{"id":52100,"date":"2026-07-30T13:57:07","date_gmt":"2026-07-30T13:57:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/milarepa-2\/"},"modified":"2026-07-30T13:57:33","modified_gmt":"2026-07-30T13:57:33","slug":"milarepa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/milarepa\/","title":{"rendered":"Milarepa"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"52100\" class=\"elementor elementor-52100 elementor-3040\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52c0acb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"52c0acb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac0ff9f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ac0ff9f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c2abb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c2abb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f96346 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3f96346\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Milarepa, tibeti j\u00f3gi \u00e9s szent<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1d9b66 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c1d9b66\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Milarepa tibeti j\u00f3gi \u00e9s szent, akinek \u00e9let\u00fatja a s\u00falyos b\u0171nt\u0151l a megvil\u00e1gosod\u00e1sig p\u00e9ldak\u00e9pk\u00e9nt szolg\u00e1l. Milarepa (tibet\u00fcl Mila Repa, &#8222;a gyapotba \u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00f6tt Mila&#8221;, kb. 1052-1135) a tibeti vall\u00e1st\u00f6rt\u00e9net egyik legismertebb j\u00f3gija.<\/p><p>Padmasambhav\u00e1val ellent\u00e9tben t\u00f6rt\u00e9netileg megfoghat\u00f3 szem\u00e9lyr\u0151l van sz\u00f3, akinek \u00e9letrajz\u00e1t ugyanakkor vall\u00e1st\u00f6rt\u00e9netileg er\u0151sen stiliz\u00e1lt\u00e1k. A Kagy\u00fc-iskola meghat\u00e1roz\u00f3 tan\u00edt\u00f3jak\u00e9nt tartj\u00e1k sz\u00e1mon, versei (mgur) a tibeti vall\u00e1sos irodalom legt\u00f6bbet olvasott sz\u00f6vegei k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartoznak.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4728ea5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4728ea5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aa2e6bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"aa2e6bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Isten \/ Istenn\u0151: Egy kult\u00fara panteonj\u00e1nak megszem\u00e9lyes\u00edtett legf\u0151bb hatalma, j\u00f3l meghat\u00e1rozott hat\u00e1sk\u00f6r\u00f6kkel: term\u00e9szeti er\u0151k, sors, h\u00e1bor\u00fa, term\u00e9kenys\u00e9g. Kultuszok, \u00e1ldozatok \u00e9s templomi int\u00e9zm\u00e9nyek r\u00e9v\u00e9n tisztelik.\">Isten<\/span><a href=\"\/hu\/buddhismus\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Buddhista hagyom\u00e1ny b\u00f3dhiszattv\u00e1kkal, v\u00e9d\u0151istens\u00e9gekkel, \u00e9hes szellemekkel \u00e9s pokol\u0151r\u00f6kkel.\">Buddhizmus<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f06c579 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f06c579\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c92ad8a elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"c92ad8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Ezen az oldalon nem tal\\u00e1lhat\\u00f3 c\\u00edmsor.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTartalomjegyz\u00e9k\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__c92ad8a\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__c92ad8a\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__c92ad8a\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d7944c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8d7944c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd599cd iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dd599cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_milarepa-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3276\" alt=\"Milarepa - G\u00f6tter aus der Buddhismus-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_milarepa-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_milarepa-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_milarepa-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_buddhismus_milarepa.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61fa776 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"61fa776\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecda391 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ecda391\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d89a9e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d89a9e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c9letrajzi forr\u00e1sok<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da35bc2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"da35bc2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A legr\u00e9szletesebb \u00e9letle\u00edr\u00e1s a &#8222;Nampar Tharpa&#8221; (teljes megszabadul\u00e1si c\u00edm), r\u00f6viden &#8222;Mila Tharpa&#8221;, amelyet Tsangny\u00f6n Heruka (1452-1507), egy j\u00f3gi \u00e9s \u00edr\u00f3 szerzett, aki Milarep\u00e1t idealiz\u00e1lt j\u00f3gi-alakk\u00e9nt mutatta be a k\u00e9s\u0151i Kagy\u00fc reformmozgalma sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<\/p><p>Ez az \u00e9letrajz irodalmilag rendk\u00edv\u00fcl siker\u00fclt, \u00e9s t\u00f6bb nyugati nyelvre is leford\u00edtott\u00e1k, \u00e1m Milarepa hal\u00e1la ut\u00e1n k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl h\u00e1romsz\u00e1z\u00f6tven \u00e9vvel keletkezett, \u00e9s r\u00e9szben elveszett kor\u00e1bbi sz\u00f3beli \u00e9s \u00edr\u00e1sos hagyom\u00e1nyokra t\u00e1maszkodik.<\/p><p>Andrew Quintman a &#8222;The Yogin and the Madman&#8221; (New York 2014) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban rekonstru\u00e1lta a Milarepa-\u00e9letrajz sz\u00f6vegt\u00f6rt\u00e9neti fejl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9t, \u00e9s kimutatta, hogy legal\u00e1bb h\u00e1rom kor\u00e1bbi v\u00e1ltozat l\u00e9tezett, amelyek k\u00f6z\u00fcl n\u00e9h\u00e1ny csak t\u00f6red\u00e9kesen maradt fenn.<\/p>\n<p>A &#8222;Sz\u00e1zezer \u00e9nek&#8221; (Mila Gurbum), amelyet szint\u00e9n Tsangny\u00f6n Heruka \u00e1ll\u00edtott \u00f6ssze, \u00f6sszegy\u0171jti azokat a verseket, amelyeket Milarepa k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 tan\u00edt\u00e1si helyzetekben tan\u00edtv\u00e1nyainak \u00e9s k\u00e9relmez\u0151inek r\u00f6gt\u00f6nz\u00f6tt volna. Ez a gy\u0171jtem\u00e9ny a m\u00e1sodik legfontosabb Milarepa-forr\u00e1s; egyes \u00e9nekei igen elt\u00e9r\u0151 keltez\u00e9s\u0171ek, \u00e9s val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg t\u00f6bb \u00e9vsz\u00e1zad alatt kialakult hagyom\u00e1nyt t\u00fckr\u00f6znek.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a9c360 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2a9c360\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a83792 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9a83792\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ifj\u00fakor \u00e9s fekete m\u00e1gia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16a21ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16a21ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Az \u00e9letrajz szerint Milarepa egy tehet\u0151s nagybirtokos fiak\u00e9nt sz\u00fcletett Kya Ngats\u00e1ban, Nyugat-Tibetben. Apja kor\u00e1n meghalt, mire a nagyb\u00e1csi \u00e9s a nagyn\u00e9ni magukhoz ragadt\u00e1k a vagyont, \u00e9s a csal\u00e1dot rabszolg\u00e1v\u00e1 tett\u00e9k.<\/p><p>Anyja unszol\u00e1s\u00e1ra Milarepa fekete <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Olyan gyakorlatok, amelyek k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges cselekm\u00e9nyek vagy formul\u00e1k r\u00e9v\u00e9n k\u00edv\u00e1nnak beavatkozni az esem\u00e9nyek menet\u00e9be.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00e1gi\u00e1t<\/span> tanult, \u00e9s egy j\u00e9ges\u0151r\u00edtussal meg\u00f6lte a nagyb\u00e1csi harminc\u00f6t rokon\u00e1t, valamint megsemmis\u00edtette gazdags\u00e1gukat biztos\u00edt\u00f3 term\u00e9s\u00fcket.<\/p><p>E tett rossz karm\u00e1ja k\u00e9sztette \u0151t a vall\u00e1si megszabadul\u00e1s keres\u00e9s\u00e9re. Ez az elbesz\u00e9l\u00e9s vall\u00e1sfenom\u00e9nol\u00f3giai szempontb\u00f3l fontos: olyan szentet mutat be, aki kezdett\u0151l fogva nem <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Vall\u00e1si cselekm\u00e9ny r\u00e9v\u00e9n a szentnek \u00e1tadott, \u00e9s ez\u00e1ltal a h\u00e9tk\u00f6znapib\u00f3l kiemelked\u0151.\" tabindex=\"0\">szent<\/span>, hanem m\u00e9ly b\u0171nb\u0151l jut el a megvil\u00e1gosod\u00e1sig.<\/p><p>Donald Lopez (&#8222;Religions of Tibet in Practice&#8221;, Princeton 1997) ezt az elemet a tantrikus tan\u00edt\u00e1sok t\u00fckr\u00f6z\u0151d\u00e9sek\u00e9nt \u00e9rtelmezi, amelyek a &#8222;beszennyezetts\u00e9g \u00fatj\u00e1t&#8221; (kleshamarga) a megszabadul\u00e1s lehets\u00e9ges \u00fatjak\u00e9nt ismerik el.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e753fd9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e753fd9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84127d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"84127d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Marpa mint tan\u00edt\u00f3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d27889e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d27889e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Milarepa tan\u00edt\u00f3j\u00e1t Marpa Ch\u00f6kyi Lodr\u00f6 (1012-1097) szem\u00e9ly\u00e9ben tal\u00e1lta meg, egy tibeti ford\u00edt\u00f3ban, aki t\u00f6bb utaz\u00e1st tett Indi\u00e1ba, ahol Naropa tan\u00edtv\u00e1ny\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1lt.<\/p><p>Marpa sok \u00e9ven \u00e1t rendk\u00edv\u00fcli pr\u00f3bat\u00e9telnek vetette al\u00e1 Milarep\u00e1t: egyed\u00fcl sz\u00e1mos k\u0151torony fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re k\u00f6telezte, mindig azzal az utas\u00edt\u00e1ssal, hogy bontsa le azokat, amint elk\u00e9sz\u00fcltek.<\/p><p>A Lhodrakban, D\u00e9l-Tibetben ma is fenn\u00e1ll\u00f3 Sekhar-Guthok-tornyot a hagyom\u00e1ny szerint az a v\u00e9gleges \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9ny, amelyet Milarep\u00e1nak m\u00e1r nem kellett lebontania. Az \u00e9letrajz szerint a pr\u00f3bat\u00e9tel c\u00e9lja a j\u00e9ges\u0151m\u00e1gia rossz karm\u00e1j\u00e1nak megtiszt\u00edt\u00e1sa volt, miel\u0151tt Milarepa a magasabb fok\u00fa tantrikus beavat\u00e1sokban r\u00e9szes\u00fclhetett.<\/p>\n<p>A pr\u00f3bat\u00e9tel v\u00e9gezt\u00e9vel megkapta a Mahamudra-tan\u00edt\u00e1s \u00e9s Naropa Hat J\u00f3g\u00e1j\u00e1nak teljes \u00e1tad\u00e1s\u00e1t, k\u00f6zt\u00fck a bels\u0151 h\u0151t (tummo), a tiszta f\u00e9nytestet (\u00f6dsal) \u00e9s az \u00e1lomj\u00f3g\u00e1t (milam). Ezek az \u00e1tad\u00e1sok a Kagy\u00fc-tan\u00edt\u00e1s magj\u00e1t alkotj\u00e1k, \u00e9s m\u00e1ig megszak\u00edt\u00e1s n\u00e9lk\u00fcli l\u00e1ncolatban hagyom\u00e1nyoz\u00f3dnak tov\u00e1bb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec45904 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ec45904\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e685e8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e685e8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Barlangi remeta\u00e9let<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8377eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f8377eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A tanul\u00f3\u00e9vek ut\u00e1n Milarepa a Himal\u00e1ja barlangjaiba vonult vissza, f\u0151k\u00e9nt a Tibet \u00e9s Nep\u00e1l k\u00f6z\u00f6tt fekv\u0151 Lapchi-hegyt\u00f6mb vid\u00e9k\u00e9re.<\/p><p>Az \u00e9letrajz \u00e9vtizedeken \u00e1t mutatja be \u0151t f\u00e9lrees\u0151 hegyi remetes\u00e9geiben, gyakran szinte meztelen\u00fcl, vadcsal\u00e1nnal t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkozva, amely \u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3lag z\u00f6ldesre festette test\u00e9t. A bels\u0151 h\u0151t annyira kifejlesztette, hogy h\u00f3viharokban is csup\u00e1n egy gyapotlepellel (repa) boldogult, innen kapta a Repa mell\u00e9knevet.<\/p><p>Ez a gyakorlat a hagiogr\u00e1fiai elbesz\u00e9l\u00e9sen k\u00edv\u00fcl is adatolt a tibeti j\u00f3gi-hagyom\u00e1nyban; a 20. sz\u00e1zadban Alexandra David-N\u00e9el etnogr\u00e1fiailag dokument\u00e1lta, \u00fajabb fiziol\u00f3giai vizsg\u00e1latok ladakhi \u00e9s nep\u00e1li tummo-gyakorl\u00f3kon pedig m\u00e9rhet\u0151 meleg\u00edt\u0151 hat\u00e1sokat mutattak ki.<\/p><p>Vall\u00e1studom\u00e1nyos szempontb\u00f3l l\u00e9nyeges, hogy az extr\u00e9m aszk\u00e9zis \u00e9s a testi h\u0151termel\u00e9s \u00f6sszekapcsol\u00e1sa a Vadzsraj\u00e1n\u00e1ban a Tantr\u00e1kban rendszerszer\u0171en le\u00edrt gyakorlati \u00fat.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d6d992 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1d6d992\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef249c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ef249c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c9nekek \u00e9s tan\u00edt\u00e1si forma<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e33c35c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e33c35c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Milarepa nem kanonikus el\u0151ad\u00e1sok form\u00e1j\u00e1ban vagy k\u00f6nyvek r\u00e9v\u00e9n tan\u00edtott, hanem az adott helyzetben spont\u00e1n verseket r\u00f6gt\u00f6nz\u00f6tt. Egy vad\u00e1sz, egy k\u00e9telked\u0151 tan\u00edtv\u00e1nyn\u0151, egy banditacsoport &#8211; mindenkit a saj\u00e1t tudat\u00e1llapot\u00e1nak megfelel\u0151en sz\u00f3l\u00edtott meg. A &#8222;Sz\u00e1zezer \u00e9nek&#8221; ezeknek a r\u00f6gt\u00f6nz\u00e9seknek az \u00edr\u00e1sos gy\u0171jtem\u00e9nye.<\/p><p>Az indiai doha- \u00e9s caryagiti-irodalom hagyom\u00e1ny\u00e1ban gy\u00f6kereznek, amely m\u00e1r az indiai Vadzsraj\u00e1n\u00e1ban fontos szerepet j\u00e1tszott. A 11. sz\u00e1zadi Tibetben az \u00e9nekelt tan\u00edt\u00f3besz\u00e9d hat\u00e9kony m\u00f3dszer volt a tan\u00edt\u00e1s tartalm\u00e1nak az \u00edr\u00e1studatlan hallgat\u00f3k fel\u00e9 val\u00f3 k\u00f6zvet\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re is.<\/p><p>Roger Jackson a &#8222;Tantric Treasures&#8221; (Oxford 2004) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban r\u00e9szletesen bemutatta a tibeti mgur-hagyom\u00e1ny kapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1si pontjait az indiai el\u0151k\u00e9pekhez.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e19ec7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9e19ec7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4f2e0c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a4f2e0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tan\u00edtv\u00e1nyok \u00e9s ut\u00f3dl\u00e1s<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b11763 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b11763\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Milarep\u00e1nak k\u00e9t f\u0151 tan\u00edtv\u00e1nya volt: Gampopa S\u00f6nam Rinchen (1079-1153) \u00e9s Rechungpa (1085-1161). Gampopa, egykori orvos \u00e9s a Kadam-iskola szerzetese, a Milarepa-f\u00e9le tantrikus j\u00f3gigyakorlatot szerzetesi keretbe integr\u00e1lta, \u00e9s ezzel megalapozta a Kagy\u00fc-iskol\u00e1k kolostori vonal\u00e1t.<\/p><p>Rechungpa a nem szerzetesi j\u00f3gi-hagyom\u00e1nyt \u0151rizte meg. Gampopa tan\u00edtv\u00e1nyaib\u00f3l n\u0151tt ki a &#8222;n\u00e9gy nagy&#8221; \u00e9s a &#8222;nyolc kis&#8221; Kagy\u00fc-alhagyom\u00e1ny, k\u00f6zt\u00fck a Karma Kagy\u00fc a h\u00edres Karmapa-inkarn\u00e1ci\u00f3s l\u00e1ncolattal. \u00cdgy v\u00e1lt Milarepa egy\u00e9ni pr\u00f3bat\u00e9tel- \u00e9s megvil\u00e1gosod\u00e1s-\u00e9lm\u00e9nye egy nagy int\u00e9zm\u00e9nyes iskola alapj\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9ff0fe e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b9ff0fe\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-edca6c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"edca6c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vall\u00e1studom\u00e1nyos besorol\u00e1s<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af3f9de elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"af3f9de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Andrew Quintman kimutatja, hogy a Milarepa-\u00e9letrajz a &#8222;m\u00e9ly b\u0171nb\u0151l megvil\u00e1gosodott&#8221; modellj\u00e9t teremtette meg, amelyet a tibeti vall\u00e1st\u00f6rt\u00e9net k\u00e9s\u0151bbi folyam\u00e1n sokszor megism\u00e9teltek.<\/p><p>A theravada szentk\u00e9pzettel ellent\u00e9tben, amelyben a tisztas\u00e1g \u00e9s az \u00e9rdem kezdett\u0151l fogva adott, a Milarepa-hagyom\u00e1ny azt hangs\u00falyozza, hogy s\u00falyos erk\u00f6lcsi v\u00e9ts\u00e9gek is megtiszt\u00edthat\u00f3k tantrikus gyakorlat r\u00e9v\u00e9n egyetlen \u00e9leten bel\u00fcl.<\/p><p>Ez vall\u00e1sfenom\u00e9nol\u00f3giai szempontb\u00f3l a Vadzsraj\u00e1na egyik k\u00f6zponti kijelent\u00e9se, amely megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6zteti a r\u00e9gebbi buddhista iskol\u00e1kt\u00f3l, amelyekben a teljes megtiszt\u00edt\u00e1shoz t\u00f6bb egzisztencia sz\u00fcks\u00e9gesnek sz\u00e1m\u00edtott.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47965f8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"47965f8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-555a7da elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"555a7da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nyugati recepci\u00f3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82970f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"82970f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A Milarepa-\u00e9letrajz els\u0151 eur\u00f3pai ford\u00edt\u00e1sa Jacques Bacott\u00f3l (P\u00e1rizs 1925) sz\u00e1rmazik, az els\u0151 angolt Walter Yeeling Evans-Wentz k\u00e9sz\u00edtette (Oxford 1928). Az ut\u00f3bbi teoz\u00f3fiai sz\u00ednezet\u00e9r\u0151l ismert, \u00e9s a tudom\u00e1nyos tibetol\u00f3gi\u00e1ban m\u00e1ra meghaladott\u00e1 v\u00e1lt. Lobsang Lhalungpa 1977-ben filol\u00f3giailag megb\u00edzhat\u00f3 angol ford\u00edt\u00e1st tett k\u00f6zz\u00e9.<\/p><p>A 20. sz\u00e1zadban Milarepa Padmasambhava mellett a tibeti buddhizmus nyugati recepci\u00f3j\u00e1nak legkiemelked\u0151bb alakj\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1lt. \u00c9letrajzi megfoghat\u00f3s\u00e1ga, az erk\u00f6lcsi v\u00e9tek \u00e9s a megszentel\u0151d\u00e9s kevered\u00e9se, valamint az egyszer\u0171, gyakran term\u00e9szetk\u00f6lt\u00e9szeti \u00e9nekek \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 hat\u00e1st biztos\u00edtottak sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra a szigor\u00faan tantrikus \u00e1tad\u00e1si l\u00e1ncolaton t\u00fal is.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96d20ac e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"96d20ac\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d10a01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2d10a01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Forr\u00e1sok \u00e9s tov\u00e1bbi irodalom<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-050e560 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"050e560\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Els\u0151dleges forr\u00e1sok: Tsangny\u00f6n Heruka, &#8222;Mila Tharpa&#8221; (Milarepa \u00e9letrajza), 15. sz\u00e1zad; &#8222;Mila Gurbum&#8221; (Milarepa sz\u00e1zezer \u00e9neke), 15. sz\u00e1zad.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1sodlagos irodalom: Andrew Quintman, &#8222;The Yogin and the Madman.<\/p><p>Reading the Biographical Corpus of Tibet&#8217;s Great Saint Milarepa&#8221;, New York 2014; Donald Lopez, &#8222;Religions of Tibet in Practice&#8221;, Princeton 1997; David Snellgrove, &#8222;Indo-Tibetan Buddhism&#8221;, London 1987; Roger Jackson, &#8222;Tantric Treasures&#8221;, Oxford 2004; Lobsang Lhalungpa, &#8222;The Life of Milarepa&#8221;, New York 1977; Robert Buswell \u00e9s Donald Lopez, &#8222;Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism&#8221;, Princeton 2014.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6396940 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6396940\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7811b37 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7811b37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mahamudra \u00e9s Dzogchen<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5d7f85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5d7f85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A tan\u00edt\u00e1s, amelyet Milarepa Marp\u00e1t\u00f3l kapott \u00e9s tan\u00edtv\u00e1nyainak tov\u00e1bbaadott, a Mahamudra-hagyom\u00e1nyhoz tartozik (&#8222;Nagy Pecs\u00e9t&#8221;). A szellem term\u00e9szet\u00e9nek k\u00f6zvetlen, fogalommentes megismer\u00e9s\u00e9re ir\u00e1nyul. A Mahamudra a Nyingma-iskola Dzogchen-hagyom\u00e1ny\u00e1val (&#8222;Nagy T\u00f6k\u00e9letess\u00e9g&#8221;) szerkezetileg rokon, de m\u00f3dszertanilag elt\u00e9r t\u0151le.<\/p><p>M\u00edg a Dzogchen a szellem eredeti tisztas\u00e1g\u00e1t veszi kiindul\u00f3pontul, a Mahamudra fokozatosan halad a fogalmi megismer\u00e9st\u0151l a k\u00f6zvetlen szeml\u00e9letig.<\/p><p>David Jackson a &#8222;Enlightenment by a Single Means&#8221; (B\u00e9cs 1994) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban dokument\u00e1lta a Mahamudra Sakya-f\u00e9le \u00e9s Kagy\u00fc-f\u00e9le \u00e9rtelmez\u00e9se k\u00f6z\u00f6tti t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti vit\u00e1t. Ez a vita tibeti-filoz\u00f3fiai szempontb\u00f3l a 13-15. sz\u00e1zad egyik legfontosabbja, \u00e9s k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl \u00e9rinti a Milarepa-tan\u00edt\u00e1s \u00e9rtelmez\u00e9s\u00e9t.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e68a954 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e68a954\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c788afa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c788afa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Naropa hat j\u00f3g\u00e1ja<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cdc8ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2cdc8ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A Mahamudra mellett Naropa hat j\u00f3g\u00e1j\u00e1nak \u00e1tad\u00e1sa a Kagy\u00fc-gyakorlat m\u00e1sik f\u0151 vonala, amely Milarep\u00e1ra vezethet\u0151 vissza.<\/p><p>E hat j\u00f3ga mag\u00e1ban foglalja a bels\u0151 h\u0151t (tummo), a tiszta f\u00e9nytestet (\u00f6dsal), az \u00e1lomj\u00f3g\u00e1t (milam), a bardo-j\u00f3g\u00e1t (k\u00f6ztes \u00e1llapot j\u00f3g\u00e1j\u00e1t), a tudat\u00e1tvitelt (phowa) \u00e9s az illuz\u00f3rikus test gyakorlat\u00e1t (gyul\u00fc). Rendszeres gyakorlati programot alkotnak, amely az indiai j\u00f3gi Narop\u00e1ra vezethet\u0151 vissza, \u00e9s Marp\u00e1n kereszt\u00fcl jutott el Milarep\u00e1hoz.<\/p><p>A bels\u0151 h\u0151, amellyel Milarepa h\u00edrnevet szerzett, ennek els\u0151 \u00e9s sok tekintetben alapvet\u0151 gyakorlata. Glenn Mullin a &#8222;The Six Yogas of Naropa&#8221; (Ithaca 1996) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban leford\u00edtotta \u00e9s komment\u00e1lta a gyakorlati korpuszt.<\/p><p>A mai tummo-gyakorl\u00f3kon v\u00e9gzett etnogr\u00e1fiai kutat\u00e1sok, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen Herbert Benson munk\u00e1i a Harvard Medical School keret\u00e9ben az 1980-as \u00e9vekben, fiziol\u00f3giailag m\u00e9rhet\u0151 b\u0151rfelsz\u00edni h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet-emelked\u00e9seket dokument\u00e1ltak, an\u00e9lk\u00fcl hogy ezzel a hagyom\u00e1ny vall\u00e1si ig\u00e9nyeit igazolt\u00e1k vagy c\u00e1folt\u00e1k volna.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a8c8bd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4a8c8bd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02be439 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"02be439\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Milarepa barlangjai mint zar\u00e1ndokhelyek<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05a9549 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"05a9549\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Azok a barlangok, amelyekben Milarepa a hagyom\u00e1ny szerint medit\u00e1lt, m\u00e1ig zar\u00e1ndokhelyek. K\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen kiemelked\u0151k a Drakar Taso-barlang (&#8222;Feh\u00e9r Szikla L\u00f3fog&#8221;), a Tibet \u00e9s Nep\u00e1l hat\u00e1r\u00e1n fekv\u0151 Lapchi-barlangok, a nyalami r\u00e9gi\u00f3ban l\u00e9v\u0151 Chuwar-barlangok, valamint a szint\u00e9n a nep\u00e1li hat\u00e1rn\u00e1l tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 Kyirong-barlangok.<\/p><p>Ezekhez a helyekhez vezet\u0151 zar\u00e1ndokutak Tibet k\u00ednai annekt\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ig a buddhista spiritualit\u00e1s fontos tengely\u00e9t alkott\u00e1k.<\/p><p>Ma r\u00e9szben ism\u00e9t el\u00e9rhet\u0151k, a zar\u00e1ndokforgalmat azonban politikai korl\u00e1toz\u00e1sok sz\u0171k\u00edtik. Nep\u00e1lban a Lapchi-r\u00e9gi\u00f3 \u00e9s a Kailash-hegy (Tibetb\u0151l megk\u00f6zel\u00edthet\u0151) a Milarepa-tisztelet k\u00f6zponti zar\u00e1ndokhelyei is. Toni Huber a &#8222;The Cult of Pure Crystal Mountain&#8221; (New York 1999) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban r\u00e9szletesen dokument\u00e1lta a tibeti zar\u00e1ndokhelyek geogr\u00e1fi\u00e1j\u00e1t.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a42766a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a42766a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3699add elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3699add\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Milarepa a modern recepci\u00f3ban<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a5e66d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a5e66d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A 20. sz\u00e1zadban Milarepa a tibeti buddhizmus nyugati recepci\u00f3j\u00e1nak egyik legkiemelked\u0151bb alakj\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1lt.<\/p><p>Lama Anagarika Govinda a &#8222;The Way of the White Clouds&#8221; (London 1966) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban r\u00e9szletes passzusokat szentelt neki, amelyekben az aszk\u00e9ta \u00e9let \u00e9s a misztikus megismer\u00e9s \u00f6sszekapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1sa a tibeti kult\u00fara k\u00f6zponti v\u00edvm\u00e1nyak\u00e9nt jelenik meg. Lobsang Lhalungpa ford\u00edt\u00e1sa (1977) sz\u00e9lesk\u00f6r\u0171 nyugati recepci\u00f3hoz vezetett.<\/p><p>A tibeti &#8222;Milarepa&#8221; film (2006), amelyet Neten Chokling tan\u00edt\u00f3 rendezett, el\u0151sz\u00f6r hozta el a t\u00f6rt\u00e9netet egy nemzetk\u00f6zi mozipublikumnak. A nyugati tibeti buddhizmusban, k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a Kagy\u00fc-l\u00e1ncolatokban, Milarepa a gyakorl\u00f3k egyik k\u00f6zponti azonosul\u00e1si alakja, akinek \u00e9letrajz\u00e1ban az etikai v\u00e9tek, a pr\u00f3bat\u00e9tel \u00e9s a megvil\u00e1gosod\u00e1s \u00f6sszekapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1sa a saj\u00e1t \u00fat modelljek\u00e9nt olvashat\u00f3.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c510076 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c510076\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b269ea1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b269ea1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Milarepa \u00e9s a term\u00e9szetk\u00f6lt\u00e9szet<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b42109d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b42109d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Milarepa \u00e9nekeinek \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 irodalmi vonulat\u00e1t term\u00e9szetversei alkotj\u00e1k. Le\u00edrj\u00e1k a hegyi remetes\u00e9gekben t\u00f6lt\u00f6tt \u00e9letet, az \u00e9vszakok, az \u00e1llatok, a szikl\u00e1k, a h\u00f3 \u00e9s a sz\u00e9l \u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u00e9s\u00e9t. Ezek a versek a tibeti aszk\u00e9tak\u00f6lt\u00e9szet hagyom\u00e1ny\u00e1ban \u00e1llnak, amely a jap\u00e1n zen-k\u00f6lt\u00e9szethez hasonl\u00f3an k\u00f6zvetlen, term\u00e9szetes term\u00e9szetnyelvet alak\u00edtott ki.<\/p><p>Gary Snyder \u00e9s Allen Ginsberg nyugati irodalm\u00e1rok befogadt\u00e1k \u0151ket, \u00edgy hat\u00e1suk a szigor\u00faan vall\u00e1sos hagyom\u00e1nyon t\u00falra is kiterjedt. Per S\u00f8rensen a &#8222;Divinity Secularized. An Inquiry into the Nature and Form of the Songs Ascribed to the Sixth Dalai Lama&#8221; (B\u00e9cs 1990) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban felv\u00e1zolta a Milarepa-\u00e9nekek \u00e9s a k\u00e9s\u0151bbi tibeti vil\u00e1gi szerelmi k\u00f6lt\u00e9szet struktur\u00e1lis kapcsolatait.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c05aa2e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c05aa2e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a11e89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0a11e89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tsangnyon Heruka \u00e9s a kanonikus \u00e9letrajz<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a17ebc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a17ebc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Milarepa ma kanonikusnak tekintett \u00e9letle\u00edr\u00e1s\u00e1t (Mi la ras pa&#8217;i rnam thar) 1488-ban Tsangnyon Heruka (1452-1507) szerezte.<\/p><p>Tsangnyon, maga is a &#8222;Bolond Szentek&#8221; hagyom\u00e1ny\u00e1nak k\u00fcl\u00f6nc j\u00f3gija, kor\u00e1bbi forr\u00e1sokb\u00f3l mer\u00edtett, de z\u00e1rt irodalmi m\u0171v\u00e9 form\u00e1lta azokat, vil\u00e1gos szerkezettel: el\u0151t\u00f6rt\u00e9net \u00e9s sz\u00fclet\u00e9s, ifj\u00fakor \u00e9s <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Olyan gyakorlatok, amelyek k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges cselekm\u00e9nyek vagy formul\u00e1k r\u00e9v\u00e9n k\u00edv\u00e1nnak beavatkozni az esem\u00e9nyek menet\u00e9be.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00e1gia<\/span>, Marpa \u00e9s a pr\u00f3bat\u00e9telek, megszabadul\u00e1s \u00fatja, tan\u00edt\u00f3\u00e9vek, hal\u00e1l.<\/p><p>Andrew Quintman (&#8222;The Yogin and the Madman&#8221;, New York 2014) r\u00e9szletesen rekonstru\u00e1lta a Milarepa-\u00e9letrajz forr\u00e1st\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9t. Kimutatja, hogy legal\u00e1bb kilenc kor\u00e1bbi \u00e9letrajzi r\u00e9teg l\u00e9tezik, amelyek k\u00f6z\u00fcl a legkor\u00e1bbi Gampop\u00e1ra (1079-1153), Milarepa k\u00f6zvetlen tan\u00edtv\u00e1ny\u00e1ra vezethet\u0151 vissza.<\/p><p>Tsangnyon v\u00e1ltozata irodalmilag annyira sikeres, hogy a kor\u00e1bbi forr\u00e1sokat gyakorlatilag kiszor\u00edtotta. A tibeti hagiogr\u00e1fia m\u00e9rc\u00e9j\u00e9v\u00e9 v\u00e1lt, \u00e9s m\u00e1ig meghat\u00e1rozza a k\u00f6zkelet\u0171 Milarepa-k\u00e9pet.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6ef287 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b6ef287\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84b2d5b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"84b2d5b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A 100 000 \u00e9nek mint irodalmi m\u0171<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c9be78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7c9be78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A &#8222;Mila Grubum&#8221; gy\u0171jtem\u00e9nyt (Milarepa 100 000 \u00e9neke) szint\u00e9n Tsangnyon Heruka \u00f6nt\u00f6tte irodalmi form\u00e1ba, de r\u00e9gebbi anyagot tartalmaz. Mintegy 130 epiz\u00f3dot foglal mag\u00e1ban, amelyekben Milarepa k\u00f6lt\u0151i versekben (&#8222;mgur&#8221;) tan\u00edt\u00e1st ad, tan\u00edtv\u00e1nyait pr\u00f3b\u00e1ra teszi, vagy a n\u00e9p k\u00f6r\u00e9be vegy\u00fcl. A mgur \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 tibeti irodalmi m\u0171faj, amely a vall\u00e1sos spiritualit\u00e1st a n\u00e9pi k\u00f6lt\u00e9szettel kapcsolja \u00f6ssze.<\/p><p>Garma C.C. Chang (&#8222;The Hundred Thousand Songs of Milarepa&#8221;, New York 1962) teljes angol ford\u00edt\u00e1st k\u00e9sz\u00edtett. Az \u00e9nekek metrikai fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se v\u00e1ltozatos, \u00e9s a tan\u00edt\u00e1si t\u00e1rgy \u00e9s a szem\u00e9lyes eml\u00e9kez\u00e9s v\u00e1ltakoz\u00e1s\u00e1t k\u00f6vetik. Egyar\u00e1nt vall\u00e1sos gyakorlati anyagok \u00e9s n\u00e9pi irodalom, ami sz\u00e9lesk\u00f6r\u0171 hat\u00e1sukat magyar\u00e1zza.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f5d9990 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f5d9990\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e21311c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e21311c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Milarepa barlangjai \u00e9s zar\u00e1ndokhelyei<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a26a4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a26a4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A legfontosabb barlangok, amelyekben Milarepa a hagyom\u00e1ny szerint medit\u00e1lt: Drakar Taso Nyalam k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben D\u00e9l-Tibetben, Chubar Kyirong mellett, Lapchi a tibeti-nep\u00e1li hat\u00e1rvid\u00e9ken, valamint a Kailash-hegy melletti barlangok. Lapchi \u00e9s Kailash ma a pand\u00e9mia \u00e9s a k\u00ednai utaz\u00e1si korl\u00e1toz\u00e1sok miatt nehezen megk\u00f6zel\u00edthet\u0151k, Drakar Taso kolostoromlad\u00e9k\u00e1t 1980 ut\u00e1n r\u00e9szben \u00fajj\u00e1\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k.<\/p><p>Toni Huber (&#8222;The Cult of Pure Crystal Mountain&#8221;, New York 1999) etnogr\u00e1fiailag dokument\u00e1lta a Tsari k\u00f6r\u00fcli zar\u00e1ndokhelygyakorlatot &#8211; Tsari egy tov\u00e1bbi Milarepa-helysz\u00edn -, \u00e9s kimutatta, hogyan funkcion\u00e1lnak a zar\u00e1ndokhelyek a hagiogr\u00e1fia t\u00e9rbeli kiterjeszt\u00e9sek\u00e9nt.<\/p><p>Az \u00e9letrajzi sz\u00f6veg \u00e9s a zar\u00e1ndokhely \u00f6sszekapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1sa a vall\u00e1sos geogr\u00e1fia klasszikus jelens\u00e9ge, \u00e9s Milarepa a leger\u0151sebben t\u00e9rben gy\u00f6kerez\u0151 tibeti szentek egyike.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1971a07 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1971a07\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5980702 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5980702\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A Kagy\u00fc-vonal \u00e9s n\u00e9gy nagy aloszt\u00e1lya<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dfbe61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4dfbe61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Milarepa a Kagy\u00fc-iskola f\u0151vona\u00e1ban \u00e1ll (bka&#8217; brgyud, &#8222;a sz\u00f3beli tan\u00edt\u00e1sok \u00e1tad\u00e1s\u00e1nak vonala&#8221;). Ezt a vonalat Marpa Lotsawa hozta Indi\u00e1b\u00f3l Tibetbe. Milarepa f\u0151 tan\u00edtv\u00e1nya, Gampopa ut\u00e1n a Kagy\u00fc n\u00e9gy nagy \u00e9s nyolc kis alonalra v\u00e1lt sz\u00e9t. A n\u00e9gy nagy: Karma Kagy\u00fc (a Karmap\u00e1kkal), Tselpa Kagy\u00fc, Baram Kagy\u00fc \u00e9s Phagdru Kagy\u00fc.<\/p><p>A Phagdru-vonalb\u00f3l n\u0151tt ki a Drikung Kagy\u00fc, a Drukpa Kagy\u00fc \u00e9s a Taglung Kagy\u00fc. A Drukpa-vonal Bhut\u00e1n \u00e1llami iskol\u00e1ja. Karenina Kollmar-Paulenz (&#8222;Geschichte der Mongolen&#8221;, M\u00fcnchen 2005) \u00e9s Matthew Kapstein (&#8222;The Tibetans&#8221;, Oxford 2006) Tibet politikai t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9nek keret\u00e9ben t\u00e1rgyalt\u00e1k az iskolat\u00f6rt\u00e9neti fejl\u0151d\u00e9st.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5359825 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5359825\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ddc1941 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ddc1941\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Milarepa Mahamudra-tan\u00edt\u00e1sa<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce56ca9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ce56ca9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Milarepa a Mahamudra-tan\u00edt\u00e1st (&#8222;Nagy Pecs\u00e9t&#8221;) gyakorolta \u00e9s adta tov\u00e1bb, amely az Anuttarayoga-tantra-gyakorlat legmagasabb fok\u00e1nak sz\u00e1m\u00edt. A Mahamudra-\u00e1tad\u00e1s Maitrip\u00e1n \u00e9s Narop\u00e1n \u00e1t jutott Marp\u00e1hoz, majd Milarep\u00e1hoz.<\/p><p>A Nyingma-iskola Dzogchen-tan\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t\u00f3l elt\u00e9r\u0151en, amellyel a Mahamudra filoz\u00f3fiailag szorosan rokon, a Mahamudra-gyakorlat a fogalmi megismer\u00e9st\u0151l fokozatosan halad a szellem term\u00e9szet\u00e9nek k\u00f6zvetlen megismer\u00e9s\u00e9ig a Shamatha (szellemi nyugalom) \u00e9s a Vipashyana (bel\u00e1t\u00e1s) \u00fatj\u00e1n.<\/p><p>A &#8222;Mahamudra n\u00e9gy j\u00f3g\u00e1ja&#8221; &#8211; az egypont\u00fa \u00f6sszegy\u0171jt\u00f6tts\u00e9g, a nem-konstru\u00e1l\u00e1s, az egyetlen \u00edz \u00e9s a nem-meditat\u00edv megval\u00f3s\u00edt\u00e1s &#8211; a k\u00f6zponti fokozatos sorozatnak sz\u00e1m\u00edt. David Jackson (&#8222;Enlightenment by a Single Means&#8221;, B\u00e9cs 1994) \u00e1tfog\u00f3an vizsg\u00e1lta a Mahamudra-hagyom\u00e1nyt a gelug Lam Rim hagyom\u00e1ny\u00e1val \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edtva.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-adcdb10 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"adcdb10\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daa12c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daa12c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Milarepa a modern irodalomban \u00e9s m\u0171v\u00e9szetben<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7f003a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f7f003a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Milarepa sz\u00e9lesk\u00f6r\u0171 hat\u00e1st\u00f6rt\u00e9netet fejtett ki a nyugati irodalomban \u00e9s k\u00e9pz\u0151m\u0171v\u00e9szetben. Eric Frechette 1968-ban franci\u00e1ra ford\u00edtotta a &#8222;Sz\u00e1zezer \u00e9neket&#8221;. Lobsang Lhalungpa 1977-ben nagy visszhangot kiv\u00e1lt\u00f3 angol ford\u00edt\u00e1st k\u00e9sz\u00edtett az \u00e9letrajzb\u00f3l. A bhut\u00e1ni filmrendez\u0151 Neten Chokling 2006-ban k\u00e9tr\u00e9szes &#8222;Milarepa&#8221; filmet forgatott, amely az ifj\u00fakort \u00e9s a megszabadul\u00e1s \u00fatj\u00e1t mutatja be.<\/p><p>Aldo Walker sv\u00e1jci fest\u0151 \u00e9s Robert Beer amerikai buddhista m\u0171v\u00e9sz Milarepa-portr\u00e9kat alkottak, amelyek a hagyom\u00e1nyos tibeti el\u0151k\u00e9pekre t\u00e1maszkodnak. A modern tibeti diaszp\u00f3ra Milarep\u00e1t egy olyan spiritualit\u00e1s azonosul\u00e1si alakj\u00e1v\u00e1 tette, amely a szerzetesi fegyelem \u00e9s a j\u00f3gi \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3s\u00e1g k\u00f6z\u00f6tt k\u00f6zvet\u00edt.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2207bde e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2207bde\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f7a869 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0f7a869\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Gyakori k\u00e9rd\u00e9sek<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86a39e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"86a39e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>T\u00f6rt\u00e9neti szem\u00e9ly volt-e Milarepa?<\/strong> Igen. \u00c9letadatait \u00e1ltal\u00e1nosan kb. 1052-1135-re teszik, b\u00e1r egyes r\u00e9szletek vitatottak. Andrew Quintman a &#8222;The Yogin and the Madman&#8221; c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban r\u00e9szletesen vizsg\u00e1lta a forr\u00e1shelyzet t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti megb\u00edzhat\u00f3s\u00e1g\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mik Naropa hat j\u00f3g\u00e1ja?<\/strong> Tantrikus j\u00f3gigyakorlatok rendszere, amely a bels\u0151 h\u0151t, a tiszta f\u00e9nytestet, az \u00e1lomj\u00f3g\u00e1t, a bardo-j\u00f3g\u00e1t, a tudat\u00e1tvitelt \u00e9s az illuz\u00f3rikus test gyakorlat\u00e1t foglalja mag\u00e1ban. A Kagy\u00fc-iskol\u00e1k k\u00f6zponti gyakorlati vonal\u00e1t alkotj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mi\u00e9rt volt z\u00f6ldes Milarepa?<\/strong> Az \u00e9letrajz szerint \u00e9vtizedeken \u00e1t szinte kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag vadcsal\u00e1nnal t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkozott, ami \u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3lag elsz\u00ednezte test\u00e9t. Hogy ez pontosan \u00edgy t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt-e, nem bizonyos; a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Visszat\u00e9r\u0151 tartalmi elem a m\u0171v\u00e9szetben vagy az elbesz\u00e9l\u00e9sben.\" tabindex=\"0\">mot\u00edvum<\/span> mindenesetre sz\u00e9ls\u0151s\u00e9ges aszk\u00e9zis\u00e9t hangs\u00falyozza.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kik voltak Milarepa legfontosabb tan\u00edtv\u00e1nyai?<\/strong> Gampopa S\u00f6nam Rinchen (1079-1153), aki a Kagy\u00fc-iskol\u00e1k szerzetesi vonal\u00e1t megalapozta, \u00e9s Rechungpa (1085-1161), aki a nem szerzetesi j\u00f3gi-hagyom\u00e1nyt vitte tov\u00e1bb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Milarepa, tibeti j\u00f3gi \u00e9s szent Milarepa tibeti j\u00f3gi \u00e9s szent, akinek \u00e9let\u00fatja a s\u00falyos b\u0171nt\u0151l a megvil\u00e1gosod\u00e1sig p\u00e9ldak\u00e9pk\u00e9nt szolg\u00e1l. Milarepa (tibet\u00fcl Mila Repa, &#8222;a gyapotba \u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00f6tt Mila&#8221;, kb. 1052-1135) a tibeti vall\u00e1st\u00f6rt\u00e9net egyik legismertebb j\u00f3gija. Padmasambhav\u00e1val ellent\u00e9tben t\u00f6rt\u00e9netileg megfoghat\u00f3 szem\u00e9lyr\u0151l van sz\u00f3, akinek \u00e9letrajz\u00e1t ugyanakkor vall\u00e1st\u00f6rt\u00e9netileg er\u0151sen stiliz\u00e1lt\u00e1k. A Kagy\u00fc-iskola meghat\u00e1roz\u00f3 tan\u00edt\u00f3jak\u00e9nt tartj\u00e1k sz\u00e1mon, versei [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3276,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Milarepa","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Milarepa - Tibeti j\u00f3gi \u00e9s szent | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Milarepa (1052-1135) Tibet legh\u00edresebb j\u00f3gija \u00e9s k\u00f6lt\u0151je, Marpa tan\u00edtv\u00e1nya, a Kagy\u00fc-vonal megalap\u00edt\u00f3ja. A fekete m\u00e1gi\u00e1t\u00f3l a buddhas\u00e1gig.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-52100","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Milarepa - Tibeti j\u00f3gi \u00e9s szent | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Milarepa (1052-1135) Tibet legh\u00edresebb j\u00f3gija \u00e9s k\u00f6lt\u0151je, Marpa tan\u00edtv\u00e1nya, a Kagy\u00fc-vonal megalap\u00edt\u00f3ja. 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