr\u00e1sagnarmynstra sem \u00ed fr\u00e6\u00f0unum eru k\u00f6llu\u00f0 go\u00f0sagnager\u00f0ir.<\/p>

Innan indverska tr\u00faarsv\u00e6\u00f0isins er Krishna n\u00e1tengdur Vishnu<\/a>, sem hann er talinn avatara af. Tengsl eru einnig vi\u00f0 a\u00f0ra hjar\u00f0argu\u00f0i og pers\u00f3nur sem sameina heimsskipan og pers\u00f3nulega umhyggju.<\/p>

Samanbur\u00f0urinn vi\u00f0 Shiva<\/a> gerir kleift a\u00f0 l\u00fdsa tveimur \u00f3l\u00edkum gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum \u00e1herslum innan hind\u00faisma, hinum meinl\u00e6tasama p\u00f3l Shiva og hinum heimsopna, leikandi p\u00f3l Krishna.<\/p>

Minni\u00f0<\/span> um hinn gu\u00f0lega hjar\u00f0svein, sem er \u00ed senn elskhugi og valdhafi, var \u00ed eldri fr\u00e6\u00f0um bori\u00f0 saman vi\u00f0 hjar\u00f0argu\u00f0i Mi\u00f0jar\u00f0arhafssv\u00e6\u00f0isins. Hin \u00e1str\u00edka \u00e1stard\u00fdpt Krishna-bhakti hefur einnig or\u00f0i\u00f0 fr\u00e6\u00f0im\u00f6nnum tilefni til samanbur\u00f0ar vi\u00f0 dulhyggjustrauma annarra tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0a. Sl\u00edkur samanbur\u00f0ur eykur skilning en ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a innri kenningarlega r\u00f6kv\u00edsi hvers tr\u00faarkerfis.<\/p>

Fyrri vestr\u00e6nar t\u00falkanir, sem flokku\u00f0u Krishna almennt sem \u00e1star- e\u00f0a n\u00e1tt\u00farugu\u00f0, eru n\u00fa taldar of einfaldar. N\u00fdrri ranns\u00f3knir leggja \u00feess \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00e1herslu \u00e1 hina s\u00f6gufl\u00f3knu margbreytni pers\u00f3nunnar, \u00fear sem eldri sta\u00f0bundnar hef\u00f0ir, ep\u00edsk hetjus\u00f6gn og skipul\u00f6g\u00f0 gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/span> hafa runni\u00f0 saman.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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N\u00fat\u00edmavi\u00f0t\u00f6kur og ranns\u00f3knir<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Krishna er einstaklega \u00e1berandi \u00ed indverskri menningu n\u00fat\u00edmans. S\u00f6gur hans birtast \u00ed kvikmyndum, sj\u00f3nvarpi, myndas\u00f6gum og stafr\u00e6num mi\u00f0lum. Sj\u00f3nvarps\u00fe\u00e1ttara\u00f0irnar um Mahabharata<\/em> og eigin Krishna-\u00fe\u00e1ttara\u00f0ir n\u00e1\u00f0u til millj\u00f3na \u00e1horfenda. Janmashtami er haldin sem opinber h\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00f6rgum h\u00e9ru\u00f0um. Bhagavadgita er lesin og sk\u00fdr\u00f0 langt \u00fat fyrir tr\u00faarlega hringi sem heimspekilegur texti.<\/p>

\u00cd gegnum si\u00f0b\u00f3tarhreyfingar n\u00edtj\u00e1ndu og tuttugustu aldar, auk al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0legra Krishna-bhakti-samtaka, hefur d\u00fdrkunin brei\u00f0st \u00fat utan Indlands. Al\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0asamt\u00f6kin fyrir Krishna-vitund (International Society for Krishna Consciousness), stofnu\u00f0 1966, b\u00e1ru Gaudiya-hef\u00f0ina til vestr\u00e6nna landa.<\/p>

\u00cd fr\u00e6\u00f0unum er r\u00e6tt hvernig hef\u00f0ir sem hafa borist \u00ed arf breytast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur hnattv\u00e6\u00f0ingar og f\u00f3lksflutninga og hvernig sl\u00edkar hreyfingar tengjast indverskum uppruna s\u00ednum.<\/p>

Fr\u00e6\u00f0ilegar ranns\u00f3knir kanna Krishna \u00fat fr\u00e1 textafr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu, textafornleifafr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu og f\u00e9lagss\u00f6gulegu sj\u00f3narhorni. \u00cd brennidepli eru myndun og lagskipting heimildanna, spurningin um s\u00f6guleg r\u00e6tur Vasudeva-d\u00fdrkunarins, \u00fer\u00f3un bhakti-gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/span> og hlutverk sta\u00f0bundinna d\u00fdrkana.<\/p>

Einnig er sko\u00f0a\u00f0 hvernig d\u00fdrkun Krishna f\u00f3r yfir f\u00e9lagsleg m\u00e6rir, \u00fear sem bhakti-kve\u00f0skapur snerist oft v\u00edsvitandi til brei\u00f0ra, einnig ekki forr\u00e9ttinda\u00f0ra samf\u00e9lagsh\u00f3pa. Pers\u00f3na Krishna er \u00feannig enn mi\u00f0l\u00e6gt vi\u00f0fangsefni indfr\u00e6\u00f0a og samanbur\u00f0ar tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Heimildir (\u00farval)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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