{"id":149814,"date":"2026-09-04T05:13:42","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T05:13:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=149814"},"modified":"2026-09-04T05:32:51","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T05:32:51","slug":"dumuzi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/dumuzi\/","title":{"rendered":"Dumuzi"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"149814\" class=\"elementor elementor-149814 elementor-3019 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bff8091 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bff8091\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ab6452 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7ab6452\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c235633 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c235633\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b6d68c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3b6d68c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Dumuzi, mezopotamski bog pastira i vegetacije<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d3da3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d3da3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dumuzi je mezopotamski bog pastira i vegetacije \u010dija smrt i povratak odra\u017eavaju smjenu godi\u0161njih doba. Dumuzi, u akadskom obliku Tammuz, je starim\u200bezopotamski bog pastira, mladi suprug bo\u017eice Inane (I\u0161tar) i sredi\u0161nja figura u pripovijestima o smrti i povratku u starim\u200bezopotamskoj religiji.<\/p><p>Njegov <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predana pri\u010da o bogovima, podrijetlu i poretku svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span>, koji govori o njegovom cikl\u010dnom silasku u podzemni svijet i djelomi\u010dnom povratku u zemlju \u017eivih, ubraja se me\u0111u najimpresivnije tekstove staro-sumerske knji\u017eevnosti i utjecao je na religijske predod\u017ebe cijelog anti\u010dkog Bliskog istoka.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7281f62 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7281f62\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83518db elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"83518db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Bog \/ bo\u017eica: Personificirana najvi\u0161a mo\u0107 u panteonu neke kulture, s jasnim nadle\u017enostima \u2014 prirodne sile, sudbina, rat, plodnost. Po\u0161tovana kroz kultove, \u017ertve i hramske institucije.\">Bog<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/mezopotamija\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Kolijevka dokumentirane religije \u2014 Sumer, Akad, Babilon, Asirija (od oko 3500. pr. Kr. do 330. pr. Kr.).\">Mezopotamija<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec397f2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ec397f2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cc6dd4 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"0cc6dd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na ovoj stranici nisu prona\\u0111eni naslovi.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSadr\u017eaj\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__0cc6dd4\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__0cc6dd4\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__0cc6dd4\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5c46a3 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c5c46a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3c3eae iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e3c3eae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-151442\" alt=\"Dumuzi - bogovi iz mezopotamske tradicije, povijesno-ilustrativno\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_dumuzi.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5200572 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5200572\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-132083b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"132083b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04820bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"04820bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mit i podrijetlo<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-303e748 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"303e748\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dumuzi je u starim-sumerskim tekstovima potvr\u0111en kao bog pastira koji \u0161titi stado, a time i egzistencijalne temelje ruralnog stanovni\u0161tva. Njegovo ime zna\u010di \u201evjerni sin\u201d.<\/p><p>U kraljevskim popisima ranog Sumera navodi se kao mitski kralj Bad-Tibire, jednog od gradova prije velikog potopa. Ta kraljevska pozicija tijesno ga povezuje s politi\u010dkim samorazumijevanjem staro-sumerskih gradova-dr\u017eava.<\/p>\n<p>Njegov najva\u017eniji mitski kontekst je odnos s Inanom, bo\u017eicom ljubavi, rata i plodnosti. U ljubavnim pjesmama \u201eDumuzi i Inana\u201d i \u201eInanina svadba\u201d opisuje se udvaranje i susret dvaju bo\u017eanstava tjelesno-eroti\u010dnim jezikom.<\/p><p>Ti tekstovi va\u017eni su za povijest religije jer razvijaju koncept bra\u010dne alegorije izme\u0111u bogova, u kojoj se isprepli\u0107u godi\u0161nja plodnost i kozmi\u010dki poredak.<\/p>\n<p>Sredi\u0161nja pripovijest o Dumuziju je pjesma \u201eInanin silazak u podzemni svijet\u201d. Inana silazi u kraljevstvo svoje sestre Ere\u0161kigal, tamo biva ubijena i naposljetku ponovno o\u017eivljena, ali samo pod uvjetom da prona\u0111e zamjenu. Ona odabire Dumuzija, koji je bezbri\u017eno sjedio na njezinu prijestolju umjesto da tuguje.<\/p><p>Demoni gala odvla\u010de ga u podzemni svijet. Njegova sestra Ge\u0161tinana, bo\u017eica loze, nudi se da ga zamijeni dio godine, tako da Dumuzi i Ge\u0161tinana godi\u0161nje se smjenjuju izme\u0111u podzemnog svijeta i svijeta \u017eivih.<\/p>\n<p>Ta pripovijest povezana je s agrarnim kalendarom: Dumuzi je smatran mladim bogom vegetacije \u010diji je nestanak u su\u0161nom ljetu bio popra\u0107en glasnim obredima \u017ealovanja, a povratak u prolje\u0107e slavljen sve\u010danostima.<\/p><p>Isto\u010dnosemitski oblik Tammuz dao je ime mjesecu u \u017eidovskom kalendaru, a u biblijskoj Knjizi Ezekiela spominju se \u017eene koje u Jeruzalemu pla\u010du za Tammuzom, \u0161to svjedo\u010di o \u0161irenju kulta izvan Mezopotamije.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72dca9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"72dca9c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c5362d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7c5362d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Simboli i atributi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45a4e3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"45a4e3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dumuzi se u likovnoj umjetnosti prikazuje kao mladi, neobrijani mu\u0161karac sa pastirskim \u0161tapom i stadom janjaca. Na nekim prikazima nosi kratku pretpasku, na drugima sve\u010danu svadbenu odje\u0107u, \u0161to upu\u0107uje na njegovu ulogu u svadbenim obredima s Inanom. Na otiscima pe\u010data \u010desto stoji uz \u017eenu koju rogata kruna i nakit ozna\u010davaju kao Inanu.<\/p>\n<p>Janje je njegova najva\u017enija simboli\u010dka \u017eivotinja. Ono ga obilje\u017eava kao za\u0161titnika ov\u010darstva, koje je imalo sredi\u0161nju ulogu u mezopotamskom gospodarstvu. Vuna, mlijeko i meso bili su va\u017ena gospodarska dobra, zbog \u010dega je bog pastira zauzimao va\u017eno mjesto u <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost bogova jedne religije ili kulture.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteonu<\/span>.<\/p><p>Dumuzijeva bra\u0107a, poput boga zemljoradnje Enkimdua, u staro-sumerskoj raspravi prikazani su kao njegovi suparnici, u kojoj se Inana na kraju odlu\u010duje za pastira.<\/p>\n<p>Vinova loza atribut je koji se prije pripisuje njegovoj sestri Ge\u0161tinani, ali se zbog tijesne mitske povezanosti oboje siblinga prenio i na samog Dumuzija.<\/p><p>U nekim tekstovima Dumuzi se javlja kao poznavatelj vina i darovatelj alkoholnih pi\u0107a. Druge biljke koje mu se pripisuju su vrste trske iz mo\u010dvara, u kojima, prema staro-sumerskoj predaji, tra\u017ei uto\u010di\u0161te od demona gala.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aab866e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"aab866e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d56ca6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d56ca6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kult i \u0161tovanje<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-319c743 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"319c743\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost religijskih obreda \u0161tovanja jednog bo\u017eanstva ili svete pojave.\" tabindex=\"0\">Kult<\/span> Dumuzija imao je dva godi\u0161nja vrhunca: svadbenu sve\u010danost s Inanom u prolje\u0107e i \u017ealobnu sve\u010danost u vrhuncu ljeta.<\/p><p>Na svadbenoj sve\u010danosti, svetom braku ili hieros gamosu, vjerojatno su se izvodila obredna spajanja izme\u0111u sve\u0107enice i vladara, koja su simboli\u010dki predstavljala svadbu Inane i Dumuzija. Ta praksa potvr\u0111ena je za vi\u0161e sumerskih gradova-dr\u017eava, prije svega za Uruk, Isin i Larsu.<\/p>\n<p>\u017dalobna sve\u010danost u vrhuncu ljeta, u mjesecu Du&#8217;uzu (Tammuz), pratila je propadanje vegetacije. \u017dene su javno plakale za pokojnim bogom pastira, pjevale tu\u017ebalice i prinosile male \u017ertvene darove. Ta tradicija \u017ealovanja sa\u010duvana je u knji\u017eevnim tekstovima kao \u201eTu\u017ebalica za Dumuzijem\u201d i \u201eInanine tu\u017ebalice\u201d, neki na veoma poetskom sumerskom jeziku.<\/p>\n<p>U Bad-Tibiri, jednom od staro-sumerskih gradova, Dumuzi je bio gradski bog. Njegov <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namijenjena \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span> bio je E-mu\u0161, \u201eku\u0107a zmije\u201d, \u0161to upu\u0107uje na htonski sloj \u0161tovanja. U Uruku, glavnom kultnom sredi\u0161tu Inane, Dumuzi je \u0161tovan uz nju i uklju\u010den u sve\u010dani obred. Tragovi njegova kulta potvr\u0111eni su i u Akadu, Babilonu i Nipuru.<\/p>\n<p>Isto\u010dnosemitski oblik Tammuz \u0161tovan je u kasnijim vremenima daleko izvan Mezopotamije. Na podru\u010dju Levanta djelomi\u010dno se stopio s Adonisom, gr\u010dkim mladi\u0107em vegetacije.<\/p><p>U feni\u010danskoj i sirijskoj religiji slavile su se usporedive \u017ealobne sve\u010danosti. Mjesec Tammuz u \u017eidovskom kalendaru, u kojem se sje\u0107a i opsade Jeruzalema 17. Tammuza, posljednji je jezi\u010dni trag njegova kulta.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d25eda4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d25eda4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ed01dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1ed01dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Va\u017eni mitovi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af8399e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"af8399e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00abInanin silazak u podzemni svijet\u00bb najva\u017eniji je Dumuzijev <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predaja o bogovima, po\u010decima i poretku svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span>. Inanna odlu\u010duje si\u0107i u podzemni svijet svojoj sestri Ere\u0161kigal, bilo iz tuge zbog smrti Ere\u0161kigalinog supruga, bilo iz nastojanja da vlada podzemnim svijetom.<\/p><p>Mora prije\u0107i sedam vrata, a na svakom od njih ostavlja dio svog nakita i odje\u0107e. Golu i razodjevenu sti\u017ee do Ere\u0161kigalinog prijestolja, koja je odmah ubija. Tri dana i tri no\u0107i njezino tijelo visi na kuki.<\/p><p>S pomo\u0107u Enkija, boga mudrosti, biva o\u017eivljena, ali zakoni podzemnog svijeta zahtijevaju zamjenu. Inanna tra\u017ei po zemlji. Kod Dumuzija ga zati\u010de na svom prijestolju, skupo odjevenog i bez traga tuge zbog njezine smrti. Predaje ga demonima gala.<\/p><p>Dumuzi poku\u0161ava pobje\u0107i, pretvara se u \u017eabu i u zmiju, ali naposljetku biva uhva\u0107en. Njegova sestra Ge\u0161tinana nagovara bogove da preuzme polovicu njegove sudbine, tako da odsad bra\u0107a i sestra u godi\u0161njem ritmu naseljavaju podzemni svijet.<\/p>\n<p>Druga pri\u010da, \u00abSan Dumuzija\u00bb, govori o predosje\u0107aju boga pastira. On sanja o svojoj bliskoj smrti i tra\u017ei uto\u010di\u0161te u stepi, ali ga progone demoni gala i naposljetku ga uhvate.<\/p><p>Njegova sestra Ge\u0161tinana biva prizvana, ali ga ne mo\u017ee spasiti, samo podijeliti njegovu sudbinu. Ova pri\u010da sa\u017eima <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ponavljaju\u0107i sadr\u017eajni element u umjetnosti ili pripovijedanju.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiv<\/span> neizbje\u017ene sudbine i sestrinske vjernosti.<\/p>\n<p>Tre\u0107a pri\u010da je \u00abDumuzi i Enkimdu\u00bb. Inanna treba izabrati izme\u0111u Dumuzija, pastira, i Enkimdua, seljaka. Oboje se natje\u010du za njezinu naklonost, pa dolazi do dijalo\u0161kog spora.<\/p><p>Inanna se, ne bez dvoumljenja, odlu\u010duje za pastira Dumuzija. Ova pri\u010da spada u \u00absporne dijaloge\u00bb, starosumerski knji\u017eevni \u017eanr koji \u010desto usporedno obra\u0111uje dva aspekta gospodarstva.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88e5f91 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"88e5f91\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcfe98f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bcfe98f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Odnosi u panteonu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f511806 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f511806\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dumuzi je sin Sirtur (u nekim tekstovima i Duttur), bo\u017eice ovaca majke, i brat Ge\u0161tinane, bo\u017eice vinove loze. Njegova najva\u017enija veza je ona s Inannom, bo\u017eicom ljubavi i rata. Ta je veza istovremeno erotska, poljoprivredna i kozmi\u010dka te se nalazi u sredi\u0161tu nekoliko mitskih tekstova.<\/p>\n<p>S Ere\u0161kigal, bo\u017eicom podzemnog svijeta i Inaninom sestrom, Dumuzi je povezan samo neizravno, kroz svoju cikli\u010dku prisutnost u njezinom kraljevstvu. S Enkimduom, bogom seljaka, stoji u mitskom rivalstvu, koje u starosumerskoj <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znanstvena nauka o Bogu i vjeri neke religije.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologiji<\/span> ipak ne dovodi do prekida njihove zajedni\u010dke gospodarske funkcije.<\/p>\n<p>U \u0161irem <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Skup svih bogova neke religije ili kulture.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteonu<\/span> Dumuzi s Damuom, drugim bogom lije\u010denja i vegetacije, dijeli mnoga svojstva. U kasnijim tekstovima ta su se dva boga djelomi\u010dno stopila. U sirijsko-zapadnosemitskoj tradiciji izjedna\u010davan je s Adonisom, a u kasnoanti\u010dkom <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stapanje predstava ili bo\u017eanstava iz razli\u010ditih religijskih tradicija.\" tabindex=\"0\">sinkretizmu<\/span> s Ozirisom u usporedivim vegetacijskim mitovima.<\/p>\n<p>Dumuzi je u blisku vezi s Damuom, bogom lije\u010denja iz Isina, \u010dija ga majka Ninisinna oplakuje kao izgubljenog sina. Damuove i Dumuzijeve tu\u017ebalice djelomi\u010dno su me\u0111usobno isprepletene, tako da je te dvije bo\u017eanske pojave nekad te\u0161ko razdvojiti. Ovu pojavu stapanja tu\u017ebalica Mark Cohen i Andrew George tuma\u010de kao posljedicu regionalnog pomicanja liturgije.<\/p>\n<p>S Ningi\u0161zidom, bogom podzemnog svijeta i vratarom Anuove pala\u010de, Dumuzi ima \u010dudnu dvostruku ulogu: obojica se u nekim tekstovima nazivaju vratima Anuovog svijeta i zajedno ih priziv\u0430 Adapa. Ta dvostruka identi\u010dnost izraz je mezopotamske predstave da vrata izme\u0111u \u017eivota i smrti zajedni\u010dki \u010duva nekoliko bogova.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3984e39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3984e39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e65b92e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e65b92e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recepcija i utjecaj<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55ffa98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"55ffa98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predaja o bogovima, podrijetlu i ure\u0111enju svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mit<\/span> o Dumuziju i Inanni ubraja se me\u0111u naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e citirane starome\u00adzopotamske tekstove u modernoj povijesti religija.<\/p><p>James George Frazer je Dumuzija-Tamuza op\u0161irno obradio u svom djelu \u00abThe Golden Bough\u00bb, u kojem ga je analizirao kao primjer umiru\u0107ih i uskrsavaju\u0107ih vegetacijskih bo\u017eanstava uz Adonisa, Atisa i Ozirisa. Ova komparativna konstrukcija danas je metodolo\u0161ki spornija, ali je sna\u017eno obilje\u017eila moderno razumijevanje religije starog Bliskog istoka.<\/p>\n<p>U psihoanaliti\u010dkoj recepciji 20. stolje\u0107a Inannin silazak u podzemni svijet protuma\u010den je kao slika inicijacijskog i procesa zrenja. Sylvia Brinton Perera i drugi tuma\u010dili su tekst kao arhetipsku pri\u010du o \u017eenskoj svijesti.<\/p>\n<p>U popularnoj kulturi Tamuz se pojavljuje u romanima, igrama i glazbenim djelima, \u010desto kao <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Slikovita predstava koja simbolizira apstraktnu ideju.\" tabindex=\"0\">simbol<\/span> izgubljene mladosti ili cikli\u010dne obnove. U biblijskim istra\u017eivanjima Tamuzov <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost religijskih obreda \u0161tovanja bo\u017eanstva ili svete osobe.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> raspravlja se kao pozadina nekoliko oblika \u017ealovanja i tugovanja koji su se poslije prenijeli u \u017eidovsku i kr\u0161\u0107ansku <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Utvr\u0111eni poredak bogoslu\u017eja neke religijske zajednice.\" tabindex=\"0\">liturgiju<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Topos tamuzovske tu\u017ealjke duboko je ukorijenjen u judeo-kr\u0161\u0107anskoj tradiciji. Jeronim u svojem pismu 58 Paulinu iz Nole navodi da se tugovanje za Tamuzom jo\u0161 u njegovo vrijeme (4. stolje\u0107e po Kr.) njegovalo u sirijskim selima oko Betlehema.<\/p><p>Ovo kasno svjedo\u010danstvo povezuje mezopotamskog boga vegetacije s tada nastaju\u0107om kr\u0161\u0107anskom tu\u017ealjkom Velikog petka. Hans-Peter Mathys u nekoliko je \u010dlanaka istra\u017eio liniju od tamuzovske tu\u017ealjke do obreda Velikog petka i ukazao na religijskopovijesne paralele, bez tvrdnje o izravnoj ovisnosti.<\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>U modernoj lirici T. S. Eliot je kompleks Dumuzi-Tamuz upotrijebio kao pozadinski topos u djelu \u00abThe Waste Land\u00bb (1922). Veza izme\u0111u Frazerova \u00abGolden Bough\u00bb, poplavljene i isu\u0161ene zemlje te umiru\u0107eg kralja ribara izravno vodi do Dumuzijeve linije. Eliot je sam naveo Frazera kao glavni izvor, stavljaju\u0107i tako mezopotamsku povijest religije u sredi\u0161te knji\u017eevne moderne.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13d00a9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"13d00a9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f61bbc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f61bbc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Religijsko-znanstvena klasifikacija<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee432df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ee432df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thorkild Jacobsen je u nekoliko studija opisao Dumuzijev <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost religijskih obreda \u0161tovanja bo\u017eanstva ili svete osobe.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> kao sredi\u0161nji dokaz staro-sumerske <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znanstvena nauka o Bogu i vjeri neke religije.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologije<\/span> cikli\u010dne smrti i povratka. U Dumuziju ne vidi jednoli\u010dnog boga vegetacije, nego slojevit lik u kojem se spajaju pastirska i kraljevska funkcija.<\/p>\n<p>Jean Bott\u00e9ro isti\u010de dru\u0161tvenu ukorijenjenost kulta. Sve\u010danosti \u017ealovanja u srpnju i kolovozu bile su javni doga\u0111aji na kojima su sudjelovale prije svega \u017eene, \u0161to Dumuzija u religijsko-sociolo\u0161kom smislu \u010dini bogom \u017eenskog jadikovanja i zajedni\u010dke tuge.<\/p><p>Walther Sallaberger sustavno je rekonstruirao Tamuzov <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost religijskih obreda \u0161tovanja bo\u017eanstva ili svete osobe.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> u kalendaru Ur III razdoblja i pokazao da je faza \u017ealovanja bila kalendarski precizno vezana za su\u0161no vrhunsko ljeto.<\/p>\n<p>Stefan Maul, Andrew George i Bendt Alster priredili su i komentirali knji\u017eevne tekstove. Bendt Alster je u djelu \u00abDumuzi&#8217;s Dream\u00bb rekonstruirao staro-sumersku predlo\u017eak, a Andrew George je u djelu \u00abThe Babylonian Gilgamesh Epic\u00bb analizirao povezanost Dumuzijeve gra\u0111e s Epom o Gilgame\u0161u. Stephanie Dalley prevela je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predaja o bogovima, podrijetlu i ure\u0111enju svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span> \u00abInannin silazak u podzemni svijet\u00bb za \u0161iru publiku.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae2ac28 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ae2ac28\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2b04dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a2b04dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Inannin silazak i Dumuzijeva smrt<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11d7562 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11d7562\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Najzna\u010dajniji <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predaja o bogovima, podrijetlu i ure\u0111enju svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span> o Dumuziju je \u00abInannin silazak u podzemni svijet\u00bb, sumerski tekst od 412 redaka, koji se ubraja me\u0111u najgu\u0161\u0107e pripovijesti mezopotamske knji\u017eevnosti. Tekst je temeljno priredio Samuel Noah Kramer 1937. godine, a u potpunom obliku William R. Sladek 1974. u svojoj disertaciji \u00abInanna&#8217;s Descent to the Netherworld\u00bb.<\/span><\/p><p>Inanna, bo\u017eica ljubavi i rata, silazi u kraljevstvo svoje sestre Ereshkigal da bi tamo zatra\u017eila vlast. Na svakom od sedam vrata podzemnog svijeta mora ostaviti jedan dio odje\u0107e ili nakita, sve dok ne stane goli pred Ereshkigalino prijestolje i ne umre.<\/p>\n<p>Enki je spa\u0161ava putem dvaju stvorenja stvorenih od ilova\u010de, Galature i Kurgarre, koji preuzimaju Ereshkigalino jadikovanje i za to od nje ishode dozvolu da vrate Inannu u \u017eivot. Inanna se, me\u0111utim, vra\u0107a samo pod uvjetom da u podzemni svijet po\u0161alje zamjenika.<\/p><p>Ona nalazi svojeg supruga Dumuzija kako sjedi u kraljevskom ruhu na sve\u010danom prijestolju, umjesto da tuguje za njom. Razgnjevljena, prepu\u0161ta ga demonima Galla, koji ga odvla\u010de u podzemni svijet. Ova epizoda mitski obja\u0161njava Dumuzijevo godi\u0161nje i\u0161\u010dezavanje, koje se poklapa s ljetnim su\u0161nim razdobljem.<\/p>\n<p>Djelomi\u010dno rje\u0161enje donosi Geshtinanna, Dumuzijeva sestra. Ona se nudi da polovinu godine preuzme njegov polo\u017eaj u podzemnom svijetu, tako da se Dumuzi i Geshtinanna smjenjuju svakih \u0161est mjeseci.<\/p><p>Ovo rje\u0161enje sezonske podjele na pola religijskopovijesno je srodno sudbini Perzefone u gr\u010dkom Demetrinu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predaja o bogovima, podrijetlu i ure\u0111enju svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitu<\/span>. Thorkild Jacobsen je u djelu \u00abThe Treasures of Darkness\u00bb razradio strukturne paralele i ukazao na mogu\u0107u tipolo\u0161ku srodnost, bez tvrdnje o izravnoj ovisnosti.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20f680d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"20f680d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6361ff8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6361ff8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tu\u017ealjke i kalendar svetkovina<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-997c227 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"997c227\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Zasebna vrsta mezopotamske knji\u017eevnosti su Dumuzijeve tu\u017ebalice, koje su se pjevale u vrelim mjesecima Du&#8217;uzu (lipanj i srpanj). Sa\u010duvano je preko dvanaest takvih tu\u017ebalica na sumerskom i akadskom jeziku, objavljenih u djelu Marka Cohena \u00abThe Canonical Lamentations of Ancient Mesopotamia\u00bb (1988).<\/span><\/p><p>Poznati tekstovi su \u00abEdina usagake\u00bb, \u00abU stepi u ranoj travi\u00bb, i \u00abUshumgalkalama\u00bb, \u00abZmaj zemlje\u00bb. Ovi tekstovi prikazuju Inannu ili sestru Geshtinannu u potrazi za izgubljenim Dumuzijem i pisani su u sna\u017eno ponavljaju\u0107em modusu tu\u017ebe, koji nadokna\u0111uje ritualni oblik izvo\u0111enja.<\/p>\n<p>Tu\u017ebalice su izvodile profesionalne narika\u010de, gala, \u010desto na \u017eenskom jeziku, emesalu. Emesal tekstovi se gramati\u010dki i fonetski razlikuju od standardnog sumerskog jezika, emegira.<\/p><p>Gala \u017eene bile su posebna ritualna profesionalna skupina, \u010diji je dru\u0161tveni polo\u017eaj temeljito istra\u017eio Walther Sallaberger. Njihove tu\u017ebalice bile su dio kozmi\u010dkog rituala u kojem se \u017ealio nestanak boga vegetacije i njegov povratak u jesen pripremao kroz \u010din \u017ealovanja.<\/p>\n<p>U kalendaru svetkovina, mjesec Du&#8217;uzu u vrhuncu ljeta obilje\u017eavao se kao vrijeme \u017ealosti za Dumuzija. \u017dene su izvodile \u017ealovanja, \u010desto uz obrede samobi\u010devanja i posipanja pepelom.<\/p><p>Ovi obredi neizravno su potvr\u0111eni u Ezekielu 8,14, gdje prorok vidi \u00ab\u017eene koje pla\u010du za Tamuzom\u00bb na jednim vratima jeruzalemskog hrama i pridru\u017euje se zabrani te prakse. Ovo biblijsko mjesto pokazuje koliko se daleko izvan Mezopotamije, u sirijsko-palestinsku religiju, pro\u0161irio Dumuzijev <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sveukupnost religijskih obreda \u0161tovanja neke bo\u017eanske ili svete osobe.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ad2ae1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1ad2ae1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6da19b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6da19b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Adonis-Tamuz linija i mitska putovanja<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3750c65 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3750c65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Linija umiru\u0107eg i uskrsavaju\u0107eg boga vegetacije mo\u017ee se pratiti od Dumuzija preko Tamuza, akadskog oblika imena, do Adonisa u feni\u010dkoj kulturi, sve do helenisti\u010dkog Sredozemlja. James George Frazer je u djelu \u00abThe Golden Bough\u00bb (12 svezaka, 1890. do 1915.) predstavio ovu liniju kao paradigmu svoje op\u0107e teorije mita o vegetaciji.<\/span><\/p><p>Frazerova konstrukcija danas je u pojedinostima sporna, posebno specifi\u010dne identifikacije s Ozirisom i Kristom. Ipak, osnovna teza da postoji povezana linija umiru\u0107ih bogova vegetacije na Bliskom istoku nije osporena.<\/p>\n<p>Adonisov <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sveukupnost religijskih obreda \u0161tovanja neke bo\u017eanske ili svete osobe.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span>, koji Lukijan iz Samosate detaljno opisuje u 2. stolje\u0107u poslije Krista u djelu \u00abDe dea Syria\u00bb, nedvojbeno je ba\u0161tina Dumuzijeva kulta. Lukijan opisuje godi\u0161nju \u017ealost za Adonisom u feni\u010dkom Byblosu, \u017ertvovanje janjaca i crveno bojanje Adonisove rijeke, \u0161to tuma\u010di astronomski.<\/p><p>\u017dene Byblosa \u0161i\u0161ale su kosu kao obred \u017ealovanja, \u0161to ima izravnu paralelu s mezopotamskim praksama tu\u017ebalica. Hans-Peter Mathys i Peggy L. Day u vi\u0161e studija detaljno su pratili liniju od Dumuzija preko Tamuza do Adonisa.<\/p>\n<p>Jo\u0161 jedna va\u017ena postaja je Atisov <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sveukupnost religijskih obreda \u0161tovanja neke bo\u017eanske ili svete osobe.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> Frigije, koji je preko Kibelinog <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namijenjena \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hrama<\/span> u Pessinusu dospio u helenisti\u010dki i rimski svijet.<\/p><p>Atis kao mladena\u010dki ljubavnik Magna Mater pokazuje strukturnu sli\u010dnost s Dumuzijem i Inannom, pri \u010demu praksa samokastracije galoi sve\u0107enika predstavlja zasebni razvoj. Walter Burkert u tome vidi samostalnu preoblikovanje mezopotamskog modela u helenisti\u010dkom kontekstu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56ca13c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"56ca13c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-577888e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"577888e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Izvori i dodatna literatura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4c3166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e4c3166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Epoha gr\u010dke i rimske kulture, otprilike od 800. pr. Kr. do 600. poslije Kr.\" tabindex=\"0\">Antika<\/span> izvori: \u00abInannin silazak u podzemni svijet\u00bb, \u00abSan Dumuzija\u00bb, \u00abDumuzi i Enkimdu\u00bb, tu\u017ebalice za Dumuzijem, hvalospjevi Inanni i Dumuziju, staroakadske Tamuzove tu\u017ebalice, biblijski spomen u Ezekielu 8,14.<\/p>\n<ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Jean Bott\u00e9ro, \u00abLa religion babylonienne\u00bb, Pariz 1952.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Bendt Alster, \u00abDumuzi&#8217;s Dream\u00bb, Kopenhagen 1972.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Dodatna standardna djela u <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/literatura\/\">popisu literature<\/a>.<\/span><\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3248,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Dumuzi","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Dumuzi \u2013 umiru\u0107i bog i Inaninin ljubavnik | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Dumuzi (Tammuz) je sumerski bog pastira i Inaninin ljubavnik. 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