{"id":149783,"date":"2026-09-04T05:13:27","date_gmt":"2026-09-04T05:13:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=149783"},"modified":"2026-09-04T05:32:07","modified_gmt":"2026-09-04T05:32:07","slug":"atena","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/","title":{"rendered":"Atena"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"149783\" class=\"elementor elementor-149783 elementor-2976 elementor-bc-flex-widget\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5267971 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5267971\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8380ddd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8380ddd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc8e551 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fc8e551\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37bad8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"37bad8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Atena, bo\u017eica mudrosti i za\u0161titnica Atene<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66c7ec4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"66c7ec4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kao bo\u017eica mudrosti i za\u0161titnica Atene, Atena spaja razborit sud s borbenom podr\u0161kom zajednici grada. Atena, na ati\u010dkom dijalektu Athena, jedna je od sredi\u0161njih figura gr\u010dkog panteona i smatra se Zeusovom k\u0107eri, ro\u0111enom iz njegove glave.<\/p><p>Ona je za\u0161titnica grada Atene, patronica obrtni\u010dke vje\u0161tine, ratne mudrosti i pravednog poretka. Za razliku od Aresa, ne utjelovljuje krvavu borbu, ve\u0107 strate\u0161ko vo\u0111enje i za\u0161titu polisa.<\/p><p>Njezini nazivi \u00abPolias\u00bb (za\u0161titnica grada), \u00abPromachos\u00bb (predvoditeljica u borbi) i \u00abParthenos\u00bb (djevica) obilje\u017eavaju tri glavne osi njezinog kulta. Kod Homera nosi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Stalni nadimak koji obilje\u017eava bo\u017eanstvo ili lik.\" tabindex=\"0\">epitet<\/span> \u00abglaukopis\u00bb, koji se, ovisno o tuma\u010denju, prevodi kao \u00absovooka\u00bb ili \u00abbistrooka\u00bb i upu\u0107uje na njezin o\u0161tar, prodoran pogled.<\/p><p>Zapisi u linearnom pismu B iz mikenskog doba spominju \u00abGospodaricu Atanu\u00bb, \u0161to podupire tezu o predgr\u010dkom bo\u017eanstvu utvrde koje je u arhajskoj religiji polisa preraslo u funkciju panhelenskog za\u0161titni\u010dkog bo\u017eanstva.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e520f96 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e520f96\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-171ee25 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"171ee25\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Bog \/ bo\u017eica: Personificirana najvi\u0161a mo\u0107 u panteonu jedne kulture, s jasnim nadle\u017enostima \u2014 sile prirode, sudbina, rat, plodnost. \u0160tovana kroz kultove, \u017ertve i hramske institucije.\">Bog<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/grcka\/\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Religija i mitologija anti\u010dke Gr\u010dke od mikenskog doba do kasne antike.\">Gr\u010dka<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b8c7f2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b8c7f2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f49cf33 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"f49cf33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Na ovoj stranici nisu prona\\u0111eni naslovi.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tSadr\u017eaj\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__f49cf33\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__f49cf33\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__f49cf33\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8aea15e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8aea15e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4dc559 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f4dc559\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_griechenland_athene-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-151492\" alt=\"Atena \u2013 bogovi iz gr\u010dke tradicije, povijesno-ilustrativno\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_griechenland_athene-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_griechenland_athene-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_griechenland_athene-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_griechenland_athene.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a56661 e-con-boxed e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9a56661\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-099658b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"099658b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74a9afa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"74a9afa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mit i genealogija<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fec0d72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fec0d72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ro\u0111enje Atene iz glave Zeusa ubraja se u najpoznatije stvarala\u010dke mitove gr\u010dke <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Preno\u0161enje znanja i pripovijesti kroz generacije.\" tabindex=\"0\">predaje<\/span>. Hesiod u djelu \u00abTeogonija\u00bb (stihovi 886 do 900 i 924 do 926) opisuje kako Zeus proguta trudnu Metidu kako bi izbjegao proro\u010danstvo prema kojem bi ga sin iz te veze svrgnuo.<\/p><p>Iz Zeusove rascijepljene lubanje, koju sjekirom otvara Hefest ili Prometej, u punoj bojnoj opremi iska\u010de Atena. Ta epizoda utemeljuje njezin poseban polo\u017eaj kao \u010disto duhovno stvorenje boga bogova, bez maj\u010dinske medijacije u uobi\u010dajenom smislu.<\/p><p>Metida ostaje sjedinjena sa Zeusom i postaje utjelovljenje lukave mudrosti koju bog bogova otada nosi u sebi; Atena tu osobinu naslije\u0111uje i pokazuje je vani.<\/p>\n<p>Pindarova sedma olimpijska oda (stihovi 35 do 38) donosi rodsku ina\u010dicu prema kojoj je pri ro\u0111enju na otok pao zlatni ki\u0161ni pljusak, a Helijade su od \u017eurbe zaboravile zapaliti prvu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Dar bo\u017eanstvu kojim se izra\u017eava zahvala, molba ili \u0161tovanje.\" tabindex=\"0\">\u017ertvu<\/span>, zbog \u010dega su vatru donijele Ro\u0111anima.<\/p><p>Na Kreti je druga tradicija smjestila ro\u0111enje uz jezero Tritonis u Libiji, zbog \u010dega Atena nosi nadimak \u00abTritogeneja\u00bb; Herodot (IV, 180) izvje\u0161tava o libijskom Ateninu <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost obreda \u0161tovanja odre\u0111enog bo\u017eanstva ili svetog lika.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultu<\/span> kod Auzejaca, povezanom s godi\u0161njom borbom djevojaka oko <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namijenjena \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hrama<\/span>.<\/p><p>Etimolo\u0161ko tuma\u010denje nadimka ostaje sporno izme\u0111u povezanosti s jezerom Tritonis i starogr\u010dkog \u00abtrito\u00bb, \u0161to zna\u010di \u00abtre\u0107e ro\u0111ena\u00bb ili \u00abistinita\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Iz jedne epizode s Hefestom u ati\u010dkoj lokalnoj predaji proizlazi Erihtonije: Hefest poku\u0161ava silovati Atenu, njegovo sjeme padne na njezinu nogu, ona ga obri\u0161e vunom i baci tkaninu na zemlju, iz \u010dega nastaje Erihtonije (Apolodor III, 14, 6).<\/p><p>Atena tajno uzgaja dijete i predaje ga k\u0107erima Kekropa, Aglauri, Hersi i Pandrosi, u zatvorenoj \u0161krinji, uz zabranu da je otvore.<\/p><p>Aglaura i Hersa otvaraju \u0161krinju, vide dijete okru\u017eeno zmijom i u ludilu se bacaju s Akropole. Iz te pri\u010de izvodi se predod\u017eba o autohtonosti Atenjana: njihovi rani kraljevi su \u00abro\u0111eni iz zemlje\u00bb, a ne doseljeni. Erihtonije uspostavlja Panatenejsku svetkovinu i smatra se izumiteljem \u010detveropre\u017enih bojnih kola.<\/p>\n<p>Atena je bratski i sestrinski povezana s Apolonom, Artemidom, Hermesom i Aresom; njezina najbli\u017ea veza u <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost bogova neke religije ili kulture.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteonu<\/span> jest sa samim Zeusom, \u010dije planove \u010desto provodi. Vlastite djece nema; njezino djevi\u010danstvo je bitna sastavnica njezina lika i strukturno je razlikuje od Here i Demetre.<\/p><p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prijelazno razdoblje izme\u0111u antike i srednjeg vijeka, otprilike od 3. do 7. stolje\u0107a.\" tabindex=\"0\">Kasnoanti\u010dke<\/span> alegorijske interpretacije vidjele su u Ateni \u00abmisao\u00bb boga bogova, dakle personificirani logos koji djeluje prije svakog stvaranja; to su tuma\u010denje razradili Filon Aleksandrijski i neoplatoni\u010dki autori poput Prokla.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c2320c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c2320c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a0957b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0a0957b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Simboli, ikonografija i atributi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d26a0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d26a0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Glavni Ateninini atributi su kaciga, koplje, \u0161tit i egida. Egida, ople\u0107je od kozje ko\u017ee obrubljeno zmijama s gorgoninom glavom u sredini, smatra se za\u0161titnim znakom preuzetim od Zeusa. Kod Homera ona nosi egidu u boj kao zamjenu za oca.<\/p><p>Kaciga, \u010desto ukra\u0161ena figurom sfinge ili Pegaza, obilje\u017eava njezinu ratni\u010dku funkciju, dok koplje redovito dr\u017ei uzdignuto, ne u napada\u010dkom stavu. Ba\u0161 to suzdr\u017eano dr\u017eenje podignutog oru\u017eja prikazuje je kao stratega, a ne kao ratnu bijesnu figuru.<\/p>\n<p>Sova, posebno kukuvija (Athene noctua, koja njezino ime nosi sve do moderne zoologije), njezina je ptica od arhajskog doba. Na ati\u010dkim tetradrahmama pojavljuje se kao heraldi\u010dka \u017eivotinja uz glavu bo\u017eice; te su se kovanice u \u010ditavom Sredozemlju trgovale pod nazivom \u00abglaukes\u00bb (sove) i dale povod izreci \u00abnositi sove u Atenu\u00bb (nositi drva u \u0161umu).<\/p><p>Maslina potje\u010de iz spora s Posejdonom: Atena je posadila prvo maslinovo stablo na Akropoli i time Atenjanima podarila biljku koja je davala hranu, svjetlo i ljekovita sredstva za rane.<\/p><p>Sveto maslinovo stablo u Pandroseionu smatralo se neuni\u0161tivim sve do kasnog rimskog doba; Pausanija (I, 27, 2) navodi da je preko no\u0107i ponovno proklijalo nakon perzijskog po\u017eara 480. godine prije na\u0161e ere.<\/p>\n<p>Zmija je jo\u0161 jedan stalni atribut, u dvije funkcije: s jedne strane kao Erihtonije, kojega Atena \u010duva u obliku zmije, s druge strane kao <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Znak koji stoji zamjenski za neku ideju ili zna\u010denje.\" tabindex=\"0\">simbol<\/span> povezanosti sa zemljom i iscjeliteljske mudrosti.<\/p><p>Fidijina hriselefantinska Atena Partenos, koju opisuje Pausanija (I, 24, 5 do 7), prikazuje bo\u017eicu u hitonu, s Nikom na ispru\u017eenoj desnici, uz koplje naslonjeno na \u0161tit; u naborima haljine uvija se velika zmija, izjedna\u010dena s Erihtonijem.<\/p><p>\u0160tit je prikazivao borbu s Amazonkama, unutra\u0161njost gigantomahiju, sandale kentauromahiju. Djelo je bilo dvanaest metara visoko, izra\u0111eno od 1140 kilograma zlata, \u010dije su se plo\u010de mogle skidati, tako da je Periklo u kriznim vremenima imao pristup dr\u017eavnoj zlatnoj rezervi.<\/p>\n<p>Uz to se tkala\u010dki i predila\u010dki pribor smatra njezinim atributom. Atena \u00abErgane\u00bb, \u00abradnica\u00bb, \u0161titila je cjelokupni obrt, ali prije svega tekstilno umije\u0107e \u017eena. U <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predana pri\u010da o bogovima, podrijetlu i poretku svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitu<\/span> o tkala\u010dkom natjecanju s Arahnom (Ovidije, Metamorfoze VI, 5 do 145) pojavljuje se kao stroga za\u0161titnica norme koja razdire nadmo\u0107no, ali bogove kritiziraju\u0107e djelo Lidijke.<\/p><p>Fidija je za Partenon oblikovao svake godine iznova tkani peplos Atene kao ikonografski program: na \u0161afranom obojenom tkanju uvijek su bile utkane scene gigantomahije, u kojoj Atena protjeruje giganta Enkelada pod ostrvo Siciliju.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98b4b8a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"98b4b8a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f302c73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f302c73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Kult i \u0161tovanje<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c84aca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c84aca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sredi\u0161nji Ateninin blagdan bile su Panatenaje, slavljene svake godine 28. hekatombajona (srpanj\/kolovoz), a svake \u010detvrte godine kao \u00abVelike Panatenaje\u00bb s poja\u010danim sjajem. Po\u010dinjale su no\u0107nom bakljadom od akademskog <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sveti \u0161umarak koji je slu\u017eio kao kultno mjesto.\" tabindex=\"0\">gaja<\/span> do Akropole.<\/p><p>Vrhunac je bila sve\u010dana povorka u kojoj su sudjelovali gra\u0111ani, metici i odabrane djevojke; nose\u0107i novoisplet en peplos za staru drvenu kultnu sliku Atene Polias na kolima u obliku broda. Friz Partenona prikazuje tu povorku u du\u017eini od 160 metara, s oko 380 ljudskih i \u017eivotinjskih figura.<\/p>\n<p>Na Velikim Panatenajama nastupali su atleti\u010dari, rapsodi i glazbenici u natjecanjima; pobjednici su kao nagradu dobivali amfore s pre\u0161anim maslinovim uljem iz svetog <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sveti \u0161umarak koji je slu\u017eio kao kultno mjesto.\" tabindex=\"0\">gaja<\/span>.<\/p><p>Te panatenajske nagradne amfore, s Atenom Promahos na jednoj strani i prikazom odgovaraju\u0107e sportske discipline na drugoj, danas su jedan od najbogatijih izvora za ati\u010dko slikarstvo na vazama \u0161estog i petog stolje\u0107a.<\/p><p>Atlotet, koji je organizirao igre, bio je jedna od najvi\u0161ih du\u017enosti ati\u010dke demokracije. I Homerova djela recitirala su se rapsodski na Panatenajama jo\u0161 od Pizistrata, \u0161to je doprinijelo kanonizaciji homerskih epova.<\/p>\n<p>Uz Panatenaje postojali su i drugi Atenini blagdani. Na Arrefoiji u mjesecu skiroforionu \u010detiri visokorodne djevojke nose skrivenu ko\u0161aru u zemlju. Halkeja u mjesecu pijanopsionu bila je kova\u010dki blagdan za Atenu Erganu i Hefesta. Skira u skiroforionu zna\u010dile su povla\u010denje \u017eena i po\u010detak tkanja novog peplosa. Na Plinterijama se stara kultna slika razobla\u010dila i prala u moru.<\/p><p>Tog dana grad se smatrao kultno ne\u010distim, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina posve\u0107ena \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hramovi<\/span> su bili zatvoreni uzicama, a politi\u010dki pregovori su bili prekinuti. Ovi obredi prikazuju Atenu manje kao ratni\u010dku, a vi\u0161e kao kulturotvornu bo\u017eicu koja \u0161titi obrt, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Obredni prijelaz kojim se nekoga uvodi u novi status ili zajednicu.\" tabindex=\"0\">inicijaciju<\/span> i gradsku zajednicu.<\/p>\n<p>Izvan Atene njezin <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost obrednih radnji \u0161tovanja usmjerenih na bo\u017eanstvo ili svetu osobu.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> bio je ra\u0161iren po cijelom gr\u010dkom svijetu. U Sparti se zvala Atena Halkiojkos, \u00abu bron\u010danoj ku\u0107i\u00bb, po <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina posve\u0107ena \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hramu<\/span> s bron\u010danim plo\u010dama; u Tegeji je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina posve\u0107ena \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span> Atene Aleje smatran jednim od najve\u0107ih sveti\u0161ta Peloponeza, koji je izgradio Skopas.<\/p><p>U Pergamu se <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sveto mjesto posve\u0107eno \u0161tovanju bo\u017eanstva.\" tabindex=\"0\">sveti\u0161te<\/span> Atene Polias nalazilo na akropoli, uz \u010duvenu knji\u017enicu Atalida. Helenisti\u010dka Atena Nikeforos iz Pergama postala je referentna to\u010dka panhelenskog kulturnog programa Atalida, koji je Atenu prizivao kao duhovnu domovinu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2f5de9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f2f5de9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4126cda elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4126cda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Va\u017ena sveti\u0161ta i hramovi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-faa4da8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"faa4da8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Partenon na atenskoj Akropoli, izgra\u0111en izme\u0111u 447. i 432. godine prije na\u0161e ere pod Periklom, najpoznatije je <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sveto mjesto posve\u0107eno \u0161tovanju bo\u017eanstva.\" tabindex=\"0\">sveti\u0161te<\/span> ove bo\u017eice.<\/p><p>Iktin i Kalikrat osmislili su dorski <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina koja slu\u017ei \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span>, a Fidija je izradio dvanaest metara visok kip Atene Partenos od zlata i bjelokosti. Gra\u0111evina nije slu\u017eila kao glavno kultno mjesto, ve\u0107 kao riznica i po\u010dasni hram; pravi <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Slikovni prikaz bo\u017eanstva kojem se iskazuje \u0161tovanje u hramu ili sveti\u0161tu.\" tabindex=\"0\">kultni kip<\/span> Atene Polias nalazio se u susjednom Erehtejonu.<\/p><p>Ondje su bili izlo\u017eeni i slano more te sveto stablo masline, vezani uz spor izme\u0111u Atene i Posejdona. Partenon je na svojim zabatima nosio prikaz ro\u0111enja Atene (isto\u010dni zabat) i spora s Posejdonom (zapadni zabat); metope su prikazivale gigantomahiju, amazonomahiju, kentauromahiju i pad Troje.<\/p>\n<p>Erehtejon s trijemom Kora, izgra\u0111en izme\u0111u 421. i 406. godine, bio je pravo kultno sredi\u0161te. U njegovoj se unutra\u0161njosti \u010duvao arhajski drveni kip Atene, takozvani \u201exoanon&#8221;, koji je prema <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pou\u010dna pri\u010da, naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e o \u017eivotu svetaca.\" tabindex=\"0\">legendi<\/span> pao s neba.<\/p><p>Na blagdan Plynteria taj se kip svake godine skidao i prao u moru, sli\u010dno samskoj sve\u010danosti Tonaia posve\u0107enoj Heri. Ovaj <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina koja slu\u017ei \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span> pod jednim krovom objedinjuje <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ukupnost obrednih radnji \u0161tovanja posve\u0107enih bo\u017eanstvu ili svetom liku.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> Atene, Posejdona-Erehteja i kralja Kekropa, pa se smatra najslo\u017eenijom sakralnom gra\u0111evinom klasi\u010dnog razdoblja.<\/p>\n<p>Izvan Atene stoje Atenin <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina koja slu\u017ei \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span> u Suniju, na jugoisto\u010dnom vrhu Atike, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina koja slu\u017ei \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span> Atene Afaje na Egini (zapravo <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kroz vjerski \u010din predan svetom te time izdvojen iz svakodnevnog.\" tabindex=\"0\">posve\u0107en<\/span> bo\u017eici Afaji, ali usko povezan s ikonografijom Atene), <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sveto mjesto posve\u0107eno \u0161tovanju bo\u017eanstva.\" tabindex=\"0\">sveti\u0161te<\/span> Atene Pronaje u Delfima i Atene Itonije u Tesaliji.<\/p><p>U Maloj Aziji me\u0111u velika hodo\u010dasni\u010dka mjesta helenisti\u010dkog doba ubrajali su se Atenin <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina koja slu\u017ei \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span> u Prieni, koji je u \u010detvrtom stolje\u0107u prije na\u0161e ere podigao Piteos, te <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina koja slu\u017ei \u0161tovanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span> Atene Lindije na Rodosu. Lindski hram Atene \u010duvao je Lindsku kroniku, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tekst urezan ili uklesan u trajni nosa\u010d.\" tabindex=\"0\">natpis<\/span> koji je nabrajao najvrjednije zavjetne darove sveti\u0161ta od najranijih vremena do 99. godine prije na\u0161e ere.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcb85f0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fcb85f0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-146581b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"146581b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mitske pripovijesti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d591b2a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d591b2a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Spor s Posejdonom (Poseidon) oko Atike ubraja se u atenske utemeljiteljske pri\u010de. Apolodor (III, 14, 1) pi\u0161e da su oba boga polagala pravo na tu zemlju te su pred vije\u0107em bogova iznijeli svoje darove. Posejdon je zario trozub u tlo Akropole i pustio da pote\u010de slana voda (ili se, prema drugoj varijanti, pojavio konj); Atena je posadila stablo masline.<\/p><p>Vije\u0107e bogova, odnosno kralj Kekrop, presudilo je u korist Atene, nakon \u010dega je Posejdon kaznio zemlju potopom. Fidija je taj spor prikazao na zapadnom zabatu Partenona. Pausanija (I, 26, 5) svjedo\u010di da se u Erehtejonu nalazi pukotina u stijeni koja je nastala udarcem trozuba, te bunar sa slanom vodom koji pri ju\u017enom vjetru mirisom podsje\u0107a na more.<\/p>\n<p>U Trojanskom ratu Atena je dosljedno na gr\u010dkoj strani. Vodi Odiseja kroz \u00abOdiseju\u00bb, poma\u017ee Diomedu u borbi protiv Aresa i Afrodite (Ilijada V) te s Epejem osmi\u0161ljava drvenog konja, pomo\u0107u kojeg Trojanci sami otvaraju svoj grad.<\/p><p>Nakon pobjede njezin se gnjev okre\u0107e protiv Grka, jer je Ajant Lokranin obe\u0161\u010dastio Kasandru u <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namijenjena obo\u017eavanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hramu<\/span> ove bo\u017eice (Euripid, Trojanke 48 do 97); posljedica su oluja i nesretan povratak ku\u0107i.<\/p><p>Spor oko Paladija, drvenog kultnog lika Atene spa\u0161enog iz Troje, ostaje u <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predaja o bogovima, podrijetlu i poretku svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitu<\/span> politi\u010dkim argumentom gradova koji pola\u017eu pravo na njegovo \u010duvanje; Argos, Atena i naposljetku Rim (preko Eneje) tvrde da im taj lik daje bo\u017eansku legitimnost njihove dr\u017eave.<\/p>\n<p>U <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predaja o bogovima, podrijetlu i poretku svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitu<\/span> o Meduzi Atena poma\u017ee Perzeju odsje\u0107i glavu Gorgone, pru\u017eaju\u0107i mu ula\u0161ten \u0161tit kao zrcalo. Glavu Gorgone (Gorgoneion) zadr\u017eava kao sredi\u0161nji ukras svoje egide.<\/p><p>Apolodor (II, 4, 3) i Ovidije (Metamorfoze IV, 798 do 803) donose dvije razli\u010dite predpri\u010de o Gorgoni; u Ovidijevoj verziji Meduza je izvorno bila lijepa smrtnica koju je, nakon \u0161to ju je obe\u0161\u010dastio Posejdon u Atenin <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namijenjena obo\u017eavanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span>, sama bo\u017eica pretvorila u stra\u0161ilo.<\/p><p>Starija gr\u010dka tradicija, me\u0111utim, poznaje Meduzu kao izvorno stra\u0161ilo bez ljudske pro\u0161losti.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predaja o bogovima, podrijetlu i poretku svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mit<\/span> o Arahni (Ovidije, Metamorfoze VI) prikazuje Atenu kao nepomirljivu za\u0161titnicu bo\u017eanskog poretka: lidijska tkalja Arahna izaziva bo\u017eicu na natjecanje i u svojem tkanju prikazuje nedjela bogova.<\/p><p>Atena razdire tkanje, udara Arahnu \u010dunkom i naposljetku je pretvara u pauka. Kasnija je tradicija tu epizodu u\u010dinila uzornom pripovijesti-upozorenjem protiv oholosti. Istovremeno feministi\u010dka mitolo\u0161ka istra\u017eivanja u ovoj pri\u010di vide odraz razmi\u0161ljanja o granici legitimne umjetni\u010dke kritike mo\u0107i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07f94f4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"07f94f4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6b8164 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b6b8164\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Odnosi u panteonu<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43c6d57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"43c6d57\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Atena se smatra najmilijom k\u0107eri Zeusa; u \u00abIlijadi\u00bb jedina, umjesto njega, nosi njegov \u0161tit egidu. Njezina odanost ocu je bezuvjetna, a samo se u jednoj epizodi (Ilijada I, 396 do 406) spominje kao dio olimpske urote protiv njega.<\/p><p>Sa svojim bratom i sestrom, Apolonom i Artemidom, odr\u017eava miran, ravnopravan odnos; sva troje utjelovljuju mla\u0111u, vje\u0161tu generaciju u odnosu na starije <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Skup svih bogova jedne religije ili kulture.\" tabindex=\"0\">panteon<\/span>. S Hermesom dijeli ulogu mudrog za\u0161titnika, zbog \u010dega oboje zajedno poma\u017eu Perzeju, Herakli i Odiseju.<\/p>\n<p>Suparni\u0161tvo s Posejdonom obilje\u017eava nekoliko lokalnih mitova, osim u Ateni i u Trezenu i Argosu. S Aresom postoji otvoreno neprijateljstvo: Atena predstavlja strate\u0161ko vo\u0111enje rata, a Ares zanesenu bojnu bijesnost.<\/p><p>Kod Homera Atena rukom Diomeda ranjava Aresa (Ilijada V, 855 do 859), a oboje se ponovno sukobljavaju u Teomahiji u Ilijadi XX i XXI. S Afroditom postoji suzdr\u017eano neprijateljski odnos, izazvan Parisovom presudom; Atena je Parisu obe\u0107ala mudrost i pobjedu u ratu, Afrodita Helenu.<\/p>\n<p>Hefest je njezin zanatski drug; zajedno su smatrani za\u0161titnicima ati\u010dkih obrtnika. Hefestejon na agori, \u010desto pogre\u0161no nazivan \u00abTezejon\u00bb, bio je zajedni\u010dki <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Kroz vjerski \u010din predan svetom i time izdvojen iz svakodnevnog.\" tabindex=\"0\">posve\u0107en<\/span> njima dvoma i najbolje je o\u010duvan dorski <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Gra\u0111evina namijenjena obo\u017eavanju jednog ili vi\u0161e bo\u017eanstava.\" tabindex=\"0\">hram<\/span> u Gr\u010dkoj.<\/p><p>Posebna veza povezuje Atenu s herojima: Odisejom, Perzejem, Belerofontom (kojemu daruje zlatnu uzdu za Pegaza), Diomedom, Jazonom i prije svega Heraklom, koji dobivaju njezinu podr\u0161ku u obliku koji, po homerskoj etici, predstavlja najvi\u0161i oblik bo\u017eanske naklonosti.<\/p><p>U Hesiodovom Heraklovom \u0161titu Atena se javlja kao za\u0161titnica koja oprema junaka bo\u017eanskom mudro\u0161\u0107u.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4341ec e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e4341ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60a0e01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60a0e01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recepcija<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e94523b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e94523b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Rimska identifikacija s Minervom donosi druga\u010diji naglasak: Minerva je izvorno bila etru\u0161\u010danska bo\u017eica Menrva, \u010dije su funkcije bile usmjerene na za\u0161titu obrtni\u0161tva i \u0161kolovanja; ratnu dimenziju gr\u010dke Atene u Rimu su preuzeli Mars i Belona.<\/p><p>U kapitolskoj trijadi s Jupiterom i Junonom Minerva je ostala klju\u010dno dr\u017eavno <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bi\u0107e koje se u okviru neke religije \u0161tuje kao bo\u017eansko.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017eanstvo<\/span>, a Domicijan joj je na Marsovom polju podigao znamenito <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sveto mjesto posve\u0107eno \u0161tovanju bo\u017eanstva.\" tabindex=\"0\">sveti\u0161te<\/span>. Kvinkvatrije, petodnevna svetkovina u o\u017eujku, posebno su slavile Minervu kao za\u0161titnicu u\u010ditelja i u\u010denika; Ovidije im posve\u0107uje detaljan opis u djelu \u00abFasti\u00bb (III, 809 do 848).<\/p>\n<p>U <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Prijelazno razdoblje izme\u0111u antike i srednjeg vijeka, otprilike od 3. do 7. stolje\u0107a.\" tabindex=\"0\">kasnoj antici<\/span> Atena Partenos postala je kulturni simbol: Prokopije izvje\u0161tava da je kip Atene Promahos u \u0161estom stolje\u0107u jo\u0161 stajao u Konstantinopolu, prije nego \u0161to je uni\u0161ten u ustanku 1203. godine.<\/p><p>Srednji vijek poznavao je Palas prije svega kao alegorijsku figuru mudrosti; u \u00abRoman de la Rose\u00bb i u djelu Christine de Pizan \u00abCit\u00e9 des Dames\u00bb ona postaje za\u0161titnica obrazovanih \u017eena. Boccacciov \u00abDe claris mulieribus\u00bb svrstava je me\u0111u uzorne anti\u010dke \u017eene, a Petrarka je obra\u0111uje u djelu \u00abAfrica\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Renesansa je donijela humanisti\u010dko ponovno o\u017eivljavanje njezinog lika u djelima Sandra Botticellija \u00abPalas i Kentaur\u00bb i Andree Mantegne \u00abPalas izgoni poroke\u00bb. Osamnaesto stolje\u0107e u Pali Ateni vidjelo je sliku prosvjetiteljstva, koju je Schiller slavio u svom poznatom distihu \u00abDie sch\u00f6nste Wissenschaft\u00bb.<\/p><p>Devetnaesto stolje\u0107e u\u010dinilo ju je heraldi\u010dkim simbolom akademija i sveu\u010dili\u0161ta, primjerice Akademije znanosti u Berlinu i Sveu\u010dili\u0161ta u Ateni, u \u010dijem predvorju stoji kip bo\u017eice prema Fidijinom uzoru.<\/p><p>Temeljne studije Klausa Vierneisela i Petera Zankera o ikonografiji Atene sustavno su obradile kulturno-politi\u010dko zna\u010denje njezinog lika u klasicizmu i devetnaestom stolje\u0107u.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64df9ac e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"64df9ac\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4eb67d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4eb67d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Religijsko-znanstvena klasifikacija<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17c1d6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"17c1d6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Etimologija imena Atena i danas je predmet spora. Indoeuropsko podrijetlo smatra se malo vjerojatnim; ve\u0107ina istra\u017eiva\u010da, me\u0111u njima Robert Beekes, pretpostavlja predgr\u010dko, egejsko podrijetlo. Linearno pismo B poznaje naziv \u00aba-ta-na-po-ti-ni-ja\u00bb (\u00abGospodarica Atana\u00bb) u <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Tekst urezan ili uklesan u \u010dvrsti nosa\u010d.\" tabindex=\"0\">natpisu<\/span> iz Knosa, \u0161to upu\u0107uje na bron\u010danodobnu za\u0161titnicu utvrde ili pala\u010dnog grada.<\/p><p>Martin P. Nilsson vidio je u Ateni personifikaciju mikenske gospodarice pala\u010de, koja je u prijelazu od pala\u010dkog kraljevstva prema polisnoj religiji zadr\u017eala svoju ratni\u010dku i obrtni\u010dku funkciju.<\/p>\n<p>Iz indoeuropsko-poredbene perspektive Atena pokazuje strukturne sli\u010dnosti s rimskom Minervom (preko etru\u0161\u010danskog posredovanja) i indoarijskom Sarasvati, koja tako\u0111er \u0161titi mudrost, jezik i umjetnost. Ipak, specifi\u010dna povezanost ratnice, za\u0161titnice obrtni\u0161tva i \u010duvarice grada rijetka je u indoeuropskoj poredbenoj gra\u0111i i podupire pretpostavku o egejskom substratskom bo\u017eanstvu.<\/p><p>Georges Dum\u00e9zil u okviru svoje teorije trofunkcijske podjele nije jednozna\u010dno svrstao Atenu: pokazuje obilje\u017eja sve tri funkcije, \u0161to bi bilo neobi\u010dno za indoeuropsko <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Bi\u0107e koje se u okviru neke religije \u0161tuje kao bo\u017eansko.\" tabindex=\"0\">bo\u017eanstvo<\/span>, ali je o\u010dekivano za substratsko bo\u017eanstvo.<\/p>\n<p>Walter Burkert i Jean-Pierre Vernant izdvojili su strukturnu opoziciju izme\u0111u Atene i Aresa kao model gr\u010dke klasifikacije rata: Atena predstavlja kontroliranu, polisom usmjerenu i naposljetku pomirljivu ratnu silu, a Ares zanesenu, zajednicu razaraju\u0107u bojnu bijesnost. Ta polarnost klju\u010dna je za razumijevanje gr\u010dke vojne etike.<\/p><p>Teza Joan Connelly (2014) da parhenonski friz ne prikazuje panatenejsku <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Sve\u010dana religijska povorka.\" tabindex=\"0\">procesiju<\/span>, nego mitsko \u017ertvovanje k\u0107eri Erehteja, pokrenula je novu raspravu o religijskoj programatici atenskog dr\u017eavnog kulta. Novija istra\u017eivanja posljednjih desetlje\u0107a uglavnom nagla\u0161avaju politi\u010dku funkciju Atene kao <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Slikovita predod\u017eba koja predstavlja apstraktnu ideju.\" tabindex=\"0\">simbola<\/span> demokratskog samopotvr\u0111ivanja Atene.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3162f43 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3162f43\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb06698 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bb06698\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Izvori<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c02019 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c02019\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p>Homer, \u00abIlijada\u00bb (posebno V, XV, XX do XXII) i \u00abOdiseja\u00bb (posebno I, V, XIII). Hesiod, \u00abTeogonija\u00bb 886 do 900 i 924 do 926. Apolodor, \u00abBibliotheke\u00bb, III, 14 (spor oko Atike, Erihtonije).<\/p><p>Pausanija, \u00abOpis Gr\u010dke\u00bb, I, 24 do 28 (Akropola); Herodot, \u00abPovijest\u00bb, IV, 180 (libijski <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Skup obrednih radnji \u0161tovanja posve\u0107enih nekom bo\u017eanstvu ili svetom liku.\" tabindex=\"0\">kult<\/span> Atene). Ovidije, \u00abMetamorfoze\u00bb, VI, 5 do 145 (Arahna) i IV, 798 do 803 (Meduza).<\/p><p>Ovidije, \u00abFasti\u00bb III, 809 do 848 (Kvinkvatrije). Pindar, Olimpijske ode VII. Euripid, \u00abIon\u00bb i \u00abTrojanke\u00bb.<\/p><p>Walter Burkert, \u00abGriechische Religion der archaischen und klassischen Epoche\u00bb, Stuttgart 1977. Karl Ker\u00e9nyi, \u00abDie <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Skup predanih pri\u010da o bogovima jedne kulture.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mythologie<\/span> der Griechen\u00bb, Z\u00fcrich 1951. Jean-Pierre Vernant, \u00ab<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Predana pri\u010da o bogovima, podrijetlu i poretku svijeta.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mythos<\/span> und Gesellschaft im alten Griechenland\u00bb, Frankfurt am Main 1987. Joan Breton Connelly, \u00abThe Parthenon Enigma\u00bb, New York 2014.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2982,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Atena","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Atena \u2013 Bo\u017eica mudrosti, za\u0161titnica Atene | iWell Guard","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Atena je bo\u017eica mudrosti, strategije i umjetni\u010dkog umije\u0107a, ro\u0111ena iz Zeusove glave. Za\u0161titnica Atene, prikazana s sovom i egidom.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"1","wesen_kultur":"griechenland","wesen_klasse":"goetter","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-149783","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Atena \u2013 Bo\u017eica mudrosti, za\u0161titnica Atene | iWell Guard<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Atena je bo\u017eica mudrosti, strategije i umjetni\u010dkog umije\u0107a, ro\u0111ena iz Zeusove glave. Za\u0161titnica Atene, prikazana s sovom i egidom.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"hr_HR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Atena\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Atena je bo\u017eica mudrosti, strategije i umjetni\u010dkog umije\u0107a, ro\u0111ena iz Zeusove glave. Za\u0161titnica Atene, prikazana s sovom i egidom.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-04T05:32:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_griechenland_athene.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/atena\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/atena\\\/\",\"name\":\"Atena \u2013 Bo\u017eica mudrosti, za\u0161titnica Atene | iWell Guard\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/atena\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/atena\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_griechenland_athene.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-04T05:13:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-04T05:32:07+00:00\",\"description\":\"Atena je bo\u017eica mudrosti, strategije i umjetni\u010dkog umije\u0107a, ro\u0111ena iz Zeusove glave. Za\u0161titnica Atene, prikazana s sovom i egidom.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/atena\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"hr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/atena\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"hr\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/atena\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_griechenland_athene.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_griechenland_athene.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Bogovi iz gr\u010dke tradicije.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/atena\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/?page_id=149317\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Atena\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"hr\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"hr\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/atena\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/atena\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Atena\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-04T05:13:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-04T05:32:07+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/atena\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/hr\\\/atena\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/goetter_griechenland_athene.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"hr\",\"description\":\"Atena je bo\u017eica mudrosti, strategije i umjetni\u010dkog umije\u0107a, ro\u0111ena iz Zeusove glave. Za\u0161titnica Atene, prikazana s sovom i egidom.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Atena \u2013 Bo\u017eica mudrosti, za\u0161titnica Atene | iWell Guard","description":"Atena je bo\u017eica mudrosti, strategije i umjetni\u010dkog umije\u0107a, ro\u0111ena iz Zeusove glave. Za\u0161titnica Atene, prikazana s sovom i egidom.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/","og_locale":"hr_HR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Atena","og_description":"Atena je bo\u017eica mudrosti, strategije i umjetni\u010dkog umije\u0107a, ro\u0111ena iz Zeusove glave. Za\u0161titnica Atene, prikazana s sovom i egidom.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-04T05:32:07+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_griechenland_athene.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Atena","datePublished":"2026-09-04T05:13:27+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-04T05:32:07+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_griechenland_athene.webp","inLanguage":"hr","description":"Atena je bo\u017eica mudrosti, strategije i umjetni\u010dkog umije\u0107a, ro\u0111ena iz Zeusove glave. Za\u0161titnica Atene, prikazana s sovom i egidom."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/","name":"Atena \u2013 Bo\u017eica mudrosti, za\u0161titnica Atene | iWell Guard","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_griechenland_athene.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-04T05:13:27+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-04T05:32:07+00:00","description":"Atena je bo\u017eica mudrosti, strategije i umjetni\u010dkog umije\u0107a, ro\u0111ena iz Zeusove glave. Za\u0161titnica Atene, prikazana s sovom i egidom.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"hr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"hr","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_griechenland_athene.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_griechenland_athene.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Bogovi iz gr\u010dke tradicije."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/?page_id=149317"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Atena"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"hr"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"hr","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"hr","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Atena","datePublished":"2026-09-04T05:13:27+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-04T05:32:07+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/atena\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/goetter_griechenland_athene.webp","inLanguage":"hr","description":"Atena je bo\u017eica mudrosti, strategije i umjetni\u010dkog umije\u0107a, ro\u0111ena iz Zeusove glave. Za\u0161titnica Atene, prikazana s sovom i egidom."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/149783","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=149783"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/149783\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2982"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=149783"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/hr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=149783"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}