{"id":149813,"date":"2026-09-04T05:13:42","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T05:13:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=149813"},"modified":"2026-09-04T05:32:50","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T05:32:50","slug":"ninhursag","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/","title":{"rendered":"Ninhursag"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"149813\" class=\"elementor elementor-149813 elementor-3018 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b64a8c8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b64a8c8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f1017cf e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f1017cf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b78047d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b78047d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-933a07a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"933a07a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ninhursag, mezopotamska majka bo\u017eica<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9608cf7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9608cf7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ninhursag je sumerska majka bo\u017eica i gospodarica zemlje, \u0161tovana kao pomo\u0107nica pri ro\u0111enju bogova i ljudi. Ninhursag je starodrevna mezopotamska majka bo\u017eica, jedno od velikih stvoriteljskih bo\u017eanstava sumerske religije i, nakon Anua, Enlila i Enkija, najva\u017enija figura starosumerskog poretka bogova.<\/p><p>Njezino ime zna\u010di \u00abgospodarica planine\u00bb, \u0161to upu\u0107uje na njezinu povezanost s prednjoazijskim gorskim podru\u010djima i njezin odnos prema kamenu, ro\u0111enju i \u017eivotnoj snazi. U razli\u010ditim tradicijama javlja se i pod drugim imenima, kao Ninmah, Nintur ili Damgalnuna.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-141eebc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"141eebc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b41c2cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b41c2cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Bog \/ bo\u017eica: Personificirana najvi\u0161a mo\u0107 u panteonu neke kulture, s jasnim nadle\u017enostima \u2014 prirodne sile, sudbina, rat, plodnost. Po\u0161tovana kroz kultove, \u017ertve i hramske institucije.\">Bog<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/mezopotamija\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Kolijevka dokumentirane religije \u2014 Sumer, Akad, Babilon, Asirija (od oko 3500. pr. Kr. do 330. pr. Kr.).\">Mezopotamija<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8dba4bc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8dba4bc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5bac7c elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"e5bac7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na ovoj stranici nisu prona\\u0111eni naslovi.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSadr\u017eaj\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e5bac7c\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e5bac7c\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__e5bac7c\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32726c0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"32726c0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff7e949 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ff7e949\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-151438\" alt=\"Ninhursag - bo\u017eica iz mezopotamske tradicije, povijesno-ilustrativno\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc97a5e e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fc97a5e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fbf9b2c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fbf9b2c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cff9d29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cff9d29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mit i podrijetlo<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b59d7c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b59d7c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ninhursag pripada najstarijem slaju mezopotamske religije. Ve\u0107 u 3. tisu\u0107lje\u0107u pr. Kr. spominje se u natpisima predsargonske Mezopotamije, prije svega u gradovima-dr\u017eavama Ki\u0161, Adab i Mari.<\/p><p>Njezini korijeni vjerojatno le\u017ee u ruralno-mitskim predstavama u kojima se zemlja shva\u0107ala kao rodila\u010dka mo\u0107 iz koje nastaju kamenje, biljke i \u017eiva bi\u0107a. Povezanost s planinama, koje su smatrane izvorom drago kamenja, drveta i metala, obja\u0161njava njezin nadimak \u00abgospodarica planine\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>U starosumerskoj teogoniji Ninhursag je nekad sestra ili supruga Enlila, u kasnijim tekstovima \u010desto supruga Enkija, boga mudrosti i slatke vode. Ta promjenjiva obiteljska pozicija u religijskoj povijesti nije kontradikcija, nego izraz modularnosti starih mezopotamskih mitova, u kojima se svako <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bi\u0107e \u0161tovano kao bo\u017eansko unutar neke religije.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017eanstvo<\/span> po potrebi ukomponira u razli\u010dite mre\u017ee odnosa.<\/p>\n<p>Va\u017ean dokaz njezinog \u0161tovanja je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sveto mjesto posve\u0107eno \u0161tovanju bo\u017eanstva.\" tabindex=\"0\">sveti\u0161te<\/span> u Tell el-Obeidu, u blizini Ura, izgra\u0111eno u razdoblju ranodinasti\u010dkog perioda. Natpisi Aanepade, kralja Ura, spominju je kao glavnu bo\u017eicu tog kompleksa.<\/p><p>I u Laga\u0161u je imala va\u017ean <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Skup vjerskih obreda \u0161tovanja posve\u0107enih nekom bo\u017eanstvu ili svetoj figuri.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span>, a Gudea, gradski knez spomenut ve\u0107 u \u010dlanku o Ninurti, u svojim natpisima na statuama hvali svoju povezanost s njom.<\/p>\n<p>Njezin glavni mit jest pri\u010da \u00abEnki i Ninhursag\u00bb, starosumerski tekst koji opisuje otok Dilmun (dana\u0161nji Bahrein) kao \u010distu, rajsku zemlju. Enki i Ninhursag tamo stvaraju prvi vrt i prva \u017eiva bi\u0107a.<\/p><p>Ta se pri\u010da ubraja me\u0111u rano dokumentirane mezopotamske mitove o stvaranju i razvija teolo\u0161ki bogatu slikovnu simboliku u kojoj vode, zemlja i sjeme ulaze u \u017eivu me\u0111uigru.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76c032e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"76c032e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a28c4f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a28c4f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Simboli i atributi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e44a5f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e44a5f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ninhursag se u likovnoj umjetnosti prikazuje kao dostojanstvena bo\u017eica koja sjedi, \u010desto s krunom u obliku rogova i dugom naboranom odje\u0107om. Na nekim reljefima nosi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak koji predstavlja neku ideju ili zna\u010denje.\" tabindex=\"0\">simbol<\/span> ro\u0111enja, znak omega, koji se tuma\u010di kao stilizirana \u017eenska pelvis ili rodila\u010dki rog. Taj se znak javlja na grani\u010dnim kamenovima (kudurru) kasitskog doba i na starobabilonskim otiscima pe\u010data.<\/p>\n<p>Jo\u0161 je jedan njezin atribut planina, koja je i dio njezinog imena. Na reljefima \u010desto sjedi na stiliziranoj planini, \u010dime se nagla\u0161ava njezina funkcija gospodarice visinskih izvora, kamena i metala.<\/p><p>Njezina va\u017enost kao gospodarice planina povezuje je s rubnim podru\u010djima mezopotamske civilizacije, odnosno s regijama u kojima se vadilo drvo, kamen i rude.<\/p>\n<p>\u017divotinje koje su joj pridru\u017eene ubrajaju se u simbole vezane za plodnost. Ovce i koze u hramskim natpisima \u010desto se javljaju kao \u017ertveni darovi njoj, jer ih ona, kao bo\u017eica ro\u0111enja, stavlja pod svoju za\u0161titu, kako ljude tako i \u017eivotinje.<\/p><p>U staromezopotamskoj <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znanost o slikovnim sadr\u017eajima i njihovom zna\u010denju.\" tabindex=\"0\">ikonografiji<\/span> \u010desto je prati i malo dijete ili dojen\u010de, \u0161to upu\u0107uje na njezinu funkciju za\u0161titnice pomo\u0107i pri porodu.<\/p>\n<p>Kasnija tradicija prikazuje je s ogrlicom u obliku zdjele, koja se povezuje s poro\u0111ajnom te\u017einom djece. Takvi ikonografski detalji sa\u010duvali su se prije svega u zaklinjalim tekstovima za pomo\u0107 pri porodu, koji su njezino ime prenosili kroz stolje\u0107a.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f4f0e2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f4f0e2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc5dd9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dc5dd9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kult i \u0161tovanje<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-065eb31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"065eb31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Glavni kult Ninhursag postojao je u vi\u0161e gradova-dr\u017eava, s te\u017ei\u0161tem u Adabu, Ki\u0161u, Tell el-Obeidu i Laga\u0161u. Adab, jedno od najstarijih kultnih sredi\u0161ta, bio je s njom \u010dvrsto povezan, a rani vladari Ki\u0161a hvalili su se da su od nje pozvani na vlast. Njezin <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina posve\u0107ena \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span> u Adabu, \u010diji to\u010dan naziv nije poznat, bio je mjesto okupljanja za obrede ro\u0111enja i ceremonije lije\u010denja.<\/p>\n<p>U Laga\u0161u i Girsu Ninhursag se \u0161tovala u obliku Bau, bo\u017eice lije\u010denja koja se s njom stopila. Natpisi Gudee govore o rasko\u0161nim \u017ertvama i statui koju je gradski knez posvetio bo\u017eici. U starobabilonskom razdoblju nastavila se \u0161tovati u vi\u0161e gradova-dr\u017eava, \u010desto pod imenima Ninmah ili Aruru.<\/p>\n<p>Njezina ul\u043e\u0433\u0430 u obredima ro\u0111enja potvr\u0111ena je brojnim zaklinjalim tekstovima. \u017dene su ju prizivale za vrijeme trudova, a babice su nad trbuhom rodilje izgovarale zaklinjanja u kojima je Ninhursag trebala otvoriti maternicu i omogu\u0107iti djetetu sigurno ro\u0111enje. Takvi tekstovi dokumentirani su sve do kasnobabilonskog razdoblja i nagla\u0161avaju kontinuitet njezinog \u0161tovanja.<\/p>\n<p>U novoasirskom carstvu zna\u010daj Ninhursag opada, \u0161to je povezano sa sve ja\u010dim naglaskom na mu\u0161ka dr\u017eavna bo\u017eanstva A\u0161ura i Ninurtu. Ipak je ostala prisutna u tekstovima za lije\u010denje, a varijante njezinog imena javljaju se u natpisima sve do kasnoahemenidskog doba.<\/p>\n<p>Kasni kontinuitet pokazuje <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Skup vjerskih obreda \u0161tovanja posve\u0107enih nekom bo\u017eanstvu ili svetoj figuri.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> i u Dilmunu, dana\u0161njem Bahreinu. Arheolo\u0161ka istra\u017eivanja tamo su otkrila opse\u017ene hramske komplekse u kojima se Ninhursag \u0161tovala zajedno s Enkijem. Ta se povezanost obja\u0161njava <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predana pri\u010da o bogovima, podrijetlu i poretku svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitom<\/span> \u00abEnki i Ninhursag\u00bb, koji Dilmun opisuje kao rajski prapejza\u017e.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c594aa e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0c594aa\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d96a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d96a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Va\u017eni mitovi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70981c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"70981c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00bbEnki i Ninhursag\u00ab je sredi\u0161nji <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predaja o bogovima, podrijetlu i poretku svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span> i jedan od najstarijih dokumentiranih tekstova o stvaranju. Po\u010dinje opisom Dilmuna kao \u010distog mjesta, netaknutog smr\u0107u i bole\u0161\u0107u.<\/p><p>Enki donosi slatku vodu na ostrvo i \u010dini ga plodnim. U nizu isprepletenih generacijskih slijedova stvara s Ninhursag i njezinim potomcima nekoliko k\u0107eri, \u0161to bo\u017eicu dovodi u sukob s njim.<\/p><p>Enki zatim jede osam biljaka koje je Ninhursag uzgojila u vrtu, zbog \u010dega ga ona proklinje i mu\u010di osam bolesti u razli\u010ditim dijelovima tijela. Naposljetku se izmiruje s Enkijem i za svaku bolest ra\u0111a jedno bo\u017eanstvo iscjeljenja. Ova pri\u010da teolo\u0161ki primjer odnosa stvaranja, krivnje i ozdravljenja.<\/p>\n<p>Drugi va\u017ean tekst je \u00bbEnki i Ninmah\u00ab, u kojem oba bo\u017eanstva u vrsti stvarala\u010dkog natjecanja oblikuju \u010dovjeka od glinene ilova\u010de.<\/p><p>Ninmah najprije oblikuje osobe s pote\u0161ko\u0107ama, za koje Enki pronalazi mjesta u dru\u0161tvenom poretku, a zatim Enki oblikuje sedam monstruoznih bi\u0107a koja se vi\u0161e nikako ne mogu uklopiti. Pri\u010da sadr\u017ei duboku eti\u010dku promi\u0161ljanje o odgovornosti stvoritelja i granicama poretka.<\/p>\n<p>Tre\u0107a se pri\u010da nalazi u \u00bb<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predaja o bogovima, podrijetlu i poretku svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitu<\/span> o Lugalbandi i ptici Anzu\u00ab, u kojem Ninhursag stoji uz junaka Lugalbandu i podupire ga u njegovu zadatku. Bo\u017eica se ovdje javlja kao za\u0161titni\u010dka, savjetodavna sila, funkcija koju preuzima u mnogim mezopotamskim herojskim pripovijestima.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-292129e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"292129e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d784928 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d784928\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Odnosi u panteonu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cdacde elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8cdacde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ninhursag je jedno od \u010detiri najvi\u0161a sumerska bo\u017eanstva, uz Anua, Enlila i Enkija. U tekstovima o stvaranju javlja se kao samostalna sila koja zajedno s Enkijem oblikuje ljude i \u017eivotinje. S Enkijem deli brigu za plodnost i iscjeljenje, s Enlilom brigu za poredak i pravo, s Anuom suverenitet nad prapo\u010decima.<\/p>\n<p>Njezine k\u0107eri, ro\u0111ene u <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predaja o bogovima, podrijetlu i poretku svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitu<\/span> \u00bbEnki i Ninhursag\u00ab, dijelom pripadaju va\u017enim kultnim bo\u017eicama drugih gradova-dr\u017eava. Jedna od njih je Ninkurra, bo\u017eica kamenoreza\u010dke umjetnosti, druga je Ninimma, bo\u017eica pismenosti. Ta genealogija povezuje Ninhursag s najrazli\u010ditijim obrtni\u010dkim i kulturnim kultovima Mezopotamije.<\/p>\n<p>S Bau i Gulom povezuju je iscjeliteljske funkcije, s Inanom odnos suparni\u0161tva, jer je Inana u staro-sumerskoj <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znanstvena teorija o Bogu i vjerovanju neke religije.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologiji<\/span> sve vi\u0161e preuzimala prvenstvo me\u0111u bo\u017eicama. U helenisti\u010dko-rimskom <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Spajanje predod\u017ebi ili bo\u017eanstava iz razli\u010ditih religijskih tradicija.\" tabindex=\"0\">sinkretizmu<\/span> ne dolazi u izravan doticaj s gr\u010dkim bo\u017eicama, jer je njezino \u0161tovanje ve\u0107 prije toga jenjalo.<\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>S Damgalnunom, Enkijevom suprugom, Ninhursag je u ju\u017enom Sumeru dijelila neke funkcije, \u0161to je dovelo do rijetke, ali dokumentirane identifikacije Damgalnuna-Ninhursag u eridskim tekstovima. Wilfred G. Lambert je to spajanje u radu iz 1992. protuma\u010dio kao dokaz regionalne pluralnosti sumerskih bo\u017eanskih imena.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>U akadskom <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost bogova neke religije ili kulture.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteonu<\/span> Ninhursag se javlja kao Mami ili Mama, stvoriteljica ljudi u epu o Atrahasisu. Ona po Enkijevim uputama mje\u0161a ilova\u010du i krv \u017ertvovanog boga We-ile u sedam ljudskih parova. Ta scena stvaranja najstarija je pripovijest o stvaranju od ilova\u010de u svjetskoj knji\u017eevnosti i imala je brojne nasljednike u semitskim religijama.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-acebfa4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"acebfa4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b94b971 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b94b971\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recepcija i utjecaj<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfab884 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bfab884\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S krajem mezopotamske visoke kulture <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost religijskih obreda \u0161tovanja neke bo\u017eice, boga ili svetog bi\u0107a.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> Ninhursag je i\u0161\u010dezao, ali tekstovi lije\u010denja s njezinim imenom prepisivani su i preno\u0161eni jo\u0161 u kasnobabilonskom i ahemenidskom razdoblju.<\/p><p>U 19. stolje\u0107u bo\u017eica je rekonstruirana ponovnim otkri\u0107em sumerskih tekstova, prije svega zahvaljuju\u0107i radovima Samuela Nohaha Kramera, koji je sumerologiju oblikovao kao znanstvenu disciplinu.<\/p>\n<p>U modernoj povijesti religije Ninhursag je jedan od naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e navo\u0111enih primjera staroisto\u010dne majke bo\u017eice, za koju se raspravljalo da je povijesni korijen kasnijih mediteranskih bo\u017eica kao Demetra, Kibela ili Izida. Ta teza danas se uglavnom smatra upitnom, jer se izravna genealo\u0161ka povezanost ne mo\u017ee dokazati. Tipolo\u0161ka sli\u010dnost ostaje ipak va\u017ena tema u povijesti religije.<\/p>\n<p>U feministi\u010dkoj recepciji 20. i 21. stolje\u0107a Ninhursag se tuma\u010di kao primjer mo\u0107ne, samostalno djeluju\u0107e \u017eenske <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bi\u0107e koje se u nekoj religiji \u0161tuje kao bo\u017eansko.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017eice<\/span> iz ranih visokih kultura.<\/p><p>U studijama o povijesti kulta majke stoji uz Ninlil, Inanu i Tiamat. U popularnoj <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Skupni pojam za u\u010denja koja tvrde da posjeduju skriveno znanje dostupno samo upu\u0107enima.\" tabindex=\"0\">ezoterici<\/span> javlja se pod imenom \u201esumerska majka zemlja\u201d, pri \u010demu takvim adaptacijama \u010desto nedostaje znanstvena preciznost.<\/p>\n<p>U modernim biblijskim istra\u017eivanjima velika pa\u017enja posve\u0107ena je vezi izme\u0111u Eve i rebra. Kramerovu hipotezu da je ro\u0111enje Ninhursag iz Enkijeva rebra motivski predlo\u017eak za Evu razmatrao je teolog Claus Westermann u svom komentaru Knjige Postanka, a dalje ju je razvio John Day.<\/p><p>To\u010dan na\u010din preno\u0161enja tog motiva ostaje otvoren, ali postojanje mezopotamskih predlo\u017eaka za biblijske motive danas je konsenzus.<\/p>\n<p><span data-nosnippet>Druga linija utjecaja vodi preko helenisti\u010dke Magna Mater. Ve\u0107 Beros izvje\u0161tava da su Eginjani mezopotamsku Mami izjedna\u010davali s Reom. Walter Burkert u djelu \u201eBabylon, Memphis, Persepolis\u201d (2003) pratio je tragove tog prijenosa i pretpostavio neizravan utjecaj na frigijski <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost religijskih obreda \u0161tovanja neke bo\u017eice, boga ili svetog bi\u0107a.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> Kibele.<\/span><\/p><p>Precizni koraci preno\u0161enja nisu potpuno razja\u0161njeni, ali se u istra\u017eivanjima pretpostavlja motivski kontinuitet od Ninhursag preko Mami do Magna Mater.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd20727 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bd20727\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-161d541 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"161d541\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Religijsko-znanstvena klasifikacija<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2e68d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f2e68d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thorkild Jacobsen u djelu \u201eThe Treasures of Darkness\u201d tuma\u010di Ninhursag kao primjer htonske bo\u017eice \u010dije se djelovanje odnosi na ro\u0111enje, zemlju i kamen. U njezinoj <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost predaje o bogovima i njihovim djelima u nekoj kulturi.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologiji<\/span> vidi arhai\u010dan slojeviti model u kojem se zemlja do\u017eivljava ne samo kao geografska stvarnost, ve\u0107 kao personificirana mo\u0107.<\/p>\n<p>Jean Bott\u00e9ro nagla\u0161ava teolo\u0161ku samostalnost bo\u017eice i njezinu funkciju kao protute\u017ee mu\u0161kim stvarala\u010dkim bo\u017eanstvima. Walther Sallaberger je u svojoj studiji o kalendaru tre\u0107eg dinastija Ura sveobuhvatno rekonstruirao <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost religijskih obreda \u0161tovanja neke bo\u017eice, boga ili svetog bi\u0107a.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> Ninhursag i pokazao da je bo\u017eica imala sredi\u0161nju ulogu na va\u017enim dr\u017eavnim svetkovinama.<\/p>\n<p>Stefan Maul i Andrew George priredili su izdanja tekstova lije\u010denja s njezinim imenom. Iz tih tekstova proizlazi da je Ninhursag bila jedno od rijetkih mezopotamskih bo\u017eanstava \u010dija se pomo\u0107 mogla zazivati u izrazito razli\u010ditim \u017eivotnim situacijama: pri ro\u0111enju, pri bolesti, pri sjetvi i pri gradnji hrama.<\/p><p>Stephanie Dalley i Wilfred Lambert svrstavaju je u knji\u017eevnu tradiciju u kojoj se javlja kao nezaobilazna partnerica Enkija u nekoliko pripovijesti o stvaranju.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27822d0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"27822d0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f13d646 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f13d646\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ke\u0161ka himna i teologija hrama<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf9684e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cf9684e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ke\u0161ka hramska himna jedan je od najstarijih sa\u010duvanih sumerskih tekstova i istovremeno se smatra jednim od prvih religijskih tekstova svjetske knji\u017eevnosti. Fragmenti koji se\u017eu do vremena tre\u0107e dinastije Ura (21. stolje\u0107e pr. Kr.) sa\u010duvani su preko kasnijih pisarskih knji\u017enica u Nippuru, Sipparu i Uru.<\/p><p>Tekst slavi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namijenjena \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span> grada Ke\u0161a i njegovu bo\u017eicu Ninhursag u 134 stiha podijeljena u osam strofa, od kojih svaka zavr\u0161ava formulom \u201eKo je to ikad vidio, ko je to ikad vidio?\u201d.<\/p><p>Ovo ponavljanje daje himni skoro meditativnu strukturu. Tekst se tradicionalno pripisuje sve\u0107eni\u010dkoj pjesnikinji Enheduanni, k\u0107eri Sargona Akadskog, ali najstariji fragmenti stariji su od toga i vjerojatno potje\u010du iz usmene predaje koja je trajala nekoliko stolje\u0107a.<\/p>\n<p>Sadr\u017eajno himna nagla\u0161ava funkciju Ninhursag kao babice bogova i kraljeva. Ona je \u201emajka kamenja\u201d i \u201e\u010duvarica \u017eile \u017eivota\u201d, kako se navodi u stihovima 12 do 17.<\/p><p>Ova dvojna povezanost s geologijom i biologijom konstitutivno je obilje\u017eje Ninhursagine <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znanstveno prou\u010davanje Boga i vjerovanja neke religije.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologije<\/span> i razlikuje je od drugih majka bo\u017eica Mezopotamije. Sam Ke\u0161ki <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namijenjena \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span> dugo nije bio lokaliziran u arheolo\u0161kim istra\u017eivanjima; tek od njema\u010dkih iskopavanja u Tell al-Wilayahu identifikacija s tamo prona\u0111enom hramskom gra\u0111evinom postala je uvjerljiva.<\/p>\n<p>Detaljno izdanje s prijevodom i komentarom priredili su Robert D. Biggs i Jane M. Cohen. Oni pokazuju da himna ima stilsku srodnost s 42 hramske himne Enheduanne, poznate pod zbirnim naslovom \u201eSumerian Temple Hymns\u201d.<\/p><p>Sedma sekcija te zbirke posve\u0107ena je Ninhursaginu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namijenjena \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hramu<\/span> u Adabu i naziva je \u201emajkom sve djece\u201d, \u0161to svjedo\u010di o mezopotamskoj ra\u0161irenosti tog kulta.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14fb2a6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"14fb2a6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a16307d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a16307d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Epizoda o Dilmunu i Enki<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14ad7c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14ad7c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span data-nosnippet>Dugi sumerski <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predaja koja govori o bogovima, podrijetlu i poretku svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mit<\/span> \u00abEnki i Ninhursag\u00bb jedan je od najbogatijih izvora za <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znanstvena nauka o Bogu i vjerovanju neke religije.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologiju<\/span> ovih dvaju bo\u017eanstava. Tekst, koji je 1984. priredio Pascal Attinger u djelu \u00abL&#8217;Hymne \u00e0 Nungal\u00bb, pripovijeda o rajskoj zemlji Dilmun, vjerojatno dana\u0161njem otoku Bahrein.<\/span><\/p><p>U Dilmunu ne postoji bolest, starost ni smrt. Enki, bog slatke vode, osje\u0107a privla\u010dnost prema bo\u017eici zemlje Ninhursag. Iz njihove zajednice ra\u0111a se k\u0107i Ninnisig, a iz njezinih daljnjih veza s Enkijem za\u010dinju se ukupno tri nara\u0161taja k\u0107eri. Naposljetku Enki pojede osam biljaka koje izrastaju iz Ninhursaginih sjemenki i te\u0161ko se otrovi.<\/p>\n<p>Ninhursag lije\u010di Enkija tako \u0161to iz njegovih oboljelih dijelova tijela ra\u0111a osam bo\u017eanstava iscjeljenja. Svaka od tih bo\u017eica povezana je s odre\u0111enim dijelom tijela, \u0161to predstavlja ranu formu medicinske podudarnosti izme\u0111u bogova i organa. Jedna od tih iscjeliteljskih bo\u017eica je Ninti, \u010dije ime zna\u010di \u00abgospodarica rebra\u00bb ili \u00abgospodarica \u017eivota\u00bb.<\/p><p><span data-nosnippet>Samuel Noah Kramer u djelu \u00abHistory Begins at Sumer\u00bb (1956.) protuma\u010dio je tu epizodu kao mogu\u0107 predlo\u017eak za biblijsku pri\u010du o Evi, jer se igra rije\u010di \u00abrebro\/\u017eivot\u00bb pojavljuje i na hebrejskom. Ta se veza danas smatra spornom, ali se prihva\u0107a kao motivski odjek.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Epizoda o Dilmunu religijsko-povijesno je zna\u010dajna i zato \u0161to tematizira ideju rajske prapostojbine u kojoj ne postoje bolest i smrt. Ta se predod\u017eba, kako pokazuju Thorkild Jacobsen u djelu \u00abThe Treasures of Darkness\u00bb i Jean Bott\u00e9ro u djelu \u00abLa plus vieille religion\u00bb, pro\u0161irila i izvan Mezopotamije, ostaviv\u0161i trag u zoroastrijskim i biblijskim predajama o raju.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c22d47b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c22d47b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ef26a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8ef26a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ro\u0111enje, iscjeljenje i kraljevska teologija<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06d52b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"06d52b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ninhursag se \u0161tovala kao bo\u017eica ro\u0111enja i iscjeljenja. Nekoliko mezopotamskih kraljeva nazivalo se \u00absinom Ninhursag\u00bb, me\u0111u njima Eannatum od Laga\u0161a i Mesannepada od Ura. Stela le\u0161inara Eannatuma, datirana oko 2450. pr. Kr., prikazuje kralja u kompozitnoj sceni u kojoj ga Ninhursag doji na svojim grudima.<\/p><p>Ova ikonografska formula bo\u017eanskog usvojenja ostala je nepromijenjena vi\u0161e od dva tisu\u0107lje\u0107a i pojavljuje se jo\u0161 i na novoasirskim reljefima.<\/p>\n<p>U ljekarskoj umjetnosti Ninhursag ima sredi\u0161nju ulogu kao Belet-ili, \u00abgospodarica bogova\u00bb. Mezopotamska zbirka zaziva na plo\u010dici BAM 234 sadr\u017ei molitve upu\u0107ene Ninhursag u slu\u010daju te\u0161kih poro\u0111ajnih komplikacija.<\/p><p>I u Dijagnosti\u010dkim priru\u010dnicima, koje je u 11. stolje\u0107u pr. Kr. sastavio Esagil-kin-apli, ona se pojavljuje kao bo\u017eica nadle\u017ena za vru\u0107ice i rane. Stefan Maul u svojim studijama o mezopotamskom ljekarstvu podrobno je dokumentirao ulogu Ninhursag kao instance kojoj se obra\u0107alo u slu\u010daju poro\u0111ajnih te\u0161ko\u0107a.<\/p>\n<p>Mezopotamska kraljevska teologija tijesno je povezivala legitimno ro\u0111enje vladara s Ninhursag. Gra\u0111evinski natpisi Naram-Sina od Akada nazivaju ga \u00abonim kojega je Ninhursag dojila\u00bb. Kip Naram-Sina prikazuje ga s krunom od bikovih rogova, koja u ikonografiji tog doba izra\u017eava bo\u017eanski status kralja.<\/p><p>Ovo isticanje bo\u017eanstva bilo je mla\u0111e od jednostavnog odnosa sinovstva prema bo\u017eici, ali je imalo istu teolo\u0161ku osnovu. Tabuiziranje veze izme\u0111u \u010dovjeka i bo\u017eanstva javlja se tek u starobabilonskom razdoblju, kada se Hamurabi opisuje samo kao postavljen od Anua i Enlila, a ne vi\u0161e kao njihov sin.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d6fb32 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6d6fb32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30ce78a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"30ce78a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Izvori i dodatna literatura<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-beb342f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"beb342f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Razdoblje gr\u010dke i rimske kulture, otprilike od 800. pr. Kr. do 600. n. Kr.\" tabindex=\"0\">Antika<\/span> Izvori: \u00abEnki i Ninhursag\u00bb, \u00abEnki i Ninmah\u00bb, zazivni tekstovi i tekstovi o poro\u0111ajnoj pomo\u0107i iz Nippura i Sippara, natpisi na Gudeinim kipovima, hvalospjevi Aruru i Ninmah, natpisi iz Tell el-Obeida.<\/p>\n<ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Jean Bott\u00e9ro, \u00abLa religion babylonienne\u00bb, Pariz 1952.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Samuel Noah Kramer, \u00abThe Sumerians\u00bb, Chicago 1963.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>Ostala standardna djela u <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/literatura\/\">popisu literature<\/a>.<\/span><\/p><\/footer>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3252,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Ninhursag","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Ninhursag \u2013 sumerska majka bo\u017eica | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Ninhursag je sumerska majka bo\u017eica, stvoriteljica ljudi zajedno s Enkijem, gospodarica planina. Mitovi o Enkiju i Ninhursag, pri\u010da o Dilmunu i njezin kult.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"","wesen_kultur":"","wesen_klasse":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-149813","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ninhursag \u2013 sumerska majka bo\u017eica | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ninhursag je sumerska majka bo\u017eica, stvoriteljica ljudi zajedno s Enkijem, gospodarica planina. Mitovi o Enkiju i Ninhursag, pri\u010da o Dilmunu i njezin kult.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hr_HR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ninhursag\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ninhursag je sumerska majka bo\u017eica, stvoriteljica ljudi zajedno s Enkijem, gospodarica planina. Mitovi o Enkiju i Ninhursag, pri\u010da o Dilmunu i njezin kult.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-04T05:32:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/ninhursag\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/ninhursag\\\/\",\"name\":\"Ninhursag \u2013 sumerska majka bo\u017eica | iWell Guard\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/ninhursag\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/ninhursag\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-04T05:13:42+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-04T05:32:50+00:00\",\"description\":\"Ninhursag je sumerska majka bo\u017eica, stvoriteljica ljudi zajedno s Enkijem, gospodarica planina. Mitovi o Enkiju i Ninhursag, pri\u010da o Dilmunu i njezin kult.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/ninhursag\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/ninhursag\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"hr\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/ninhursag\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Bogovi iz mezopotamske tradicije.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/ninhursag\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/?page_id=149317\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Ninhursag\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"hr\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"hr\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Ninhursag \u2013 sumerska majka bo\u017eica | iWell Guard","description":"Ninhursag je sumerska majka bo\u017eica, stvoriteljica ljudi zajedno s Enkijem, gospodarica planina. Mitovi o Enkiju i Ninhursag, pri\u010da o Dilmunu i njezin kult.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/","og_locale":"hr_HR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Ninhursag","og_description":"Ninhursag je sumerska majka bo\u017eica, stvoriteljica ljudi zajedno s Enkijem, gospodarica planina. Mitovi o Enkiju i Ninhursag, pri\u010da o Dilmunu i njezin kult.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-04T05:32:50+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/","name":"Ninhursag \u2013 sumerska majka bo\u017eica | iWell Guard","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-04T05:13:42+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-04T05:32:50+00:00","description":"Ninhursag je sumerska majka bo\u017eica, stvoriteljica ljudi zajedno s Enkijem, gospodarica planina. Mitovi o Enkiju i Ninhursag, pri\u010da o Dilmunu i njezin kult.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"hr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"hr","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_mesopotamien_ninhursag.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Bogovi iz mezopotamske tradicije."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/ninhursag\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/?page_id=149317"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Ninhursag"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"hr"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"hr","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/149813","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=149813"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/149813\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3252"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=149813"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=149813"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}