{"id":52051,"date":"2026-07-30T13:53:21","date_gmt":"2026-07-30T13:53:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/laozi-2\/"},"modified":"2026-07-30T13:53:51","modified_gmt":"2026-07-30T13:53:51","slug":"laozi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/","title":{"rendered":"Laozi"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"52051\" class=\"elementor elementor-52051 elementor-3065\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-345170e e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"345170e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff235dd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ff235dd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fb6ac8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8fb6ac8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc68772 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bc68772\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Laozi, a taoizmus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-359f20b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"359f20b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Laozi (\u8001\u5b50, m\u00e1s \u00e1t\u00edr\u00e1sban Lao-tzu, Lao-tse) a k\u00ednai hagyom\u00e1nyban a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"K\u00ednai vall\u00e1sb\u00f6lcseleti hagyom\u00e1ny, amely a Tao, vagyis az \u00dat elv\u00e9hez igazodik.\" tabindex=\"0\">taoizmus<\/span> alap\u00edt\u00f3jak\u00e9nt \u00e9s a Daodejing legend\u00e1s szerz\u0151jek\u00e9nt szerepel; a Daodejing a k\u00ednai vall\u00e1s- \u00e9s filoz\u00f3fiat\u00f6rt\u00e9net egyik legbefoly\u00e1sosabb sz\u00f6vege.<\/p><p>T\u00f6rt\u00e9neti l\u00e9tez\u00e9se a modern kutat\u00e1sban vitatott; \u00e9let\u00e9r\u0151l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 forr\u00e1sok sz\u0171k\u00f6sek, ellentmond\u00e1sosak \u00e9s r\u00e9szben m\u00edtoszokkal \u00e1tsz\u0151ttek. A Laozi vall\u00e1studom\u00e1nyos vizsg\u00e1lata ma m\u00e1r kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 a t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti szem\u00e9lyre, mint ink\u00e1bb a neki tulajdon\u00edtott sz\u00f6vegek hat\u00e1st\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9re \u00e9s a k\u00e9s\u0151bbi istenn\u00e9 v\u00e1l\u00e1s folyamat\u00e1ra ir\u00e1nyul.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec1d295 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ec1d295\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d78c6a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"d78c6a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Isten \/ Istenn\u0151: Egy kult\u00fara panteonj\u00e1nak megszem\u00e9lyes\u00edtett legf\u0151bb hatalma, j\u00f3l meghat\u00e1rozott hat\u00e1sk\u00f6r\u00f6kkel: term\u00e9szeti er\u0151k, sors, h\u00e1bor\u00fa, term\u00e9kenys\u00e9g. Kultuszok, \u00e1ldozatok \u00e9s templomi int\u00e9zm\u00e9nyek r\u00e9v\u00e9n tisztelik.\">Isten<\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3280e9a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3280e9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78f4bb5 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"78f4bb5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Ezen az oldalon nem tal\\u00e1lhat\\u00f3 c\\u00edmsor.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTartalomjegyz\u00e9k\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__78f4bb5\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__78f4bb5\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__78f4bb5\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6d504f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a6d504f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf9f9ad iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cf9f9ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_daoismus_laozi-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3217\" alt=\"Laozi - G\u00f6tter aus der Daoismus-Tradition, historisch-illustrativ\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_daoismus_laozi-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_daoismus_laozi-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_daoismus_laozi-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_daoismus_laozi.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5250054 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5250054\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b7d392 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7b7d392\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b0015f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b0015f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti szem\u00e9lyre vonatkoz\u00f3 forr\u00e1shelyzet<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c2b50b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0c2b50b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Laozi legr\u00e9szletesebb <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"A g\u00f6r\u00f6g \u00e9s r\u00f3mai kult\u00fara korszaka, k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl Kr. e. 800-t\u00f3l Kr. u. 600-ig.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u00f3kori<\/span> \u00e9letrajza Sima Qian Shiji (&#8222;A t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00edr\u00f3 feljegyz\u00e9sei&#8221;) c\u00edm\u0171 m\u0171v\u00e9ben olvashat\u00f3, amelyet Kr. e. 90 k\u00f6r\u00fcl fejeztek be. Sima Qian h\u00e1rom k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 v\u00e1ltozatot k\u00f6z\u00f6l Laozir\u00f3l, \u00e9s maga is bevallja, hogy nem tudja, melyik igaz.<\/p><p>A legn\u00e9pszer\u0171bb v\u00e1ltozat szerint Laozi a keleti Csou-dinasztia udvar\u00e1nak tiszts\u00e9gvisel\u0151je volt, aki Kr. e. 6. sz\u00e1zadban k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rosk\u00e9nt vagy lev\u00e9lt\u00e1rosk\u00e9nt tev\u00e9kenykedett.<\/p><p>\u00c1ll\u00edt\u00f3lag tal\u00e1lkozott a fiatal Konfuciusszal (Kr. e. 551-479), \u00e9s tan\u00edt\u00e1st adott a k\u00e9s\u0151bbi mesternek. V\u00e9g\u00fcl Laozi, ki\u00e1br\u00e1ndulva a birodalom hanyatl\u00e1s\u00e1t\u00f3l, elhagyta az orsz\u00e1got nyugat fel\u00e9, \u00e9s Yinxi hat\u00e1r\u0151r k\u00e9r\u00e9s\u00e9re a Han-ku-h\u00e1g\u00f3n\u00e1l 5000 \u00edr\u00e1sjellel lejegyezte a Daodecinget.<\/p>\n\n<p>A m\u00e1sodik v\u00e1ltozat Laozit Lao Laizivel azonos\u00edtja, a Csou-kori taoizmus egy m\u00e1sik tan\u00edt\u00f3j\u00e1val. A harmadik v\u00e1ltozat mintegy 100 \u00e9vvel k\u00e9s\u0151bbre helyezi \u0151t. Ezek a p\u00e1rhuzamos v\u00e1ltozatok azt mutatj\u00e1k, hogy Sima Qiannak nem \u00e1lltak rendelkez\u00e9s\u00e9re megb\u00edzhat\u00f3 \u00e9letrajzi adatok, \u00e9s az anyagot k\u00fcl\u00f6nf\u00e9le sz\u00f3beli \u00e9s \u00edr\u00e1sos hagyom\u00e1nyokb\u00f3l \u00e1ll\u00edtotta \u00f6ssze.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Hans-Georg M\u00f6ller a Laotse (1995) \u00e9s a The Philosophy of the Daodejing (2006) c\u00edm\u0171 m\u0171veiben kimutatta, hogy Sima Qian sz\u0171k\u00f6s adatai ink\u00e1bb legend\u00e1s, mint t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti tartalommal b\u00edrnak.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6257dc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c6257dc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad033e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ad033e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Historit\u00e1s a modern kutat\u00e1sban<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28596d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28596d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>A modern szinol\u00f3giai kutat\u00e1s intenz\u00edven vitatja Laozi historit\u00e1s\u00e1nak k\u00e9rd\u00e9s\u00e9t. Russell Kirkland a Taoism: The Enduring Tradition (2004) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban kritikus \u00e1ll\u00e1spontot k\u00e9pvisel, amely szerint Laozi mint t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti szem\u00e9ly alig megfoghat\u00f3, \u00e9s a neki tulajdon\u00edtott sz\u00f6vegek ink\u00e1bb taoista szeml\u00e9let\u0171 tud\u00f3sok t\u00f6bb gener\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1nak alkot\u00e1sai.<\/span><\/p><p>Ezt az \u00e1ll\u00e1spontot a sz\u00f6vegt\u00f6rt\u00e9neti kutat\u00e1s is al\u00e1t\u00e1masztja: a Daodejing mai meg\u00edt\u00e9l\u00e9s szerint nem egys\u00e9gesen szerzett m\u0171, hanem kompill\u00e1ci\u00f3, amelynek legkor\u00e1bbi r\u00e9tegei a Kr. e. 4. vagy 3. sz\u00e1zadig ny\u00falnak vissza.<\/p>\n\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Az 1993-ban Guodianban (Hubei tartom\u00e1ny) felt\u00e1rt bambuszsz\u00f6vegek a Daodejing egy korai v\u00e1ltozat\u00e1nak t\u00f6red\u00e9keit tartalmazt\u00e1k, amelyeket a Kr. e. 4. sz\u00e1zad v\u00e9g\u00e9re dat\u00e1lnak. Ezek a leletek \u00faj \u00e9letet adtak a sz\u00f6veg keletkez\u00e9st\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9r\u0151l foly\u00f3 vit\u00e1nak, \u00e9s azt mutatj\u00e1k, hogy a Daodejinget t\u00f6bb \u00e9vsz\u00e1zadon \u00e1t szerkesztett\u00e9k \u00e9s b\u0151v\u00edtett\u00e9k.<\/span><\/p><p>Egyetlen t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti szerz\u0151i szem\u00e9lyis\u00e9g felt\u00e9telez\u00e9se ez\u00e9rt val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171tlen. Az a hagyom\u00e1ny, amely a m\u0171vet Laozinak tulajdon\u00edtja, egy tipikus k\u00ednai mint\u00e1t k\u00f6vet: a pszeudepigrafikus hozz\u00e1rendel\u00e9st egy legend\u00e1s alap\u00edt\u00f3hoz.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa1cda e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6fa1cda\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72671cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"72671cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A Daodejing<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed9666a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed9666a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A Daodejing (&#8222;Az \u00fat \u00e9s az er\u00e9ny klasszikusa&#8221;) 81 r\u00f6vid fejezetb\u0151l \u00e1ll\u00f3 sz\u00f6veg, amely k\u00f6lt\u0151i, aforisztikus form\u00e1ban fejti ki az alapvet\u0151 taoista fogalmakat.<\/p><p>A k\u00f6zponti fogalmak: &#8222;Tao&#8221; (\u00fat, az eredeti kozmikus val\u00f3s\u00e1g), &#8222;De&#8221; (er\u00e9ny, bels\u0151 er\u0151), &#8222;Wuwei&#8221; (nem-cselekv\u00e9s, er\u0151ltet\u00e9s n\u00e9lk\u00fcli hat\u00e1s), &#8222;Ziran&#8221; (term\u00e9szetess\u00e9g, mag\u00e1t\u00f3l-\u00edgy-lev\u00e9s) \u00e9s &#8222;Pu&#8221; (a faragatlan fa, eredeti egyszer\u0171s\u00e9g). Ezek a fogalmak egy\u00fctt alkotnak egy filoz\u00f3fiai \u00e9s vall\u00e1si rendszert, amelyet sz\u00e1mos k\u00e9s\u0151bbi komment\u00e1r tov\u00e1bb fejlesztett.<\/p>\n\n<p>A Daodejing legfontosabb klasszikus komment\u00e1rjai Wang Bit\u0151l (226-249) \u00e9s Heshang Gongt\u00f3l (Kr. e. 1. sz\u00e1zad vagy Kr. u. 2. sz\u00e1zad) sz\u00e1rmaznak. Mindketten elt\u00e9r\u0151 \u00e9rtelmez\u00e9st k\u00e9pviselnek: Wang Bi filoz\u00f3fiai-ontol\u00f3giai olvasatban, Heshang Gong vall\u00e1sos-gyakorlati szeml\u00e9letben, medit\u00e1ci\u00f3ra \u00e9s l\u00e9gz\u00e9stechnik\u00e1kra hivatkozva olvassa a sz\u00f6veget.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>A filoz\u00f3fiai \u00e9s a vall\u00e1sos olvasat k\u00f6z\u00f6tti fesz\u00fclts\u00e9g a Daodejing recepci\u00f3j\u00e1t a mai napig meghat\u00e1rozza. Livia Kohn a Daoism and Chinese Culture (2001) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban kimutatta, hogy a sz\u00f6veg kett\u0151s term\u00e9szete teszi lehet\u0151v\u00e9 rendk\u00edv\u00fcli hat\u00e1s\u00e1t a legk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151bb kultur\u00e1lis kontextusokban.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ba74c9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0ba74c9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c62d4e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c62d4e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Laozi istenn\u00e9 v\u00e1l\u00e1sa<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c669a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4c669a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kr. u. 2. sz\u00e1zadban kezd\u0151d\u00f6tt meg Laozi vall\u00e1si istenn\u00e9 emel\u00e9se. A korai taoista Tianshi-iskol\u00e1ban (&#8222;\u00c9gi mesterek&#8221;), amelyet Zhang Daoling alap\u00edtott Kr. u. 142 k\u00f6r\u00fcl, Laozit \u00e9gi tan\u00edt\u00f3k\u00e9nt \u00e9s a Tao megnyilv\u00e1nul\u00e1sak\u00e9nt tisztelt\u00e9k.<\/p><p>\u00c1ll\u00edt\u00f3lag egy l\u00e1tom\u00e1sban jelent meg Zhang Daolingnak, \u00e9s \u00e1tadta neki a szent sz\u00f6vegeket. Laozi ezzel nem csup\u00e1n legend\u00e1s filoz\u00f3fus maradt, hanem akt\u00edv vall\u00e1si funkci\u00f3val rendelkez\u0151 kozmikus alakk\u00e1 v\u00e1lt.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ezt az istenn\u00e9 emel\u00e9st a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 \u00e9vsz\u00e1zadok sor\u00e1n tov\u00e1bb \u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k ki. A Tang-kori (618-907) <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"K\u00ednai vall\u00e1sb\u00f6lcseleti hagyom\u00e1ny, amely a Tao, vagyis az \u00dat elv\u00e9hez igazodik.\" tabindex=\"0\">taoizmusban<\/span> Laozit Taishang Laojunk\u00e9nt (&#8222;A legf\u0151bb \u00f6reg \u00far&#8221;) tisztelt\u00e9k, a taoista panteon h\u00e1rom f\u0151istens\u00e9g\u00e9nek egyikek\u00e9nt Yuanshi Tianzun (&#8222;Az \u00e9gi kezdet m\u00e9lt\u00f3s\u00e1gvisel\u0151je&#8221;) \u00e9s Lingbao Tianzun (&#8222;A szent kincs \u00e9gi m\u00e9lt\u00f3s\u00e1gvisel\u0151je&#8221;) mellett.<\/p><p>Ebben a form\u00e1ban Laozi mind a mai napig jelen van K\u00edna, Tajvan \u00e9s Hongkong taoista templomaiban.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d4e0da5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d4e0da5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b11b74c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b11b74c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Laozi \u00e9s a cs\u00e1sz\u00e1ri politika<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94e71dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"94e71dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Laozi k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges szerepet j\u00e1tszott a cs\u00e1sz\u00e1ri politik\u00e1ban. A Tang-dinasztia cs\u00e1sz\u00e1rai, akik a Li csal\u00e1dnevet viselt\u00e9k, geneal\u00f3giai lesz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1st k\u00f6veteltek maguknak Laozib\u00f3l, akinek \u00e1ll\u00edt\u00f3lag szint\u00e9n Li volt a csal\u00e1dneve.<\/p><p>Ezt a geneal\u00f3giai konstrukci\u00f3t a Tang-dinasztia ideol\u00f3giai alapjak\u00e9nt haszn\u00e1lt\u00e1k, \u00e9s ez \u00e1llami t\u00e1mogat\u00e1shoz vezette a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"K\u00ednai vall\u00e1sb\u00f6lcseleti hagyom\u00e1ny, amely a Tao, vagyis az \u00dat elv\u00e9hez igazodik.\" tabindex=\"0\">taoizmust<\/span>. Xuanzong cs\u00e1sz\u00e1r (712-756) Laozinak a &#8222;Felmagasztalt Szent \u0150s, az \u00d6r\u00f6k, Hatalmas Er\u00e9ny\u0171 \u00c9gi \u00dar&#8221; c\u00edmet adom\u00e1nyozta, \u00e9s elrendelte, hogy a Daodejing k\u00f6telez\u0151 olvasm\u00e1ny legyen az \u00e1llami vizsg\u00e1kon.<\/p>\n\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Florian Reiter a The Aspirations and Standards of Taoist Priests in the Early Tang Period (1998) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban kimutatta, milyen szoros kapcsolat \u00e1llt fenn Laozi vall\u00e1si tisztelete \u00e9s a Tang-dinasztia politikai \u00f6nreprezent\u00e1ci\u00f3ja k\u00f6z\u00f6tt.<\/span><\/p><p>A cs\u00e1sz\u00e1ri t\u00e1mogat\u00e1s a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"K\u00ednai vall\u00e1sb\u00f6lcseleti hagyom\u00e1ny, amely a Tao, vagyis az \u00dat elv\u00e9hez igazodik.\" tabindex=\"0\">taoizmus<\/span> vir\u00e1gkor\u00e1hoz, sz\u00e1mos <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Egy vagy t\u00f6bb istens\u00e9g tisztelet\u00e9re emelt \u00e9p\u00fclet.\" tabindex=\"0\">templom<\/span> fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s a taoista <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Meghat\u00e1rozott vall\u00e1si cselekv\u00e9si rendhez tartoz\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">liturgia<\/span> egys\u00e9ges\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9hez vezetett. Ez a politikai ig\u00e9nybev\u00e9tel tart\u00f3san meghat\u00e1rozta Laozi k\u00e9p\u00e9t, \u00e9s megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6zteti recepci\u00f3j\u00e1t a konfucianizmus kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 int\u00e9zm\u00e9nyes\u00edtett vonal\u00e1t\u00f3l.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f33cd7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7f33cd7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-518d1c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"518d1c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Vall\u00e1studom\u00e1nyos besorol\u00e1s<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-357732f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"357732f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A vall\u00e1studom\u00e1nyi kutat\u00e1sban k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9get tesznek a &#8222;filoz\u00f3fiai <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"K\u00ednai vall\u00e1sb\u00f6lcseleti hagyom\u00e1ny, amely a Tao, vagyis az \u00dat elv\u00e9hez igazodik.\" tabindex=\"0\">taoizmus<\/span>&#8221; (Daojia) \u00e9s a &#8222;vall\u00e1si <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"K\u00ednai vall\u00e1sb\u00f6lcseleti hagyom\u00e1ny, amely a Tao, vagyis az \u00dat elv\u00e9hez igazodik.\" tabindex=\"0\">taoizmus<\/span>&#8221; (Daojiao) k\u00f6z\u00f6tt; ez a megk\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztet\u00e9s a Han-kort\u00f3l (Kr. e. 206 &#8211; Kr. u. 220) haszn\u00e1latos. Ez az elhat\u00e1rol\u00e1s azonban problematikus, mivel a k\u00e9t ir\u00e1nyzat a t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti val\u00f3s\u00e1gban egym\u00e1sba folyik \u00e1t.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Isabelle Robinet a Taoism: Growth of a Religion (1997) \u00e9s Harold Roth az Original Tao (1999) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban megmutatta, hogy a szigor\u00fa elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00edt\u00e9s nem t\u00fckr\u00f6zi megfelel\u0151en a t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti t\u00e9nyeket. A Daodejing is tartalmaz medit\u00e1ci\u00f3s gyakorlatra utal\u00f3 szakaszokat, m\u00edg a vall\u00e1sos ir\u00e1nyzatok k\u00f6zponti szerepet sz\u00e1nnak a filoz\u00f3fiai fogalmaknak.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<p>Volker Olles szecsu\u00e1ni <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"K\u00ednai vall\u00e1sb\u00f6lcseleti hagyom\u00e1ny, amely a Tao, vagyis az \u00dat elv\u00e9hez igazodik.\" tabindex=\"0\">taoizmusr\u00f3l<\/span> sz\u00f3l\u00f3 munk\u00e1iban dokument\u00e1lta a Laozi-tisztelet region\u00e1lis sokf\u00e9les\u00e9g\u00e9t. Egyes r\u00e9gi\u00f3kban Laozit kozmikus elvk\u00e9nt tisztelik, m\u00e1shol konkr\u00e9t hat\u00e1sk\u00f6r\u00f6kkel rendelkez\u0151 szem\u00e9lyes <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Egy vall\u00e1son bel\u00fcl istenik\u00e9nt tisztelt l\u00e9ny.\" tabindex=\"0\">istens\u00e9gk\u00e9nt<\/span> (gy\u00f3gy\u00edt\u00e1s, v\u00e9delem, gazdags\u00e1g).<\/p><p>Ez a sokf\u00e9les\u00e9g azt mutatja, hogy a <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"K\u00ednai vall\u00e1sb\u00f6lcseleti hagyom\u00e1ny, amely a Tao, vagyis az \u00dat elv\u00e9hez igazodik.\" tabindex=\"0\">taoizmus<\/span> nem z\u00e1rt vall\u00e1s, hanem sz\u00e9les vall\u00e1si hagyom\u00e1ny sz\u00e1mos ir\u00e1nyzattal \u00e9s helyi v\u00e1ltozattal.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e31b6ff e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e31b6ff\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f4de1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f4de1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Laozi \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1sban<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6ed944 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d6ed944\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Laozi \u00e9s m\u00e1s vall\u00e1si hagyom\u00e1nyok nagy alap\u00edt\u00f3inak (Konfuciusz, Buddha, Sz\u00f3krat\u00e9sz) \u00f6sszehasonl\u00edt\u00e1sa a kutat\u00e1sban id\u0151nk\u00e9nt felmer\u00fcl, de m\u00f3dszertanilag k\u00e9nyes. Hans-Georg M\u00f6ller r\u00e1mutatott, hogy az egyetlen alap\u00edt\u00f3 k\u00e9pzete, amely a nyugati vall\u00e1sokban meghat\u00e1roz\u00f3, a k\u00ednai hagyom\u00e1nyban nem ugyan\u00fagy \u00e9rv\u00e9nyes.<\/p><p>Laozi kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 alap\u00edt\u00f3 J\u00e9zus vagy Mohamed \u00e9rtelm\u00e9ben, ink\u00e1bb legend\u00e1s szimb\u00f3lum, amely egy meghat\u00e1rozott hagyom\u00e1nyt k\u00e9pvisel, an\u00e9lk\u00fcl hogy azt akt\u00edvan \u00e9letre h\u00edvta volna.<\/p>\n\n<p>A k\u00ednai hagyom\u00e1nyon bel\u00fcl Laozi egy sorban \u00e1ll Zhuangzival (Kr. e. 4. sz\u00e1zad), a m\u00e1sodik nagy taoista szerz\u0151vel, akinek azonos nev\u0171 m\u0171ve, a Zhuangzi szint\u00e9n alapvet\u0151 jelent\u0151s\u00e9g\u0171.<\/p><p>Mindkett\u0151j\u00fcket gyakran a klasszikus <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"K\u00ednai vall\u00e1sb\u00f6lcseleti hagyom\u00e1ny, amely a Tao, vagyis az \u00dat elv\u00e9hez igazodik.\" tabindex=\"0\">taoizmus<\/span> alap\u00edt\u00f3ik\u00e9nt emlegetik. Hans-Georg M\u00f6ller \u00e9s Harold Roth kimutatta, hogy a k\u00e9t sz\u00f6veg elt\u00e9r\u0151 filoz\u00f3fiai hangs\u00falyokat helyez el, de k\u00f6z\u00f6s alapfogalmakat haszn\u00e1l, \u00e9s k\u00f6lcs\u00f6n\u00f6sen komment\u00e1lja egym\u00e1st.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ae790a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6ae790a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4f2ade elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f4f2ade\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A mawangdui \u00e9s guodiani k\u00e9ziratok<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcdec89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fcdec89\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>A Daodejing sz\u00f6vegt\u00f6rt\u00e9neti kutat\u00e1s\u00e1t k\u00e9t 20. sz\u00e1zadi r\u00e9g\u00e9szeti lelet alapvet\u0151en megv\u00e1ltoztatta. 1973-ban k\u00ednai r\u00e9g\u00e9szek a csangsa melletti Mawangdui 3. s\u00edrj\u00e1ban (Hunan tartom\u00e1ny) k\u00e9t selyemk\u00e9ziraton tal\u00e1lt\u00e1k meg a sz\u00f6veget, amelyeket Kr. e. 168-ra dat\u00e1lnak.<\/span><\/p><p>A &#8222;Mawangdui A&#8221; \u00e9s &#8222;Mawangdui B&#8221; v\u00e1ltozatokban a f\u0151r\u00e9szek sorrendje a k\u00e9s\u0151i standardsz\u00f6veghez k\u00e9pest ford\u00edtott: a &#8222;De-r\u00e9sz&#8221; (a standardsz\u00f6veg 38-81. fejezete) megel\u0151zi a &#8222;Tao-r\u00e9szt&#8221; (1-37. fejezet).<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>A szinol\u00f3gia ezt a leletet a standardsz\u00f6veget megel\u0151z\u0151 kor\u00e1bbi redakci\u00f3 jelz\u00e9sek\u00e9nt \u00e9rtelmezi. Robert G. Henricks a Lao-Tzu. Te-Tao Ching (New York, 1989) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban teljes angol ford\u00edt\u00e1st k\u00e9sz\u00edtett a mawangdui v\u00e1ltozatokr\u00f3l kritikai appar\u00e1tussal, \u00e9s 130 l\u00e9nyeges olvasati elt\u00e9r\u00e9sre mutatott r\u00e1 a Wang Bi-f\u00e9le vulg\u00e1t\u00e1hoz k\u00e9pest.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>A m\u00e1sodik kulcslelet az 1993-ban Guodianban (szint\u00e9n Hunan tartom\u00e1ny) felt\u00e1rt bambuszcs\u00edkok, amelyek egy k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl Kr. e. 300-ra dat\u00e1lt s\u00edrb\u00f3l ker\u00fcltek el\u0151.<\/p><p>H\u00e1rom k\u00f6tegben a Daodejing-sz\u00f6veg mintegy k\u00e9t\u00f6t\u00f6d\u00e9t tartalmazz\u00e1k, m\u00e9g nem k\u00e9t r\u00e9szre tagolt form\u00e1ban. Ezt a v\u00e1ltozatot ma a Daodejing-komplexus legr\u00e9gebbi anyagi sz\u00f6vegtan\u00fajak\u00e9nt tartj\u00e1k sz\u00e1mon. Robert Henricks a Lao Tzu&#8217;s Tao Te Ching.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>A Translation of the Startling New Documents Found at Guodian (New York, 2000) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban filol\u00f3giai els\u0151 kiad\u00e1st tett k\u00f6zz\u00e9; Sarah Allan \u00e9s Crispin Williams a The Guodian Laozi (Berkeley, 2000) tanulm\u00e1nyk\u00f6tetben t\u00e1rgyalt\u00e1k a dat\u00e1l\u00e1si k\u00e9rd\u00e9s m\u00f3dszertani k\u00f6vetkezm\u00e9nyeit.<\/span><\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Harold D. Roth az Original Tao (New York, 1999) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban kimutatta, hogy a guodiani bambuszcs\u00edkok a Daodejing-sz\u00f6veget a korai meditat\u00edv-kozmol\u00f3giai reflexi\u00f3 egy sz\u00e9lesebb \u00e1ramlat\u00e1nak r\u00e9szek\u00e9nt helyezik el, amelynek nyomai a Neiyeben \u00e9s a Heguanziban is fellelhet\u0151k.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f70d31 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f70d31\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-477e1e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"477e1e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Komment\u00e1rhagyom\u00e1ny \u00e9s vall\u00e1si elsaj\u00e1t\u00edt\u00e1s<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d530ab5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d530ab5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A Daodejing produkt\u00edv hat\u00e1st\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9t els\u0151sorban komment\u00e1rhagyom\u00e1nya tartja fenn.<\/p><p>H\u00e1rom komment\u00e1rt tart a szinol\u00f3gia <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gy\u0171jt\u0151fogalom olyan tan\u00edt\u00e1sok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra, amelyek rejtett, csak beavatottak sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra hozz\u00e1f\u00e9rhet\u0151 tud\u00e1st ig\u00e9nyelnek.\" tabindex=\"0\">kanonikusnak<\/span>. A &#8222;Heshanggong-komment\u00e1r&#8221; (&#8222;Lao-tse-komment\u00e1r a foly\u00f3parti mestert\u0151l&#8221;), amelyet hagyom\u00e1nyosan a Han-korra dat\u00e1lnak (val\u00f3j\u00e1ban feltehet\u0151leg a Kr. u. 1-2. sz\u00e1zad), a sz\u00f6veget a testi \u00f6nkultiviz\u00e1ci\u00f3 programjak\u00e9nt olvassa, \u00e9s ezzel meghat\u00e1rozza a k\u00e9s\u0151bbi taoista bels\u0151 alk\u00edmia hagyom\u00e1ny\u00e1t (neidan).<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Eduard Erkes 1950-ben az Artibus Asiae foly\u00f3iratban tette k\u00f6zz\u00e9 a Heshanggong-komment\u00e1r els\u0151 rendszeres feldolgoz\u00e1s\u00e1t nyugati nyelven; Alan K. L. Chan a Two Visions of the Way (Albany, 1991) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban a Heshanggong-komment\u00e1rt a m\u00e1sodik kanonikus komment\u00e1rral vetette \u00f6ssze.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ez a m\u00e1sodik komment\u00e1r Wang Bit\u0151l (226-249) sz\u00e1rmazik, a Wei-Jin-kori &#8222;xuanxue&#8221; (&#8222;a miszt\u00e9riumos tan\u00edt\u00e1sa&#8221;) k\u00e9pvisel\u0151j\u00e9t\u0151l, \u00e9s a sz\u00f6veget ontol\u00f3giai-metafizikai ir\u00e1nyba viszi, amelyben a &#8222;semmi&#8221; (&#8222;wu&#8221;) a l\u00e9t ontol\u00f3giai alapjak\u00e9nt olvashat\u00f3.<\/p><p>Wang Bi komment\u00e1rja tart\u00f3san meghat\u00e1rozta a sz\u00f6veg k\u00e9s\u0151bbi k\u00ednai olvasat\u00e1t, \u00e9s a mai standardkiad\u00e1sok t\u00falnyom\u00f3 t\u00f6bbs\u00e9g\u00e9nek alapja.<\/p><p>A harmadik k\u00f6zponti komment\u00e1r a &#8222;Xiang&#8217;er-komment\u00e1r&#8221; (&#8222;Magyar\u00e1zat, r\u00e1d gondolva&#8221;), amely a 2. vagy 3. sz\u00e1zadban keletkezett a korai &#8222;Tianshi&#8221;- (\u00e9gimester-) taoizmus k\u00f6reiben.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Stephen R. Bokenkamp az Early Daoist Scriptures (Berkeley, 1997) c\u00edm\u0171 munk\u00e1j\u00e1ban els\u0151k\u00e9nt ford\u00edtotta le teljesen angolra a Xiang&#8217;er-komment\u00e1rt, \u00e9s kimutatta, hogy Laozi szem\u00e9lyes istens\u00e9gk\u00e9nt, &#8222;Taishang Laojunk\u00e9nt&#8221; val\u00f3 vall\u00e1si elsaj\u00e1t\u00edt\u00e1sa m\u00e1r ebben a r\u00e9tegben teljesen kialakult, \u00e9s nem csup\u00e1n a k\u00e9s\u0151bbi Lingbao- \u00e9s Shangqing-iskol\u00e1kban jelent meg.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-450e76c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"450e76c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11340e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"11340e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nemzetk\u00f6zi recepci\u00f3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eae2959 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eae2959\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A Daodejing a Biblia mellett a vil\u00e1g legt\u00f6bb nyelvre leford\u00edtott k\u00f6nyve. Az els\u0151 eur\u00f3pai ford\u00edt\u00e1sok a 18. sz\u00e1zadb\u00f3l val\u00f3k; a 19. \u00e9s 20. sz\u00e1zadban Richard Wilhelm, James Legge \u00e9s Arthur Waley ford\u00edt\u00f3i munk\u00e1j\u00e1nak k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en a m\u0171 sz\u00e9les nyugati olvas\u00f3k\u00f6z\u00f6ns\u00e9g el\u0151tt v\u00e1lt ismertt\u00e9.<\/p><p>A 20. sz\u00e1zadban Laozi a nyugati filoz\u00f3fi\u00e1ban, a pszichoter\u00e1pi\u00e1s hagyom\u00e1nyban \u00e9s az ezoterikus mozgalomban is jelent\u0151s hat\u00e1st fejtett ki, gyakran er\u0151sen leegyszer\u0171s\u00edtett \u00e9s nyugatiasan \u00e1t\u00e9rtelmezett form\u00e1ban.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ma a Laozi-kutat\u00e1s nemzetk\u00f6zi ter\u00fclet, amelyen k\u00ednai, tajvani, jap\u00e1n, eur\u00f3pai \u00e9s amerikai szinol\u00f3gusok vesznek r\u00e9szt. A dat\u00e1l\u00e1sr\u00f3l, a sz\u00f6vegt\u00f6rt\u00e9netr\u0151l, a filoz\u00f3fiai olvasatr\u00f3l \u00e9s a vall\u00e1si funkci\u00f3r\u00f3l foly\u00f3 vit\u00e1k elevenen \u00e9lnek.<\/p><p>A eddigi kutat\u00e1s egyik tanuls\u00e1ga megfogalmazhat\u00f3: a t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti Laozi k\u00e9rd\u00e9se tal\u00e1n kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 fontos, mint a neki tulajdon\u00edtott sz\u00f6vegek hat\u00e1st\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9nek k\u00e9rd\u00e9se, amelyek a vil\u00e1girodalom \u00e9s a vil\u00e1gvall\u00e1sok t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9nek legmeghat\u00e1roz\u00f3bb alkot\u00e1sai k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartoznak.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Laozi, a taoizmus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja Laozi (\u8001\u5b50, m\u00e1s \u00e1t\u00edr\u00e1sban Lao-tzu, Lao-tse) a k\u00ednai hagyom\u00e1nyban a taoizmus alap\u00edt\u00f3jak\u00e9nt \u00e9s a Daodejing legend\u00e1s szerz\u0151jek\u00e9nt szerepel; a Daodejing a k\u00ednai vall\u00e1s- \u00e9s filoz\u00f3fiat\u00f6rt\u00e9net egyik legbefoly\u00e1sosabb sz\u00f6vege. T\u00f6rt\u00e9neti l\u00e9tez\u00e9se a modern kutat\u00e1sban vitatott; \u00e9let\u00e9r\u0151l sz\u00f3l\u00f3 forr\u00e1sok sz\u0171k\u00f6sek, ellentmond\u00e1sosak \u00e9s r\u00e9szben m\u00edtoszokkal \u00e1tsz\u0151ttek. A Laozi vall\u00e1studom\u00e1nyos vizsg\u00e1lata ma m\u00e1r kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3217,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Laozi","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Laozi - a taoizmus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Laozi a taoizmus mitikus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja \u00e9s a Daodejing szerz\u0151je. Istenk\u00e9nt tisztelik a H\u00e1rom Tiszta egyikek\u00e9nt","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-52051","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Laozi - a taoizmus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Laozi a taoizmus mitikus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja \u00e9s a Daodejing szerz\u0151je. Istenk\u00e9nt tisztelik a H\u00e1rom Tiszta egyikek\u00e9nt\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hu_HU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Laozi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Laozi a taoizmus mitikus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja \u00e9s a Daodejing szerz\u0151je. Istenk\u00e9nt tisztelik a H\u00e1rom Tiszta egyikek\u00e9nt\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-30T13:53:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_daoismus_laozi.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Becs\u00fclt olvas\u00e1si id\u0151\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"13 perc\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/laozi\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/laozi\\\/\",\"name\":\"Laozi - a taoizmus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja | iWell Guard\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/laozi\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/laozi\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_daoismus_laozi.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-30T13:53:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-30T13:53:51+00:00\",\"description\":\"Laozi a taoizmus mitikus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja \u00e9s a Daodejing szerz\u0151je. Istenk\u00e9nt tisztelik a H\u00e1rom Tiszta egyikek\u00e9nt\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/laozi\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hu\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/laozi\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"hu\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/laozi\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_daoismus_laozi.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_daoismus_laozi.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"G\u00f6tter aus der Daoismus-Tradition.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/laozi\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/fooldal\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Laozi\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"hu\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"hu\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Laozi - a taoizmus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja | iWell Guard","description":"Laozi a taoizmus mitikus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja \u00e9s a Daodejing szerz\u0151je. Istenk\u00e9nt tisztelik a H\u00e1rom Tiszta egyikek\u00e9nt","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/","og_locale":"hu_HU","og_type":"article","og_title":"Laozi","og_description":"Laozi a taoizmus mitikus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja \u00e9s a Daodejing szerz\u0151je. Istenk\u00e9nt tisztelik a H\u00e1rom Tiszta egyikek\u00e9nt","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-07-30T13:53:51+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_daoismus_laozi.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Becs\u00fclt olvas\u00e1si id\u0151":"13 perc"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/","name":"Laozi - a taoizmus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja | iWell Guard","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_daoismus_laozi.webp","datePublished":"2026-07-30T13:53:21+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-30T13:53:51+00:00","description":"Laozi a taoizmus mitikus alap\u00edt\u00f3ja \u00e9s a Daodejing szerz\u0151je. Istenk\u00e9nt tisztelik a H\u00e1rom Tiszta egyikek\u00e9nt","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"hu","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"hu","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_daoismus_laozi.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_daoismus_laozi.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"G\u00f6tter aus der Daoismus-Tradition."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/laozi\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/fooldal\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Laozi"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"hu"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"hu","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/52051","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52051"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/52051\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52057,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/52051\/revisions\/52057"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3217"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52051"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52051"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}