{"id":169030,"date":"2026-09-05T14:04:58","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:04:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=169030"},"modified":"2026-09-05T14:30:30","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T14:30:30","slug":"venus-romversk-astargy-ja","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/is\/venus-romversk-astargy-ja\/","title":{"rendered":"Venus \u2013 r\u00f3mverska \u00e1star- og fegur\u00f0argy\u00f0jan"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Venus\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Venus \u2013 gy\u00f0ja \u00e1star, fegur\u00f0ar og form\u00f3\u00f0ir R\u00f3mar<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Gy\u00f0ja<\/span>R\u00f3m<\/a>\u00c1stargo\u00f0vera<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Venus var fyrir R\u00f3mverjum gy\u00f0ja \u00e1star og fegur\u00f0ar, en var samt\u00edmis stofnm\u00f3\u00f0ir r\u00f3mverska \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0flokksins og form\u00f3\u00f0ir gens Iulia. D\u00fdrkun<\/span> hennar tengdi saman pers\u00f3nulega og p\u00f3lit\u00edska merkingu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Yfirlit<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Venus er ein af mikilv\u00e6gustu go\u00f0verum r\u00f3mverskrar tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0a. H\u00fan var gy\u00f0ja \u00e1star, a\u00f0dr\u00e1ttarafls og fegur\u00f0ar, en var auk \u00feess p\u00f3lit\u00edskt mj\u00f6g hla\u00f0in pers\u00f3na.<\/p>

\u00dev\u00ed R\u00f3mverjar litu \u00e1 Venus sem stofnm\u00f3\u00f0ur \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar sinnar, \u00ed gegnum Tr\u00f3jumanninn Eneas, sem talinn var sonur hennar, og h\u00fan var samt\u00edmis s\u00e9rst\u00f6k form\u00f3\u00f0ir gens Iulia<\/em>, \u00e6ttarins sem Caesar og \u00c1g\u00fastus tilheyr\u00f0u.<\/p>

Tr\u00faars\u00f6gulega s\u00e9\u00f0 er Venus margslungin pers\u00f3na. Uppruni hennar er umdeildur \u00ed fr\u00e6\u00f0unum. Tali\u00f0 er a\u00f0 um hafi veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a forn\u00edtalska go\u00f0veru<\/span> tengda g\u00f6r\u00f0um, gr\u00f3\u00f0ri og \u00feokka.<\/p>

Venus var snemma sams\u00f6mu\u00f0 gr\u00edsku gy\u00f0junni Afr\u00f3d\u00edtu og t\u00f3k yfir go\u00f0sagnir hennar og myndheim. \u00cd gegnum Eneasars\u00f6gnina<\/span> f\u00e9kk h\u00fan auk \u00feess mi\u00f0l\u00e6ga st\u00f6\u00f0u \u00ed sj\u00e1lfsskilningi R\u00f3mverja.<\/p>

\u00deannig sameinar Venus nokkur l\u00f6g, hugsanlega forn tengsl vi\u00f0 gr\u00f3\u00f0ur og \u00feokka, hina gr\u00edskm\u00f3tu\u00f0u \u00e1stargy\u00f0ju og hina r\u00edkisb\u00e6randi form\u00f3\u00f0ur R\u00f3mar<\/a>. S\u00e9rstaklega \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0l\u00fd\u00f0veldist\u00edmanum og \u00ed upphafi keisarat\u00edmans var d\u00fdrkun<\/span> hennar n\u00fdtt p\u00f3lit\u00edskt af lei\u00f0togum.<\/p>

Venus er \u00feannig fr\u00e1b\u00e6rt d\u00e6mi um hvernig tr\u00faarbr\u00f6g\u00f0, \u00e6ttarsaga og p\u00f3lit\u00edk voru samtvinnu\u00f0 \u00ed R\u00f3m.<\/p>

P\u00f3lit\u00edsk hle\u00f0sla Venusar \u00e1tti s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 \u00ed m\u00f6rgum \u00ferepum yfir s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00f6ldina fyrir Krist. \u00deegar S\u00falla ger\u00f0i kr\u00f6fu um s\u00e9rstaka velvild gy\u00f0junnar s\u00e9r til handa, v\u00edg\u00f0i Pompeius henni helgista\u00f0<\/span>, og Caesar ger\u00f0i \u00e6tterni sinnar \u00e6ttar fr\u00e1 Venusi a\u00f0 mi\u00f0punkti sj\u00e1lfsmyndar sinnar.<\/p>

\u00c1g\u00fastus h\u00e9lt \u00feessari l\u00ednu \u00e1fram og felldi Venus inn \u00ed tr\u00faarlega \u00e1\u00e6tlun n\u00fdja stj\u00f3rnarfyrirkomulagsins.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Nafn og or\u00f0sifjar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Nafni\u00f0 Venus<\/em> er \u00ed fr\u00e6\u00f0unum tengt latnesku or\u00f0asvi\u00f0i sem n\u00e6r yfir hugt\u00f6k \u00e1 bor\u00f0 vi\u00f0 venustas<\/em>, \u00feokka e\u00f0a yndis\u00feokka, og venia<\/em>, velvild e\u00f0a n\u00e1\u00f0. A\u00f0 baki liggur tali\u00f0 vera r\u00f3t sem t\u00e1knar l\u00f6ngun, girnd e\u00f0a vel\u00fe\u00f3knun. Nafni\u00f0 einkennir gy\u00f0juna \u00feannig sem m\u00e1tt a\u00f0dr\u00e1ttarafls og vel\u00fe\u00f3knunar.<\/p>

Athyglisvert er a\u00f0 or\u00f0i\u00f0 venus<\/em> gat \u00ed eldri lat\u00ednu upphaflega einnig veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 sem venjulegt nafnor\u00f0 \u00ed merkingunni \u00feokki e\u00f0a yndis\u00feokki. \u00dar \u00fev\u00ed \u00fer\u00f3a\u00f0ist eiginnafn gy\u00f0junnar.<\/p>

\u00deessi \u00fer\u00f3un fr\u00e1 almennu hugtaki til pers\u00f3nulegrar go\u00f0veru<\/span> er endurteki\u00f0 mynstur \u00ed r\u00f3mverskum tr\u00faarbr\u00f6g\u00f0um og \u00e1 einnig vi\u00f0 um a\u00f0rar verur sem upphaflega t\u00e1knu\u00f0u \u00f3hlutbundna eiginleika.<\/p>

Tr\u00faars\u00f6gulega er \u00feessi or\u00f0sifjafr\u00e6\u00f0i mikilv\u00e6g \u00fev\u00ed h\u00fan v\u00edsar til hugsanlegs innlends uppruna Venusar, \u00f3h\u00e1\u00f0s gr\u00edsku Afr\u00f3d\u00edtu.<\/p>

\u00c1\u00f0ur en Venus var\u00f0 hin r\u00f3mverska Afr\u00f3d\u00edta g\u00e6ti h\u00fan hafa veri\u00f0 tilt\u00f6lulega \u00f3\u00e1berandi go\u00f0vera<\/span> \u00feokka og velvildar. Fyrst sams\u00f6munin vi\u00f0 Afr\u00f3d\u00edtu og tengingin vi\u00f0 Eneasars\u00f6gnina<\/span> ger\u00f0u hana a\u00f0 einni af hinum st\u00f3ru go\u00f0verum R\u00f3mar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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L\u00fdsing og myndm\u00e1l<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00cd myndlegri arfleif\u00f0<\/span> birtist Venus sem f\u00f6gur, ungleg kona, oft algj\u00f6rlega e\u00f0a a\u00f0 hluta \u00f3fatakl\u00e6dd, \u00ed \u00feokkafullri stellingu. \u00deessi framsetning fylgir a\u00f0 miklu leyti fyrirmynd gr\u00edsku Afr\u00f3d\u00edtu, en myndger\u00f0ir hennar voru miki\u00f0 teknar upp \u00ed r\u00f3mverskri list.<\/p>

Me\u00f0al einkenna hennar eru d\u00fafan, skelin, bl\u00f3m, s\u00e9rstaklega r\u00f3sin, og litli v\u00e6ngja\u00f0i \u00e1stargu\u00f0inn sem oft fylgir henni.<\/p>

Skelin v\u00edsar til go\u00f0s\u00f6gunnar<\/span> um f\u00e6\u00f0ingu gy\u00f0junnar \u00far hafinu, d\u00fafan og r\u00f3sin til svi\u00f0s \u00e1star og \u00feokka. \u00cd r\u00f3mverskri list eru \u00fe\u00f3 einnig s\u00e9rst\u00f6k afbrig\u00f0i sem leggja \u00e1herslu \u00e1 r\u00edkislega og herna\u00f0arlega \u00fe\u00e6tti hennar.<\/p>

\u00deannig var Venus s\u00fdnd sem Venus Victrix<\/em>, hin sigurbringandi Venus, \u00e1 stundum me\u00f0 vopn e\u00f0a sigurt\u00e1kn, og sem Venus Genetrix<\/em>, hin f\u00e6\u00f0andi stofnm\u00f3\u00f0ir, \u00ed tignarlegri, meira kl\u00e6ddri mynd.<\/p>

Venus birtist \u00e1 styttum, veggm\u00e1lverkum, l\u00e1gmyndum, gimsteinum og mj\u00f6g oft \u00e1 peningum. S\u00e9rstaklega \u00e1 t\u00edma Caesars og fyrstu keisaranna var mynd hennar notu\u00f0 \u00e1 peningum til a\u00f0 undirstrika \u00e6tterni valdhafah\u00fassins fr\u00e1 gy\u00f0junni. T\u00e1knmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0i Venusar er \u00feannig ekki a\u00f0eins t\u00e1knmyndafr\u00e6\u00f0i fegur\u00f0ar, heldur einnig verkf\u00e6ri p\u00f3lit\u00edskrar sj\u00e1lfsmyndar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Go\u00f0s\u00f6gulegar fr\u00e1sagnir og munnm\u00e6li<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Go\u00f0sagnahringur Venusar er n\u00e1tengdur go\u00f0sagnahring gr\u00edsku gy\u00f0junnar Afr\u00f3d\u00edtu. Sagnir um f\u00e6\u00f0ingu gy\u00f0junnar \u00far sj\u00e1varfro\u00f0u, um tengsl hennar vi\u00f0 \u00fdmsa gu\u00f0i og dau\u00f0lega menn og um hlutverk hennar \u00ed sagnahringnum um Tr\u00f3ju voru teknar \u00far gr\u00edskum arfi og felldar inn \u00ed r\u00f3mverskar b\u00f3kmenntir.<\/p>

Fyrir r\u00f3mverska sj\u00e1lfsskilgreiningu er Eneasar-sagan<\/span> mikilv\u00e6gust. Samkv\u00e6mt henni er Eneas sonur Venusar og Tr\u00f3jumannsins Ank\u00edsesar. Eneas fl\u00fdr \u00far brennandi Tr\u00f3ju, kemst eftir langt hrakningaflakk til \u00cdtal\u00edu og ver\u00f0ur forfa\u00f0ir R\u00f3mverja.<\/p>

\u00deessi fr\u00e1s\u00f6gn er einkum \u00fatf\u00e6r\u00f0 \u00ed Eneasarkvi\u00f0u<\/em> Vergils, \u00fear sem Venus kemur fram sem umhyggjus\u00f6m m\u00f3\u00f0ir hetjunnar, verndar hann og stu\u00f0lar a\u00f0 \u00f6rl\u00f6gum hans. \u00cd gegnum Eneas og son hans Iulus rakti gens Iulia<\/em> \u00e6tterni sitt til gy\u00f0junnar.<\/p>

Ovid\u00edus tekur einnig \u00ed Ummyndunum<\/em> s\u00ednum og \u00f6\u00f0rum verkum fj\u00f6lmargar Venusar-go\u00f0sagnir fyrir, me\u00f0al annars s\u00f6gu Venusar og Adonis og s\u00f6gu Pygmalions. Vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0 \u00feessa stendur hinn p\u00f3lit\u00edski go\u00f0s\u00f6gn<\/span> s\u00ed\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0isveldisins. Herforinginn S\u00falla, s\u00ed\u00f0an Pompeius og a\u00f0 lokum Sesar, v\u00edsu\u00f0u hver \u00e1 sinn h\u00e1tt til Venusar.<\/p>

Sesar rakti \u00e6tterni fj\u00f6lskyldu sinnar me\u00f0 berum or\u00f0um til gy\u00f0junnar og h\u00e9t henni hofi<\/span> \u00ed borgarastyrj\u00f6ldinni. Go\u00f0sagnaleg arfleif\u00f0<\/span> Venusar er \u00feannig tv\u00ed\u00fe\u00e6tt, m\u00f3tu\u00f0 af gr\u00edska Afr\u00f3d\u00edtu-efninu og af s\u00e9rr\u00f3mverskum tengslum vi\u00f0 stofnunars\u00f6guna og valdafj\u00f6lskylduna.<\/p>

Sk\u00e1ldi\u00f0 L\u00fakret\u00edus setur kennslulj\u00f3\u00f0 sitt um e\u00f0li hlutanna undir \u00e1kall<\/span> Venusar, sem hann \u00e1varpar sem getandi m\u00e1tt sem framkallar l\u00edfi\u00f0.<\/p>

\u00deessi heimspekilega lita t\u00falkun s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 Venus var, umfram hlutverk sitt sem \u00e1stargy\u00f0ja, skilin sem alsj\u00e1andi frumregla sk\u00f6punar. \u00cd \u00e1g\u00fasteiskri sk\u00e1ldskaparhef\u00f0 kemur h\u00fan hins vegar fyrst og fremst fram sem \u00e6ttm\u00f3\u00f0ir og verndari Eneasar og afkomenda hans.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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D\u00fdrkun og tilbei\u00f0sla<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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D\u00fdrkun<\/span> Venusar \u00ed R\u00f3m haf\u00f0i margar birtingarmyndir sem einkenndust af mismunandi vi\u00f0urnefnum. Til voru eldri helgista\u00f0ir sem tilb\u00e1\u00f0u Venus \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 gar\u00f0a og kvenleg l\u00edfssvi\u00f0. Vi\u00f0 hli\u00f0 \u00feeirra st\u00f3\u00f0u hof<\/span> sem l\u00f6g\u00f0u \u00e1herslu \u00e1 s\u00e9rst\u00f6k hlutverk hennar, svo sem Venus sem verndara hj\u00f3nabandssamlyndis e\u00f0a Venus \u00ed sigurs\u00e6lu hlutverki s\u00ednu.<\/p>

Afdrifar\u00edkt skref var v\u00edgsla hofs Venus Genetrix<\/em> af Sesari \u00e1 n\u00fdju torgi hans. \u00dear me\u00f0 var gy\u00f0jan opinberlega tilbe\u00f0in sem \u00e6ttm\u00f3\u00f0ir fj\u00f6lskyldu hans og \u00ed v\u00ed\u00f0ari skilningi r\u00f3mversku \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar.<\/p>

\u00c1g\u00fastus t\u00f3k upp \u00feennan \u00fer\u00e1\u00f0 og fl\u00e9tta\u00f0i Venus, \u00e1samt hinum gu\u00f0d\u00f3mlega Sesari og Mars, inn \u00ed tr\u00faarlega sj\u00e1lfsmynd hins n\u00fdja valdakerfis. Venus var\u00f0 \u00feannig \u00far \u00e1stargy\u00f0ju a\u00f0 gu\u00f0veru<\/span> af r\u00edkismikilv\u00e6gi.<\/p>

H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0ir \u00ed hei\u00f0ursskyni Venusar voru haldnar \u00ed apr\u00edl, m\u00e1nu\u00f0i sem almennt var tengdur vexti og hennar svi\u00f0i. \u00cd einu sl\u00edku tilefni var Venus tilbe\u00f0in \u00e1samt gu\u00f0veru<\/span> kvenlegrar umbreytingar.<\/p>

Auk \u00feess var haldin h\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0in Vinalia<\/em>, \u00fear sem Venus l\u00e9k einnig hlutverk og sem tengdist v\u00edni. Venusar-d\u00fdrkunin sameina\u00f0i \u00feannig einkaleg m\u00e1lefni, svo sem \u00e1st og hj\u00f3naband, vi\u00f0 mikilv\u00e6g p\u00f3lit\u00edsk tengsl vi\u00f0 uppruna R\u00f3mar og valdafj\u00f6lskyldu hennar.<\/p>

Elsta \u00f6ruggt votta\u00f0a borgard\u00fdrkun Venusar var tengd helgista\u00f0<\/span> Venus Erycina, sem var komi\u00f0 \u00e1 f\u00f3t \u00e1 Kap\u00edt\u00f3lh\u00e6\u00f0 \u00ed kj\u00f6lfar seinna p\u00fanverska str\u00ed\u00f0sins samkv\u00e6mt sp\u00e1d\u00f3mi Sibyllub\u00f3kanna, v\u00edsbending um hvernig gy\u00f0jan var \u00e1k\u00f6llu\u00f0 sem hj\u00e1lpandi m\u00e1ttur \u00e1 krepput\u00edmum.<\/p>

Anna\u00f0 hof<\/span> Venus Erycina var s\u00ed\u00f0ar reist fyrir framan Porta Collina. Auk \u00feess var Venus Verticordia tilbe\u00f0in, sem var talin verndari hj\u00f3nabandssi\u00f0pr\u00fd\u00f0is.<\/p>

Afgerandi t\u00edmam\u00f3t marka\u00f0i Sesar me\u00f0 v\u00edgslu hofs Venus Genetrix \u00e1 n\u00fdju torgi s\u00ednu \u00e1ri\u00f0 46 fyrir okkar t\u00edmatal. \u00dear me\u00f0 var Venus opinberlega tilbe\u00f0in sem \u00e6ttm\u00f3\u00f0ir gens Iulia og \u00ed v\u00ed\u00f0ari skilningi r\u00f3mversku \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0arinnar.<\/p>

H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0ir Venusar voru \u00ed apr\u00edl. \u00c1 Veneralia, fyrsta apr\u00edl, var Venus tilbe\u00f0in af konum \u00e1samt Fortuna Virilis, og \u00e1 Vinalia, sem tengdust v\u00edni, haf\u00f0i gy\u00f0jan einnig sinn hlut.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Verndara\u00f0ger\u00f0ir og fr\u00e1hrindandi t\u00e1kn<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Venus var ekki eiginleg verndarvera til varnar illum \u00f6flum, en tengdar henni voru \u00fe\u00f3 hugmyndir um verndun og velvild. \u00c1 pers\u00f3nulegu svi\u00f0i leitu\u00f0u menn til Venusar \u00ed m\u00e1lum \u00e1star, a\u00f0dr\u00e1ttarafls og hj\u00faskaparsamlyndis. Tilbei\u00f0slan \u00e1 henni sem verndara hj\u00f3nabandsins s\u00fdnir a\u00f0 d\u00fdrkun<\/span> hennar \u00e1tti einnig a\u00f0 styrkja fj\u00f6lskyldub\u00f6ndin.<\/p>

S\u00e9rstakt verndarhlutverk haf\u00f0i Venus \u00ed hlutverki s\u00ednu sem \u00e6ttm\u00f3\u00f0ir og sem Venus Victrix<\/em>. Herforingjar s\u00ed\u00f0l\u00fd\u00f0veldist\u00edmans settu sig undir vernd hennar og vonu\u00f0ust eftir velvild hennar \u00ed str\u00ed\u00f0i og \u00ed stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1labar\u00e1ttu.<\/p>

Pompeius helga\u00f0i henni musteri<\/span> \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 leikh\u00fas sitt, og Caesar \u00e1kalla\u00f0i hana sem \u00e6ttm\u00f3\u00f0ur og nota\u00f0i nafn hennar sem einkunnaror\u00f0 \u00ed orrustu. H\u00e9r birtist Venus sem m\u00e1ttarvald sem veitir \u00e1rangur, sigur og hamingju.<\/p>

\u00cd gegnum Eneasar-s\u00f6gnina<\/span> var\u00f0 Venus auk \u00feess verndari R\u00f3mar sj\u00e1lfrar. Sem m\u00f3\u00f0ir \u00e6ttf\u00f6\u00f0urins og \u00e6ttm\u00f3\u00f0ir keisara\u00e6ttarins \u00e1tti h\u00fan a\u00f0 vaka yfir velfer\u00f0 samf\u00e9lagsins. \u00deessi hugmynd gaf Venusard\u00fdrkuninni verndandi v\u00eddd sem trygg\u00f0i \u00f6ryggi samf\u00e9lagsins.<\/p>

\u00c1 heildina liti\u00f0 snerist vernd Venusar minna um a\u00f0 verjast illum \u00f6flum og meira um a\u00f0 veita velvild, hamingju og \u00e1rangur, hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 var \u00ed \u00e1stum, \u00ed str\u00ed\u00f0i e\u00f0a \u00ed \u00f6rl\u00f6gum borgarinnar.<\/p>

\u00c1kalli\u00f0<\/span> \u00e1 Venus sem sigurgjafa var ekki einber form\u00fala. Caesar nota\u00f0i nafn gy\u00f0junnar samkv\u00e6mt munnm\u00e6lum<\/span> sem einkunnaror\u00f0 \u00ed orrustunni vi\u00f0 Pharsalos, og eftir sigurinn efndi hann heit<\/span> sitt me\u00f0 byggingu musteris Venus Genetrix.<\/p>

\u00deannig var velvild gy\u00f0junnar bundin me\u00f0 beinum h\u00e6tti vi\u00f0 herna\u00f0arlegan og stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lalegan \u00e1rangur herforingjans.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0rum menningarheimum<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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N\u00e1nasta samsv\u00f6run vi\u00f0 Venus er gr\u00edska Afr\u00f3d\u00edta, sem h\u00fan var j\u00f6fnu\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00e1 fyrri t\u00ed\u00f0. Fr\u00e1 henni t\u00f3k Venus yfir go\u00f0sagnahringinn um f\u00e6\u00f0ingu \u00far hafinu, \u00e1starsamb\u00f6nd og hlutverki\u00f0 \u00ed tr\u00f3jus\u00f6gninni auk mikilv\u00e6gra myndger\u00f0a.<\/p>

\u00der\u00e1tt fyrir \u00feetta er Venus sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0 r\u00f3mversk gu\u00f0vera<\/span>. M\u00f6gulegur innlendur uppruni hennar sem gu\u00f0vera<\/span> \u00feokkans, en fyrst og fremst tengsl hennar vi\u00f0 Eneasar-s\u00f6gnina<\/span> og gens Iulia, eru s\u00e9rr\u00f3mversk og hafa ekki samsv\u00f6run \u00ed gr\u00edsku Afr\u00f3d\u00edtu.<\/p>

Utan gr\u00edska svi\u00f0sins tilheyrir Venus v\u00ed\u00f0\u00fatbreiddri tegund \u00e1star- og fegur\u00f0argy\u00f0ja sem finnast \u00ed m\u00f6rgum tr\u00faarbr\u00f6g\u00f0um Mi\u00f0jar\u00f0arhafssv\u00e6\u00f0isins og Austurlanda n\u00e6r.<\/p>

Sl\u00edkar gu\u00f0verur t\u00e1kna a\u00f0dr\u00e1ttarafl, frj\u00f3semi og oft einnig hersk\u00e1an \u00fe\u00e1tt. \u00deegar \u00ed forn\u00f6ld<\/span> voru greind tengsl milli Afr\u00f3d\u00edtu og eldri austurlenskra gy\u00f0ja, sem bendir til v\u00ed\u00f0\u00fatbreidds hugmyndasvi\u00f0s.<\/p>

Fr\u00e6\u00f0ilega s\u00e9\u00f0 er Venus s\u00e9rstaklega sk\u00fdrt d\u00e6mi um hvernig gu\u00f0vera<\/span> getur, me\u00f0 stofns\u00f6gn, or\u00f0i\u00f0 hluti af stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lalegri sj\u00e1lfsmynd samf\u00e9lags. Me\u00f0an a\u00f0rar \u00e1stargy\u00f0jur h\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00e1hrif fyrst og fremst \u00e1 pers\u00f3nulegu svi\u00f0i, var\u00f0 Venus, \u00ed gegnum Eneasar-s\u00f6gnina<\/span> og keisara\u00e6ttina, gu\u00f0vera<\/span> af r\u00edkis\u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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N\u00fat\u00edmavi\u00f0t\u00f6kur og ranns\u00f3knir<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00cd ranns\u00f3knum \u00e1 r\u00f3mverskri tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0ahef\u00f0 er Venus sko\u00f0u\u00f0 \u00fat fr\u00e1 m\u00f6rgum sj\u00f3narhornum. Fjalla\u00f0 er um upprunalegt e\u00f0li hennar, t\u00edmasetningu og framvindu sams\u00f6munar hennar vi\u00f0 Afr\u00f3d\u00edtu, og ekki s\u00edst hvernig d\u00fdrkun hennar var beitt \u00ed p\u00f3lit\u00edskum tilgangi \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0g\u00fd\u00f0ingveldist\u00edmanum og \u00ed upphafi keisarat\u00edmans.<\/p>

Georg Wissowa og Kurt Latte fj\u00f6llu\u00f0u um st\u00f6\u00f0u Venusar \u00ed r\u00f3mverskri go\u00f0aver\u00f6ld, og n\u00fdrri ranns\u00f3knir, me\u00f0al annars eftir Mary Beard, John North og Simon Price, og eftir J\u00f6rg R\u00fcpke, leggja \u00e1herslu \u00e1 n\u00e1in tengsl Venusard\u00fdrkunar og stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1la.<\/p>

S\u00e9rst\u00f6k athygli er veitt hlutverki Venusar hj\u00e1 Caesar og \u00c1g\u00fastusi. Hofi\u00f0<\/span> Venus Genetrix, myntsl\u00e1ttur me\u00f0 mynd gy\u00f0junnar og innlei\u00f0ing hennar \u00ed tr\u00faarstefnu \u00c1g\u00fastusar eru talin sk\u00f3lab\u00f3kard\u00e6mi um hvernig valda\u00e6tt n\u00fdtti tr\u00faarlega hef\u00f0 \u00ed eigin \u00fe\u00e1gu til sj\u00e1lfsmyndunar. Einnig Eneasarkvi\u00f0a<\/em> Virgils er lesin \u00ed \u00feessu samhengi sem tr\u00faars\u00f6gulegt vitni.<\/p>

\u00cd almennri menningu n\u00fat\u00edmans er Venus me\u00f0al kunnustu gu\u00f0vera fornaldar. Nafn hennar er nota\u00f0 yfir reikistj\u00f6rnu, og mynd hennar hefur m\u00f3ta\u00f0 evr\u00f3pska myndlist um aldir, fr\u00e1 forn\u00f6ld<\/span> yfir endurreisnart\u00edmann og fram \u00e1 okkar daga.<\/p>

\u00cd listas\u00f6gunni er Venus mi\u00f0l\u00e6gt myndefni<\/span>. Fyrir tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0i<\/span> er Venus \u00e1fram l\u00e6rd\u00f3msr\u00edkt d\u00e6mi um lagskiptingu r\u00f3mverskrar tr\u00faarbrag\u00f0ahef\u00f0ar og um tengsl go\u00f0s\u00f6gu<\/span>, listar og stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lalegs valds.<\/p>

Ranns\u00f3knir leggja auk \u00feess \u00e1herslu \u00e1 hvernig myndlistin m\u00f3ta\u00f0i tr\u00faarlega skynjun Venusar. Styttuger\u00f0ir sem breiddust \u00fat \u00e1 r\u00f3mverska keisarat\u00edmanum, og sem s\u00f3ttu fyrirmyndir s\u00ednar til gr\u00edskra forvera, ger\u00f0u gy\u00f0juna alls sta\u00f0ar s\u00fdnilega, b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 opinberum vettvangi og \u00e1 heimilum.<\/p>

\u00deannig tvinna\u00f0ist d\u00fdrkunin<\/span> saman vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9ttan myndarf sem m\u00f3ta\u00f0i skilning \u00e1 gy\u00f0junni allt fram \u00ed evr\u00f3pska myndlist n\u00fdaldar.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Heimildir (\u00farval)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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